‘ are of the female sex and a; usual

‘this report‘. It was here that thfl

y" APRIL 10. 1929.

t

‘LECTURE ‘BY SIRCHAS - DALTON

-C:ntinuc:i from page 0-

SIGHTSEEING IN PARIS

After vlsiiirig many other places of interest we decided to push on for Paris. We got our baggage all check- ed and left cn a fast train that made 4'1 mile; an hour. Arrived at Dover at 1 o'clock and left for Calais in a fast boat flaking one hour for 20 miles and then boarded train for Paris where we arrived at 0.15 p. m. I might mention that after we pas- scd through the suburbs of London ma scenery changed into a market gardening section ‘lasting for 100 miles. Our first day in Paris ivns dc- votcd to getting acquainted ivith gtrecls and rubllc places. The Royal Blink of Canada has a prosperous branch therc. I ivos glad to find the that the imziager of this branch was a native of New Brunswick named McInearny and a near relative of cur gocd Bishop OLeary of Char- lottetown. He was very glad to meet me and took us to dinner. He is now in a London Branch.

That‘. evening rxc went to the. ficzirc and tcok in the sights be- f'r:' a liovcc of three or four thous- rrizl rnd ihc acts were wellperform- Cd.

Cln our rounds of the ciliy we pas- ecd by the Opera House. It cost 3G.- C30,0C0 francs. Then by the stock ex- change where 0n excited crowd was axcmblrd sceking quotations on dif- krent kinds of stocks. The largest QllObfl-I-ICIIS are announced and deal- c1‘; than apply ‘no the banks to in- vcsf. In -iheir chxlce 'as to their judgment in invcstmcnts. Inone of the large squares there is a statue oi Louis 1V cn horsebiiclz. The horse {lands cn his hind feet and is bal- anced by l-ho weight of hi; tall to kezp it upright. g

We next visited the Court cf Jus- tice, an immense structure where all law cases are tried. There are,‘I 111131‘: 221'. hundreds of lawyers in attendance at court which is con- tinually in session. Several lawyers

they never stop talking. In this building there is also the prison de- partments including the dungeons where those for capital punishment were formerly confined. The 801110" tine death sentence is still in vogue

and while I was in Paris there was.

on; WllO was made one head short- ‘or. Ylo saw also a Church that sfanrls u. relic of the German gun fir; during the recent world virar. A zzltell had been fired from a distance o’. T3 miles and went ihrougn the rccf cf a. church It B. C1000 FY1003’ service when 72 were killed and 183 woundcd. That gun could clean out a flock cf geese from Tisfllsh‘ W Sumincrslde harbour.

A drive out to Versailles and an iitspcction of the wonders and beau- ty cf this little city \':ill long be rc- r-iembcrcd. It issituated about 40 miles front Paris. The drive was nzcstly through wooded territory 5nd brought. us to this notable city. It 13 almost ciie of the wonders 0! 5h?- rrorld. I‘. is only I comparatively smell town but the history is wond- (-'_'ful_ I; was started and built by the ("ifcrent Iiings of France from Lou- i". vnr t3 Louis xvi. The around-i cover about 700 acres, mostly built Tl) from virgin forest. Back of the rah“ 15 where the view gives B!" fct by level courts and beautifular- fflcial lakes enclosed by cimcrew low WaPs-sizrroundcd by hilmf-‘Yiius rift ues all iii graceful forms. In, the (fistance for miles could be seen the ‘canals and lakes made by W8!" rumped from the Seine River. The grandeur even at this time of year vnere enchanting. The PBIBOP “"11"” be iusfly described. It was built b)‘ the wealth of the nation taking centuries to complete with untold wealth to back it up and I feel un- equal to undertake the task of _de- scribing it. The Palace has 2050 rooms and the neme room does m‘ give the proper idea. They "B mm’ the size of largo halls. The original pieces of furniture have been nearly all removed but enoush l! 1°" 3-" samples to show the elaborate 81'0"- deur. The paintings of the wall! Mid ceilings were designed and Plmted by the greaiest crusts known to the world and still look as fresh as if recently clone. The Palace .10 Y)" mostly abandoned and is in ¢hll19 of numerous guards kw“ lh°r° by the nation. It bu a wonderful hilt- ory but it u too inn: w include i"

