e With

Us And See

What PEI Has T0 Oiier! a

ltiraisasale

I! Provincial Department of

fiohanunent is where one finds it; nasnmer holiday in Prince Edward Island one should traverse it-not soo hurriedly-from one end to the other, pausing every now and than

gore Industry and Natural Iosonofl

and to get the most out of a

Coverehissoallwldlslsodlibstiaebew

island Achievement One 0f Remarkable Interest

By Prof. hank llaelinno. Principal of Prince of Wales College

AUGUST 13. 1949

SECOND SECTION

PAGE SEVENTEEN

b hke one's bearings, with eyes end ears alert but in a mood of care- '

flee and happy acquiescence. Ior there is scarcely a village or rural stream or babbling brook, leafy lane, sandy belch own, and eulogy. My pleasant attractions- y well-informed visitor room for inquiry into

homestead, a valley. or rocky headland. that has not

about which pages could not be written by way of

duty here will be to enumerate s

skimming lightly over matters which the usuall

knows beforehand, and leaving

fascinating nooks and byways. We could

the your map, then, and come along

Here we are at Tignish, Indian word meaning

about twelve miles Lighthouse. ting out beyond the point a

North Cape is a formation of rock extending about three miles. It

was formerly known as Hogan's Reef. ind many a good sailing vessel came to an untimely end there. Southeast a little Tignish are the famous Kildare Capes, recently described by a noted United States geologist as one of the most beautiful format- ions he had ever seen. Leaving Tignish on the Green- mount road we cross the bridge at the head of the MontroseRiver Be sure to look this over. Then we come to Alberton, where you must drive down to the harbour. h the middle of this beautiful harbour is "Oulton's Island." Mr Oulton in partnership with the late Sir Charles Dalton founded the famous silver fox industry of Prince Edward Island many years ago. Many ships were built in Al- berton and they took cargoes of Prince Edward Island producc to many parts of thc world. Mv father, Chnrlcs R. Rogers, took several cargncs lav sailing ship from Alberton harbour to New- foundland. the West Indies. and South America. He married a Newfoundland girl. so I have the love of two islands in my hcart. Leaving Albcrton we comealong the paved highway to Bloomfield, and here we should certainly stop and visit McAuslrmrTs woolen mills wl-icre wc find the old art of making beautiful woolcn blank- ets still prncticcd. lVinny of these are purchased by tourists and Iocal citizens.

0'Lcary And Vicinity

Let us pause here for half a day and gct Mr. Peter Pate. who lives in O'Leary. a few miles

from

a charm and interest of its ome of the lesser known

ample start our tour at sny part

Island, but for convenience let's go from West to East. Pick up

with mei

whose name came from the old Mlcmac “n puddle". A visit around the peculiar "set in“ wharves_ will prove interest- ing: and then let us go north to North Cape A lovely drive. Jut-

t

away, but who has a large motor boat on the Mill River. a couple of miles from Bloomfield. to take us for a sail upon the River- renliy it is magnificent. Don't miss this trip. There are miles and miles of enclosed salt water with surrounding scenery that most geople can only read about in ooks.

After this. proceed to O’Leary, which is on a paved branch of the main highway. Be sure and visit A, J. Mathicson‘! museum here, which contains many inter- esting Indian relics, ship models and other curios.

Get someone to go with you to West Point. ten milcs away, and show you the site of the proposed West Point-Buclouche highway ferry service. It is a drive triangle- beautiful farming country, and then you come to lovely beaches and fine trout strcnms.

Returning from O'l'.onry we cut in to Tyne Vnllcy and to Eller- slie, where the Dominion Govern- ment oyster biological station is located and whore, too. some in- terestlng son trout cxpcrimcnts are being cnrricd out. You can also go to Port Hill scvcrnl miles away and takc n motor boat across to Lcnnox Island. which is

a only Indian reservation we it». A mast interesting and iendly plnco to visit.

Egmnnt Bay District

Returning to the main highway a drive in through Wellington lad make a circuit of the Egmont

en Point, which are almost en- irely French Acadinn. Thcrc are ome beautiful benches aroundthc ores of this section. The people‘ re very friendly and industrious. all at some of the houses and sk to be shown their handicraft. ut better still contact the l-ion. . Wilfred Arscnault at Welling- n, who will gladly direct Y0" the many rcally interesting ings to be found in this section. l Returning to the main pave- i ent we come along to Mlscouche:

. rnous Mamcque oyster section- on spats tied to floats. and have oyster farming explained in e lief/ail. - .

