THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN MARCH. 31. 1928

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OQ-Q-O-OO-GO-

WEST CQAST |ND|ANlthe salmon, according to the tradi-l’ ART EXH|BlT tlonal founder of the family, before, Modern

whose house the pole stands. There

. -—i - is a marked contrast between the ‘Specially Written for The Guardlanlwork of the north and the south. o Their traditions and aims differ: the superior skill and imagination of the Haidas. the Tsimsyan and the Tllngil of’ the north is seen in both Q- sbhffuldi a 1'31"‘ ‘gways 51mm, thtacmlvmg “nd the weaving wl-"vikrnlfefullglwlilytllsorggrdless of wile are told that "their style was, - f- , ~- ' ' smooth, elaborate and refined. Their 11191‘ b91111! lmmduced 1° a w°mfm most accomplished artists have left_ 01‘ 1° a man- 3 works of art that count among the t Q-bggli’ 1011s 1118i’ I119 frlelidly 19F, outstanding creations of mankindin 91‘ - l the sphere of plastic or decorative‘ A. It may be as lvns as time and beauty. The southern tribes, on inclination permit. l l l i b d I m the other hand, coulili not boast of Q. Is it a breach oft courtfisyt to; ‘ cans iavng een ma e rom e like refinement." Tleir represen- show a- lock o interes in w a is collections at the National Museum. tations are more grotesque and con- being told one? ‘ lll!‘ ROY8l 011M110 Museum. thvwentiollal. the features contorted A, Yes. it is one that is all too Museum of McGill University, andoften and belonging more to Cllflrvqlplngn; n) ht- a good listener t,‘ from the Canadian Handicraft Guildjcilture than sincere realism. The‘ just as mum, m. mi as in no a good and Mr. Burbeairs own collectiolrgdillcreilce between the north ulltl‘sp,,uk,.r_ ' We cannot yet estimate the great south is fundamental. racial, and .s.__-<o>-_-- servici- that Mr. Bllrbeuu and illinnncicnt, the south being either de» ,,,.,,,,,,,,,..,_,,,,,,,,,

inrtists who worked with illmllnve-‘eiident or more primitive than tln- _ _ Daily Selections cording \\.‘l‘li\l.. is still extant oi‘ the were great corner posts and hugi" ‘will take u definite place as one Ollpcrtlng the beams above. Here is 4ooeoawowe-eo-eo vooveeepo ' _' ' - _ ‘_ ‘ f I I‘. llllllllllllllflgmxvl the lnost valuable of Canadas ar- a large nluriah painting on wood Much 31' 1928- M I.’ I i," . ‘ U!‘

By By ROBERTA. LEE llelen Marshall llunt.

There is an exhibition in the Mon- treal Art Gallery at present show- ling the art-and through the art. ‘the life—of the West Coast Indians 'of Canada. Tile exhibition has been lbroughl. together largely through .the efforts of Mr. Marius Barbeau. ’of the Archeological Department of the National Museum at Ottawa;

lworld at large in salvaging and re- Other objects carved of" cedar _ _ _ _ __ Guardian Readers uni-slime rave- Tliis primitive iirl stood in the comlnullul houses sup-

: i i : I

rendered to Canada and to the more hlghlydevoloped north.

FOR arts and ccrclnonials of‘ this flisviigurtf with. outstretched urmswllicii tistic productions, and will without with a long projecting beak, the

Once a lawyer interrupted Choate naturally?" he inquired suavely.‘gwlzfiaisngzligedgg}? “:32: fifllégeltiln; lgyilséialillgeflzgifrfiztngi GENEROSITY — withhold not: ‘ ., I in the midst of a patent. case to “Naturally? We dolrt do allythingl5,.,...;,,,o,, may m. vahmbi}. n, tn]- u pm-tltlnrl in n fflflsillhougpl behind good fronl them to whom it is iluu‘, v . g , ' .» , ,. h h t“ _ Ynmligalllqlkvxhy ‘lgluntny a msnlethnologist win-n lN‘ iromes tostlldy which wore hidden sacred and l~lLii-,l\"11"é1 l1 l: 111 llrll‘ llflwcl‘ of tlnni" - w‘ , > ~ ., . , . .. Q _>

‘ 9P9. b 919's I10 111;; lJl‘lE"\V0ll we. own 1c- s rent with lSitnc» significance of its similarity to - is ic histories. Oni- sees curv- "l" 1“ l" 11*‘ l'“"'- 311371 1 1 mil 111 V0111‘ P9191112 Y0l1l‘ 9119111 111111111111111100115 011!" ltllat oi‘ other races fill" removed in in rulliei oi‘ huge d0\lbl0-l)€fl.lll'.(l l 2 not come by ft naturally." 1 The laughter that followed ob-lgnnoo nnri in time, wt» are told in-n, mlmsters m n“. grotesque style u; PRAYER. -—Muy we, Lord, learn in‘.

