` - *MAX 22» 1915" ` " one onsnnorrsrowu GUARDIAN

0

Y q 4 ~°¢

T Ns,

g you T _ _ A I N ---"-- ‘ V `-£1# » ,__- ' ...__ .If 1 '_ ' -- V *__

For Parents, Teachers, Puplls.,

9

T0 THE FA1\MER

_'_'/I _

" i ‘W #lid others interested

to contribute to The Ford: - Dllfyf ,The Turf, and Good

M denmments or tho ouoraish 3 , 9|' by figeltion, correspondence or

grwlse. nswers will be given by "fl 'U lu Qileltlons 0! general

is Mt and some wlu he given ic, an - _ articles that will in any way t., P"-» E---M 1-

C0_atrlbutors are ked

their articles at this edifice eatgly gigs 7991*- _ I! Only a short emergency itillll oanrbe handled as late ss one thiéuil Wednesday. All received after

Ol" t

Awww! wages swear until tho

__ WWW#-Q?

THE sifllboi

AND - p THE Home

Contributio f thi d t _ should_he add:-zlssednto B em" me,"

President Teacher's Association,

Guardian's School and Home, P. O. Box 188 Charlottetown. ...__i_____

‘ wonrws lrlsrllunls § . ' »:l<+>IQ

Queries and Contributions for this

department should be addressed to

Mrs. A. E. Dunbrack,

P. O. Box 123

Charlottetown.

' Ques. Why should scrubbing brush- es be left standing on their bristles after they have been used? X.Y.Z.

Ans. The moisture from the brush

soaks into the wood if left standing with the bristles up. The wood for this reason is apt to decay much soon- er than the bristles are worn out.

FIGHTING THE FLY.

\, (By Miss A. M. Macfarlalle)

This is the time of the year when

efforts to fight the ily should begin; a little later than this is apt to be too late to take those most valuable of lil measures-preventive measures.

There is a belief among some peo-

ple that flies are uscful because they feed on wastes. No grnter mistake could be made. Files light on and wilk over all manner of unclean mat- ter, and then spread germs and un- cleanlines! over dishes, food and milk vessels etc. They may come to our faces straight from feeding on the sputum of a consumptive or wastes of | a typhoid, patient. They may ily dir- ectly from some one who has sore eyes to our hands or faces, or to the hands and faces of a little baby that cannot defend itself. There is nothing more dangerous or more unclean than to live among a swarm of flies. There is perhaps no disease carrier more guilty than the fly, and certainly there are few diseases more serious than those carried by flies. These diseases number typhoid fever, chole- ra infantum, scarlet rever, tuberculos- is, erysipelas etc. Almost any kind of germ may be carried by the fly. Not only do they carry germs on their feet but when a fly feeds on matter that contains these germs, the germs are found on matter that comes from its nlimentary canal, and then these - germs are spread abroadl In one fly speck alone as many as one thousand germs have been found. Thcreforc now, when first g the windows and doors are wide open during the day- time, precautions should be taken not

poly against the multiplication of lies, but also-against the entrance into the house of flies already in ex- istence. There are many such pre- cautions, perhaps the best-- as well as one most generally disregardedi- is the keeping of all foods., and all re- fuse of discarded bits of food closely covered. Any housekeeper can (lille precaution and every housekeep-

er should take them.

'.Tllere is no place where a house- 'eeper has a better opportunity to B ow her good housekeeping than In t_ e appearance of the rear of the lfouse. An unsightly collection of Mila, baskets and above all an untidy garbage receptacle will spoil the appearance of any back yard no mat- ter how attractive it may otherwise bs, and also ,will favor the breeding of flies. A good plan is to have a box made large enough to hold the gar- bage can and any other receptacle it has been found necessary to keep. a- bout. The box should have a good

ed cover, but needs no bottom

d should stand directly on the _ nd. Have some holes bored in ‘oh side for ventillation, and over ess on the Inside wire netting

slroilld be tacked. Have the box paint- ed the color of the house and it will

be quite unnoticeable. If the zarbgge receptaol Ili kept clean and cove d there cal? be no opportunity for the

breeding of the much detested fly.

