‘ ' @o natal”

AND

. eta—ll h. ‘ *

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND ADVERTISER. ‘i-

“4

CHARLOTTETOWN, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 18, 1841.

[some

President; but the Government he was in search of depended upon a victory which eventually happened to be a defeat. However, the upshot was, Mr. Stephens rode the wholelength of Central America, turning aside to examine any natural curiosity or ruined work of art; surveyed the line of canal that had been planned to connect Lake Nicaragua with the Paciﬁc, cuttiiia his way through the wood; was present at the last cantest, which seems likely to establish anarchy in the state of Guatemala, he and his party being the sole occupants ofa town 'in which the “ aﬁ'air” was fought out, except the clergy, and people whose age or inﬁrmity prevented their running away. Arrived again at Guatemala, the victorious Government Were too much afraid of their military protector even to ask Mr. Stephens for his cre- dentials: and he departed, taking his return through the Northern part of Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan, in Order to visit the ruined aboriginal cities of Palenque and Usinal. The following are some extracts from the work :v-., SIGHT OF THE T.“'0 OCEANS.

Beyond this we came into an open region, where nothing but cedar and thorns grew;and here 1 saw whortleberries for the ﬁrst

LITERATURE.

. CENTRAL AMERICA. 3', ‘ dent: of Travel in Control ﬂmericu, Chiaprts, and Yucatan. . 'By John L. Stephens, .duthor of “ Incidents of Travel in Egypt,

ﬂrabia Petrim, and the Holy Land,” «Src. gm. Illustrated by ,uumerous engramngs. 1/12 vols.

i ‘ Mr. Stephens is favourably known. to the English “diading public, for some lively, rattling,off-hand Ins ’ ms of Travel in Egypt, ASIa Minor, Russm, &c.. ,‘h have attained the unproﬁtable honour of two or . I «'ian reprints from the American edition. . ., .sntral America, Chiapas, and Yucatan, the regions W Stephens explored, form the greatest part of that ﬁg {1' irregularly-shaped neck of land which unitesDthe Americas, terminating on the North in *Mexyco, d on the South just excluding the Isthmus of Darien. hose who have not a modernmap at hand, will form idea oftheir position by hearing that they lie on the "* “ ainland opposite to the West Indies. Chiapas nominally W 8‘ ings to Mexico; so did Yucatan, but had just set up

‘self when Mr. Stephens got there. The pOlillGal ~ I' lime in Central America. In that wild region there was a charm

4 _ iition oquatemala or Central America may behi- gwﬁmnd from the fact that our antimi- was an accredited in seeing any thingthat was familiar to me at liome,and Isliould Iﬁgﬂpst of um United stares, and iraVelled with his cre- perliapzhave become sentimental, but they were hard and taste- . . . ' . ‘ o'uoh the css. s We .rosewe entered a region ODCIOIHIS; very soon they- gentials’and a dlplnm’illc erSs coat. all ill?) ,a able became so thick that we could see nothing; the ﬁgures ofour i .‘Punlry In search of a government, Without enlg ' own party were bardydistinguishahle, and we lost all hope of ﬁnd one, ’ any view from, the tip ofthe volcano. Grass still grew, and we |25:11Yucatan is an alluvial ﬂat, without rivers or springs; fliScended tillwe :gl‘l‘ted a bid; ofbalrren sand apd llavg; an'l Illere. . , . ~ 0 our gren Joy, merger roni tie region 0 c on s cm saw . . in lar e . . , .i , . ﬁnd the “ﬁller Of the ramy seas?" ls preierzefd d ,. g . the tap 0f the vlocam, Witliouta va our upon it,seeming to min- Woks, whichb has caused a customs klnlf 0h 63 {if lsm - gln \INIIIII; the cleiur blgtasky; and att int early hour the sun was e Indians eing too improw cut to ta (e ee or . e not iig enougl to y upon its lop. ' h i orrow, render suit and service to the irreat Spanish Mr-Lavyyé’y‘c‘: W‘ll‘vl'lﬂg fxerlltfddhimself'li‘n Walkingilay d‘b’W" , , . . - - “ - to rest an tie 00 mm wa (c on. he crater was a out w h water 3 , . . _ 7 roprietors, on.condition of being supplged (i; 1. two muesm qlrcumremce, mm am, broken by “me or some d are 0’1 SHIP“ “q?”B mStead {ﬁg e m' uatema a great CflUVUlSloniﬁl‘f’ lIgments stood high, bare, and grand as ' d Chiapas have much more varied features. i‘iiountnins,nnd wrtliiilrprethree 0,. (our mane, 0mm”, we WIﬁAlihough the Andes have not in these couritries the ,, gigantic character they possess in South America, they “else to a height sufﬁcient in the high table-lands to form