Choaw, surprised, looked up atsctlrcd the point of the other law-lthe decorative art of the West Coastthil Nnotlnig n1 Vancouver Island, ‘Fhei- and do good unto all lllPll. his opponent. yers remarks which was precisclylindians of Canada favorably conl- when Olh‘ mes a Haida canoe hewnl “What does my brotheruilean byivhat Ciioatc intended it to do. lpares with the more famous nborig-lnul, oi‘ u single cedar trunk, decor- .inal arts of Mexico, Africa and tilt-fitted with the painted crest of the <S0utli Seas. A French art vrltiviowner. the Griz-ally Bear of tho Sen (lENUINE SINCERITiL-sliy not] lwrote last year. “Between thciund the Fin-back Whale combinedhnio thy neighbor, Go, and COlllPl I n specimens of Canadian West C0ast,togetllcr—tne Mystic Raven, and hggii), nnti Lolnorl-Qw l will givep 1 1111'» 111111 111059 v1 i119 Bnnlus of Af-ithe Herringbone Adze pattern in-‘ivheu tllou hast ll by tlleen-Provn . lrlca or those of,the Aztecs of Mexicoiside, one \vonders at and admires (n23, l there is an obvious analogy. They‘ the skill and patience of the worker. ‘seenl related to each other. Yet thc,and realizes how lnuch more pride PRAyEm__L°,.d| Thy word h‘, ,art of the Canadian tribes has ad-ltn achievement and ownership true quicken us. according w Tm,‘ ‘vanccd further than the others and,wouid be felt for such a treasure lovidg kmdnesq. ‘ discloses a much finer cultureTitllan for the most perfectly equip- ,There are some fine examples ofmed product of‘ oilr civilized factor- lthelr art in museums in Europe -?ies. " lcliiefly in Germany, collected early

I l ‘ April 1.1928 a I a r THE moat recent trend of autou-lolnl: in power, in speed and snap, the “Bigger design is strikingly exemplified in tiic uini Better" Chevrolet is no less modern "B18159? and B91191" 31191/10191- 7119 and vigorous. Countfess refinements in 111811. "RYFQW 1311111101’ - - 11-9 1011K» engine and chassis give Chevrolera per- 1°W b°d_'°5 ‘h’? "Tlbwkm -"""¢“l‘ formant: as dependable as it is brilliant. °f the 1.1"“ fr”? fm“? 1° "a". ' '. _' The “Bigger and Better" Chevrolet, ‘he 8191151‘ blmdmg "1 °°1°"5. 1'.‘ fim-j" ulnrle among low-priced cars, has truly 231d upholstery . _‘ these distinguish caught ‘he madam Spirit‘ evrolet as unmistakably new and fashionable.

nun-mung;

Illustrated lectures and Agricultural addresses will be given by J. A. Clark, Supe. ntendent of the Experimental Station. and by Robert C. Parent, Supervisor of Illustra- ll0h 913110118 111 P- E- L. at the following‘ places at 8 l‘. M. each evening. -

m vassmc. Spring came over the hill to-day.

Ovi-r the dark hill. seamed byl frost, Out from the pines by the wildl

in the last century. The signiflc-' Beautiful llldles and spoons elab- ance of it i'rom an ethnologlcallorately car ed and steamed into‘ point of view may be problematicalishape were made from walrus tusks , I _ “int there can be no question whatJ and mountain sheep horn. Everyf wllld” ‘msed- , l lever of its value as a basis fromiohief owned sets of these which Came m 111mm)“ Surlmslng wayll llVhlCh a distinctive Canadian art were used by distinguished guests I looked n“ a “linden m “vispyl, .. . - . - .. ,. , ,, irnn s r‘ . in the winte i iviti . ' 1 ' on New fanatics or (‘mm “M Home “rounds should i lvlr. ytlilllcgBrown, Director of thelladles were filledgsvtvith ‘fiodllhoi liafxtg E199"- 1 he of particular interest to the ladies and to the boys and lyatlonal Gallery of Canada, wrmeszithe coming or the white Man Wm‘ with delicate buds in her joyous! m“ l “The Indian sense of creative de-illqiwr. and Presented to the lilsh Wake-