Another important ‘preventive mea-

sure against the bree ing of files is care in keeping _tho stable fresh and clean. This is a gecaution that every msn owning a s ble can and should

take. The egg of the house 1% is laid in manulre a\boutistnbles,tll'l‘n. Mtg?- age, or n ecay ill V080 ~ In a day or less the egg hatched into a smsll nlassot, which in the nine or _ ten days from the time the sat- was laid changes into an adult fly. If the breeding place of flies is left undis- turbed they will hatch faster than it

is -possible to kill them.

Under ordinary conditions it is not

expensive to remove the ordinary breeding place of flies or mosquitoes in a town, and no money that a town! can spend will psy better either bil;

dollars and cents, or in 'tile -com

that`wil1»ooms to the inhabitants. than monmthatisspsnttorrsestosrn from thsss sets. A town cutcen pam 'qos all the maerfn »hl¢°llx\u¢ sms. me on motor can

be aol ' `foi* fertiliser for almost ..‘..°i.':1l:.f.;” V - ~

"W9 ¢°“lfl My ‘ln our town you will not be bothered by mosquitoes

911011811 to Day for the expense of on |'°m°Vll\8 ll slillpose a board 0! Ill

reading and spelling lessons

The customs of April Fool’s Da

Perhaps some new word introduced sometimes give trouble in the school

for about ten minutes each day, To welcome the procession of the quantity, cripples cannot be avoided d altogether apart from the regular flowers "-Long fellow

and neither you nor any member f in

the days reading lesson would fur room. Where this is likely to be the

your family will have malaria. You niah the base for a whole group of case, be beforehand with the child-

Wm “°¢ be llllwyed by flies, and you W0l‘fi!- ren by a little talk about practical

Heed not fear that while you are

l°0lflll8 the other wa a fl ou

For instance the -ick family grew joking and the dangers of unkindness, t of the sentence "MayI ick ou?" rudene and sometimes real ain or

y y will leave ., li y BB. D

lyvhoid germs on your plate," ,pick being e. new word to the class. injury. Put them on their mettle Would not a board of trade that Similarly, the word "best" in. "She to play no trick that is-unkind. Any could truthfully say this about its likes you best of all the flowers," sug- one can make up a silly story, or town have some facts to present that gested: unkind deceit. but it takes some

cleverness to make a. pleasant and

would interest persons who are seek- |118 new homes or summer resorts. Is get this one ofthe vital questions het the city or Charlottetown should look into at the present time?

Both men and women should point

out to children the dangers attendant uponrcarelessness in regard to flies. and should enlist their help in iight/ U18 the pest. Begin NOW not only as l!1fllVld\\9.l8. but as families, as Srvurs to ilsht the fly. Thercby the danger that you will be in of needing to light the diseases carried by flies will be immeasurably lessened.

____

3PELL|NGw_WlTH

THE BEGINNERS

(BY Ethel J. COB9i!.¢ in Educational Reviewl

The writer of this article found her-

self not long since, in charge of 9, lit. tie miscellaneous country school in a remote section, where a long succes- sion of untrained teachers had de- Drlved the children of the helpof mod- ,ern methods in acquiring the art of reading and spelling. - Mlmy of the children were not of English parentage. and to them the letters of the alphabet had apparently no connection whatever with the

ggunds of the words which they spell-

This was seen as far as grade IV.,

but of course more markedly in the younger grades, to whom the letters r-e-d, would as likely spell blue or green ‘as the word to which they are generally conceded.

Work was begun with the youngest

class. These children knew the names of the letters, and without any parti- cular phonetic drill they were started at word building.

One of them knew that a-t, spelled

at. With this word as a foundation, they were given the following list, which they were taught to spell and pronounce distinctly, the class being drilled individually and collectively. -at f-at s-at, b-at hlat t,-at c-at m-at v'-at

As far as possible, little drawings,

placed beside these words on the blackboard, helped the children to re- member the pronounciation, and words and drawings were copied as desk-work.

W'llen this list was mastered, which

WHS Very soon they were introduced to the a-n family with drill as in pre- ceding list.

-an s-an p-an b-an 1-an r-an 0-an m-an t-an

The -ad family followed as:

-ad l-ad m-ad b-ad h-ad p-ad b-ad f-ad _ s-ad

Others

as :

-en b-in d-in

followed in swift succession

f-in k-in p-in

t-in s-in w~in

-it

b-it i'-it

_ _. 5:’-.iz _...

