Theat

Che Guardian

Covers Prince Edward Island Like The Dew W. J. Hancox, Publisher

“ Wallece Ward Frank Walker Managing Editor Editor

: Published every week day morning (except Sun day and statutory holidays) at 165. Prince Street, Charlottetown, P.E.1., by Thomson Newspapers Ltd. Branch offices at Summerside, Montague, Alberton end Souris.

” Represented nationally by Thomson Newspapers Advertising Services: Toronto 425 University Ave. Empire 3.8894; Montreal 640 Cathcart Street Uni- verity 65942; Western Office 1030 West Georgia

™ Street Vancouver MA 7037.

Member Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers Association and The Canadian Press. The Canadian Press is exclusively entitled to the use for repub- lication of all news dispatches in this paper credited to it or to the Associated Press or Reuters and also to the loca! news, published herein, All right or republication of special dispatches here In also reserved. Subscription rate .

Not over 40c per week by carrier.

$12.00 » year by mail on rural routes and areas not serviced by carrier

$15.00 a year off Island and U.K. $20.00 per year in U.S. and elsewhere outside British Com-

monwealth Not over 7e single copy Member Audit Bureau of Circulation.

PAGE 4 MONDAY, NOV. 29, 1965.

Farm Problems .

Farm problems are being discus- sed at county Federation of Agricul- ture meetings which it is the practice to hold at this time. The more light that can be shed on such problems the better, for the industry itself is going through a hard process of read- justment, and it is well that all our citizens should realize the difficul- ties that are being encountered. This applies all across Canada, though the conditions vary in different areas. Nationally as well as provincially, our economy is so dependent on the well- being of our farmers that none of us can afford to be complacent about their grievances.

situation become so critical as Quebec, where the industrial expan- sion that has benefited the towns and cities has depopulated the farms and eft them with many new problems. Premier Lesage, in speaking last week in the closing session of the Quebec Provincial Liberal Federa- tion, said that the cost of living:on the farm has increased 35 per cent between 1949 and 1961, whereas farm prices have increased only 2.4 per cent. And last month Hon. Eric ‘Kierans,. Quebec minister of revenue,

spoke -with concern about the widen-: +-

ing gap between the rural and ur- ban populations.

As noted in the Montreal Gazette, the problem is not only that the Que- bec farmers are not sharing the ad- vantages of growth but are feeling the disadvantages of rising costs. The problem is also one of mind and spir- it. The farm has. been upheld for generatioris—even for centuries—as the ideal way of life in the province, the citadel of its security and contin- uance. Now this whole concept has been threatened.

-— The Quebec government is well aware of the situation. It has seen farmers march on the Quebec legis- lature in one of the most impressive demonstrations ever staged in the province. And it has seen the reliable and steady farmers turning to such tadical measures as blocking the highways to win attention.

But while much must be done, just éasing and -patching will -really-do very little. Probably the . greatest hope that Premier Lesage sees is that the farmers themselves are coming to recognize the need for change. This awareness, and this request for

~ real solutions, is only just begin- ning. It will be of Canada-wide in- terest to follow the growth of this new attitude, and the success the Quebec governmént has in encourag- ing it.

Beatniks Avaunt!

Beatniks may be all very well in their place, but the Italian police have taken a broom to them, and are de- termined, according to a Rome dis- patch, to sweep them out of Rome and Italy altogether. Long haired youths now are having their docu- ments checked on sight. If they are not in order or owners have no vis- ible means*of support, out they go.

The trouble started six months ago in an old Roman area known as the Spanish Steps, much frequented by tourists, with the arrival of a few un- kempt persons who found it a warm and inviting place to exhibit them- selves. The news rapidly spread through the beatnik bush-telegraph. The numbers steadily grow. Soon the place became an assembly point for unwashed regamuffins from all parts of Western Europe. As long as the sun shone, day after day, these uncouth groups lay around, mostly doing nothing. One could hardly go up ‘or down the steps of the old landmark for the obstruction of sprawled forms, bedding roles, and

other paraphernalia.