J- A- cbAuKi 51191- ‘sign and high craftsmanship was at chiefs who were expectedtostand With 90191911 1195995

Baltic Hall, Lot 46, Monday, April 2nd, 1928. St. Peters Hall (Court House) Tuesday, April 3rd, 1928 Montague ilves llulli Thursday, April 5th, 1928.

Eierybody ls 60211121“) invited. The Illustrated Lectures NEW a,‘ ‘owzu Pulcns

‘Routine $615.00 Imperial Qedsu - 1890.0" Touring 625.00 (‘aufinist - - - 855.00 (J (him-zen i-I Charis 470.00

You!!!“ Iflolivcry 62200

83 1.00 Won Truck Chanil 635.00

Riv-dun Exprnl - 5650.00

107" wheelbase,’4 inches longer. Bigger, roomier Fisher Bodies. Non Joclcing four-wheel brakes. absorber springs.

, c 710.00 h k to twine and. 5:5,“ _ 74°41" S H B‘ 4

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, its best as deeply rooted in his na- and devour the contents on the spot,‘ itional consciousness as ever hasl though they were sometimes assist-j A vision, in short. of a fairy queen. ‘been our sense of traditional art,led by their elder nephews. The in-i . l

1nd in his tiveapons, architecture! tricate figures carved on these ladlesBut, spring wore smock and over-l wrnaments and utensils produoedlwere mythOIOZlCnl- 0119 5998 11180‘ ails blue, |

New shock C r a n k c a s c lifCi-illhflg system. "Invar-strut" constant clearance

pistons. -

Prices at Factory, Olhawa. "Government Tuxesh Bumpers and Snare ‘lire extra." 1'-- \---J»l-‘- . . . General union‘ 0111'! tie/med payment m aflonf-r Me ma!) rune-r“ in! and cifviroilira il-ay/i/ buying your Cllavol-I an ma.

15mm the materials to his hand, welsmall ivory charms or amulets ex- ‘can see how ably and seriously hclquisitely carved, some ‘with abalone‘ has held to them so long as his na-‘lshell inset. The workmanship shows Encfggigd iviti. wvvbirds like ditqlty lzional consciousness and independ-i the art of the l-Iaidas and Tsimsyani roan-L

@1199 remained. The disappearance 111 its 11119“- T119 S1119" 11811198 19-? And his whistle WAS glad and his l. if these arts under the penetrationlpfffsellli 11911911019111» $911115 511911 11S ,)f trade and civilization is more the otter and the salmon seen in.

Fertilizer Orders

MARY ISABEL NEWBERY,

of Alaska, n-Qm nrnuntnin gqgi, atlon and skill; this is especially ‘vcol. There is no better tveavlng .1101‘ 01 111059 11111919 by the Hulda-S done ln America, but the urt is dying 11nd 1119 Tslmyllll 01 1119 1l°1111~ T119 out. yool and alre remarkably durable, 10111111119911 dllflill! 1119 M11191‘ 19511" others have u foundation of shred- v-"ils- The dancers wearing them dcci ccdnr bark. tllc designs arc 111111 fillllrollllllw 90511111195 11111191‘- wustly conventional though somc- 501111196 501111-1- 11101151915 811d 1111- ljlngg tin; gwngfg gQat-Qf-unng jg cestors—monsters and ancestors be- introduced. These robes were worn 1118 1151111113’ SYTWIIYmOUB- 301185111111 only by chiefs and at ceremonials. 11101081195 W019 glW-‘ll fllld Cl9V91‘ These Indians use llllilnuls. birds. mvchenism made the eyes. iiiws 0r and fish in their brilliantly colored 011101‘ features of the mask move, designs, just as we convcntionallzt- 111919193? Plillflllfilllt; L119 (11111111111991- flow s and plants hulking designs first. There iirc three kinds of from leaves and petals, so they tziko lllasks, one symbolizing the owner's the various parts of an animal. the name, such as Throwing $l0119$-ll19 eyes. feet. teeth, eic, and zlrrange SROW-llillll-W0l\'9l'1l19-W1ld P9150111 them lll conventional patterns; tlli- n second lllllfil-Flll-lllg 1-119 111119111941 effect is striking and remarkably family emblem. such as the H-"iivk. attractive. though sometimes startl- the Wolf, the Eagle, the Raven, the ing: Tilt-so designs are seen in their Beaver. the Tlnlnderbird. Both of weaving and painting as well us in these kinds arc realistic and often their carving. humorous, their characterization