Conference was held at which the

HISTORIC GROUNDS

We then took the train for Relms m1 stayed there about an hour. We had a splendid view of an old church which was built in the iaoi century find was most elaborate in design Hid beauty. The front and inside was sculptured with designs chute App;- tles and various other sainfsvgnd m. Eels and Wis one of the few- works of fine modern architecture. It was almost all destroyed by gun-fire in i914. There was not one statue left unbroken. There were i400 buildings m this 91W before the bombardment and when the Germans were driven out‘ there were only 200 buildings that had not been destroyed. Arie;- 111ml. we tool: Cooks Bus andm-ove go me battlefields, one of which we were told was the only one left untouched ‘m5 ‘i’ 15 1° be iPDt as a. souvenir. It is a chalk hill where I500 Ameri- can soldiers were cnirenched. The German Army was also entrenched

‘on a. little higher ground about 300

yard-s" away. They dug down so feet, as you would dig an old-fashioned ivoll, and made a tunnel clean across under the American lines and filled itwi -h mines and blew tholwhole 1500 iiien tc atoms-not one escaped. The hole i: still trere about 203 yards across and 80 fect deep. The Allies then planted their heavy guns about three miles ofl.’ and did not leave e. German to tell the tale.

The next day we made a visit to Napoleon's tomb. It is a large square marble building with appropriate Silllllture. In the centre is a circu-

in diameter with s. distance of about 20 feet to the floor below. The top Opening is railed and one can look down to the magnificent tomb of brown marble standing on a base about fen feet from the floor. In a. back alcove is situated an allar mod- elled after St. Peters in Rome. The building was formerly used a; a church. It was not until nine years after the remalnsof Napoleon were brought from 5t. Helene. to Paris

to receive his remains. We now have our tickets for Nice. From‘ Paris to Nice is u beautiful belt and all culti- vated in Grapes. As -we' sped along we passed about 100 miles of flooded lands, the result of heavy rains. We later struck the valley oi the Lyons River, a tributary of the Seine. and followed the valley for about 200 ed miles. We veen saw houses that had been abandoned and the residents had to be removed by boats. Some person has asked mo what would be‘ done were them no boats ‘to be had and I replied that in that case they would have to live in the cellar. We stayed off at Marseilles until the next morning which_was Sunday, March 13th. We performed our church duties and st 9.30 a. m. we boarded a. fast express which made about 50 miles an hour. We followed the ravine a. great part of the way and the scenery was a view of cult- ivated grape vines and other market gardening, and every square foot of ground was taken advantage of. The rise of the river showed evidence of previous heavy rains. The fruit trees were mostly in bloom. We came to long stretches of rocky placeswhere we passed through several tunnels. some being a mile or more long. 0n the lawns of the wealthy were grow- lng heuvy palm trees shading the beautiful residences. ‘We arrived at Nice at four o'clock and took our quarters at the iQueens Hotel. A great part of the city is in view up the side of a mountain and the‘ drive up the winding streets mad-a, neces- sary by the abrupt ascent was most enchanting. Notes of interest are the flower gardens, and the streets an‘. almost‘ blocked with barrows of flowers peculiar to the climate. we were pleased to see a beautiful 1110"" ument of lateQueen ‘Victoria who frequently visited Nice as a winter resort. We also saw the ruins of a Roman ampitheatre built in 130 A. D.. once a favorite place for the ex- ecution of criminals or martyfs- we visited an interesting cemetery W115" some of the finest displl? o! I" w‘! sculpture can be seen.

