Dr.
      Olivieri
     
     
      published
      her
     
     
      results
      without
      the
     
     
      permission
      of
     
     
      Apotex.
      She
      be-
     
     
      lieved
      it
      was
      un-
     
     
      ethical
      to
      hold
      back
     
     
      her
      findings
      and
     
     
      soon
      faced
      the
     
     
      consequences
      of
     
     
      her
      actions.
      She
     
     
      was
      demoted
      by
      the
     
     
      hospital
      after
     
     
      Apotex
      com-
     
     
      plained,
      although
      a
     
     
      public
      outcry
     
     
      eventually
      restored
     
     
      her
      position.
     
    

    
     
      McGill
      Pro-
     
     
      fessor
      Malcolm
     
     
      Baines,
      from
      the
     
     
      Department
      of
     
     
      Microbiology
      and
     
     
      Immunology,
     
     
      believes
      it
      is
      in-
     
     
      cumbent
      upon
     
     
      academic
      research-
     
     
      ers
      not
      to
      sign
     
    
   
   
    
     
      Thomson,
      one
      of
     
     
      the
      organizers,
     
     
      explains
      the
      goals
     
     
      of
      the
      group.
     
    

    
     
      “We
      want
      U
     
     
      of
      T
      to
      take
      respon-
     
     
      sibility
      for
      the
      way
     
     
      its
      clothing
      is
      being
     
     
      made,”
      Thomson
     
     
      said.
     
    

    
     
      SAS
      recently
     
     
      presented
      a
      draft
      of
     
     
      a
      code
      of
      cond
     
    
   
   
    
     
       
     
    
   
   
    
     
      contracts
      that
     
     
      unduly
      bind
      them
     
     
      in
      what
      they
      can
     
     
      and
      cannot
      do.
     
     
      Nevertheless,
     
     
      the
      pressures
      of
      the
     
     
      university
      and
     
     
      granting
      agencies
     
     
      are
      considerable.
     
     
      “It’s
      almost
     
     
      being
      forced
      into
      a
     
     
      deal
      with
      the
      devil
     
     
      in
      some
      cases,”
     
     
      said
      Baines.
     
     
      Donations
      by
     
     
      corporations
      and
     
     
      other
      private
     
     
      sources
      made
      up
      48
     
     
      per
      cent
      of
      the
     
     
      operating
      budget
      at
     
     
      McGill
      last
      year.
     
     
      Consequently,
      it
      is
     
     
      less
      dependent
      on
     
     
      big
      businesses
      than
     
     
      many
      other
      Cana-
     
     
      dian
      universities.
     
     
      Still,
      15
      per
     
    
   
   
    
     
      to
      U
      of
      T’s
      Govern-
     
     
      ing
      Council.
      The
     
     
      draft
      is
      based
      on
     
     
      the
      ILO’s
      labour
     
     
      standards
      that
      apply
     
     
      to
      factories
      and
     
     
      homeworkers
      all
     
     
      over
      the
      world,
     
     
      such
      as
      living
     
     
      wages,
      safe
      work-
     
     
      ing
      conditions,
      and
     
     
      the
      right
      to
      form
      a
     
    
   
   
    
     
        
     
    
   
   
    
     
      cent
      of
      the
      McGill’s
     
     
      funding
      comes
      from
     
     
      corporations.
      Two-
     
     
      thirds
      of
      this
      is
     
     
      earmarked
      for
     
     
      research.
     
    

    
     
      In
      principle,
     
     
      McGill
      is
      supposed
     
     
      to
      only
      accept
     
     
      industry
      research
     
     
      contracts
      that
      are
     
     
      truly
      research
      and
     
     
      not
      humdrum
      work
     
     
      that
      should
      be
      done
     
     
      by
      industry
      profes-
     
     
      sionals.
      Also,
      con-
     
     
      tracts
      are
      never
     
     
      signed
      if
      the
      final
     
     
      word
      on
      publication
     
     
      is
      not
      given
      to
      the
     
     
      University.
     