Where these modern tramps ate

or slept no one seemed to know. Like __ flocks of bedraggled starlings, they

would without any previous signal

| suddenly rise up and depart, only to | return -again.

Most of them appar- ently had little money, and it was probably this that led to their down- fall. Recently they began to beg and annoy passers-by. It was this that gave ithe police the excuse to inter- vene.

The Rome dispatch is at pains to point out that the Italians, who gen-

| erally have some pride in their ap- ' pearance, have not taken to the beat-

nik craze. The few Italians youths who have become long haired and un- washed are called locally the “hairy ones” (zaz-zaruti) and are being pack- ed off home by the police after a gen- eral clean-up and hair cut. But spec- ial mention is made of the numbers of beatnik Americans and British, Germans and Scandinavians, with a sprinkling of French and Spaniards.

Now the invasion seems to have been pretty well disposed of. Once again tourists and Romans alike can claim the famed old steps in peace and quiet, and the exasperated cit- izenry can turn its attention to mat- ters of graver concern.

Untapped Resources

Man has used the oceans as little more than highways for commerce and hunting grounds for fishermen. Only now is he beginning to poke a

| timid toe into the dim world under ' | water. The plunge offers. glittering

prospects, and who should know

| better than Capt. Jacques-Yves Cous- teau, the French undersea pioneer

who, with five other aquanauts, lived

‘ | for three weeks submerged in: 300 Perhaps in no province has the | in

feet in an underwater: house?

' Within 20 years, Causteau pre-

dicts, mining will be conducted under

| the sea, probably beginning with lead

and tin ore on the continental shelf. Undersea farming will replace fish- ing as a major industry, he thinks, and man will develop underwater communities as work centres at depths of 1,000 and even 2,000 feet.

The world has the scientific and technical competence to master this new world. The need for food and minerals alone gives us reason to do so. national program on oceanography. Cousteau’s conviction, however, is taking hold on other scientific minds, and the next two decades may indeed see revolutionary progress in this direction.

Several weeks ago, 200 scientists and educators from 30 states border- ing the Great Lakes, Atlantic and Pacific oceans met in Rhode Island to consider a new approach—‘“sea grant colleges” to oceanographic research. Federal grants. of land and money more than a century ago helped és- tablish land grant colleges and launch their distinguished work in agricul- tural training and research, and it is reasoned that similar investment could help colleges and universities

| expand practical education and re-

search in this new field. Legislation is now pending in the U.S. congress to finance the idea.

For Asian Development It doesn’t dominate the headlines

as does the fighting in Viet Nam, —

but there is another and much more satisfactory ‘war’. being waged in southeast Asia. It is the war to lift the area out of its poverty and back- wardness through joint efforts of the Asian lands with help from outside.

A major advance in one phase of | this war was scored when representa- |

tives of 31 Asian and non-Asian coun- tries, meeting recently at Bangkok, reached agreement oh the charter for

| an Asian Development Bank. Both

the United States and Soviet Russia were represented at the meeting. The Russians did not make a pledge toward the bank’s $1 billion capital, to which the United States had pledged $300 million, but they promised to report to Moscow. Evéh without a Soviet contribution, the goal should be achieved by late this

month. The charter is scheduled to —

be approved in Manila at that time

by the United Nations economic

commission for Asia and southeast Asia.

There is much for a bank of this kind to do in financing development projects and providing economic and technical advice. There will be far more for it to do when peace is re- stored in Viet Nam.

EDITORIAL NOTE

West German border police re- cently risked their lives twice with- in one week to save East Germans escaping to the West: They stepped

in the line of fire when Communist - _Suards began shooting at the refu-

gees. That, when one comes to

think of it, was a pretty gallant thing

to do. ae f ati

eines aia ciitatiahdhaneaiaia as

Yet there still is no coherent |

|

HORNET'S NEST

i i

| $chull’s calibre ply that pains-

| staking craft? | @bart on it? These were

Why does which interested me about the author of “Laurier.”