ascended on the Silulliide by aridge running east and west till _‘ ‘ ' temperate climate——a perpetual Spring With”) the at“)

“a. -

glut

sill

“’9 real’lleﬁl 5‘ hlgl‘ POl', at which there was an immense gap in

“‘9 0mm" ""POSS'l’le t‘eross. The lofty point on which we

Stoml W“? Perfﬂﬁly "leatlie atmosphere was oftransparent purity;

Md holfmglheyond l,“£gi0n (if desolation below us, at a dis-

' ‘ i - ‘3 “"0 1 "St I feet tli wl l 0 tr v as cover-

. merous active volca lance“? P “3P5 mi e we c un y if . . _

, topics' I“ ‘he lofuer ranges if“ - - t -n them ed With clouds, and the (Y at the foot ofthe volcano wasmvismle. ummgoes are found ; mineral wealth is said to was i I , k pd of course there is a British Company engaged bm m ﬁg‘xhuming it; the loftiest mountain-peaks are sterile, utr Mathilost other parts ofthe sdl are fertile in vegetationti

ftlnﬁimry kind; the plains and vallies teem With the T3“

By degrees the more dlsnt clouds were lifted, and over the im- mense bed We saw at lllsame moment the Atlantic and Paciﬁc xuriance of the Tropics; the table-lands Pmduce the

Oceans. This “’35 llle sud spectacle we had hoped. but scarec- ly expected to bBlIOld. v companions had ascended the volcano several times, but on 306m ofthe clouds had only seen the two seas once before. The Pits at which they were visible were the inlftifNiltO)'ﬂﬁnd llharbour ofSiin Junri, not directly op-

iore ' . . , . >e0'etables fruits and orain of a temperate clime; and POSll‘libUt “early at "lg!" tzles to each other, so we saw them Pll t bet veeii the hiahest and lowest points of vece- Wlll’m" “""mv‘l "'9 bmly'l" a right line 0"” the NPS “flhc " S ml ‘ — ‘ . i . H ' ' . neitl' er was mo . ' i ' . . ‘ an: i hmh depends mountains 1 than twenty miles (list'inl, and horn

d, "i tiou, almost every plant can be grown w

on climate only. The great natural . - uatemala however is the all but ready-made COH- lWO Seasﬁmdl ranked thitght wuh tliose mostinteresting oc- "” a . ' i i ‘

the great height at which ‘stood they seemed almost at our feet.

advantage 0 It is the only point in the irld which commands a view ofthe

En ii ' ' ' ‘ The great “ﬁlm‘s When fl'llm llle WP rVlount Sinail looked out upon the flail! -‘ 4:0“ (ngthe ANN)“; “Pd PaolffegZZagzbth of ﬁfteen Desert 0fArabia, ﬁnd-li-Om lunt Hor I saw the Dead Sea. ' a e 0 icaragua avmg an . . ‘ . ‘ ‘ V n w ' h ' 'th' sixteen miles of the Paciﬁc; the only , THE “Rfuhyi Tm. Corlivrny. Clam“ RV oms’ ‘8 W] m i I the river San Juan Vie had brought the Silla \i] "5 merely as a measure orpyecnu. Y ‘

own outlet of this inland sea is tion , witl‘ioutm'uch eXpectat of'being obliged to use‘it; but at a ‘ 'viﬁahle for craft drawing four feet water, to the At- steep pitch, which made my_id almostburst tothinkofclimbing, 1' 06951" in despite ofrapids, and capable of being [resorted to it for the ﬁrst ty, [1 was a largeyclumsv mmmhﬂir’ IC A 4 .

