Che Guardian

Govers Prince Kdward Island Like The lew Wd, Hancox, Publisher

Burien lew Frenk Walker

Executive Editor. Editor

Published. every week day morning (except Sun |,

devs and statutory holidays) at 165 Prince Street, Charlotistown, P.E.1., by Thomson Newspapers Lid. Brench offices af Summerside, Montague, Alber fon and Souris.

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s Member Audit Bureau of Circulation, PAGE & MONDAY, JANUARY - 6, ise.

~ Calling All Candidates

Writing more than a century ago on the institutions of democracy, de Tocqueville remarked that “a nation ean establish a system of free govern- ment but without municipal institu-

. thons it has not the spirit of liberty.” “Strong intermediate and local. in- stitutions,” «said this . celebrated French statesman and philosopher, “are democratic necessities. They en- “Courage men and women to take an- active rather than a passive part in the business of government; and while there must be many limitations on Jocal freedom, especially whenthe- economy works on a narrow margin, ‘Tt is healthy to. have a,division: of

___power. between the centre and the locality, The ensuing tensions and accommodations are in themselves productive of life and vigor.”

“these reflections are worth keep- ‘{ng in mind during the next few

: weeks, when, civic affairs will be in

_ the limelight, At least,‘ they should

-* be, in anticipation of the civie elec-

. tion-in February. As we suggested the other day, it is no reflection on

“the yecorit of ‘the present City Coun-

_* gil to say that its members, if offer-

_ ing for re-election, should face a ' lively contest at the polls. We do not - think that the Mayor and Council-

- lors, and members of the Water

Commission, would wish it other- It*tas been said that our citizens are too complacent about the

‘ workings of their municipal organiz-

~~-ation: Certainly jt is discouraging to note the slim attendance—quite of-

. ten the absence of any observers ex- cept officials and’ press representa- tives—at the regular Council’ meet- ings, when civic business is transact- ed. This business, by statutory pro- vision, must be conducted openly, so that all and sundry may follow what 4s going on. So few take advantage of this privilege that the benches. provided for public accommodation are ly as empty as church pews ©

“on week days. Let’s hope there will be a revival

of public interest before the élection date, and that the Board of Trade

--. will be successful in its efforts to " stimulate competitive entries in the

eontest. The Board doesn’t claim any }

‘monopoly of- leadership in this. mat-

ter—any other organization can do

likewise. The thing is to get the ball . folling, and induce the best available “candidates to come -forward.

‘We know of no better way of _ Maintaining interest in public busi- ~ “ness all through the yon

it be in federal, provincial or affairs—-than through brisk election , Campaigns. This may mean sacrifice on the part of some of our citizens in nominating—the best men are usual- dy the busiest—but It is worth while... That, we think, is part ‘of what de ' ueville had ih. mind. when he

Red Colonialism — = Although many Afro-Asian na- “tions seem not to have heard-of- it, it.

Mf ind secret that while the West has

3 = 3 & = S z = 5 g

outright annexed

lites held separately or shared be- tween them, Here is how it was done:

“In September, 1939, in a joint operation with Nazi Gerrhany, Rus- sian troops invaded Eastern ‘Poland: and seized 69,860 square miles with 12 million’ people. Two months later they moved dgainst Finland and subsequently ‘bit off. 17,000 square miles, The following June they | grabbed the three Baltic states of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, That game month Moscow obliged the Ro- manian government to surrender the provinces of Bessarabia and North-

ern Bucovina,

In the autumn of 1944 the autono- -mous Republic. of Tannu Tuva, lying betyeen Outer Mongolia and Russia, was absorbed by the Soviet Union. In June, 1945, Czechoslovakia was ob- liged to hand over the province of Ruthenia, Just before Japan sur- rendered to the United States, Mos- cow jumped into the Far Eastern war _ and won. the Kurile Islands and South ‘Sakhalin Island, In April, 1946, in di- rect violation of the Potsdam agree- ment with the Western powers, Mos- cow annexed Konigsberg in East Prussia. This brought the total terri- . tories physically incorporated into the Soviet Union to over 300,000 square miles: with 25 million people. - As another variety of colonialism, between 1944 and 1948 the area of eastern Europe which had been over-— run by Soviet troops in the course of ‘their march to Berlin was converted into the seven satellites of Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Ger- many, Hungary, Poland and Roman- ja. Discounting Albania, which has slipped .out of the Moscow orbit, and adding Outer Mongolia, in Russia’s sphere since the 1920’s, these Soviet satellites total over a million square miles with &@ combined population of

95,936,000,

Not to be outdone by Moscow and not content with its newly acquired ‘control over one of the greatest ex- panses of the earth—four million square miles of mainland China with -a population of, 700 million—Peking launched an attack in 1950 to bring down its first foreign victim, {! gutonomous kingdom of Tibet, with . 450,000 square miles-and. 1,000,000 "people, Tibetan monks fled to India for refuge, and the Chinese, in re- taliation, invaded Indian territory -and seized sizable slices of land.