Those of us who lay claim to zlrt- 111051- Slflkllli; 111111 9.119011%? 1-119 istic taste arc accustomed to htllnircthird kind is larger and more gro- the Italian prlnlltives, secingln their tesqllc. showing the Raven, the will-k llaivttc and charm as well as Bull-head fish and other monsters. historical importance ill the dcvcl- Tllfffit’. lnusks were lnudc by the opmcnt of‘ art. We have in this ex- Nootkns of the south and were hibition many specimens of‘ Indian sometimes used in- the rituals ’ carving and coloring. but we have their secret societies. when the spir- a remarkably interesting example. its of the other world visited the

ll

do

THE PRICE OF CEDAR SIIINGLES IS ON THE UPWARD Till-IND

Now is the time to secure your seasons “in... CEDAR SHINGLES. We have on hand:

THREE MILLIONS IN ASSORTED GRADES

Clears Clear Walls

Extras Second Clears Extra Nu. l‘s.

L. M. Poole & Co.

PaolPs ‘Nharves Telephone 172

i :.i;\\‘

It is the finer impulses of human nature that inspire the erection ‘of a memorial to a departed loved one. With this in mind, one naturally seeks the finest in workmanship, material and design.

We are the only firm in this Province capable of and equipped for the cutting. polishing and fine carving of all kinds of monumental stone. This enables us to sell high class monuments at PRICES that CANNOT be EQUALLED.

Visit our plant and be convinced that we r i." execute the most elaborate mem- . .r ._l. with once :-ind efficiency.

If iuiul is to c.l!l write for catalogue.

