ylor who lives Just up 
     
    
   
   
    
     ontestation' and chal- 
     
     t basically, the ancient 
     
     and the ecclesiatical 
     
     early post conquest 
     
     ation. 
     
    

    
     taken place are within 
     
     he development in the 
     
     ral, quaint, traditional 
     
     Quebec that is now 78 
     
     ety in the process of 
     
     ing of administration, 
     
     3. It is all taking part 
     
     5 corporate society. 
     
     g, is not that the class 
     
     altered, but that with 
     
     ning of the status quo, 
     
     attern of relationships 
     
     790, modified again 
     
     d modified again in 
     
     serious r‘e-examma- 
     
     ience’ of English Ca- 
     
     the period of ‘contes- 
     
    
   
   
    
     bec are really social 
     
     i,se pense en francais, 
     
     , is a mistaken point 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     differences of ppinion 
     
     asses. You can t lump 
     
    
   
   
    
     ationalism in Quebec, 
     
     s. Then, there was a 
     
     as quite a phenomena. 
     
     white collar workers 
     
     da as a whole, only 10 
     
     orce is unionized. . In 
     
     rkers, civil seryants 
     
     ime, or their former 
     
    
   
   
    
     e always tended to put 
     
    
   
   
    
     ople dismiss the prob- 
     
     roblem of intellectuals, 
     
     ns of such white collar 
     
     Ouebec civil service. 
     
    

    
     workers, their leaders 
     
     lism. In their lifetime, 
     
     eaction with Duplessis 
     
     imng ‘our spoils’ from 
     
    
   
   
    
     nce on behalf of unions 
     
     . This has changed. In 
     
     ; during the early 60’s, 
     
     tdreau who were trying 
     
     1' granted, that is rela- 
     
     lian LabOur Congress, 
     
     flow. this autonomy' is 
     
     ication of the evolution 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     ok at 
     
    
   
   
    
     feeling than leaders of ' 
     
    
   
   
    
     What we have in fact, is a unity in duality of a struc— 
     
     ture, both social and economic and national that is a 
     
     product of a particular history in which ‘la conquéte 
     
     1760’ was combined with the fact the conqueror was 
     
     precisely the country in which took place the, industrial 
     
     revolution and the country which became the mistress 
     
     or the seas, the woritsnop ot the'world. The pattern with 
     
     the combined ascendancy of ‘ 1a classe mercantile 
     
     anglophone’ and a state machinery which was an ex- 
     
     tension of the imperial realm, we have inherited in 
     
     modified form. 
     
    

    
     If one compares the reports - today’s hi and hi, and 
     
     John Lambton and Lord Durham’s, there are truly re- 
     
     markable things that emerge from it. In 1790 Quebec 
     
     City, there were 37 merchants, four of whom were 
     
     French Canadian. In Volume 3 of the hi and bi report, 
     
     it is stated that Quebec outside Montreal, French Ca— 
     
     nadians consist of 93 per cent of the population, they 
     
     have only 20 per cent of the top managerial posts. 
     
    

    
     There is a continuity of structure from 1790 to 1970. 
     
     The mercantile society became an industrial society 
     
     and is now a corporate business structure. 
     
    

    
     John Porter defines an elite as that small group of 
     
     individuals that occupy the major decision making po- 
     
     sitions in the corporate institutions of the corporate 
     
     society. The number of French Canadian in this elite is 
     
     between six and seven per cent. 
     
    

    
     And, one might also add, that 73 per cent of Quebec 
     
     families earn under $4,000 dollars per year. 
     
    
   
   
    
     unchanging 
     
    
   
   
    
     labour 
     
    
   
   
    
     At the policy level of the unions prior to 1960, the 
     
     QFL in doctrine was more wary of nationalism than 
     
     the CNTU. It now takes for granted that it is in a sepa- 
     
     rate province which requires different services and 
     
     structures that are non-existant inthe other provinces. 
     
    
   
   
    
     The president of the CNTU (CSN) Marcel Pepin,a 
     
     propos to recent internal struggle this year, did suggest 
     
     that perhaps separatism was inevitable. This he said 
     
     in a non-fhostile fashion — which is again something new. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Michel Chartrand (president of the Montreal region 
     
     of the CSN) is not that far away from Marcel Pepin. 
     
     Neither members of the Parti Québecois (P.Q.) Char- 
     
     trand is more vocal about his nationalism. The P.Q. 
     
     is not as clear as he would like it to be on social issues. 
     
     The struggle between these two men within the CNTU 
     
     is largely an internal struggle within the union. It is 
     
     caused'by the friction between the pre-l960 members 
     
     which are found mainly outside Montreal, in the small 
     
     town rural areas, and in the construction trades; and 
     
     the civil service, urban element. It is a struggle that 
     
     you willnfind taking place in_many Quebec unions. Na- 
     
     tionalism in this case is not a dominant factor between 
     
     the two. r 
     
    
   
   
    
     Many people have talked about whether the problem in 
     
     Quebec is social or national. This is like the discussion 
     
     about the sex. of angels. The two cannot be separated. 
     
     Language has been a way whereby workers and lower 
     
     claoses have been exploited. It is a part of the social 
     
     lab. 1 of the land. It is just as impossible to separate 
     
     these two issues in Quebec as it would be to separate 
     
     the economic conditions of the blacks from the colour 
     
    
   
   
    
     of their skin. 
     
    
   
   
    
     9 ........ ..the CADRE 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     — Stanley R yerson