Returning to the highway. we come to the blg Snmmerslde RC. Al‘. airport. and then St. Elean- crs which was once the County last. The old original court house

and one of the oldest churches il°li°wlnl 111mm”

(Church of England) is just near- l7. Then we are avlumrnerslda Olsioh. I understand. is covered

dlgenous. and had villages tribal ‘ selves. one pictures race of tall. vlrile warriors. roclous in appearance, stealthy of foot. keen of scent and eye. ‘£1116 scantly at that season but during wlnternnonths in the skins of ani- mals, which they tracked with un- erring skill through virgin forest and lush undergrowth.

a seemingly lvfltmscs. of Algonquin stock, which left and Within " flourished in Hi8 adlolnins maln- in the mid provinces. They, or the Lrlbes which preceded tho :1, left but few ere you can see the small oys- "mo;

was preserved hy c "lilting archae- fi-orn whose arlic! on prehistoric shell heaps in P= "a Edward Is- land, appearing f". the American Antiquarian of J.. wary i896. the

"We went ashore boats at several places, and among others at n fine river of little depth, where we caught sight of some Indians in their canoes who were crossing the river. On that bccount we named this river Canoe River. But we had 3o further acquaintance with the savages as the wind came up off the sea, and drove upon the shore. so that we deemed it advisable to go back with our longbonts to the ships."

This glimpse of the early in- habitants of what is now Prinw Edward Island ls given by Jacques Cartier in his account of his first voyage to this continent four hun- dred years ago. Unfortunately. it is but a glimpse; a brief flash. piercing the darkness of the past. but proving beyond (ioubt the ex- istence of human llfe in this then savage and unknown rcglon of the

world.

P e r h a p a the Indians Cart.-

ler saw were roving hunters, whose

winter habttailons were on the mainland. Perhaps they were ini- All peculiar to them- theim as a Is-

Of the history of these early nhabitanle we know next to noth- ng. except that they were part of tenstve tribe of

Fortunately, of FlCfl traces as xisted up to fifty y ~srs ago record

‘ogist, Prof. J. ‘falter Fawkes.

n is. obtained: Aboriginal P puialea

' fOontinued on Page so

to have been the acme of a con-

in our long-

The map of Prince Edward sea-cows of North Cape. the fl Cavendish; and, on the south

of settlers at Belfast, the birth of

charming blending of colour in

and sound of the sea.

—"Prlnce Edward Isiand", in the Canadian Geographical Jo

Prehistoric Traces ' Of Indian Occupation

..__.._______>________ aiderable aboriginal population in Prehistoric times. and was undoubt- edly well adapted for the continu- ous support of savages in both win- ter and summer. Every stream had a plenteous supply of native Wale". Ind the lame resources were calculated to furnish an abundant food supply.

While little attention has been paid to collecting Indian relics on the Island, a considerable num- ber of stone implements have been found by local anttquarlans. These include stone axes and hatchets, arrow heads and spear-points said to have‘ been found near summer-

(Contlnued on Page 2'1) Foreword -

The struggles and achievements f of those who laboured so strenu- ousiy for so many years to secure the freedoms we now enjoy in- spires us today to make our Pro- vince of Prince Edward Island a place worthy of the proud herit- age we possess. ,

With the aid of modern science I and the hope of improved trans- portation, we confidently look for- ward to the rich future our fore- fathers so keenly held in their vision. We must be worthy of this trust and make our say and generation one that will be re- spected as muoh as we respect the achievements of those who went before us.

Our biggest asset is the type of people who live here. They have agriculture. fishing, and the tour- lst industry to develop.

We welcome visitors with truly "island" hospitality.

The annual Provincial Exhibit- ion and Old Home Week is again upon us. This Inhibition and tne numerous smaller ones held throughout the Province are high- ly educational, and very enjoy- able.

Best wishes to you all. J. WALTER JONII Premier

pm”. mpg-d Island is believed

Provincial Building, Charlottetown, August, lbil

oyster beds of Malpeque, the wreck of the ‘Marco F010‘

fields, White birches, and blue sea;

And we, who bear the lighter part. Of these whose race is rum- “The Axe, the Bible. and the Plow, have made our nation mighty now."

To deftly whirl the droning

The homespun product wind; »

To sevlw, tanweave-such was their boast; and who shell say "”I‘waa labour os .

Oh, dear departed, weary ones; May reverence guard your holy bo For us, ‘tla all that we ca The grateful tear to shed; Keep green the memory. and the grave; and guard the heritage ye gave.

quoted by the late Ifr. Ben]. Bremner ia his "Tales of Abegwelt. '

What The Map Suggests

Island suggests many episodes and

associations, such as Jacques (Butler's landfall at Cape Kildaro. the

rst fox farm ln Cascumpec, the at Cape

shore, the founding of Port la Jole, Captain Marryat'a visit to Fortune Bay, the plexus at field mice at Souris, the ambitious dreams of Jean Pierre Rome, the Selkirk

Charlottetown. Let ue look into

lhelc and other matters, as we ramble about the Island. not forget- ting that there are some things that no map can reveal, such as the

its landscape-the red earth. green and, above all, the sight. smell

by the late Dr. Laurence J. Burpee,

urnal, 1946.