§=.='=.' =.--rr:

T-ed f-ed

n-ed r-ed w-ed

-ed b-ed l-ed

f-en h-en m-on

-en b-en d-en

D-Bn b-en

nny surprise. If the teacher can il- strate this by Inventing a _.pleas-

ass, so much the better. This meth-

-est n-est w-est fu b-est p-est ch-est lu 9-est 1'-est quqest ant little April Fool surprise for the l-est t-est z-est cl

o

One advantage of this method of B

word drill is that a teacher needs no it Normal College training in order to carry it out successfully, and a young w teacher with little or no knowledge of t phonetics may see great improvement t in her classes through its use. “I

Ntithtadi ll idt h -T

ow s n nga sa otecon ary, the great majority of words t

avg! a strong suggestion of then t

i I E

d is better than a solemn lecture.

ut if the custom is in abeyance, let stay there.

Last month we told how to find

hen Easter comes. Last December

he writer heard two men discussing h

e date of Christmas Day. One said: t comes about the 24th or 25th."

he other said: "I think it’s the 25th

is year.”' Children should be taught at while Christmas is a fixed day,

aster is what is called a movable

oon. They should also know, as

istorical facts, why Good Friday and

tr h h h

e ng n their pronunc ation, and ontinued word drills enthuslastical- f ast, and its date is regulated by the

carried on, will work wonders with m

e most unpromislng classes. lé

sn C 8 ly th

8

aster Day -are kept, and that they

ve been kept from very ancient

mes. The word Easter is found only

H nce in the New Testament. Where is

it

W

? The observance of Flag Day in dif- erent places rouses special interest

the flags of our Allies. The French colour of red, white and blue in

T tripes running vertically, i. e. par-

h t

INTS FOR MARCH AND APRIL .2

ith the spring months comes rest-

lessness. f

“When that Aprillo with his schowres 1

swoote t

he drought of March hath perced to 5

the roote.

ullel to the stall, is a combination of he colours of the city of Paris-red

T rhl blue-and the whlto nog of the

ourbons, and it has been used since

n ri

t

hen longen folk to gon on pilgrim- a

ages." Wr0i0 Cha\lC0r five hllndrell the beginning of the Frencch Revolu-

ears ago, and it is still true When

on. The Russian flag flown by mer-

Y - tl t chant shi s shows the same colours t do ,-

9- - at right angles to the stall, 1

u

B

So

he brooks begin to run and we get p he smell of earth, we want to unning in stripes horizontally, i. e. nd see something different and in dif- In the scchoolroom this spring fecl- f

ng shows itself in fidgets and slack ess about work. and yet it is just t this time that the teacher begins

ali h h h t t

erent order. Wllite at _the top, ll 0. ed. The Russian enslgn has a blue t. Andrew’s cross on a white field.

i ' - ,-

n 8 ‘ The Belgian merchant flag is like the to

rench tricolour, but with a yellow tripe where France has white, and

Y

arms in the yellow stripe oi’ the tri- colour. Servia/s tricolour is likf-J

s run hori-

ussia’s i. e., U-he Stripe

in

S

re ze ow muc as ye o is

be done, how little time of the school 5 year remains. and that every minute tho no al Standard has the royal must be made to count.

Z

Do not repress the fidgets too stern- y, but try to give the restlessness a. ent in frequent marches and simple h sical rcise itll lent f

ontally, but red at the top, blue he middle. Montenegrofs is the same

ith n. crown in the blue stripe. The

I R

V

D y 6X9 B W D Y 0 t

fresh air in the room; alld give what relief from monotony you can without og of Japan that wc soc here ls the e lectin re ular work. A very

w fi

ttle variety means a great deal to a ire of a white field. The Japanese

g g g merchant flag, a red disc in the celi-

E »

n li child. A- chan e of seat a rearrange- I, ment of the time-table, a new plant or picture in the room, changes in the opening exercises, in the order or manner of dismissal, or of forming classes, or going to seats-any of these add a little interest and fresh-

Fiiiili

oval flag adds red rays to the disc.