Nice is a noted city in the history

ciis of the Church were held in ihl! city. One in 325 A. D. convened by Constantine the Great to settle the Controversies which had arisen in regard to the Doctrine of the Trinity and the session lasted cool!‘ ""° moiitiu. A creed was adopted will?!‘ g kngwnyis the Nicenb Creed.‘ Thin was held under the reign 01 Y°P° syivesioi-‘r; u. this Council the Here;- sy‘ of Arlanisin was ‘condemned-

The second Council of Nice was held in 7B0 an wamsummoned by

Peace Treaty wu discussed nfwr the great-world wan- -» -- ~ -~

Empress Irene th the concurrence

1M opening in the fiooi- about 2s ft.‘

that hisiomb was flnishedand ready / ~ ‘

of the Church. The first two Coun-

of Popa Adrian 1.

From Nice w the principality of Monaco in o. distance of twenty miles. We look a bus and the drive was one long stretch of beautiful scenery along the brink of high cliffs on one side and on the other side was a nur- row stretch to the mountain. The beautiful buildings all the way show- ed/evidence of wealth and happi- néss. We arrived at Monte Carlo about sundown. A more beautiful spot I have never seen. The parks were as a paradise. The Monte Carlo Casino is a magnificent building with an entrance fee of 40 francs. We ere admitted in to see the gam- bling tables of all sorts. The gam- bling was conducted on strictly hon- est principles but chances to win

ivere greatly in favor of the‘ princip-Z

nlity which owns the institution. This is the only principality in exisiancc which runs without taxes on the residents. Then ext day we made another trip to Monte Carlo and spent an hour on a. drive around

the Prince's Palace, which 1s situated ~ cii m rbrzipt elevation with on r rf afioui: 25 acres

and perLaps £33 fc-zt high and is the sole domain. The palace is not as elaborate as one might imagine for a Prince but ev- crything was ncot and clean. At thc clcor were stationed two guards in uniform. We did not see his Royal Highness but we learned that he is a man of about 66 y-zars old. fie is married and has a dauglitrr who is married to an Earl or Duke of Pol- lnac, a. nobleman. The heir to the throne of Monaco Ls an appointee of the Prince in case of no male de- scendant and he has given the suc- cession to his son-in-iaw who will rule next tn order. I might say here I was told that after the World War the Republic of France bought the Principality of Monaco giving the Prince and his successors a yearly grant of 1,800,000 francs. This will give an ‘idea. of the revenue from Monte Carlo. _ _ GIIANDEUIPOF ITALY .We now leave the French domain ‘and enter the Italian territory, and we first pay our respects to the City of Genoa. Thorun to Genoa was mostly through tunnels and the greater part of the way was along the Coast of the‘ Mediterranean. We arrived at Genoa at six o'clock, after putting our time ahead one hour. Genoa. is the birthplace of Christo- pher Columbus and directly in front of the Savoy Hotel at which we stop- ped there stands an imposing monu- merit of hte discoverer of America. From Genoa to Rome the scene was one of agriculture of grape vines and market gardeningf We passed through the greatest marble works of the world and went in to see blocks and slabs of the finished material which is shipped to differ- ent parts of the world. We passed through about 1500 miles of what was once a prairie section belt of about 25 miles wide and which is ‘now a. grain section. We passed through Pisa where we had a good view of the famous leaning tower. This is n. large marble structure built over a marshy foundation, and aboutfis ft. high‘. After erection the foundation gave away and the tow- er settled on one side. It is now 10 ft. out of‘ plumb and has remained in that position for many years. We finally arrived at ‘Home it T p. m. on Saturday. March 19. This is a, city rossessi glorious traditions and a history reaching far back into antiquity, over seven centuries B. C. It is built on the River Tiber about fifteen miles from the sea. Rome of today is a religious centre of Wcstbrn Christendom and the rcs- ldencel of the Pope but in many ro- spects it is like other modern cities and has a population of about 600,- 000. We called up Father Joseph Cahill, a respected son of our well known Phil Cahill, who invited us to call on him the next day. Father Cahlll was studying Canon Law at the Canadian College in Rome. Th9 next morning we called on him and he arranged a program for us for the week. We called on His Emin- oncc, Cardinal Sbarretti to whom I presented _Blah0P OT-PPTY‘! lei-t" °1 introduction. We had a long IR"! and finally he gave us a letter to the Pope's private secretary which contained e. request that we set a private audience with the Holy Father. Then we wpnt to visit semi of the churches,—St. John Lateran is the oldest church‘in Rome and the beauty nndworkmlnship in this church. end ‘in almost all of the ‘churches in Rome is beyond con- ception. ft is hero that the heads of St. Peter Ind Paul are kept in a