Vere Beck & Son q

Montague

__.w '}_.. .. l} “(of lfqugrlng Fertlhzfir ‘regrettable than can be imagined dreams by the medicine men. The‘ - lnlOlrglt tlii;lO1.f1i0__(xl'0Wel'S AS50913‘ lilxilrlitIgv1;-yotpggsibllilmeorlfirfnggrtrggg:‘llgfgllttiilfilllaclhsezgkiglillilrls1M most. There are many specimens 0f {All} 1111,73,‘ place their Orders on or be- to retain and revivify whatever‘ The Chilkal robes were woven in 11111816 111 1119 91111111111011» 111051 Q1 yr"! _ . . Jcnlnants still exist into a ierman- fore i nlfilf-‘altfiy, April lznt production, however lirxnlted in ‘iuantity. Enough, however, remains I,‘ P x T ‘ , )lfll.llt? old arts to provide an invalu- -' i - '_ ‘no mine of decorative dcsi n ' U‘ I0": 0 Vvhichlis available to the studeiht. p1 w 1 Ior c. lost of different purposes and *A\SU()L - ‘ UOS50SSl1llg1l0l‘ the Canadian artist ' in part cu or the unique quality of "emf? “mm” “ammill i“ "r1 M191" ...__ . ._. .. ._ . .... _ . _ and character. ILTTQ» ii 114$ '3 ‘t is in their carvings. theirpaint- w‘ in: and their weaving. as seen in v . - ‘his exhibition, that the nlltivo urt- Nhsts shew their skill and imagina- A. lOll. and ll is lllllflZlllg‘ how they . Q. lave adopted their designs to tili- if ‘ixaizting nature of their materials. N Vlotzlls. with the possible exception -lf coilpi-r. WON‘ not knowll to the Mlndiilns lll early tllnes, but when .-’- hey were discovered. during the last ientnry. the native craftslnensoun M‘ ‘lcvcloped an ilbllity to polish lmd ingrave silver, copper and iron. t Slate WES quarried only near one 0; iillage of the Haida Indians in the Queen Charlotte Islands, and pro- ég "ill bly not before 1850. but the work- Wmanship on the small sllltc figures, ll shown here ls remarkable. ‘ ll Some of these carvings lll'(.' of un- ‘isunl excellence. although the tech- M, niqilc remains primarily one of V 11,0, no; 39g, "vood carving" ruther than 5min- cnt- in two paintings. of prilnitivo ex- abode of the living in winter. ‘ ing. They represent heraldic. fig-.prcssion ill a nledium new u) Hlt“ Aliolone shell was used to decor- Q‘ u, ‘lfQS. its lll miniature totem laolcsflndlan. Fred Alexee. n llalf-bruetlnute these masks. Even in the broad ahs§ degendin-y characters and soeniég 9i lmintcd pictures in oil and tvati-l-ldllylight of the highly-civilized art c everyday life. Many of the best. color. depicting the legends iinilignllery one shivers apprchenslvcly pieces of this kind are the work 0i battles of his people. The com-firs the light catches the abolone and ithe famous Haida chief. Edens aw, position is excellent. the movi-lncnl.§tl1¢1 Elllierlllfl gremfi Mid 81110113’ lllCl his faithful Tllngit slrivc. These spontaneous lino still-lieu though} blues enilt =1 phosphorescent gleam: ‘wo lncn silent much of their itruit- his sense of color is limited, in flicl. thr‘ least imilfilllill-lv" C1111 111919 visu- tul llvcs lnli friendly rivalry. carv- they llLIV(' the quality of prilnitivenilizc the dnrk winter night with the lng figures of all kinds. most of painting and may some day be Itocklils towering nlenucingly to the ‘-Vlll(3li now grace the public or pri- treasured for their historical intcr- vtry 8111-95 01' llvflvflll; L110 Wllld vutc nluseuln collections in Canada est lll the dvvirloplrleni. oi‘ ollr lllb-‘llfiwllng 1l0l'¢91.l’ 011d 11111111118 1-119 and abroad. ‘itivc nrt. ‘llrellght. to flicker iltfully; and Tile media with which they usu- One nlust not neglect w mention strangely rolled flaures dancing un- 'llly worked were cedar wood, wi-tl-jnll important part oi‘ the exhibiV-‘Cillllllly 11911191‘ iilld 1198191‘ Wltll rug tusks, moose hide and moun-‘tllc paintings rind drawings oi‘ can- grotesque faces luridly alarms.‘ ‘sin goat hair. From cedar they adian artists who, as early as‘ theSome of the masks had two faces, ichrved their totem poles, fepre543nL-,mlddl€ of the last century and upione above the other. thus adding to Ung the cuat-of-armg and the myth.‘ to the present day, have visited the? the terror of the spectacle. These ‘cal ancestors oi the owner, Thesi- West Coast Indians, and thus re-iare the potlatches-the celebrations poles stood in the vlllgggg before corded their impressions _of ‘thelifu which the Government prohibited the houses, and the carving and and customs of this race which wiltbecause of excesses indulged in af- nalmlng is the work of skimn and doubtless soon disappear. We seeiterwards. What frauds and hypo- imaginative artists, The emblems portraits of chiefs in their cere- critcs we are--colleotivcly—wlth our show the featureg oi‘ the vvnii, the moninl robes. colorful views of the commercialized vice and our Red eagle, tho raven, tho beaver, the mountain background oi the ln-iLlght Districts! l ‘vawk, the thunderbird, the whale,‘dlans and brilliantly colored totem, 'I‘lle collection has a case of curl- ‘ lpoles in their natural setting, some ous drums and of rattles of brown '0! them . ost striking u. design rnalpcllshcd wood. about the size of an limaglnative interpretation. Therellnfaniis head, carved grotesquely. ‘was a time when our paternalGov-‘with shot inside them. These were .7 a , s lernment forbade the erection of :used both in their ritual dances and ~ J‘ lthese poles, believing that the Inqby medicine men to dispel the evil ‘_ _ _ _ dlans worshipped them as idols, butlspirit from the sick. Resurrectionj Kliflflt U19 (111111; EIJB-flflv-t, 9&1 1119 ‘now their fears have been allayed-ltrom the dead was not an unusual‘ from" la“ 1d 2f“ ‘P? -“ male or _ other influences have been occurrence among the Indians. .1” “ .° 1 .“"’ l" “"11"” 1°“ ‘brought to bear on them-for every "The supernatural was part of their will remain until the Cold is gone. 1 . Towork ofithe Com nndwforfify effort is being made to preserveieveryday life-not a remote poten- the “sum against Influenza ‘these interesting relics of the abor- tiality as with us," Mr. Barbeau l‘ ' iglnal race. Mr. Barbeau in hls,tells us, and adds: "In the past cen- Tlllm lbook “Indian Days lh the Canadian} turies we have grown sceptical.| “uh.” , Rockies’) records with a sympathetic‘ Anything beyond the range o! vision IP99 501119 01 1119 legends of this or experience is dismissed. Even in mlmlhliihlng race. Nature and the matters of’ religion and faith we IlGrellzt Spigit fllluthe unspoilt Indian seem to draw the line conscious-l .‘:‘:i.:.‘. .5332;‘:.“£fi.';°i§.ii..“t”£.';.°‘:lll . . I , 111611‘ every day llfe—not a remote‘ neglect them in our everyday livers", llldwntlflllty 1w Wlth 1111- GhOIt-VNot so the Indian; however fraught ‘and spirits dwell near at hand and with superstition and trickery at» ‘their earthly visits are not infre- til-neg, his rgliglgn i; pgfl, nnn pgfcgl mient. Monsters sometimes rise at o; hi; lite, The ggerg were bothf inwht from underirrourid. and the vision rics and healers of men. The mm.“ and” ‘crcdulous folk tremble. unaware that‘ two f on; gggfg n: the w”; (but only a Wooden mink and other 1n- Indians were Becny and Calf-child. venlous contrivances are being olell- The former had vtslonl of the white