i . .mr 4W, ther with wooden a n str-m q. The Indian

‘rg_v(=.d~.’f9y the passage'nf shipsrwAr~rrrCrvpnt Vi- w niglnmhﬁr‘ u rice is cafrled 0“ upon “us remarkath hne 0 “a man ﬁve feet Se‘feni Very l! but synlnietricalll',ﬂirmed. A ' ‘ i i ' l t lmost hé said that nothing. ﬂoats “I’ml bark strap was tied-to the arrpfﬂm Chan-J am! mmngdown, he no “2‘ a l (I ntr and stable Placed llls baCk “galnsulm b“ofthe chair, adpisted the length ‘ however, as sen e 00“ y (I ital- “f the “ringsi and smomhl’d \bark across his forehead With a gen men, ca“ {we security to commerce an :3? ‘ little cushion to rctievetlie pram, .An Indian nu each Side ' ' to see?“ llllS walef‘lme w‘ll be t 6 sea lifted it up; and the carrier rosy, his feet, smnd Sui] “moment, i it Is eagv whether it Will ever answer threw me up once or I.\Vl(‘el0'8“ me m, his shoulders~ and set,

an extensive tranSit-trade . and supersede “ﬁ‘ With one ml!" on 53"“ sl‘le-‘iwas great relief; biitI could

’rera’s wife.

amazed at the immense bull he had set in motion, was so embar-

. Vowing vengeance, he commenced a buccaneering or partisan warfare at the head of a few followers, who gradually increased in number; and under the advice ofa proﬁignte priest, he issued pro: clamations, demanding, among other things, a return to old usages and customs. In the mean time, dissensions broke out among the party in power. One faction rose against their quondam friends; the aristocratic party, or such of them as were left, either remaining quiescent or joining the rebels. Carrera was applied to by the weaker; and thus waslaid the foundation of his rapid advance, through the internal dissensions of the Spa- niards, and their want of spirit and power of combining together to resist, when resistance was almost sure of success. The strange mixture of native energy, passion, and intelligence in Currera’s character, with the native simplicity and ignorance of an uneducated Indian, strongly contrasting with his position—as well as the strange events in his career, and the steps by which be attained his power-must be read in Mr. Stephens’s volumes. But we will take one passage—his ﬁrst entry into Guatemala, when the insurgent inhabitants of

Antigua, despairing ofsuccess, had called upon Carrera to jom them.

CARRERA’S ENTRANCE INTO GUATEMALA.

“On \Vednesday, Currcrajoined the rebels. He had sent his cmissnrics to the villages, rousing the Indians, and promising them the plunder oquatemala; and on Thursday, with a tumul- tiious mass of half-naked savages, men, women, and children, estimated at ten or twelve thousand, presented himself at the gate ofthe city. The [rebel] Antiguanos themselves were struck with consternation, and the citizens of Guatemala were thrown into a state bordering on distraction."

Efforts at negotiation failed.

“In the mean time, Carreru’s hordes were advancing. The commandant ofthe Antigiians asked him if he had his masses divided into squares or companies; he answered, ‘ No entiendo nndu de eso. Tedo es uno.‘ (‘I don’t understand any thing of that. It is all the same.’) Among liisleaders were Monreal and other known outlaws, criminals, robbers, and murderers. He himself was on horseback, with a green bush in his hat, and hung round with pieces ofdirty cotton cloth covered with pictures of the saints. A gentleman who saw them from the roofo his house, and who was familiar with all the scenes of terror which had taken place in that unhappy city, told me that he never felt such consternation and horror as when he saw the entry ofthis immense mass of barbarians; choking up the streets, all with green buslics in their hats, seeming at a distance like a moving forest; armed, with rusty muskets, old pistols, fowling-pieccs, some with locksand some without; slicks formed into the shape ofniuskets, with tin-plate locks; clubs, mticlictcs. and knives tied to the ends oflorig poles; and swelling the multitude were two or three thousand women, With sacks and iilforgas for carrying away the plunder. Many, who had never left their villages be- fore, looked wild at the sight ofthe houses and churches, and the magniﬁcence ofthe city. They entered the plaza, vociferating ‘ Viva la religion, y muerto a los strangeros ! ’ Carrera himself,