Red China also acquired an in- terest in, if not control.over, three aatellites which it shares with the Soviet Union—North Korea, North “Vietnam, and Albania. These split satellites total 122,135 square miles with. a combined population of 23,- _ 571,000. .oF bo

Right ‘now the Red Empi probing the soft. spots of Laos, Viet- . ‘nam and Cuba. All to the tune of Nikita Khrushchev’s boastin the retent ComMunist Party con- gress in Moscow that “colonial- -ism is doomed, and a stake will be driven into its grave!”

. EDITORIAL NOTE

Prime Minister Diefenbaker is .. getting seat belts in his‘car, accord- ing to the Canadian Highway Safety Council. Not a “partisan body, the Council believes that this policy could _ be followed with equal benefit by

Grits, Socialists and. Tories. AS * *

heels at. his services:

ishishers must leave their ‘ destruc- |: portico, “They have already done untold damage to the floor of his eleventh ceritury church, which the congregation is

tive footwear in the

endeavoring to beautify. . * *.

_ A Church of England cle: according to a report from Oxford, ~has taken his courage in his hands by barining the .wearing of stiletto |.

_ It 4s pleasing. to note that Lady ,

_ creates a vacancy. A candi

“ANOTHER BA

THE U.N.'S BOND ISSUE -

x

Obduracy. Brings

The $200 million United, Nat- | ments, 's special committee ©

fons bond issue, aimed at post- poning bankruptcy for the organ- ization, is ani expedient made necessary by the obduracy of a nfimber of members who oppose

special UN undertakings approv-

ed by the General sembly.”

The two major commitments are to the Congo UN. force and to the-Middle Fast force. The

for the former, $1.6 million for the latter.

Soviet group in refusing to con- -tribute to the Congo operation; athe Soviet bloc. and most Arab

nations refuse to contribute to

the Middle East force.

~The result has been a grow- deficit, expected to total $107.5 million. by the end of the year and $170 million by next June,

” 95 YEAR TERM

The. bond issue will ‘be sold t governments and ‘banking in- stitutions; “payments will be made over a 25-year period, at two per cent interest. Had each UN member paid-its proper as- sessment for the -Céngo and Middle East operatidns, the bond issue would not be necessary.

In effect, the governments that: have already contributed are now going to be asked to

~ contribute more than their fair

share of UN expenses. For loans made at two per cent these days are a form of subsidy.

This would net be too import-

ant, were it not for the fact that |

‘the delinquent members retain their full rights im the UN.

Although the UN charter permits |

the organization to withdraw voting rights in the General As

sembly from members who fall | two vears behind im their pay- |

New French Dictionary National Geographic Society . ‘The French genius for precise | support. The visits can be. har-

laiiguageé and literary contro- versy reaches an elegant sum- mit in the Academie Francaise.

ch Acade’ consists

__The -

of 40 writers, statesmen, scien- | wand Richelieu |

tists, military “leaders, scholars. _ Cardinal

created, the august society in

1635 to preservé and perfect the |

French language... °

The Academy moves with the |

deliberation proper to a. body

whose members often ate called |

the. Immortals. In 300 years it

has compiled eight . editions of | ~ its definitive dictionary. It also

has written a Freneh grammar so complicated that schools re fused to-use it.

We Te FOUR WORDS PER WEEK The Academy started writing

the ninth edition of the diction-. any in 1937 and has progressed only

-to the “ch” w6rds. Mem- bers define an average of four words at each of their weekiy meetings. At this raté, “they should finish the Z's about 2085. A new edition then will be start- ed. : Membership in the French Academy is one of France's highest and most elusive hon- ors. Moliere, Voltaire, Balzac.

Flaubert, and Zola were reject. ed. Victor Hugo tried four times-

before he was admitted. Tae poet Fernand Gregh waited: 3 years before he was accepted, in 1953, at the age of 80.

