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THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

PAGE FOUR ' TIIE ONNNLOTTETOWN GIINROINN

Morning Daily (Founded in i881) Pruldent. LhuL-Col. W. Cheater S. Mellie _ Vloo President, .l- B. Burnett. I‘, J. l, Secretary, Lieut -Col. i). A Mooliinnon, l) d. 0- Iditor and Managing Director J. B. Burnett. l. J. I Associate Editor, Frank Welter

SUBSCRIPTION BATES 15.00 per year (in advance! delivered to Oil! $0.00 per year (in advance) mulled to P. l. $1"! IO-OO per year (in advance) mailed to Canal! U-l Members Audit Bureau oi Circulation!

“The Strongest Memory is £78117?" in" the Weakest gink.’

FRIDAY, _ OCTOBER. , O, I939.

Better Farm Prices

If there is one class of Canadians more than another which has workctl hard tltrotighout the pu-iod 0f the mprt-sdott and got poorly paid tor it, it is the ])l'llllZll‘_‘/ 1irodticers—the farmers and tlte fishermen. For that reason the consumers ought not to begrudge thent an improvement n1 prices whiclt the war \\'lll inevitably bring.

Trudng [p.- hiuory of Canadian commod-

ity prices an exchange finds of Canadian - . .

commodity Ill-ices, t h ‘:1 t advances occurred

following the .\ lllt‘ 1‘ I C1111 Civil \\ .11" dtlt

tlte rhtstro-Prtissiutt \\'ztr of the sixties, with a tendency to dccliniitg prices in subsequent years. Prices went tip again after the FrHHCO-PFUSM-lll \\'ar of 1870-71, httt the crisis of 1873 resulted itt a (lecliitc. .'\ dountvard trend persisted fairly steadily throughout the twenrv-five years from I872 to I897, when the gold supply of the world did not increase 11s rapidly as the supply of coin- moditics. Relief Callie througlt the discoveries of gold in the Rand mines and the application of the cyanide process to low-grade ores. The result was a rapidly increasing world production of gold front ztbout 1300 to the Outbreak 0f the Great \\'ar, with cottseqtient rising prices as the volume of the new gold became an appreciable part of the total stock. Afterward the Great War, both throttglt the scarcity of commodities which it occnsioited and the inflation of the cur- rency which it [vroduce-l, drove prices rapidly upward to a tnztxitttttttt in 19:0, followed by a rapid drop in 1022. The tendency from 1925 to 1929 was gradually downward, although the criod was one of increasing prosperity Follow- ing the debacle of 1929. the severe economic de- pression was accompanied by a drastic dccllllo in wholesale prices, and the downward movement of prices persisted until the outbreak of the war l few weeks ago. ~ This generation may not see Canadian wheat selling at $250 per b11shel,_bcef cattle at $15 pcr ltundrcd potinds live weight, and hogs at $25 er hundrcthveigltt, as they did during the Great Var, but there is bound to be an increase in prices. And thcre ottgltt to be if the farmers are not to be reduced to the status of peasants. Con- sidering the rtriccs they are obliged to pay for everything they have to buy, they are entitled to advances ranging front 25 to 100 per cent over the roclv-bottottt levels of the economic depres- sion. There is not a living in wheat, cattle, hogs, butter, ntilk and fruit at prices which barely cov- er the cost of production. \\'lten the farmer's purse is empty the whole country suffers. For that reason it is intperative that the prices 0f all primary products he established On a basis that will yield a reasonable profit to the producer.

Hitler And His Ward Heelers

Radio listeners should be on their guard against garbled translations of Gcrntan speeches. Dorothy Thompson, writing in the New York Herald- _Tribune, has this to say on the subject:

“In a broadcast recently I attempted to re- view Hitler's speech before the Reichstag. It seemed to me one of the most important docu- ments in the cri~is. I heard it on the air and had the record replayed for me three times. The English-speaking attnouncer, who attempted to make a running translation of the speech, was terribly inadequate. His was a most difficult task, and any one not knowing German could not get from the translation the remotest idea. of what Hitler was really saying. I took a lot of notes, particularly of the passages where the Fuehrer was warning that treason would be sup- pressed ruthlessly and giving his party hench- men instructions as to ltow to keep the civilian population from revolting against this war. They were to keep up the morale "in every district, ward and cell no ntattcr what it cost,” he told the Reichstag. I thought it important that the American public should know that the Reichstag is a body of paid party henchmen, district lead- ers, organized like stunt‘. political party com- missars. The official text suppressed the stuff about the party ward lteclcrs being responsible for keeping up the morale in every district That isn't very good [tropagattrla for outside consump- tion."