riissed that he could not guide his horse. He afterwards said that be was frightened at the difﬁculty of controlling this huge and disordein mass. Tlietraitor Barundia. the leader ofthe Opposi-

We have no wish to undervalue the grounds the citi- zens had for their panic, or to defend the atrocities the Indians, from the seizure 'ofGeneral Prem’s uniform- coat up to the, sacking of the house of Senor Flores.‘ At the same time, looking at the doings of civilized. soldiers when they take towns—Badajoz and St. Sebasé’ tian, for example—and bearing in mind the personal injuries which their Indian leader had'suffered, We doubt whether Carrera with his “ hordes” ‘ might not be safe!“ Visuantsof a city than Wellington and his, heroes, or’ any other Marshal ofthem all. ' I

EDUCATION—LETTER TO A YOUNG TEACHER.

(F ram Dunn’s Normal School Manuali)

TIIE PLEASAN'I‘NESS 0F TEACHING. ~

“ Most persons,” says Sir Walter Scott, “‘must have witnessed with delight, the joyous burst which attends the dismissing of a village school on a ﬁne summer, even- ing. The buoyant spirit of childhood, repressed with so much difﬁculty during the tedious hours of discipline, may then be seen to explode, as it were, in shout, and song,'and frolic, as the little. urchins join in groups on their play-ground, and arrange their matches ofsport for the evening. But there is one' person who partakes of the relief afforded by the moment of dismission, whose feelings are not so obvious to the eye ofthe’spec- tator, or so apt to receive his sympathy. I mean the teacher himself, who, stunned with the hum, and suffo-' cated with the closeness of his schoolroom, has-spent. the whole day (himself against a host) in controlling petulance, exciting indifference to action, striving to enlighten stupidity, and labouring to soften obstinacy; and whose very powers ofintellec‘t have been confound- ed by hearing the same dull lesson repeated ahundred times by rote, and only varied by the various blunders of the reciters. If to these mental distresses are added a delicate frame of body, and a mind ambitious of some' higher distinction than that of being the tyrant of‘childu hood, the reader may have some slight conception of the relief which a solitary walk in the cool of a ﬁne summer evening affords to the head- which has ached,: and the nerves which have been shattered, forfsoimnny hours, in plying the irksome task'of public instrucm tion.” . ' 7 What a picture! The “ tyrant of childhood” mak» ing his escape from the dulness and noise, the heat and suffocation, the tears and punishment of his wretched empire! Who, with such a prospect before him, would be a school-master? If this touching and graphic de- scription, so true to nature, must be realized by the teacher, what strange mockery to speak of the pleasantn' ness of teaching! Happily for our purpOse, however,

tion, the Cataline ofthis rebellion, rode by his side on his entry

into the plaza. ,

“ At sun-down the whole multitude set up the Salve, or Hymn

to the Virgin. The swell of human voices ﬁlled the air, and

made the hearts of the inhabitants quake with fear. Carrera

entered the Cathedral ; the Indians, in mute astonishment at its -~ A .

tiful altar the uncoiiih images of their viiiage ..

broke into the house of General l’i'em, and seized a uniform coat, richly embr0idered with gold; into which Carrera slipped his arms, still wearing his Sli'ﬂW-llﬂl‘ﬂ’l’llll its green hush. A watch was brought him, but he did not know the use ofit. Probably, since tlieinvasion of Rome by Alaric and the Goths, no CIVilized citv was ever visited by such an inundation ofbarbarinns.