    

    
     
      These
      mecha-
     
     
      nisms,
      however,
      are
     
     
      never
      airtight.
     
     
      McGill
      does
      not
      see
     
     
      all
      clinical
      research
     
     
      contracts
      and
      the
     
    
   
   
    
     
      The
      draft
      code
     
     
      also
      demands
      the
     
     
      disclosure
      of
      factory
     
     
      locations.
      Currently
     
     
      the
      sources
      of
      U
      of
      T
     
     
      clothing
      are
      kept
     
     
      secret.
     
    

    
     
      “We
      demand
     
     
      that
      they
      tell
      us
      in
     
     
      which
      factories
      U
      of
     
     
      T
      clothes
      are
      being
     
     
      made,”
      said
     
     
      Thomson.
      “No
      more
     
     
      secrets!
      The
      code
     
     
      demands
      that
      the
     
     
      factory
      location
      must
     
     
      be
      made
      public.”
     
    

    
     
      The
      code
      of
     
     
      conduct
      is
      in
      the
     
     
      midst
      of
      being
      re-
     
     
      viewed
      by
      U
      of
      T
     
     
      administration.
      It
      will
     
     
      then
      be
      presented
      to
     
     
      the
      Governing
      Coun-
     
     
      cil
      meeting
      for
      possi-
     
     
      ble
      ratification.
     
    

    
     
      “We'd
      like
      to
      see
     
     
      U
      of
      T
      to
      play
      a
     
    
   
   
    
     
      iS
      CIPIIORIVLIEL)
     
    
   
   
    
     
      University
      does
     
     
      not
      have
      a
      handle
     
     
      on
      its
      “employ-
     
     
      ees”
      the
      way
      the
     
     
      private
      sector
     
     
      does.
     
    

    
     
      It
      is
     
     
      very
      easy
     
     
      for
      profes-
     
     
      sors
      to
     
     
      sign
     
     
      contracts
      without
     
     
      authorization
     
     
      from
      the
      univer-
     
     
      sity.
      It
      is
      also
     
     
      reasonable
      to
     
     
      assume
      that
      the
     
     
      corporate
      pres-
     
     
      ence
      on
      the
     
     
      Board
      of
      Gover-
     
     
      nors
      and
      in
      other
     
     
      areas
      of
      the
     
     
      University
      -
     
     
      Sony
      has
      a
      seat
     
     
      on
      the
      Music
     
     
      faculty’s
      curricu-
     
     
      lum
      committee
      —
     
     
      could
      threaten
     
    
   
   
    
     
      leadership
      role
      in
     
     
      adopting
      the
      first
     
     
      code
      of
      conduct
     
     
      in
      Canada,”
      said
     
     
      Thomson.
      —
     
    

    
     
      He
      adds
      his
     
     
      group
      is
      particu-
     
     
      larly
      critical
      of
     
     
      the
      university’s
     
     
      Vice-President
     
     
      (Development
     
     
      and
      University
     
     
      Affairs)
      Jon
     
     
      Dellandrea’s,
     
     
      who
      Thomson
     
     
      says
      has
      been
     
     
      inactive
      on
      the
     
     
      issue.
     
    

    
     
      Dellandrea
     
     
      was
      in
      San
      Jose
     
     
      on
      business
      and
     
     
      could
      not
      be
     
     
      reached
      for
     
     
      comment.
     
    

    
     
      But
      Barbara
     
     
      Dick,
      associate
     
     
      director
      of
     
     
      Alumni
      Rela-
     
     
      tions
      and
      speak-
     
    
   
   
    
     
      academic
      work
      at
     
     
      the
      university.
     
     
      Ottawa
      antici-
     
     
      pates
      a
      surplus
     
     
      ranging
      between
     
    
   
   
    
     
      (a)
      chapters.ca
     
    
   
   
    
     
      $65-$100
      billion
     
     
      over
      the
      next
      five
     
     
      years.
      If
      funding
     
    
   
   
    
     
      -
      for
      post-secondary
     
    
   
   
    
     
      education
      in-
     
     
      creases,
      a
      slight
     
     
      reversal
      in
      the
     
     
      commercialization
     
     
      trend
      is
      possible.
     