Bad health sometimes helps.

- The contemporary novelist

Francois Mauriac said: “They elected me ofly because’ 1 was ill, and everyone expected me to vdie, Zola was too healthy—. he was nominated 19 times, and

* new member only vhen Gast te applies im writing to the Perpe- tual Secretary for t ter has been read to the: Acad-

emy, the applicant calls upon |

2. tha

| in the world. a | The Netherlands, which clung

| Irian?

. es from men of the samie ‘cail-

vote.

-decessor. The sAcademy then extends the wel- ‘explains: “It

Director. Then the speeches be- “—and epigrams sparkle.”

“T have too much ‘respect |

_is im_for life. A few years

he_vacaat of chair. Once the fet.

Threat Of

e Ottawa Citizen

the UN has been Unable to agree that the rule covers special as- sessments in adition to normal

payments for routine purposes. —

It may be that ‘the repayment

of the $200 million debenture | issue will bé incorporated in the |

UN's ordinary financial struet-

ure, to which the delinquent |

countries do contribute; in that

UN pays out $10 million a month | case, they will be paying indir-

ectiy for the Congo and Middle East operations. But they may

France, Belgium, “Portugal, balk even at-such payments.

_ South Africa and some of the | ‘Arab states have joined the

DELINQUENT MEMBERS The UN will then find itself hard put to it ta meet its an- anual payments, unless the bond holders - offer a moratorium.

Sukarno’s

RRIERTOBERLIN .

%

Bankruptcy :

Ambition ~

By Rod Currie _ Canadian Press Staff Writer

Indonesia's President Sukarno ) agreement, saying it gave In-

has .been described as a poli- | tician by instinct... . |

Now: his instinct has led him | in pursuit of a land of swamp and jungle that is-one of the most underdeveloped countries

to largely impenetrable West | New Guinea and its 700,000 pov |

-erty ~ stricken Papuan inhabi-

tants +-when Netherlands East | Indies became Indonesia in 1946, | looks on the territofy as a great lability. e

What, then, is the great at- traction ofthe island which tne Indonesians already call West |

The word “prestige” pops up | time and again as writers and commentators potider the situa- tion.

Sukarno points to ‘the 1946

rowing. One crusty Immortal, bluntly |

told Alfred de Vingy, a 19th-cen-

tury poet and novelist: ‘I dé not

read, monsieur. | reread. There- fore I do not know your books.” |

Flattery- has helped. A mem- ber snapped at Victor Huge. “Is your poetry any good?” The) poét replied: ‘I have been told, | monsieur, that it is as fine as | your speeches, but I don’t be | lieve it.” ~ >

The most. determined oppost- tion to.an aspirant usually com-

ing. But when an Immortal supports a candidate, he is often heroic in‘ his efforts. Some have - been carried on stretchers to

CHILLY WELCOMES

The formal admission ofa new member not infrequently sets off fireworks, The 19th-cen- tury fa. Charles Augustin Saint uve said: “Spain has her bulifights;-France has her academic receptigns.”” Cor ‘A newcomer is expected > te make a speech praising his pre Director. of the

come. Andre Maurois, biograph- er, novelist, the Academician, sometimes hap- pens that the newromer has no admiration for his ~ predecessor and is in turn disliked by

come subacid, catty ~ words

Ajexandre~ Dumas fils ceeded a dramatist named brun. In his speech Dumas

i

ak

M, Lebrun's mem to give ptaises-he himself he not ae :

\

5

3

:

because a candidate he suppert- | -

i

defeated. informed defection,

said:. sign from the Ac

ed was

i ex

evaey

o*

~~

donesia sovereignty over “the

| whole territory of The~. Nether-

lands. Indies.” West New Guinea should have been included and his country was shortchanged, he says, boastfully promising his

people he will set the account |

straight. 2

On the other side, the Dutch have been sinking up to $30,000,- 000 a year to keep West New Guinea afloat.

Despite the expense they are reluctant to give up- their last

possession in the Pacific and see |

it'as an escape for some of the

200,000 Eurasians who might |.

wish to leave! Indonesia. ~-

But their main opposition to Sukarno’ stake - over bid is that Indonesia has no ethnic, linguis- tic or religious fraternity~ wita the Papuans,~ #

INDONESIAN COLONY

To Sukarno’s cry that he seeks ‘| to break the grip of a coloniai

power, the Dutch reply-,that if they handed over the island it would simply become..a colony of Indonesia instead of The Neta- erlands. aa ry

_Also the Dutch, and” many Westerh countries, are reluctant to see a people delivered into the handsof a government that has shown itself ‘to be so reck- less — particularly in the han-

dling of Dutch residents of -In-~

donesia following independence.