:‘ Arid Carrcra alorie had power to control the wild elements around him. As soon as possible, some ofthe authorities sought him out, and in the most abject terms begged him to state on

"n Ken' ' full expectations Of SﬂnEmne men’ d e and feel every movemenl. 6V9“ 1" llltaiiing ofhis chest. The ascent "5“ H rn is th‘y questionable, as regal. 5 coars . was oneofthe steepest on the we romp 1,, a few mmuies he s coffeel“ De. 0 . d't" s Sml’l‘ml al‘d 59‘“ (mm a 50"“d u§witli Indian carriers,between POI") " commqﬁlcgiit' counlry capable of Supplying the a whisp? iindda blow,lnllwt:jiy‘s(pait ire my eatrs, liqthpylh‘lsllml . -‘ ‘5 maqm ’ ' . i “i' - ‘ ' a marts never e tso isagreeaie c i‘e..v ace was iirner in l. , "e' m if ole world with tropmal l’md‘me ‘f we e’uSlm-‘i bi Icould, not see where he Was gmout observed that ille'Intllﬁn PM” 0 . , Eh barrenness‘ is thinly peopled, misera I On the left fell back. Not to.encr‘\ ,he him,“- Of‘Pnnymg me, h“ “in V re Sun“ ( WI h rnduclions crown upon the SW“, I sat as still as possible; but in a Vminmes‘ lonkmg over. {my I ‘Atllmll‘l‘ r m a“ ex'cerpt f'nzldivisions which have nearly de- shoulder, snwlthatwg \;‘Vel:iﬂprl:l'0ii‘igl tlge edge of ap;c;]c;p[::e ‘ l) m 9“ l " ' ' , more than a t ioiisan en tee . ie ociime very ._ s an“, d ,d to‘ii'n Ybanished the more respectablc families, and m dismount;but I could not spealtamgiblyg and ii”, [ndmns ii I "Dye or i I overnment imPOSS'ble- ‘ve ' have could or would not understand migns. My carrier moved lo? a i i m m Tamer g f th 'r anS‘ indeed, excel)! alorio' carefully with his left footﬁrtpeling that the, stone on bin,“ 2" and seen the nature 0 ‘8' h ,re a rock f0un- whidh lie putit down was steady ﬂeciire before he brought 3" by": the Vicinity of the large towns, w. e h min“ as up the other, and by degrees, after hicnlar careful movement, ' ' ' ' ' rl9 lhere ‘5 no sue. a A a' loth feet u within half-1,) ofthe cdge’ofthe preci- m es a mu rea y "la i brou ht ) p , ll“) ,. tron giv .. v f the country the picépsmpped, and gave a realm WI, and mow. , rose and

‘ “road; and on the, main track 0

" i ' a . idzggvetler maynde for W" n”

fell with every breath, felt his hodynbling under me, and his knees seemed giving way. The [nice was awful, and the slightest irregular movement on my” might bring us. both down together. I would have glitch) a release in full tor the rest ofthe journey to be off his back; he started again, and with the same care ascended sevetulys, so close to the edge that even on the back ofa mule it w have been very uncom- fortablc. in fear lest he slioiililgbr.r down or stumble was excessive. To my extreme relief lhdh turned away; but I had hardly congratulated inyselflipoitescﬂpe, before he de.

hree days without meeting even a settler; and the merely a collection of hovels ings there areiin the country

-- ‘ ‘ from the ﬁrst period of the Spanish conquest.

‘ l ' l-con- ‘ ‘ ' ‘ t. hens was sent on a specia 0 this land Mbyshii). Van Buren, in October, 1339.