Our Yesterdays (From The Guardian Files)

| TWENTY - FIVE YEARS AGO (November 29, 1940) Last night Mr. George S. Gre-

fills a vacancy on the force caus- | ed by the resignation of R. O. | MacLean, who has transferred

to the investigation department of the Canadian National Raii- | ways. Constable Sterns Webster was named permanent success- | or to MacLean and Gegory suc-

Af stirring appeal from a 48 year-old dockyard worker, Owen

equivalent of six cents an hour. | TEN YEARS AGO

OTTAWA REPORT By Patrick Nicholson New Laurier Biograp hy Receives Acclaim

He was born, he told me, in South Dakota 56 years ago, to an English-born father and an Irish- Canadian mother from Mark- ham. Ontario. When Joe was seven, his lawyer-father moved the family to Moose Jaw.

what he felt he could do best, and wanted to do: write. i “Some people think it’s a bo hemian life; but to me it’s a job with fixed hours just like any of- fice job," he told me. He lives

Calculating Cholesterol

53 i

il Hf :

ty (lipid) molecules

cholesterol, triglycerides, pholipids, and fatty acids that play a role in metabolism. Chol-

in blood is manufactured in the liver. The remainder comes from fats in the diet. Animal fats tend to increase and vege- table fats’ lower the level. But cholesterol is only one of sever al high risk factors that play a tole in the development of hard-

attacks develop but do not length of survival aft- individual has had coron-

to es, and hypertension. Exercice, less tension, thyroid hormones,

|and abstinence from smoking, |

| do the same.

| The relationship between these fatty substances and heart at- tacks to coronary artery disease also is controversial. This will

phos |

NOTES BY THE WAY _

| price increases and to give warning that the

will not just sit back and com- plain about commodity or wage immoder-

increases it considers ate. '

Tt is a modest kind of national economic planning in a coun’ where many businessmen st! are dirty

words. They prefer the economy to reflect the natural forces of

~ — Pplace.and right now that w mean higher ces, because demand is atl aa

ADDED PRESSURES . . But Beer is determined to eep the U.S. economy polli | along at the brisk pace of the last. 57 months. at the same time, he has taken on a Vietna- | mese war role that means ex- | tra inflationary pressure—more | and more demand for the items | needed to arm, ship and main- | tain a U.S. force in Viet Nam | that may total 250,000 men

| within a few months.

Wheat is the latest example

| of the decision to hold the price |'

| line and since Tuesday, when government sales were offered, | wheat prices have softened al- | though there is no sign that

| scattered increases in bread |

| prices are being rescinded.

suffered no irreparable damage. He also has on his side appeal to patriotism, based on the war in Viet” Nam.

To. add to our other problems

we've now got a reindeer short-

age on our hands. Santa C1 aus may have to zip around in an old. Stutz-Bearcat. this year. Hundreds of northern Swed- en’s nomad Lapps aren’t finding it funny. They are turning to re- gular jobs, which is unfunny enough, because serious reindeer losses have hit them jally. Now numbering fewe; n 30,- 000, the Laovs are throw:ng away their knee-length padded coats in favor of blue overalls. As they turn to steady employ- ment in the cities, an act that has been anathema to them pre- viously, the Lapps disappear as a colorful entity and are absorb-

| ed into urban Swedish culture.

We can take it lightly because it is sucha distant situation and, perhaps, because in this era anyone who can be absorbed ra- ther- than eradicated is - consid- ered lucky. There’s been no

The United States is building

| the | tion on August 24, 1960. | HIG

t

Meeting of the City Council. He_

| a ‘new Antarctic base on what may prove to be the world’s | coldest occupied site.

The tiny outpost, to be k as Plateau Station, will sit a

| \2 13,000-foot ridge on Antarcti-

ca’s ice-mantled continental pla- | teau. Men at the station will have no neighbors closer than

| the South Pole, 600 miles away.