/

This is more especially seen in the l8rSB breeds. such as the Aylesburys We find fish meal which also contains a large amount of fish bone, the best thin to re t it t I

and the necessary salts to grow the

bone, but is easily digegsted. `,‘

in the current issue of “Farm and

Fireside," the national farm paper

trap-neat. Others claim that the best

ance of hens. One of the contributors

out a good egg-laying hen

5 ll ven . as no on y con-

tains the proteida for forming flesh FARMER si-|0u|_p p|_AN

To PICK OUT THE GOOD LAYER8 Orin order to appreciate the full value so

the

straw baled and sold both to

gether, fail to make oats growing very

profitable

.Da;1’ymen. Farmers Horsemen

An invisible government controls us

Now F°R A 9"-°- -the minute organisms, the germs, '“"*" microbes. and bacilli. that enter into

a corn crop the farmer must feed of

many of the processes of life and physical nature. Knowledge ' of

~\f¢»¢;

is crop as sllage. A sixty bushel this op of corn fed as sllage ls worth as of

world of invisible life is the aim

to this practical and suggestive dis- 2; cussion tells- as follows how to pick ke

“Practically sill 200-ess l hens are $1

very long-bodie birds, d thi I t should be remembered_ an B pon conditions warrant, build a silo or a an "select tho hlra which has length ““’“l’" °f' “"°S» *1'=¢°f‘1i"S 1° his tic

the department of microbiology

published at springneld’ Om I much as one hundred bushels of corn -the study of the life of microscopic a very interesting dlscussignaggearg fied In the usual way. in other words, organisms.

egg_myms strain is by the use of the ah out 40 per cent of the food value oi' We need a knowledge of microbioli-

‘3 90"* CWD is in the corn stalks gy, thinks Dr. Charles E. Marshall,

meiimd of gelgciion is by me appear, when fed BB Silage. director of the graduate school and.

Every farm 011 which ally Humber head of the department of microbio-

eps a number of cattle to study the bu

o, an then, as soon as tconomic pe

cattle is feed should have a silo. ligy in the Massachusetts agricul- 9 1`eC0mm0"fl 0V€I’y fl1l‘l110r who ,tural college, not onl for ersonal

Y D

t also for business and public res.-

lvantages and disadvantages of the sons. Microlliologv is important in

rsonal hygielle in sanitary d public health, and in tho rpac e of agrZ<'lllt'l.~e. its great impor-

and depth of body, large red combs, needs' The “"0 Will Illalfr $60 Wvrlil tance In a grimitllre arises from the

f °°"" feed “B much S1001( HH $100 for-t that so many soil and plant ac-

bright eye and erect carriage, which is 0

method the writer on this plan once

The first 28 birds were selected chief- ly for color. The other 49 were select- a

move about, general health and 5

outlaid the culls by 63 per cent. They kept the speed up day after day until f the writer became satisfied that the f

ers. and that this method was O. l K__.

body. 9-

, _

feed. _ I)

falfa take the place oi’ 40 to 50 p

may to the ‘eedmg trough and last to worth fed before. Not only this, the Living.: are lngely nlir.l'.a.rli-gicill ¢_he'm0Bt_ silo will make 10 acres of good corn

...ro indicate the worth of the above w;hen supplemented witll clover or m

a

!\lf.~'ern dail\' operation is based al- ost entirely on bactericlogy .lu food.

_ reservation the drying, and canning

selected '17 breeders from 130 birds. "°*`°° °f Pesfllfe for wills- Nona other processes of preservation

The idairynlan was the llrst to fully "foods, is a matter of bacteriological pprec ate the Value °f Bllaile High' colltrol, and decomposition a matter 0!

ed chiefly for the desire to work and Dricad mill feeds and dry seasons with its

lack. Fermentation of bread, vine-

hort pastures took from his hard ` ga,-r an ,image is begun by mi¢|-00;-._

lo, however, is not the entire solu- 1?,- ion_ Silnge represents one killil of

Strength, moderate size and length of Wfirk l-l‘0ff}“i“ll;1;“ri>5lf1 °l' Umm- Wllll gunisms. Purity of water supply,