Whatever happens, the country that takes up half the island of New Guinea will need outside

help for a long, long time. Aus. | | tralia administers the other half.

occur, , the hivelike ewellings involve the The most serious

“| pressure

‘| sponses of the body to chilling

passage of dark brownish urine. ‘A Wholesale destruction of cells —

From Exposure ~ To Cold Air

z

i

E EN?

lin

7 z 3 d i

These individuals ha

Z3 % a

hf

of all is generalized shock (‘an- aplytnotig reactidn).~The blood |

alls, the pulse quick-~ ens, and the skin turns blue fol- | lowing exposure to cold. The in- | dividual becomes il) rapidly and may’ lose consciousness.

The attack Kenly is preci tated ‘by a cold shower, C ice cream, or.drinking an liquid. The anaphylactic may be responsible for some of the fatal accidents that’ occur among swimmers. © ‘One of the most vundsual re-

is cold %

persons have special antibodies in the blood that are activated by oete. seth Bayanlle wpb 9 er exposure, these special

bodies disintegrate the red blood corpuscles and the iron content escapes from the blood into the

urine. x

The individual suffers .. from aching and pain in the back, legs, or abdomen, along with chills, fever, weakness, and the

brings anemia. Meanwhile, the | hands and feet become cold and white or bluish in color.

In some instances,‘ cold sensi- tivity results from previous in- | jury due to cold, such as frost- bite, The fingers, toes, ears, and

‘| mild chilling.

| treated through repeated con-

| ope accompanies request.)

‘CORTISONE IN ARTHRITIS. , ts and others don't?

“edies for arthritis. The corticos-

| sician are awafe of the limita- | | tions of the hormone and will |

\.s6 severe the risk is justified. |. ‘Others are more lenient in pre-' |

-hook stomach affect .the health?

| bile chest X-ray. show emphy-

‘more of the details needed te

nose become numb, cold, white, or blue following exposure to

Ordinary cold allergy is tact with cold. Adrenalin or cortisone may be used to coun- teract the more severe reac- tions. : 4 (Dr. Van Dellen will answet | questions on medical topics if | stamped, self-addressed envel- |

G.R. writes: Why © do some doctors give cortisone for arthri-

REPLY » Because there are other rem-

teroids such as cortisone are uséful in some forms of arthrit- is and not in others. Some phy- |

not use it unless the artpritis is |

scribing potent remedies. -

HOOK-LIKE STOMACH E. W. writes: How does a fish-

REPLY

Fishhook refers to the shape of the stomach when seen under X-rays. The shape doesn’t af- fect health unless itacatches an ulcer, developes a malignancy, or belongs to aneurotic- indivi- dual or an alcoholic.

HOME CARE TO TB M. H. writes: Can alight case of tuberculosis be treated at home? REPLY Yes, but it is better to start |. treatment in an institution and

"be transferred home after. the | i

plan of reatment has - been mastered and the individual knows “how to avoid contaminat-_ ing others. . :

X-RAYS AND EMPHYSEMA W..E...H. writes: Will a mo-y

sema? ; ;REPLY .

Severe emphysema, yes, but not the mild type. The regular, | large size, chest films show |

make this diagnosis. ‘TODAYS HEALTH HINT

_ Drivers kill and injure more children than do diseases.

Luce.

Central. He: Se 2

a: : 2

‘

or et fins x Shpky,

child must be born with Ot tawa Journal.

feature for its hundreds of miles of high-speed

highways:"The plan isa series

of wake-up vibrations for the droway: driver.— Victoria Tim- es. :

te

Most practical suggestion ret | for a distinctive Canadian flag |

is a design featuring one beaver and nipe skunks, to represent the can

about a flag. Stratford A railway firemen, aged 66,

S. day estimated that he shovelled 4,-

995 tons of coal while employed as ‘

9 a0 more. He’s now a fireman on a diesel locomotive. — Cape Bre- ton Post.

Hairdresser Jacques Dessange couldn't find hotel rooms for two of his assistants in Moscow so he decided to send them back to Paris..When he applied for

tickets for them, he was told a | a

Intourist that transportation w impossible unless the application

blanks | addresses in Moscow. — Paris

Press.