     
      Academics
     
     
      would
      receive
      more
     
     
      from
      granting
     
     
      agencies,
      but
      they
     
     
      would
      still
      be
     
     
      expected
      to
      col-
     
     
      laborate
      with
     
     
      companies
      on
      their
     
    
   
   
    
     
      ing
      on
      behalf
      of
      the
     
     
      U
      of
      T
      administra-
     
    
   
   
    
     
      _tion,
      recognizes
     
    
   
   
    
     
      sweatshops
      are
      a
     
     
      growing
      national
     
     
      and
      global
      concern.
     
     
      She
      maintains,
     
     
      however,
      that
      time
     
     
      is
      needed
      to
      delib-
     
     
      erate
      on
      the
      issue.
     
    

    
     
      “I
      suppose
     
     
      with
      any
      new
     
     
      policy,
      senior
     
     
      leadership
      has
      the
     
     
      responsibility
      to
     
     
      thoroughly
      con-
     
     
      sider
      it,”
      Dick
      said.
     
     
      “(But]
      it
      is
      not
     
     
      surprising
      that
      it
      is
     
     
      taking
      time.
      It
      is
     
     
      the
      responsible
      and
     
     
      reasonable
      thing
      to
     
     
      do.”
     
    

    
     
      Dellandrea
     
     
      was
      more
      emphatic
     
     
      when
      he
      spoke
      with
     
     
      The
      Varsity,
      the
     
     
      largest
      campus
     
    
   
   
    
     
      paperat
      YW
      qf,
      last
     
    
   
   
    
     
      Saga
     
    
   
   
    
     
      research.
     
    

    
     
      “T
      think
      that
      a
     
     
      university
      has
      to
      be
     
     
      able
      to
      serve
      the
     
     
      broadest
      commu-
     
     
      nity
      possible.
      It
      is
     
     
      moving
      towards
     
     
      serving
      the
      most
     
     
      powerful
      of
      the
     
     
      community:
      the
     
     
      corporate
      and
     
     
      wealthy
      sectors,”
     
     
      said
      University
      of
     
     
      Manitoba
      Professor
     
     
      Neil
      Tudiver.
     
    

    
     
      “We
      will
      lose
     
     
      a
      key
      resource
      of
      a
     
     
      democratic
      society
     
     
      if
      this
      continues.
     
     
      Without
      independ-
     
     
      ent,
      autonomous
     
     
      monitoring
      of
     
     
      industry,
      industry
      is
     
     
      free
      to
      do
      what
      it
     
     
      wants.”
      END
     
    
   
   
    
     
      July.
     
    

    
     
      “T
      myself
     
     
      would
      feel
      very
     
     
      uncomfortable
     
     
      wearing
      things
     
     
      made
      in
      a
      repres-
     
     
      sive
      work
      environ-
     
     
      ment,”
      he
      declared.
     
    

    
     
      But
      while
      he
     
     
      was
      clear
      on
      how
     
     
      he
      felt,
      he
      was
      less
     
     
      clear
      about
      what,
      if
     
     
      anything,
      should
      be
     
     
      done.
     
    

    
     
      “How
      do
      you
     
     
      consistently
      evalu-
     
     
      ate
      a
      manufacturer
     
     
      over
      14,000
      kilo-
     
     
      metres
      away?”
      he
     
     
      asked.
     
    

    
     
      Some
      critics
     
     
      believe
      this
      is
      a
     
     
      valid
      question
     
     
      when
      the
      evidence
     
     
      shows
      we
      are
     
     
      unable
      to
      evaluate
     
     
      manufacturers
      in
     
     
      our
      own
      backyard.
     
     
      END
      \.
     
    
   
   
    
     
      9
     
    
   
   
    
     
      nS