s. 20. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Mad in obtaining it, is essential to her recove- 
     
     ry, In higher degrees. of this disorder, where 
     
     the cow ceases to ruminate, or chew the cud, 
     
     where the appetite goes off, and the milk is 
     
     glmost entirely lost. to all the quarters, the 
     
     drench should a assisted by whey, as directed 
     
     in the treatment of red water, and when 
     
     scouring succeedS. the _cordial_ astringent 
     
     drench must be given, as directed to the treat- 
     
     mentofscollrmg' or scantertng. The swollen 
     
     udder rcquiresonly the application ofsweet oil, 
     
     or foot oil. 
     
    

    
     When cattle are turned suddenly into 
     
     good pasture, they sometimes fill the rumen 
     
     orpaunclt, so hastily. and so distendit, that 
     
     itis rendered incapable of returning the food 
     
     to the mouth for rumination. Fermentation 
     
     then takes place, by which much air is gene- 
     
     rated, and the distention soon becomes such as 
     
     to suffocate the animal, unless relief is afforded 
     
     by introducing .an instrument named a pro- 
     
     bang, and letting out the confined air. As 
     
     soon as this has been done the opening drench 
     
     must be given, and the animal turned into a 
     
     bare pasture, where she must be for some 
     
     titne attended, and have the fermenting food 
     
     removed from the mouth as it is thrown up; with- 
     
     out this precaution it maybe ruminated, and 
     
     againswallowed, and the third and fourth sto. 
     
     mach so filled with it, as to produce the flatn- 
     
     lent cube, and a fatal inflamation of the sto- 
     
     mach and bowels, from excessive diszention 
     
     oftheair, which would be generated, for in 
     
     those cavities air could not escape upwards 
     
     in consequence of their valvular structure. 
     
     Should this fresh disorder. through negligche. 
     
     be permitted to happen, the opening drench 
     
     is still the best remedy that can be emploved. 
     
     Another method is sometimes tna 1e use offor 
     
     relieving an anitnalin this disorder. which is 
     
     commonly named horcn. blown, or (I! Islcdf that 
     
     is. a sharp knife is plunged through the left 
     
     side into the distended rutncn, or first stomach. 
     
     The part where it is most prominent is chosen. 
     
     viz: between the last rib attd the hip bone; 
     
     and always on the left side. The air hf‘itlg 
     
     thus Completely let out, the wound is closed by 
     
     apitch plaster, and the animal turned into a 
     
     bare pasture, where it may get plenty of ex. 
     
     ercise and little food, that is. after the form mt- 
     
     ing food has been removed from the mouth as 
     
     before described. This tnelhol, howovtr, is 
     
     eventually injurious, anl must be Supersc led, 
     
     by that ofintro'lncing a probang. and batting 
     
     cut the confined air by the mouth; a tnothol 
     
     first proposed by Dr. Munro. 'l‘hc wounl in 
     
     the rumen,asit hels, always fl'lllCl‘CS to th: 
     
     side, and thus a regular contraction of the ca- 
     
     vity is ever afterwasz prevented, anl rumi- 
     
     nation thereby rett lore l :litli tult an I imperfect. 
     
     Sometimes when an aai-mi is turned into good 
     
     grasstcspecially about the month of August 
     
     and September. when the grass is hirh anl 
     
     abundant, from havin beau well witerel. 
     
     they eat a great deal during hitb the div and 
     
     the night, but not as much as to hinder rumina- 
     
     tion. Thus theygradually fill all thesto'nttvhs, 
     
     and towards the morning become so oppressed, 
     
     that they lie down on tho coll grass, which is 
     
     perhaps, wet or covered w-th hotr vfi‘lsl. 
     
     Digestion is thus put a stop to. and the animal 
     
     offun suffocated by the e‘(cc¢sivc :listentio-i of 
     
     the stomachs. ltt this disorder, which ts com- 
     
     tnouly called fog sickness, the probang‘ must 
     
    

    
     ' l have lately been informed that ltovcn or 
     
     blasted cattle have been quickly relieved by giving 
     
     four ounces ofcarbonste ofsoda. hall'a pint of castor 
     
     oil. sndnpint of water. The person wlto gave me 
     
     information, says that he has tssvsr known this to 
     
     st. 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     THE BRITISH AMERICAN. 
     
    
   
   
    
     be introduced, and the opening drench given. 
     
