usually excavate; a hole in a live poplar. The Hairy often nests in live 
     
     poplar and the nest is usually 10 to 60 feet above the ground. The Downy 
     
     Woodpecker usually digs a nest Cavity lower down than the Hairy Woodpecker. 
     
     Both nest in live or dead trees. The Three-toed Woodpecker also builds in 
     
     dead or living trees, excavating a hole 2 to 20 feet off the ground. The 
     
     Pileated Woodpecker, which has been seen again here but not found nesting,' 
     
     usually selects huge dead trees and nests at a height of from 10 to 75 feet 
     
     above the ground. - ‘ - 
     
    

    
     Nine sparrows species nest on this island The Chipping Sparrow . 
     
     normally nests in trees, shrubs, or vines on a low limb.. The Song and Fox 
     
     Sparrows prefer to nest on the ground under cover but also uses low bushes and 
     
     trees.‘ The Savannah Sparrow nests on the ground in a very well concealed 
     
     hollow in dunes, fields, and grassier parts of bogs, barrens, and drier 
     
     marshes. The Vesper Sparrow chooses a similar nesting site but usually on poor 
     
     pastures or barren areas. The Lincoln's Sparrow nests on the ground in well 
     
     concealed plaCes in wet bushy pasture fields or in eastern larch or sphagnum 
     
     bogs. The Swamp Sparrow is aptly named preferring to nest in grass or sedge 
     
     .clumps or bushes over water. The Sharp-tailed Sparrow nests on the ground in- 
     
     meadow-like saltmarshes while the White-throated Sparrow usually selects a 
     
     ground nest or low level position under cover such as logging slash or a bush. 
     
    

    
     - The Northern Goshawk nests usually 
     
     ,i~.3 high in tree crotches or against the trunk 
     
     l’¢¢‘“\\$§.\ 4 on a heavy side-branch.- The Sharp-shinned 
     
     “'«I- Hawk usually builds its nests in conifer 
     
     7 trees from 9 to 65 feet up. The ' 
     
     {':§:§fi5~' Red-tailed Hawk nests in trees well up but_ 
     
     “ will use low ones and cliff edges in the 
     
     absence of high,trees. The Northern 
     
    
   
   
    
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     \\ ' Harrier or harsh Hawk nests in a marsh but 
     
     «~‘*;\) also uses woodland cutovers, young 
     
     ii 3 plantations, and fields. The Bald Eagle 
     
     OIWE‘ “‘x chooses large trees often near water and 
     
     . reuses its nest which may be from 18 to 80 
     
     .J} j! 'k‘ feet off the ground. 
     
    
   
   
    
     “Our nocturnal wise ones - the owls - choose a variety of nest sites. 
     
    

    
     The Great Horned Owl usually uses an old nest of a big bird or a natural tree 
     
     cavity. The Barred Owl prefers a tree cavity but will use a stick nest or the 
     
     top of a broken tree. The Long-eared owl likes to nest in abandoned crow 
     
     nests in conifer woodland although it also uses cavities and broken topped 
     
     -trees. While all three of these species will very occasionally nest on the 
     
     ground, the Saw-whet Owl, being so small, normally uses abandoned flicker 
     
     nests. _ . 
     
    

    
     Twenty-one warbler species nest_on P.E.I.' The Tennessee Warbler builds 
     
     on the ground in open habitat with a nest well concealed.‘ The Northern Parula 
     
     chooses a tree with a bountiful lichen in which it nests from 3 to 35 feet off 
     
     the ground. Quite a few of these warblers are arboreal. The'Black and White 
     
     Warbler situates a nest on the ground at the base of a small tree, rock, 
     
     stump, or log in a slight depression. The Nashville Warbler forms a nest well 
     
     concealed by small trees and moss in open woods. The Palm Warbler constructs 
     
     its nest on or near the ground in sphagnum bogs and barrens. The Ovenbird 
     
     places an arched nest among deciduous trees which act like a canopy. The 
     
     Northern Waterthrush chooses a wet area where it builds on or near ground 
     
     which has deciduous tanglements. It chooses a stump, roots of fallen trees, 
     
    
   
   
    
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