,, ‘era ° mm to Z0 WWE- U' Slllull lllenlthful disposal of sewerage, and The 'I7 selected hens were separat- 5110 Will filmlfill 3 1100*! S“"‘f“ll’"l 10911 lmany other matters of daily impor-

ed from the others, and the first day ‘l;1Flil£'§ b0lll Suillmef “iid Wll\ll‘\`- Tile t lice involve a. knowledge of germ

B _

e. So fundcmelltai does Dr. Marshall

eed such as corll, and must be lmlzlluz- regard the subject that he would have

ay, alfalfa llay, or some otllel protein du

selected birds were really better lay. ed with a protein feed such ns clover every smdem take at least an mu.o_

clory course ill microbiology. Tile

resent regular courses are outlined to

.____.___________

*H$@

Tile sllo howcvcr, has been found - » ~

' _ provide both llltrodllctury and special

no less valuable for the llcel’ produier work' and mmm um being considered

f THE MARKETS

5', I Ei, I

TORONTO, MAY 12

fa < - - - - ‘ -_

` tion for making cheap beef. On tho on

Butter Market other llallli, if there are no objcctiolls at

to rl long feeding period, and vorll is le

Farmers’ Creamer hi

eed on hand early in tho full when an

cattle can often be brought to good in

“dV‘"'mg°~ Will* 500” “Om S0330-

strow, sottollsced meal and corn, the cultural needs, that is my hope’-. said

"hen_f°"lhE duiryman' It m“l“"S iF for the illtrodllciloll of elementary fmsslble to have 8' large "~"“’“"l- of sanitary scicllce, dairy becteriology,

fl the like, ill increasing the amounts the short courses.

“To adapt lllicrobology to all agri-

rmer has ‘lt l“‘“‘l 3' "helm “""b"’°* Dr. Marshall. “lt has been realized

gil priced, feed the first. 00 or 120 ays silage, alfalfa or clover and cot-

ce. I should like to realize it now

Massachusetts agricultural col-

ge.

This week _ ....28 Last week..._ ....28 Two weeks ago.. ......29 Same week 1914.. ._ ..22 1913.... .....25 1912.. ._ ....22 1911 . . . . . ... ......19

31

_ 32

22% 26

, 24

21

Cheese Market V

Top Price at

Local Boards

This week _ . . . _ . . . . ._ _ . . _ .18 1-2

y

Separator Prints d

31

ness. We have been in schoolrooms where the Christmas decorations were

ame drawings or stencilings stayed

g POULTRY 2

GOOD EGGS ON LY.

Lastwoek.... .. _ ....17 3-16 -d

the cattle should revolve corn, wllil-ll may be ground or sill-lied, and fell

, tute for the lluy. Many colllllillutious 1, are possible, and market prions of p

best thing to do.-l’rofcs.sor W. G. I, Eckllardt, Illinois. 0

C

OATS SHOULD Bl: FED TO STOCK.

rollg so far as the entire oats crop l concerned says a writcr ill the “Iu- 1

ton seed or oil lncal; the no-xt 90 days HOW TC MAKE BORDEAUX SPRAY

Bordeaux is one of the best known

with the silage, and straw as a substi- fungous 51,,-,,_,~s_ It is made by wm.

illillg four pounds each of copper slll- hato and fresh stone lime and adding

feed and Cattle will determine the fifty ganons of ,yawn The copper sul,

hate should llc dissolved ill hot water r fronl a coarse hug suspended in old water. lil another reileptaclo

slakc the lime slowly and then flllute

“W” to about 20 gallons, adding to this

I believe the modern method of 113,11- ililuietl solution the copper 1-.ulpllaie

same week 1914__H l __ _.12 1146 wling and feeding is imdoubtodly‘solution which has also been diluted

1s13............ .....121-2 is

o about 20 gallons, stirring thc mix- ure with the union is being znade.

still in place in June, and where the GOOD CH|cK3 FROM o

s n the board the year round, betcken- ing a lack of interest on the part of

tie change _in the room. to greet the ,

The normal egg is one weighing a-

tho teacher. Have some pleasant lit- gflllf- two 0011095. With 9- 51110991 Bm"

ce, and oval shape. The fresher the

children after the Easier holidays, if egg. the more suitable It is f°f i“°“§“' not befoi-e_ tion. As eggs become old and gems e-

