He Wanted To See The Far Side Of The Moon

Saint John and Moncton, N.B.,l5cience at Wesleyan, taking his

By GEORGE KITCHEN Canadian Press Staff Writer WASHINGTON fCP> The

head man of the United States earth satellite program is a soft- spoken onetime Halifax school boy who long has harbored a quiet curiosity to see the far side

until the family moved to Hali- fax in 1917. He now considers Halifax his boyhood home since he received much of his basic education there, attending Joseph Howe and LeMarchant public schools and, later, Bloomfield

of the moon. High 5Ch001-

Chances are, if the U.S. puts»

enough money and effort into its Satellite operations, he'll get his wish in the not-too-distant future.

He is Dr. John Peter Hagen, 49-year-old astronomer who grew up in Nova Scotia, emigrated to Boston with his family 30 years

ago, ditched a budding law ca-,

reer for science part-way through college and was picked out of rel-

ative scientific obscurity in 1955:

to direct the U.S. Navy’s satellite operations. MOON NEXT STEP

Since then, he has become a “name” figure in- the U.S. scien- tific fraternity. In the process, he has experienced frustration, dis- appointment and, finally, juIbila— tion when on March 17 his efforts put aloft Vanguard I, official U.S. entry in the 1957-58 International Geophysical Year satellite sweep- stakes.

As director of the original Van- guard project, under navy aus- pices, Hagen heads the official U.S. satellite program, although the army later came in wi‘th a program of its own and actually got a satellite in orbit—Exploner I—two months ahead of Hagen’s Vanguard.

With his satellite program un- der way, Hagen now believes the “next logical step” would be to orbit a satellite as far as the

moon. It would depend on the-

willingness of the country to go ahead with research, but he thinks it certainly could be done within a year or so.

With sufficient tools, he said in an interview, a satehlite going up that far could be captured by the moon and become a satellite of the moon itself. More important, it could photograph the far side of the moon—something mankind has never seen.

Hagen confessed that he, like other astronomers, has what he calls an “intellectual” curiosity about the far side of the moon. “We would learn a lot about the moon by seeing it all way around,” he said. “We’d learn its real dimensions and its shape. Right now, for instance, we don’t know whether it bulges out on the other side.”

WANTS TO GO BACK A native of Amherm, .S., Ha-

In 1928, the family. moved to Boston and it is one of John Ha- gen’s keenest regrets that he never has been able to find time to revisit the Maritime provinces, though he has from time to time been to Ottawa on scientific mis- sions.

“The closest I’ve ever been to Nova Scotia since my school days has been in an airplane—flying overhead to or from Europe,”. he said. “I keep intending to go back for a visit but, somehow, a scien- tist doesn't find too much time for vacations.”

Since he took over the Van- guard project in 1955, Hagen has spent up to 16 hou-rs a day, in- cluding weekends, directing the intricate, complex problems in- volved in stepping into space. He customarily carries his lunch in a black dinner pail so as not to lose time.

SWITCH TO SCIENCE

A man of gentle humor, Hagen said his recollection was that Nova Scotia is “just about popu- lated with Hagen-s.” His parents, John Thomas I-Ilagen and the for- mer Ella Fisher of Port Mouton,‘ N.S., now live in Dorchester, Mass., but make periodic trips back to the Maritimes to visit their many relatives.

Hagen, a U.S. citizen by virtue of his parents having taken out citizenship papers when he was a minor, recalled that he always had majored in science, even as a youngster in Halifax, but had made a legal career his profes- sional goai.

He studied law at Boston Uni- versity but switched to science when Wesleyan University in Con- necticut offered him a job as a teaching assistant in physics. The Depression was deepending rap- idily and, Hagen said, a ready- made salaried job as a teacher looked more inviting to him than the prospect of hanging out his law shingle for clients who might never come.

He pitched wholeheartedly into

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Master’s Degree in 1931. He spent’ two years in graduate wofk at

N a v a I Research Laboratory on the outskirts of Washington. He, experimented with radar in the 19405, received a doctor’s degree in astronomy at Washington’s Georgetown University‘ in 1949 and then turned his attention to radio astronomy.

It was from the naval labora- tory, where he was superintend-‘ ent of the atmospheric and astro- physics division, that the United States government selected him three years ago to take charge of its earth satellite program. NOT A RACE

As director of that Vanguard project, Hagen was responsible for getting the first U.S. sateliite aloft. Last October, months be- fore he was ready to attempt his first launching, the Soviet Union beat him to the punch with its successful firing of Sputnik I. But it was characteristic of John Hagen, who says he never viewed the program to launch earth satellites “as a race,” that

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Thursday. May 8. 1958 The Guardian Page 18 l'°"°"“““°’ °’ ’ "” "“'g°"l

spheres all designed to probe the

outer reaches of the earth's at-‘

Yale and, in 1935, joined the U.S. ’

once bested in his own effort he should turn with equal vigor to obtaining every possible ounce of scientific information from that first Soviet satellite.

He gathered his scientists around him, set them to work and within less than 48 hours was able to announce that he had ‘fa picture" of the Soviet satellite.

U.S. prestige abroad was badlyl

tige slumped a few more points. He tried again Feb. 5 and pro-‘ duced another flop. Meantime,‘ the U.S. Army stepped in Jan. 31 and successfully put its own satel- lite, Explorer I, into orbit. BIGGER SPHERES COMING

On March 17, sporting a glow- ing St. Patrick’s Day tie éthough he says he’s Irish in name only), Hagen sat in his laboratory in the

mosphere and contribute greatly to man's knowledge of near and outer space.

Hagen lives in suburban Arling- ton, Va., with his wife, whom he met while studying in Boston, and their two sons, both of whom have shown an intense interest in science but not as yet in space and celestial signals.

Sees Need For New Category Of Relationship

NEW YORK (Ci-")—The World- Telegram and Sun says edito- rially Canada and the United States should develop a “new category of relationship,” per- haps including a free trade agree- ment.

shattered by the Soviet success Vanguard control centre and and the pressure was on Hagen heard the glad news th-at Van- to equal or better it. He stepped guard I was successfully in space.

Commenting on President Ei- ‘senhower’s forthcoming visit to Ottawa and a recent congres-

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