sarcophagus but their‘ bodies are in

-1’700 years ago.

ATHE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN‘

their‘ tombs in Si. Peters and St. Pauls Cathedrals. There are four mfliflr Bosiiicas in Rome as follows:

St. Peicrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Largest, St. John Latzran ..'. . . . . . . . ..Oldest, Si. Pauls . . . . . . . . . ..Most Beautiful St. Mary Major . . . . . . . . . . “Richest.

In the afternoon Father Cahill came with us to visit other churches. One of much interest was St. Steph- en's church. In this church they have a gorgeous chapel, the walls of

which are done in Mosaic and studded I with Jewels and these decorations I

were furnished by the different ccunirlrs such as America, Italy, Franc: and others, each country trying to exccll the other. We visited the Cemetery where the remains of good Father Burke are at rest. The tombs and monuments here are won- dzrful. It is surely a grand City of the dead. We had the privilege of fiilyiilu a few prayers at his tomb. We nciit visited the forum. The ruins are about ten acres in extent‘ but now are a mims of brokcn pillars which are of titanic size and are now the 0111i’ emblems of what once was controlled by the ancient Kings and Emperors. Most of the pillars had been quarried out of one solid gran- ite block. Many of them were marble six or eight feet in diameter. The Sculptural designs represented the history of events and.beliefs of tho periods when they were out, as well as the religious ideas of the Pagans. It se-cms sad to see all these broken pillars and designs of some grout artists now only sights for tourists. The Coliseum is now only a. huge relic of the age when Nero and other human monsters flourished to see

the martyrs torn and eaten by wild inc“ m,

beasis kept for that purpose to the delight of the Pagan savages. It was commonly the scene oi’ combats be- tween Gladiators wiho were forced to kill 0r bc killed for the pleasure of the hords looking on. The structure was large enough to seat 85,000 people and the immense walls stand there still and-are about 75 ft. high.

We callcd to another beautiful church to see the last and grandest sculptural piece of work of Michael- angelo, representing Moses. The sculptor was 05 years old and almost blind when he completed the work. It is certainly the most ‘lifelike statue known and when it was fin- ished Micliaelangelo took his hammer and pounded the knee of the statue and said "Why don't you speak." This church is called "Peter in Chains." The actual chains that bound St. Peter in Prison are over the Tabernacle. These were tli-c chains that Vthe angel loosened and let St. Peter out to Freedom.

AMONG THE CATACOMBS

The catacombs are well worthy of special notice. Father Cahill took us to visit three different examples. 0ne_ is about five miles outside the suburbs of Rome. We got passes and each of us was given a small taper to light us through. We went down a. stairway of forty steps and after walking through darkness finally came to three small compartments in each of which a Priest was cel- cbrating Mass. The apartments were ten or tvzclvc feet square with a few crude benches in each and stone floors. We had to wail. a half hour and then Father Cahlll offered his Mass for iis and we received Holy Communion from him. The catio- combs are a series of narrow tunnels cut through the rock from ten to. twenty feet belowthe surface and scv- 5. en feet high and wide enough; to walk along. At cucli side as you walk along there or: tombs out in the rock where remains of the dead were deposited and the front closed by a. marbl: sealed slab bearing the‘ inscription in Latin. Many of these have been opened showing the frag- ments of bones or dust of the de- parted. We noticfd on: particular: remains of a. woman that was allf dissolved except the hair which was about 18 inches long and still intact and natural looking. The guide asked iis how long we thought it was since her body was ivlaccd there.’ Of course ivc could not answer. Ho rcad on the tablet and said she had died In several places there are nitches in the wall where the early chrlstlans offered the Holy Sacrifices of the Mass. 'I‘hcre was only one Christian religion at that time. which was from the first t0 the third oenturyt The catacombs were principally used as cemeteries as the pagans of that ‘time would not permit public burials. The cata- combs dlscovered so far have been explored for over 000 miles.