The present world’s record

| ported some 800 miles away at

Soviet Union’s Vostok sta-

HER THAN RUSSIAN y,~ Vostok has an altitude~ of 11;- 444 feet. Pleteau Station will be about 1,500 feet higher and slightly closer to the Pole. Hence, officials of the National Science Foundation, which fin- ances and coordinates scientists working under the U.S. Antarc- tic Research Program, believe

Te peratures at Plateau could ‘approach 130 degrees below wero.

World record temperatures are based on measurements made near the surface of the

ground to give the degree of |

cold or hot that a man standing on the ground would feel. Since temperatures decline with can be recorded by balloons. In | distant space, temperatures ap- | proach absolute zero.

| Spring comes to Antarctica as | autumn arrives in the northern hemisphere. Starting in Octob- \er, ships and planes begin re- | supplying bases that will. be isol- ‘ated through the long winter. | American re- Se ee |

est radio antenna im the 1965-66 season. The antenna is a 21-mile-

plastic-coated, copper -over snow and-ice that

the new station may be even | colder than the Russian site. |

Reindeer Running Out

‘ Saskatoon Star-Phoenix

comment from the reindeer, but

| Noel mythology to ever totally |.

| vanish, if that is’ any consola- tion. Christmas without reindeer would be a Christmas w it hout stockings or trees or co ored lights.

| Christmas? It’s only a short | time away. Maybe that’s why the decorations are already up, windows are sporting displays | of holly and tinsel carols are | being insinuated into radio. sch- edules. Commercial as it has gotten to be, Christmas — and reindeer— become more prec- ious ae the pressures of life in- crease.

disappear.

World’s Coldest Site

National Geographic Society

| #9 @ mile and « half deep. | cated 900 miles from the antenna is twice as long as

| the sort generated naturally by | lightning. -

ers,"’ because of the whistling sound they make in receivers. Whistlers get trapped in the | earth’s magnetic Hines of force and pounce back and forth be- tween the North and South Poles.

Research on whistles may have important bearing on

| future communications. coed.

llow frequenty waves useful when solar radiation |blacks out higher frequency communications on the earth. Until recently,

will try to determine if Antarc- _tica’s vast ice sheet is expand- ‘ing or contracting. Teams of |men will remeasure stakes set /out in the ice during previous | seasons of work.

Curiously, the Antarctic ice is now suspected of having a maj- or influence on world food sup- plies. As ice from the continent melts, the cold water, being heavier than other ocean water, sinks to the bottom. There it loosens trace amounts of chem- | icals,. which are then swept ‘along with the flow of water. Eventually, the chemicals fertil- ize tiny plants that form the | basis of ocean life from’ shrimp | to whales.

‘NEED BLOOD BY GALLONS The Canadian Red Cross col- oo about 900,000 bottles of

ak

Neither can ever completely

windsor

Get ready to roll! CN’

rip,

$23.00

saskatoon $42.00 vancouver $56.00

»

CN’s Red “Bargain” travel days are here!

ed, White & Blue ‘Calendar of Savings’ is red hot with the year's biggest travel bargains. Red "'Bargain’' fares bring longer trips right within range of your ae budget. You can travel more because your money goes farther. Pick a date—Red, White or Blue—and go. You'll like the price. And you'll enjoy the ‘Traveliving’ comfort of CN's fast, = ’ transcontinental and inter-city trains. Relax in a wide variety of travel accommodations. Enjoy elegant lounges and dining facilities. Plus delicious complimentary meals when you travet in sleeping or parlor cars! Extra savings when two or more share the same sleeping accommodation. Go CN. It's the thrifty way to go. And the woe Supere way to save. Three easy-going credit plans: Charge-a- and CN Credit Card. And you can phone for your ‘Tickets by Mail’. Get away now on a roll-away Red Bargain! Look over these one way coach travel fares.

charlottetown to: halifax $5.40. montreal $14.00 toronto $20.00

Go Now—Pay Later,

CN

Bx,

»toll-away red bargains |