account, when he had

village. sometimes without

' ages . are in general. what substantial build

-'itial mission,

- "wn . » v v.1 drif liberl to travel 0" ms 9 - ' arentl , dad a few ste s. This was mitt V e than ascen in . I uczeeded or failed for the_P“bllc‘ APP " any iiiee’fellim‘lhlng “Euldkeep me ml" g “er his head: bat I i s h (I been studying the idescnptmns- - } remained till he put me down of his 0\ cord. ,The poor fel- ,,{. , " Stephens _ a “a d others on the abort—‘2‘“? ,Wwas wet with perspirationﬁndtrerlgin every limb. Aim. which -. quisitions by ~Hllmb?tht, ag‘mtry for’meriy included rm may stand ready to takel me up, butII hﬁéi enouglly pawimg “93' * I‘ anti iiitieso e c .5, .. . n1 fumsiort time.- tiv enouw to see pm ‘Wed n;‘::i100' flir he encrﬂ‘led M" Ca‘h$:°",d;oanrrai:iidé iriiililalri’tiiilirig viiitha dead-wbeiglitgn lilhk mm? to feel lillm ‘ ' i ‘ ‘ l ’ ‘ q ' ' rne . e ‘ , ‘ -one’s own 0 y. 881 )l breathin see He ("'9‘ ,. acCOmpany him 0“ his. in“ ly ent of HonduraS; "emblmgl‘l‘lﬁ‘own'him, and feel the 1mm; ofthegposition, all)“ ,rpd direct to the British sett Elm decesgor of the swgnt Irfiﬁlriilriéhde ofunvellmg which nub,” consmut‘ional . try _ - , “hoe like Mr. Monthel‘y, it: poreizabef the port Eigeisngnd insensibility could ending... g,“ rmhe, cum], .1 .‘ ’ Q ' atist steame f . i . ‘ - - often to rest,an ri hell it was ata all“; ,, 3. before, the (ESTER, Onhis journey, .\he. heard iggéﬁigogpingﬁyerleyached a thatched shed“) we wished m ’l’ to?“ ' : ""ammahl t lie-'of'governmer'its in: the country; Stop for tlie night; butthm was “0 wam '" i ' there were 8'69"? 1 ms either dejure “def-“to! Althouah iiian‘lltonl‘eiskemmS all! war and its d V which had the beat cdaecid’e AHWe-d at the city or eﬁems hatie an imrin'sic interest, thelimerest ofihe ' ‘ . ' . i - y . . . y . ' ad I , | no easy matter ,htgns, (amid the Government driven historical passages of My. :Stephens 3k arises from l“ . temala. Mr- Step accredited m, but some expected the peculiar; character of this revoluy—an ignorant no!!!“ which he had been. army be people Who were Indian domineering over the countryliout even the nu“ ould “turn With 119‘ imed to be the true Govern- s“ ht regard to forms under which actor generally ,- lo ,, most, ofvcourse, c “haddoubts about the fact; the veiglshis power; not, it would appearpi any Willing (all i - but Mr. Stephens . “any sceptical, With Plam‘ d. e 'ard of White “sages, but srmplgm not know- ." “golf ,7 hcongul-Geneuliwas‘e‘l if the government was Vlsifuer fern/1,; Stephens thinks tip means well, 01! “I” " cab, for he wrote Ito k‘gre Was‘a militarY'adven' ﬂaijnuyd‘a‘oﬁ rightly if he kneil ho rreta, for 50 I I i I - - ‘ “5 . . ' ' v’ . I . ' men“? and If It wefeéte' hens theréfol’e dett'm‘“ . he is named, W35 ongmally a df‘lm'b’ov “he ansdo f". dictator over it. MrcG Emmet,“ at 'St. Salvador . 6mm) party ;ibut retiring in di ust t, a revolution “"3" . “Emma the Other r02; for.tlie..W3y5 Were Seseli placed therLiberalS. upperfnosh e P'glilmiiie it! 9 “new d'mculty ‘I {his owns. Who ﬂeece- ia The measures of the dominant rtY “We” 0 h it new emleman With _a ﬂag 0 “mu, “ward to politics. church coup,“ with thledevtlsld1 its oicholera, e i ‘ fee that fell in his Way! WI Freno vesse i Wh‘ch h ed ’of foreigners, and the ‘ “3‘19 ‘he Clergy’ r9"! v ilv however, the captain of a ‘ ‘and jdumera _d_ . atr d mealnaians to rise an 558;, “hoamera ’ w ‘ i ﬁliét‘ salvador’ had mlde scoped-"by riding mdlﬁcebead ofthose ofhis districtthey: red several day a v ' hunted for his life, haying on Y :mainous cQuntr‘y; a; tthee aumorities‘ and, cm m Pie 5 a pa‘ent to treat me . ‘ miles in one day lhrough 8‘ m-o ‘De NWT-elm o ‘ i them Defeated by the Goimmeiool’s’ them- iﬁrci ,, of unveiling in Central America; ~s‘hip merely to Wilt i s wet-e scatterqd’ the“ vain, bur and among Wm.” “oﬁ'a native courier to order up ‘5 ' se've V 5 I"?r edaon Car-