It would puzzle a Philadelphia lawyer to name any geometric figure that would be recognized as like the outline of Prince Edward Island. In one place it has the waist of a wasp, and in another the body of a beetle. It is neither one thing nor another, but something of everything that is remarkable for irregularity.

It is rather ragged than rugged, covered with great water arteries, which are supplied from many rlvuleta and streams. as if the two great Saints, John and Lawrence, had entered into partner- ship to establish a hugh infiltrating machine for the supply of de-

licioua fresh water for all time, cut out of the brlny Gulf and so contrived the overflow that every settler could be near a head of water power. and be enabled to labour and bring its fruits to the world's markets, cut up or ground as required. "

—"The Progress nnd Prospects of Prince Edward Island," by C.'Birch Bagster, 1861.

If history is interpreted as a series of successful solutions of com- munity difficulties, the story of Prince Edward Island ia one 0f N1 merkablo achievement. A century and a hall ago the Province was Q forlorn little colony so beset by unfortunate circumstances that thud seemed no hope for her development; at present, despite her also, shl can boast of a successful tradition of self government and of an effeos tive contribution to the history of Canada. This tradition nnd contribue tion should not be measured by size, power and wbaith-world event! have taught us that those are not the true ..unlts ..for assessing .tho worth of communities-but in the achievements of the Province in re- lation to natural advantages and ia the aoclal condition of the people.

The earliest years of the Island illustrate the nature of her heri- tage. When France held it, the settlers who came suffered famine and plague and the neglect of the home EOVi-Tiimem i" Pa?“ all“!!! l! series of unsuccessful attempts to establish communities. When the British assumed control they did not know what to do with such a small and isolated yet strategically situated colony and they divided if: among some absentee pwpriétvri

(most of whom neglected it) and. vested its administration in a group of officials who had neithcr. the funds nor encouragement to govern effectively.

WIIY ISLAIIITS NAME WAS liiliiiifiiil

Contrary to popular cp nicn Jacques Cartier did not name Prince Edward Island "Ile St. Jean." He did not, in fact, know it was an island, but. suPPOsed it t0 be part of the mainland. It was not until long afterwards that it was named the Island of St. John.

St. John me Baptist seems to have been the cause of much of the confusion that existed regard- ing tbe early history of the Is- land. His was a favorite name with the old navigators. and it was used

Their deeds are. written on the land—-those men of lowly name; Theirs was the strong and faithful hand. unskilled to grasp at fame; , Content to lead a simple life; unvsxed by discontent or strife.

i Till Death's oblivion came. I iThey sowed that, when they "fell on sleep" their children's children

still might reap.

Unused to scenes that stir and thrill, to conquest's lurid glow, Their homely boast, was strength and aklll to lay the forest low; To tear the stubborn stump from earth,

mighty girth '

With strong and steady blow. _ Those were the foes our father's fought, in fields by bloodless battles

bought.

They rest in peace, beneath the sod their toiling hands have won; These fruitful fields, so green and broad. proclaims their work well done. shall keep this legend ln our hearts.

And there were wives, and mothers too, brave, Whose hands were full. whose hearts

chance, in mind.

-A poem by Webster Iiogers,

'1 in

wheel, and on the antique sklening rccl

our ancient honored dead! lies. and love, your lowly bed: n do-ebove the mounds that speak of you-

designatlng many places. There were Cabot's island of St. John, off the east coast of Cape Breton; Gomezts island of St. John, meaning Cape Breton itself; on Sebastian Cabot/s map of 1544, the Magdalena are called St. John; then there were St. foundland. others.

No wonder that, at a later date, Governor Patterson complained of his mails going astray, and asked leave to have the Ilsme of this Island changed.

the river St. John, and

and burst the pine tree's

patient. tender, klnd,-— were true; though crude, per-

'Exhibitions

' From An Early Date

W-hat is believed to be the first

held at Crapaud in the year I820. The advertisement referring to it set forth that "the inhabitants of Crapaud and surrounding country are anxious to open a market with Ramshag" (now Wallace, Nova Scotia) "to exchange sheep for spinning wheels and chairs." It was also announced that "young cattle of the best breeds from Cumberland. Nova Scotia, would meet with purchasers for cash or barter."