Revlews of the work through the 001116 Weak- F01’ all lJl‘H»CllCHl PUFDOB-

winter may be made interesting by es the eggs may be held 1°' lW° Weeks different devices. Wllere a class is and will still hatch-well.

weak at some particular point in ari-

Eggs kept from hatching should not

thmetic, spelling or grammar, for ibe 0-*P05911 ¢° elm" extreme heal' 0" - e

instance, invent or adopt some stimu

xtreme cold. The best temperature

latlhg little competition, and oiror o ln which-to keep esss fm' iHC“bHll°“

trifling reward, such as half an hour’s is story-reading, a new game taught at recess, or dismissal of the class a few if

from 40 to -50 degrees occasionally. Poultrymen would save a great deal they would test their eggs before

minutes earlier, . putting them under a hen or in an in-

Colds are so common in spring that cubator, and take out all eggs which

a morning talk might be given on their ‘would not tproduce B00d Chick’-*~ prevention and cure, and on good Every SEE Wl1lCh ‘l°€5 “Ut P\'°d“°° a manners in connection with coughing, chick is loss.

sneezing and use of a pocket hand- kerchief. Children always long to f

it is not inferred. however, that in

e s ma be selected out of

ertile gg y

leave off heavy winter clothing, so those to be incubated. There is no discuss the old sayings: knowll method, except by incubation

Till April"s dead, change not a of determining whether an egg is fer-

tbread. til

Ne’er cast a clout, till May is out.

Talks about spring should be kept

as closel as osslble to the children’s

e orinvertlle. _

HEARING DUCKLINGS

-ot d-ot g-ot

-un b-un d-un

lx-ot J-ot l-ot

n-un p-un r-un

n-ot p-ot tot

B'llIl

l-lin

“ll

y P

own observations. Ask the country children who saw or heard the great- est number of signs of spring on their way to school. What are the spring smells? Spring occupations? Spring games?

So many suggestions for seasonable

_Although the rearing of ducklings is

very simple, as far as merely keeping them alive goes, yet it repays study. When the conditions are of the most favorable, and the foods balalwed S0 as to meet the requirements of growth

1911..., . . . . . . ....111-2

Egg Mmrket »

New-Laid

Thisweek 20

Lastweek . . _ . . .._ . Twoweeks ago.... ._ -Sameweek1914.... . . 1913.... ._ _

1912.... . _ . .. 22 1911... . . . ... 17%

Graln Market

20 20 21 19

Fall

Wheat Oats

This Week.... ._ . _.$1.50 .67 Last Week . . . .__ 1.40 .65 Two weeks ago.... ..1.40 Same week 1914.... ._ 1.03 1913.... .... 98 1912... 1.05 .52 1911... __ ._ ._ .84 42

Cattle Market

-is 40

Top price for

Beef Cattle

This week _ . . _ . . . . .... ..$8.60 Last week.... ._ ......8.25 Two weeks ago_... _. _ ._...8.25 Sameweek191'4 8.45 1913.... ._..7.15 1912.. ._ . _ 7.75 1911... 6.00

1912.... ._ . . ....13 5-8 d

5.

With these lists 'they had got all of

the short vowel sounds, and most of the consonants. They were encour- aged to listen for certain letters in words, and when they could spell a new word for themselves, which they could soon readily do, they were very proud.

The sounds of some*'- of the letters

were especially noticed, such as the roa.r of r. the hiss of s, and the pant- ing of h, but for the most part the sounds were left for their care to de- tect.

While the younger class was strug-

gling with beginnings, the older grades became interested, and re- quests for permission to make the p-t or the a-n family became quite fre- quent, each child trylng to find the most words in any certain family.till a marked improvement in spelling was noticed in all grades.

nature-study are offered in the Educa- and of subsequent fattening, the profit

tional Review that we need only refer. to them here. The following refer-‘th ences in literature might be studied:

1. Else had the spring an

Perpetual smiled on earth with ver-

nant flowers, er

Equal in days and nights."-Milton ke

2. The uncertain glory of an April

is greater in proportion. Most things

at are worth doing at all are worth

doing well. We have seen that they

can be hatched by hens or ilncubatalhs

d reared by either natura or ar

cial methods. Full liberty should nev-

be given to those intended for mar- t. Stock ducks require exactly the

same treatment for the first m

nth, after which they are better on

o

a a grass range with a pond or a shal-

d y

Whicll now shows all the beauty of

the sun, w

low stream in which to take exercise

fin varie of food. A

ash, and d ty .