s as- and offered Mr.:btepbe.ns

f .d a ' other exnessesrlhelasl' 0""436 t can * _ , . . . . ntures,.be at his .

'him back again?- , Alter-many’nd'e l

I I z t

what conditions he would evacuate the city. He demanded the deposition of Galvez, the chief ofthe state, all the money, and all the arms the Government could command. The priests were the only people who had any inﬂuence with him; and. words cannot convey any idea of the awful state ofsuspepse which the city siiﬂ‘vred,‘dreading every moment tovlicpr the Signal given for general pillage and massacre. The inhabitantsshut themselves up in their houses; which, being built of stone, With iron balconies to the windows, and doors several inches thick, reSisted the as- saults ofstraggling parties; but atrocities more than enough were committed, as it seemed. preliminary to a general sacking. The Vice-President of the Republic was murdered; the house of Flnrt’s. :1 Deputy, sacked, his mother knocked down by a villain with the but of a musket, undone of his daughters shot in the arm with two'balls. . g , “ The house ofMessrs. Klee, Skinner and Co., the principal foreign merchants in Guatemala, which was reported to contain ammunition and arms, was several times attacked With great fero- city: having strong bnlcoriied windows, a.nd_the doors being secu- red by bales ofmerchandise piled up Williln,it resisted the as- saults ofnn undisciplined mob, armed only With clubs, muskets, knives, and machetes. The priests ran. through ‘the streets hear- ing the cruciﬁx in the nanie ofthe Virgin and saints, restraining lawless Indians, stilling the wildness of passion, and savmg the terriﬁed inhabitants. . ’ ‘_ “ Pendingi the negotiation, Carrera, dressed in Prem s uniform, endeavoured to restrain his tumultuous followers; .but several times he said that he could not himself resist the temptation to sack Klee’s house, and those ofthe other Ingleses. Theije was a strange dash offiinaticism iii the character of this lawless chief-I rain. The battle-cry of his hordes was “Viva la- religion! The palace ofthe Archbishop had been suﬁ'ered to be used as a theatre by the Liberals; Carrera demanded the keys, and putting them in his pocket, declared that, to prevent any further pollution, it should not be opened again until the banished Archbishop re- i ned to how it. ' . u ‘2‘ At length life terms upon‘which he consented to withdraw were agreed upon,—~viz. eleven thousand dollars in silver, ten thousand to be distributed ,ainongliis followers and one thousand for his own share, a thousand muskets, and a commission as Lieu- tenant-Colonel for nimself. The amount of money was small as the price ofrelieffrom such imminent danger, but it was anl im- mense sum in the eyes of Carreia undliis followers, few ofw iom were worth more than the rags on their backs and the stolen arms in their hands: and it was not easily raised; the treasury wgis bankrupt, and the money was not very.cheerﬁillypomrlbuted yf the citizens. The madness of consenting to put in the hands 0 Carrera a thousand muskets was only equalled by the absurdity of making him a Lieutenant-Colonel. . , “ 0n. the afternoon of the third day the money was paid. the

it need not be realized ; the tyrnany and .tears, the dul- ness and the distraction, may all be dispensed with ;= and enjoyments of the highest and purest kind, mutually, shared by the teacher and the taught, be made to occu- py their places. It is thus with some,-and therefore it