Prize money was not, however, supplied by the Government of the Island until I833. In that year a pgize of £2 was offered for the best carcass of ox beef shown in the Market House at Charlottetown, nnd iii for the best carcass of bell. It was reported that the former prlzcwinner weighed 658 lbs. and the latter 394 lbs.

Province-wide Competition

The exhibitions in Charlotte- town were open to competition from all parts of the Province and were held until i808. under the auspices of the Royal Agricultural society; after that they were con- ___

Greetings

I extend a cordial welcome to our many visitors and tourists.

“Old Home Week“ has become a household world. a time of holi- day and enjoyment for all who patronize the manifold attractions provided. while the renewal of acquaintances, visits with relatives and pleasant associations all tend to make Old Home Week a mem- arable, unforgettable one.

May you enjoy the many good things our Province has to offer you and may you carry away liavbv recollections of your visit to "The island."

J. A. BERNARD. Lieuienant-Governon Government Housg

Popular

Iitinued under a. Board of Commis-

Johnks. New- exhibition of Island products wasfslllmers ‘Ppmmed by u“ swam‘

ment.

The cattle show was held for some years at Holland Grove (bounded by Prince. Fitzroy and Euston Streets), afterwards in the field beyond Black Sam's Bridge on Government Farm (now Vic- toria. Park) and again in a field owned by the I-lon. John Long- worih at the Charlottetown end of St. Peter's Road. where annual shows were held up to she year 1881.

After the erection of the Drill Shed (Armourics), from i867 to 1888, the exhibits of grain, veget- ables and other farm and indus- trial products were shown in that building.

New Gmnnds Purchased

Al. the opening ceremony in i888, Judge Hensley, chairman oi the Board of Commissioners. stressed “the imperative necessity for providing more spacious grounds and buildings" and an- nounced that an Association had been organized and incorporated under the name of the Charlotte- town Driving Park and Provincial Exhibition Association and that they had purchased the property known as the Kenslngton grounds "upon which lt ls contemplated to erect large exhibition buildings in the near future, with a view oi making ample provision for the growing requirements of the Pro- vince."

In the Legislature in the some year, a bill was passed empower- ing the Government to pay an an- nual subsidy. not exceeding 02.000 per year. for a period of five years,

any company or association vrhlch would take charge and man- age an annual Provincial agricul- tural and industrial exhibition in Charlottetown, also H.000 a year towards annual County exhibitions in King's and Prince Oountles.

The driving park in Charlotte- town was rnsde ready for races m the autumn of i880. and the Ix- nlottlon buildtngs were ready for the show in 1890.

Charlottetown.

“ullllt l2. I919.

\

Until the year ifi. eonvpotition

The first Governor knew nothing about government, and quarrellerl continuously with his colleagues. The first Chicf Justice tried to bring up n family of ten children in n dilapidatcd house but died of gout nnd starvation in the attempt. The few civil servants lived ‘in. poverty because there were no funds out of which they could be paid, and most of them were pro- secuted for debt. Morevcr, fliers were few attractions for scttlcrsfl the land was not cleared, there were no roads and no funds for public works. It was small wonders that in the eighteenth century both the local administration and the home govcrnmcnt in London hcld little hope for the future o! the colony.

Gradual I2 . elopment

Yet improvement did come in its own time and tho Island's institu- tions gradually developed ns the community grcvu \Vhcn the flrsfl Asscmbly met in n tavcrn in 1T7‘ (and no doubt combined huslncsa with pleasure) the sergeant-ai- arme cxprcsscd the opinion thnfl "this is a damned quccr parlia- ment!" But after many struggles with autocratic govcrnors. the‘ House won the traditional parllr- mcntnry privileges and at icngtif Rained the prestige necessary to make it respected.

The old Council which assistcrl the Governor in his administration was nt first an incffcctive privilv-ire ed group who achieved office by official favoritism nnd family cone nections; but it ultimately gavd way, aftcr the achievement of sci! government, to the modern cube lnct which held office upon thd will of the people.

The Silprcme Court at first con- sisted of the most incompetent anti "YIPIBPPY M16885; indeed one o them. when transferred to Upper. Canada, wrote to the Colonial Soc- retary that "the worst people in the world are at Prince Edward Island. I blessed you for sending me away." Gradually, however, the position of the Court improved‘ when the advance of business and industry stimulated the legal pro- fession,

At first the politics of land were motivated by rivalry and family fueds: for in- stance a grand row was started

the ls- official.

when a Lieutenant Governor elon- cd with tho wife of the Chief Jus- tice nnd tho stepmother of the Speaker of the Assembly. Kct, as constitutional lssucs arose, political parties and the old feuds declined in importance.