     The animal must then be made to move if pos- 
     
     sible, and the food that is thrown up into the 
     
     mouth must be removed. Here, also, a bare 
     
     pasture is necessary afterwards; no other me- 
     
     dicine is required; but a free access to water 
     
     is necessary to soften and carry otf the acou- 
     
     mulated food, and when this has been accom- 
     
     plished, the cordial astringent drench‘may be 
     
     necessary, morning and evening, ft)l‘\YWO or 
     
     three days, to restore the tone of the injured 
     
     stomachs and bowels. It is probable, however, 
     
     that this would be more effectually,though more 
     
     slowly accomplished, by keeping the animal 
     
     in a bare pasture. 
     
    

    
     Sometimes when the animal is kept in rich 
     
     pasture during the month ofJune the appetite is 
     
     powerful, and the digestion is quick and impcr 
     
     fectand thus, in a short titne,so much rich blood, 
     
     is formed as to exceed the capacity of the 
     
     blood vessels. and then inllamation is produced 
     
     in some vital org“. and nothing but the most 
     
     copious depletion ofthe blood vessels will save 
     
     the animals life. Thelungs are the part tnost 
     
     likely to suffer, and next. the brain and the 
     
     kidneys: prolucing ma] staggers, or the in- 
     
     flammatory red water: and insteers or heifers, 
     
     or in yearlings, the quartcrill is thus produced. 
     
     In all cases ofintlamtnation, the animal appears 
     
     stupid and heavy; the breathing is disturbed ; 
     
     the nose and the upper lip hot and dry, the horns 
     
     hot, especially at the roots, attd the vessels of 
     
     the eye distended. The pulse rises above too, 
     
     and the appetite is usually lost. All these sym- 
     
     toms quickly increase, and unless the animal 
     
     is pr0perly treated, terminate fatally. Bleel. 
     
     ing is the essential remedy, and must be perfor- 
     
     med as early as possible. 
     
     blool drawn should not be regtrded, but the 
     
     cifectwliich is producel by it, that is, faintnCss; 
     
     this gradually ceases, and after a few hours he 
     
     appears relieved anl cheerful, and often do. 
     
     sirous of fun I. But this must be given ctutious. 
     
     ly, the barcst pasture is the best plane for him; 
     
     but he may beailowed now and then a quart or 
     
     two of fresh whey. which will serve to unload 
     
     the stomachs and bowels. This remedy (bleed. 
     
     ing to faintness.) always succeeds perfectly il' 
     
     employed in st‘nson, an l followe'l by a suitable 
     
     diet. In the lll )nth ofSeplember and October. 
     
     scouring-often ttkCS piacc. especially in atti 
     
     ntals predisposel to the disorder by hereditary 
     
     \voaknt-ss, frequentcolvintr. WSJkl’lCis of the 
     
     stomach anvl bow 2.3, gra'lually inducel from 
     
     several winters fee: in: on bal lttv. Ani rials 
     
     that have been taken from their native soil anl 
     
     climate. are also subject to this disorder, as 
     
     well as rettnrkably good milkors, and tltisis 
     
     t'te pcriol when securing generallv commences. 
     
     In this case the cor lial astringent drench must 
     
     be given every morning anl evening, as directed 
     
     in the Com-pen limit. but must always be prone 
     
     «lol by the openi'tg drench, at whatever p3- 
     
     ri til the disease nttv occur. This remely, 
     
     have reason to believe, \Vlli always succeed, 
     
     ifetnolnved in seasn, anl if toe time of the 
     
     year \Vllthltnll. of the animal being kept at 
     
     9;.” 15s. 
     
    

    
     In very cold an I wet weather, wht‘n shelter 
     
     becomes necessarv. intervals of fin-3 \vetlltt'r- 
     
     must be tikcn a'lvtntoxe of, for song» grass 
     
     and Sonic excercise are essential to recovery?t 
     
    
   
   
    
     ' l have lately been imforined that many scourin; 
     
     cows have been cured by giving once or twice a day a 
     
     drenchmade by boiling,r three or four sheets of lat-gr, 
     
     common writing paper in three pints of skimmed milk- 
     
     until reduct-d to a pulp One pint of this is a dose; 
     
     and my correspon lent a l ls. thtt be his n:-ver lcno wn 
     
     it to fail. The Cow is fed on the sweetest bay, ml 
     
     turned out for exercise when the weather is fine. 
     