NOTES BY THE WAY

— | earried, _ recumbent,

lo pleaniag a new,

1

| A donkey cart and 9 small sutomobile met in collision side Entraiges. The donkey, hurt, found itself on the roof of

| the ¢ar which was considerabiy | dented. — Brussels Press. |

&

ae esenting the struggle of miniature. ‘The difference that in life, there are neo time periods,. no tr | oxygen when you weaken, very few cheers when B sad t

' ee

TSESE

, field. — Calgary Herald,

@ * | Every time:e No. 2% bus | tered Clarendon Park at Lei

ter, it slowed down, The driver | and the conductor seemed to be looking’: for «something in road. On the seventh trip the conductor shouted happily, jum- ped off .and_returned with a set of false teeth? He had lost them | when he had sneezed hard that \“morning. .— London Evening - |. Standard. 5

$3

one or two #e-~time, ever since.. | The man keeps a light in the | loft to. weleome them home.

‘| They are homing pigeons, in- _

stinctively fly home whenever. opportunity lets them. — Cape Breton Post. .

New ‘reason for losing am. | election is advanced by“a de

| féated candidate in a municipal

election for a public utilities commissioner in Cooksville, One - defeated candidate, Richard Christian Frode Mortenson, | contends that the length pf his | name, which by taw has to be | given in full on a ballot, | only one-eighth of an inch at the end of the ballot. for voters te put their crosses. Mr. Mortea- son says that this gave an un- fair advantage to the winning candidate, Joseph Dobbs. — Let- ter Review. ‘

~ Banking In Canada

Fredericton Gleaner

When an increase in the lend- ing resources of the Industrial Development Bank was discuss-

ed in the Commons this Sum- |

mer, Firfance Minister Fleming said it would help “‘the reten- tion-in Canada of the ownership

and control of Canadian busi: |

ness’’, ~

The bank's report for the fis- cal year ended September 30 in- dicates that additional resources to assist this.national policy are to be useful. .

The report. shows a remark- able expansion in activity— an 84 per cent increase in the num- ber_of loans which rose in value from $38,600,000 in the fiscal year 1960 ta $71,200,000.

The amendments approved by

Parliament in July broadened |

the area of business in’ whigh

4

, loans may be gnanted and in creased the resources availaole for lending from about $157,000,- 000 to $400,000,000.

The bank was established by the Government in 1944 to make | credit available to industrial en- | terprises which might be expect- | ed to prove successful if a high level of national income and de velopment ‘were maintained. The_loans assist the establish | ment, expansion and moderniz ation of Canadian businesses | where the required financing ie not available elsewhere on rea | sonable terms. The bank in ef- | fect is a’ bank of last resort foe - |‘many borrower's, whose plans, | experience and. capacity are examined by IDB experts before public funds are loaned.

“*

China. And India

Ottawa Citizen

OUR YESTERDAYS From ‘the Guardian Files TWENTY - FIVE YEARS AGO

(January 8, 1937) Mr. Walter Fowler, superin-

Danes. Teach English eset st canting Aware

compliment an t re- cently started in the Danish public schools

school b

teachers

job.

Up to

are to

each year *

. In the ‘present test z 138 els 53 ead BEeAS AE: ena

Chatham Daily News

7

wes

i Li

al

g 3 i

TE ag8t id fe

i i if

—_4 s ez. @ fe @ 20 o mn

qs fl FF iS

|

for Montreal. with the single-en- “Faire . plane. He bring back a twin-engined

The second “ used on the Magdalen Island

o

- | trying to expand by force

| You cantye ALL-OUT)

ion of the 20th century fs stilt im a dynamic, agressive phase,’

a&

. Moreover, the

nist revolution is based on est- ablished national states, regimes in Moscow and ing directing operations. sion @an

- i deelai

Minister Nehru- indicates I will. ‘s

Mr. Nehru deserves every couragement ing ’ to hold back Chi alee came ism from his own borders. Ne doubt he will receive whatever help he needs and requests. But by the same token, Mr. Nehru should be able to recognize the - wish for national integrity of other countries which are trying to-stem Russian and Chinese ex- pansionism. __—- t ‘

E

an act of aggression, to be re sisted. : Resistance against

.

Today's tense

-,

‘WF youfee! ALL-IW

pes