A Final Bluff

A last “pz-nce" move, with the two great ban- dit ntttiotis of lPttt-ope Surveying their present loot 11nd the loot ihztt may come later, has come

strictly according to forecast, comments the Hamilton Sperluttlr. ln it is the kind of threat that kept lln: tvorlvl in suspense for two long years, a lililt? more blustery, more menacing, but quite in line with the fznttiliar product 0f {he ltllillllflliilli propztgztitdzt nuteltinc.

Yet this time it falls lteztvily, and 0n ears in- "red to diouting. In the war of guns the dem-

ocracies are more confident than thcy ever were ltefore. 'l‘lteir peoples, tnilikc the chained batta- lions of the dit-irtiorsltips, march from their o\v11 free choice. 'l‘hev are not. like the oppressed,

sullen and lningiw‘ lnilliiltis of the Soviet, and the [_\'l'.‘llllii}'t‘ll lit'l‘lil.'lllS. ltnpless victims of dis- torted llll‘llll'l'.~ that their ruling cliques choose to pztint for them for expedieucyz 'I‘lir'y know what ]1l'l\j».‘lL'.'llltlIl is. and they are able to think

llred m treachery and double-dealing, the Kremlin rind llilltr-ltttsirnsse cannot be com- fortable ltftlfPlltflt-i. There is every cvitlcnre

that (It-runny ltzts :1lrc:ttl_v' been duped in Poland and foilwl in the lhtllie. thc fruits of a desper- ztr alliance with an ltcreditary and strategical

-ant of an old lcvilicztl eustoln.

‘p’

enemy.

Everywhere their interests clash, with those. of the Moscow war chiefs quite as “expansion- ist" as those of Germany. Italy's position is al- most impossible, the-heart of her people an- tagonistic to the 'I'eut0ns and nurtured 1n a loathing of the atheistic Soviet. japan is lost 1n her costly invasion of China, wise now to what ntight be expected of her one-time leading anti- commtern partner.

"Stranger Than Fiction"

A leading United States magazine, which captions its article “Illuod Money," says:

“In 1938, the Lhtiletl States sold japan 5O percent. of all the materials essential for war purpose; that japan bought abroad. The Phil- ippine contribution of 1 percent. raised our total to 57 percent. Total value of these goods wit-S about $170,000,000.

“Major items: Oil and oil $53,000,000; iron and stccl N scraps, alloys and processed goods), $33,125." 000; mctal-tvorking machines, $24,000,000; copper, $22,000,000; aircraft and parts,_$18,00o,- 000; automobiles, parts and accessories, $10,- 000.000.

“Of all the scrap iron japan bought in I938, its bought 90 percent. from us-

“It is not decent, it is not right, at least by Western standards, for the Cnitetl States to be selling the jztpanese materials for the slow and merciless enslztvemcitt of :1 peuceuhle ilzttititi."

Strange, comments an exehatige, that while lllis war trade with japan gocson there should be such a hullabaloo over the thought of selling numitiotis to linglatttl and France to save demo- cracy in Iiurope!

Another Noble Gesture

products, about (including ores,

Refusal of the United States to recognize thS conquest of Poland is a noble gesture. “lint, says judith hobiusott in the ttlobe and Mall. “the United States, like the rest Of 11S, tlld -5 much for Czecho-Slovztkin 111st March. And it should not be forgotten that the Lhtited States has been nohlv refusing to recognize the con- quest of Abyssinin for about three years now; though without any visiblc effect on the fate of Abyssinia. _

“The practice is an interesting tnodern vari- Thc Levite, you will remember, 1tohl_v' refused t0 recognize that his fellow-traveller on the other side of the road had fallen among thieves and been bcatcti up and robbed”

EDITORIAL NOTES

It is rumoured that Captain Bell, commautliug the Signallcrs at S_vdite_v, will proceed soon to Halifax to qualify for promotion.