And by-and-by a cloud takes all A stream is to be preferred in furnish-

away _

-Shakespeare _

3. When well apparelled April on the In

heel of winter treads.

-Shakespeare.

4 It was not summer yet, but

.ing more food in the shape of worms from the banks, small ish, insects, and a great variety of aquatic plants,

rearing the best stock ducks exer-

cise and variety of natural foods are of more importance than being always stuffed with foods from the granhary.

ee moderate of rowth is best

Sheep.

This week . _ . _ . . . ._ _$8.50 Last week.... .. 8.00 Two weeks ago.... .. 8.00

Same week 1914.. ._ 1913.... 1912.... .. 1911.... ._ .. 7.00

_ Hcp Miarket

Topprico

ofcars

This week.... ._ . . ...$9.40 Last week.... _ _ 9.20 Two weeks ago.... _ . 8.90 Same week 1914...... ....8.60 1913.... . .. 10_15_ 1912.... _ . . . . .__ _ 9.20, 1911.... 6.35'

10.50 11.00 9.00 »9.00 7.50

5544#

G UI Q28.:

. _

iallla Farmer." That is to say, the modern method requires the oats to be threshed. 'Then the grain is fed and the straw as far as getting nny good results as stock food is largely a loss. Horses, cattle, sheep arc all very fond of oats. Wllell either in sheaves or out down and cured like mcnliow grasses

stock cat up cleanly both the grnill and the straw, and grow and fattcn nicely with but little olllcr grain or llay. Allinlllls are compelled to out lilo straw wllile getting the grzlill. 'l`llis" straw gives bulk to the focll.

Tile time was when every farmer

grew large flellls of oats, nlld outside of what was required for secd, the re- mainder of the crop was cut all fed to stock In the spring time the work horses were fed liberally on the cut oats. but during thc llcuvy work sea- son "chop" was made. That ls after the oats were cut. they were dampen- ed and mixed with fine corn meal, wheat bran and middlillgs. A good ra- tion of oats so prepared and three to five ears of corn, with some good hay at night, kept the teams in goorl flesh

and strollg for this hard labor.

Such a vast quantity of food is pro-

duced to the acre, and the stock do so well. that if the farmers will quit thresillg their oats. and feed thc entire o crop oats growing will find a better place, and he more profitable than thc

llli

and then put through a straw cutler,I

I

Strain it illto the sprayer and add arl- ditional water to make 50 gallons. That is the way it is made on tno faml, but you will be able to seirure ready-made borrleaux ill almost any sizeable town. To this it will he llec- essary to add water. Necessity direc- tiolls accompzlllying the package.

FOR CHILDREN ON

RAINY DAYS.

So much has been written regarding

elliwtuillnlollt for little folks oll rainy days, one would suppose all had been said. Not so, for little people will take‘ great delight lu the following pastime, which is so easy that tile mother will feel well repaid:

Take an old magazine, on its pages

carefully paste cuttings; some have illustrations, which make the book quite attractive. Save the fairy and other stories which are published in the Sunday newspapers; ask a. friend or two to do the same; supply the children with lllullt pointed scissors and a jar oi’ paste; the result will be many happy hours, and an amusing as well as instructive book.

()f course a blank hook or a scrap

book is more substantial, but for

conollly and pnstilnc un old magazine

will answer.

l‘icturcs from old calendars are

present method. For the milk cows good, :ls they usually picture some

ghup Ma,-kgi; the "chop" feed as recoulnlcnlled for no

the work horses is fine, and but little

Lambs other grain or hay is found necessary. 311,00 All know that tllresiled oats and the-n

toil spot about wlliuh mother or rsc cull ronilily weave some story

stllrt.illg with the time honored "Once upon a time."