We visited the church of Prud-

i i

i

‘a convert of him and his family. He had two daughters who became martyrs and saints, This church is built over the rulers house which is still there inside the church. st. Eebasflaxifis Church was of great in- terest. to us, for here under this church we saw the house in which st. Peter and st. Paul lived, outing back to the first century. It was dis- covered as recently as i919 while ex- cflvfltlhk the catacombs connected with this church. The house is very well preserved which is nothing short of a miracle.

The church of St. Mary Major is the richest church in the world. The incorruptible body of Pope Plus v lies in the altar in one of the side chapels. A door is opened and we see the body in its robe lying them as if ae-clep after many years.

We next visited that Church oi the Holy Cross and here we were shown a piecc of the Cross on which Jesus was Crucifled. Also one of the nails that as uscd: and two of the thorns which were part of the crown of thorns; and the bone of one of the fingers of St. Thomas that was put in Our Lord's side. VISIT T0 ST.

PETEIPS CATHEDRAL

A visit to St. Peter's Cathedral will leave an indelible remembrance. It is both extreme in size andgrend- eur. From the front door to the Sanctuary is 1-8 of a. mile. Paint- ings and statuary are in keeping with all the rest of the furnishings. It is the largest church in the world. It will accomodate comfortably 60,- 000 people and if all the inhabitants of Prince Edward Island were outside church and were caught in a rain squall they could get shelter in this church. There are no seats ln this Cathedral as is the case in ‘imany of the churches in Italy. On Sunday, March 2'1 we were invited to the Pope's Mass at his private chapel. With our pass we were ad- mitted to the chapel of His Holiness, which is a" rather plain small church, neat and bright and with not much isign of grandeur. We were met at lthe entrance by two ushers who ‘showed, us to the front seals. After waiting about a half hour the side door of the sanctuary opened and three Swiss Guards in costume en- tered. They took their positions, one at each side of the Altar with backs to the wall and the other one took position at left side of the sanctuary. Then three or four Cardinals follow- ed by His Holiness robed in a light cream colored garb entered. He crossed over to left side of sanctuary and knelt on a cushioned priedieu where he prayed for about ten min- utcs. He then went before the Altar where his robe was removed and he was vested in his vestments by two cardinals who served at his low Mass. He gave communion to about 300 including our party, and after Mass he again knelt at his priedieu for another ten minutes before leav- ing the Altar. As we were invited to a private audience with His Holiness at one o'clock we took up the spare time going through the art galleries in the Vatican. It is an immense building. We took in the sights there for about two and one half hours and must have walked five miles at least. The statuary and paintings are among the most famous and most valuable in the world. At one- thirty we were on hand for the priv- ate audience. We were conducted by the Cardinal in attendance to a moderate sized apartment in‘ the Vatican. There were only‘ the six of us and Father Cahill. A Cardinal came in and asked me where we were from and I replied "From Can- ada." We all knelt at the approach of His Holiness. Then His Holiness entered in the same light garb he wore before Mass in the morning. He siiook hands with each of us permitting us to kiss his ring. He spoke very graciously to Mrs. Ort- seifen‘s little boy. Ho then blessed all the religious articles we brought with us and then he gave us his bless- ing and finally blessed Canada. I th-cn realized why I had been asked where I was from. This was the cul- mination of our trip to Rome.