T130 by: burn %%o0b ' whmmm’ 6' " erly Olllifffled b" a *""""‘"‘,‘_‘l' Wl1°59lman coming from the East and Proven 1101010131889". {~11- 11? 15 1° 514ml’ ‘lmm- preached that ho would come as a

It is easy to got rid of: Cold i , you don't lze lecf. It too long. Get :;_~.lli3§,,i,|_'.’\|1___.. u bu" i ‘TDRSMO QUININ . 300.

M. B. Martin, ,_ W. B. Robertson?”

Arid his plow left furrows of shim, iniz loam, l

evei: ivpro. loo! . ,

the village of Chilkal on the coast 1119111 1119 ‘V0111 0f 9191515 01 111188111- "

50ml, oi the robes art- all 0r masks were used for dramatic per»

Prince Motors A_

SUMMERSIDE

Messiah, the harbinger of a golden age. But Calf-child lived later: he had no illusions about the white man: he found thathe was subject to death as was the red man that he cnmo, not as a saviour, but as an invader, that he tvas the curse, .brlnging death and extinction, the punishment sent to the red man by the Great Spirit for neglect of “the old law under which his ancestors thrived tilrough coilntless ages dat- ing back to the origin of the world itself." And who dares deny that we have been destroyers of tllc In- dians. physically and morally‘? The race is; fast dwindling away; those who silrvivc. succumb easily to dis- ease; morally. they have lost their old virtues without ildopting the virtues of the white lllflll--\Vllili.CVL‘l' they may bu! 'l‘hc llldilill iloer. Pauline J0llllS0ll, scornfully points to ils bringing u “Book" to save thcln from “the sins that. you bring ill your ()i.ll(‘l‘ hand.“ This is mu: of the tragedies of civilization as we know it; it bligllts where it would foster. Perhaps there is llo rulc- l‘- thulnb for bridging" tile centuries"

perhaps no one type of cillture call 3mm or blfgml" be superimposed upon another, but “ms” “mmmg “mds I

CHARLOTTETOWPG

llolliii: a. to. Marti-w & Mei-ear

‘ LIMITED SOURIB

PRODUCT or GENERAL MOTORS‘ or CANADA; LIMITED

primitive race, if the two races had met on a different footing, the more backward races might have gradu- ally colne to accept the good in our

way of life, at the same time en-l

riching ours by the inspiration of their aboriginal art sprung from the sea and soil within our national boundaries. For this is surely the lesson to be learned from this ex- hibition of the work of native art- ists. Tllcir art manifests an amaz- ing sense of decorative fitness and beauty. It wlls "no idle pursuit for theln llllCl their tribesmen but lul- filled an essential function ill tileir everyday life. Their houses, cere- monial costumes. utensils and weap- ons had to be decorated in tradi- tional style; and their heraldic elli- blelns hiid to be displayed on their house fronts and their totem poles. This explains the extreme colli- piexity of the ilrt and its develop- inent among ii people whose nulli- bers were limited llnd whose life tvils beset with many hardships." _ .__-¢+> .-v .