.1 git

u » _

--' , .L I

.D

and

é

After the very simple words were

mastered by the beginners' olass,the old groups were reviewed, with less well known and more ditllcoult words added. auch as: that, flat, ..chat, bran, than sled. shed,, lied, them, when,

-i k til.. D-ick p~iok

and

-ing d-ing s-ing

th~ing Then fo

w-ich stick' s-iok sl-iek

l-lck th-ick chick

r-lck ch.-ick

r-ing br-ing

~ lt-ing str-ing

w-ing aw-ing

ll-ill]

-alle r-ahe b-ske ' s-sire

la-he

C-LKB

m-site w-aka

I-ine

tr: "f"-°

p-ine

sg-he sprine

. _ .<-,,-. .

br-ick qu-ick

ll-fok

none

shells - sn-ake

et _ -

?I‘hen words of, more complex found-

ation sounds were introduced as:

i

iiowed lrvups of wards hav-

ing the long vowel sounds, the effect of the final e, being noted thus-

st-ako

v ine

whlns

tw-ine

ll-ine

spring; and it was not "gentle spring, ethereally mild" as it is in Thomson's Seasons; but nipping spring with an easterly wind, as in Johnson's, Jack- son's Dickens,” Bmith's and Jone's Seasons; The shrubs wrung their many hands bemoaning that they had been over-persuaded by the sun to bud; the young leaves pined; the spar- rows lamented their early marriages; the colours of the rainbow were dis- cernible, not in floral' spring, but in tbefsoes of the people whom it nib- blell and pinched.-Dickens.

Suitable poems are: .' The First Mild Day in March.- ‘Wordswortb . _, *Lines Written in March.-Words worth.

Home Thoughts from Abrosd.--

Browning.

*March-Bryant.

*The Robin.-Whittier. Early Spring, 1st fd\\r`verses.-Ten-

nyson. . -

_ .Sir-Lancelot and Queen Quinevere,

,lst two verses.-Tennyson. - fspring, from the French.-Lcng~ felliii. ' ' ‘Those marked ' are suitable for

~ -young children -and s very successful

Ind d, a 8 - A different set of muscles is required in swimming to those used in walking and the strongest and best-knit frames are always built up when the exercise is varied and complete. The clean- liness is also a powerfulasset Ducks cannot keep clean without swimming. as they always get dirty on land n altogether a ditlrent degree to fowls.

Food similar to what we give grow-

ing cockerels will do for them, that is, always rather on the nitrogenous side There are only three diseases which seem to trouble ducklings-cramp, sun- etroke, and breakdown. The ilrst can only come when there are kept under the most unsuitable conditions. Damp brickand stone houses are the chief cause, small, dirty, soil runs, and wet bedding. 1 have met cramp when

geople have attempted to rear duck- ngll in towns but very rarely on farms. Snnstroke can be guarded against by giving shade. ~ When the ducklings are hatched late, towards midsummer, hot* only should the run besheded as mash ss possible. but oven n shallow pen 'oi viator may be allowed in the run. as i is not cold enough to give them s chill, and may prevent heat lexy. Breakdown or iimbwesrgbes s canned by insnfhciencyof itll phste

al-onnmmie developed also has o 1 l ""lo':"'toll&rhh§° lm Alun in moldings I mol" u. - -mn. -my ~~ af :tc ° '°".° ° ’. "”°'°°°‘ ’ cf" '° ....2 s. .lr ..._ ...err c-.2>.§¥.`:`é_f..`I,¢'_';.W.'l,..... .,...~r.'.f..°~..:»°:,-.r.fr,, Q _. _ _ _ 1 A . _ _ _ ,,

'ram spoiling drills were carried-,f2f~eipsa ttidetbs portals-of~the spring

sim-lnensi'st.andi ‘til nt ,i ststerisl is urn pm_ent°ln sulillclexid

TORONTO, MAY 12

.1-logs,oifCars .... Cattle.... .. . _ __ Lambs.... Barley..

TORONTO

$9.40 8.60 11.00

.82

Butter.... ........._31c. Eggs.. __ . ...._.20c. Cheese (large(.'. ......i9c.

MONTREAL. MAY 12

in

QQQ

`l`l"l TUUUI

Hogs, off Cars.... Cattle.. Lambs..

MDNTRIAL

Deduot Commissions

‘ from these prices Butter .. sic.

Cheese (large).... ......181,§c.

f IUFFALO

g`ogs, Fed and watered.. .._...Ss.15f `tt'le.... 8.85;

‘1Ambs.... ....10.25, Barley.. ...85

NIW YORK

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