    
   
   
    
     The quantity of 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     131 
     
     and when grass is deficient. either in quan- 
     
     tity orquality, the best food is good hay in 
     
     moderate quantity, and masltes ot'good. fresh 
     
     bran with alittle ground malt. A handful of 
     
     wheat flour also may be stirred into each pail 
     
     of water. in this way the animal may be re- 
     
     stored and strengthened: and when grass 
     
     becomes nourishing. and the weather favoura- 
     
     ble, the green fields will effectually recover 
     
     her. Those are all the internal disorders of 
     
     cattle, except the contagious epidemic, named 
     
     murrain, or pest, and the epidemic catarrh, 
     
     named distemper, or influenza. These are in- 
     
     flammatory disorders of the highest degree, 
     
     and ifcurable, as the latter always is, can be 
     
     co red out by the most early copious bleeding. 
     
     An absart apprehension of fatal debility,and of 
     
     the putrid nature of the disorder, must never 
     
     prevent this remedy from being employed with 
     
     boldness, nor should the animal ever be taken 
     
     'oi-tn grass. and the open fields, as is often 
     
     done in the epidemic catarrh. Contagion, 
     
     however, tnust always be guarded against with 
     
     the utmost care. 'l‘onics and stimulants are 
     
     poisons in those disorders, and bleeding and 
     
     grass are the only remedies ever required. 
     
     I have now endeavoured to given simple, but 
     
     comprehensive view of the internal disorders 
     
     ofeattlc, and such as may lead to their preven 
     
     tion. I i tdulge a hope that the proprietors of 
     
     cat tlc may be led by this, and the other essays 
     
     [ have wrtten; to reflect upon the subject, 
     
     and give a fair trial to the curative and pre- 
     
     Vrntivc measures 1 have proposnd. it should 
     
     be receollocted, however, that the success of 
     
     the remedies l have suggested can be insured 
     
     only by an early and careful application. 
     
     Disorders are often neglected until they be- 
     
     come incurable: and then the most abs trd and 
     
     expensive drenches are frequently had re- 
     
     course to. In Dowing‘s book on cattle mcdl 
     
     cine; a pint ot'port wine and a quart of strong 
     
     beer are prescribed forone dos-J, as a vehicle 
     
     forgraius of paradise anl other drugs; anl in 
     
     another receipt :1 quart of port wine is pro 
     
     scribel for one dose. Sometimes a choice is 
     
     offsrs-J the reader between l)‘Cl‘ anl urine, 
     
     asiftheir properties were similar. The cor- 
     
     dial astringent drench, including the beer, will 
     
     cost about four pence; the Oyeaing drench 
     
     istnor: expensive, anl costs from a shilling to 
     
     -s : itett pence. But one is always sulficient. 
     
     l‘ltc strong cordials givon to cattle, or even 
     
     the beer in wniclt they are given, which is sel. 
     
     dom less than a quart, may alforl relief in 
     
     Sam-‘2 disorders, but they certainly Weaken 
     
     the stotntch, and thereby increase the tenden- 
     
     cy to disease. The weaker the cordial the 
     
     better, provided it be strong enough to produce 
     
     tlttulesiredefi'oct. and then it mav he so re- 
     
     pcttted as, with due attention to diet, to render 
     
     that effect more durable. an l even permanent, 
     
     In scouring cattle I have not yet known the cor 
     
     ditl astrin'rcnt to fail. Proprietors would 50’! 
     
     goat advantage in directing the medical treat- 
     
     ment of their stock themselves, andstill more 
     
     were they to attend carefully to preventive 
     
     nmns'ircs. Were the practice to become gs- 
     
     norol of moitiog hay in the early part ofJuoe, 
     
     when the grass is in flower. it would go a great 
     
     way in preventing the diseases ofhorses and Cat- 
     
     ! o. In “W former animal the only other can- 
     
    

    
     ilio'ts required for the preservation ofhealth. 
     
     'vnolrl b.‘ to give {inch hay with moderation, to 
     
     work him fairly. anl afford him such treatment 
     
     as lte has .tiost claim to. for all his disorders are 
     
    
   
   
    
     . 
     
    
   
   
    
     lions and by feeding upon ltav. 'l‘he crop, when 
     
     out etrlv, mw be less in quantity, but this ll 
     
     abundantly compensatol for by its superior 
     
     quality, and the after grass would be infinitely 
     
     better. 
     
    
   
   
    
     erttt’l.Sit)‘.lt‘tl by hard work, by excessive exor- I 
     
    
   
   
    
     J 
     
     i,