a . . , ~ _ _ every other situation in life; and if these conditions

not observed, neither peace nor comfort can be lbund" :

within its precincts. Permit me to enumerate some of them. ~ ,- ' 1 The ﬁrst is, ABILITY TO covan BY MORAL MEANS. In a school it is of course necessary to resolve to rule ; but this is not all that is necessary. Children are, to i. much greater extent than is generally gupposed, reason- able and intelligent beings; they are 'just as ,muohs inﬂuenced by motives as adults: and they must he go» verned very much in the same way. Now,.ifa teacher, disregarding this obvious truth, insists. upon .. ruling simply by the exercise of blind and brute. force, lievmust' expect to reap the reward of his fully in the uneasiness, vexation. and perplexity which such a'course vivill in-‘ evitably bring upon him. Nor is thisall. By sodoin'g, 4 he at once chokes up the spring of some of the highest: enjoyments of which the human mind' is susceptible; All men love power, especially moral power." The ex- ercise of this kind of power, or what we callinﬂuena; is universally grateful ; the intensity, the exquisite'riessi' of the enjoyment depending upon the number ohmindd‘ which can be inﬂuenced; the perfection or-id'ominanb character of the inﬂuence itself; and the difﬁculties which have been surmounted,——the skill that has been exercised,-——the amount of mind which has been brought to bear, in its attainment. “It is this,” says MuAbbot,’ “ which gives interest to the plans and- operations .of human governments. They can do little‘by r actual force. Nearly all the power that is held even‘by :thp most despotic executive,- mustbe based on an admt: management of the principles .of human nature, so taste lead men voluntarily to co-operate with the ruler m his lans.” Now this particular kind of gratiﬁcation, the able teacher enjoys in the highest perfection. school is the ﬁeld of his enterprise; in proportion to. his skill and ingenuity in managing human iiature,.is.the extent of his success; and in that success he.ﬁndsf an immediate and rich reward. “To lead, simply/by the power of his own mind, a hundred other minds in; wil- ling captivity ; to turn the very waywardnessand rest- lessness of childhood to the accomplishment of his own matured plans and purposes; and to. do all this, without crushing the buoyancy of one‘spirit, or checking the ﬂow of natural gladness ; inany one heart, is a triumph and a joy, abundantly compensating ‘the toil and. care by which it has been effected. These few Jamal!”1 "'5

muskets delivered, and Carrera Was inveSted. with the Command

the inhabitants at the prospect ofliis immediate departure was without bounds; but at the last moment an awful rumour spread, that the wild bands had evinced an uncontrollable eagerness be- fore leaving, to sack the city. A random discharge of muskets

in the plaza conﬁrmed the rumour, and the effect was dreadful. An hour of terrible suspense followed; but at ﬁve o clock they ﬁled oﬁ'in straggling crowds from the plaza. another panic.

would return and take it by force.

he left the city.”

ofthe province ofMita, a district near Guatemala. The joy of 5”

A‘ “‘8 Plaza de an hour is a co-worker with God.” Toros they halted, and ﬁring their muskets in the air, created A rumour was revived that Carrera had (llama;- e . , dad four thousand doum more, and iii-(1:236:ridgeil‘ciﬁldiictiiidly heavenly principle under circumstances of great outward return, and demanded a ﬁeld piece, -which‘was:g_iven him; and at length, leaving behind him a dOCument requiring the redrests main where there ofcert‘ain grievances, to the unspeakable Joy ofull the inliabitan 5 reason is obvious.

govern by moral means. ‘The-whole subject of go. vernment will come under notice in my next letters L . The second condition of happiness in a, school 13 BENEVOLENCE. That was a beautiful sayingwofHDr, Dwight “ He that makes a little child Iiappmjjor half a ’ It precisely ex- , s kit which pervades. the bosom ofa happy $53.25.. thI have sometimes observed the workingof this

One wonders that aman .sliculd, ,i'e- was so little to :cheer him. The He loves his. workjust becath

discouragement.

1,4,5, . .. I ,

as '

ﬁiciently explain what I understand by the ability ‘0 '