* i l! ‘N

1101i

It is understood that the judge of the County Court ltas not vet ztctetl on the ordciwissucd by the Chief justice in connection with the recount in Second Queens, and that itt the meantime Lieutenant (Jovernor l.cl':tgc has given notice of his intention of appealing.

N‘ Ii‘ l! 1N

There will be no overseas cotttiitgeitt leave our shores until all are properly trained. 'I'hat has been decided upon. Next it has been decid- ed that the First Overseas Contingent will be the best that ever left our shores, better even than the Princess Pats, that crack regiment which did so much to raise the reputation of Canadians in the last Great War. How soon the departure is to take place will (lcpcnd upon how soon equipment can be provided, and present indica- tions are that will be yet awhile. i ‘ll Ii IN

It was a. coincidence, no doubt, that the three leaders on the dais at the Presbyterian Synod were all Glasgow University graduates and for- mer co-Presbyters there, viz, Rev. C. Stuart Parker, D.D., Toronto, Moderator 0f the Gen- eral Assembly, Rev. C. j. St. Clair jeans, B.D., Saint john, retiring hloderattir of the Synod, and Rev. C. M. Keir, D.D., Halifax. the new Moderator- Dr. Iierr has been thirteen years in his present charge, St. David's and was form- erly a. chaplain overseas in the last Great War.

1r w r at

There is every reason to be proud of the performance of the Fleet, which, with the co- operation of the French navy, ltas swept the sea of enemy vessels. The U-boat manages to get in an occasional blow, but that arm is taking more punishment than it inflicts. It was to be ex- pected that in the early days of the cottflict, with the unscrupulous ntetltotls pursited, a cer- tain amount of damage would be done; but the power for. mischief of the submarine becomes steadily less with the vigorous measures adopted for its elimination.

v a m v

The Prime Minister is the busiest of men these days. One Ottawa correspondent report- ed that he was so fully engaged folloiving cabled events in Etirope that he could not personally attend meetings of the Cabinet. Another cor- respondent is equally emphatic regarding the Prime Minister "busyness", but he asserts that while mitch of the rcspottsibility for putting Canada on a war basis ltas ltcen divided among Cabinet sub-cotttzuittccs, I\lr. Klztckenzic King frequently sits with these committees and pre- sides over the Council usually five afternoons a week and some times more often

N‘ ll‘ 1

An American columnist say s the most fascinat- ing war news he ltas read is the explanation of ho\v difficult it is for ticrmans to smear British broadcasts so as to make them unintelligible in Germany. “The llritislt," he says, “are using ltigh frequencies which rise fztr zthovc the earth and then descend, which means that the station which -is to smear them Fllccessl tllv must be at approximately the same distmtee ‘The stations are in Africa. which means that the Germans ivould have to have a smearing stztlioti in Russia t0 get the range. ln other ivords, the British are standing on the llfl<‘l\' line and lohbing them over and the Germans, mviitg to space limita- tions, can't rim hack far citouqlt to sitnsh them

NOTES BY TllE WIY

“No nation rec-ll foell ltoell compelled to fight uness lta moral basis Lu threatened. ~ Nations may follow false Gods; bllftCvods they mustbeinthe eyesoi thewor- Shllipers. Du the last. two lhllusflfld Wits barbarian has attacked Christianity at irregular intervals. Christianity has always emerged triumphant. It is t we took that to heart, if our tn- fluence is to reach those element-s in the countries most. likely to feel the some devotion to peace and liberty as ourselves. The mes- sage itself must. be lrreproachable. Our genius for compromise wlll "not serve us here. We have com-

romlsed too much. The secular- zatlon of the Christian gospel would provide no cure for the emotional materialism of the Nazi creed. “It. must not be forgotten that. the whole of Western civiliza- tion rests on a Christian basis, "the lnflnlte worth of each soul. the essential equality of human be- lngs of every race and condition before God.’ “Henri Bergson claims that. history reveals that ln the last two thousands years, whatever has proved durable and good 1n hu- man society has been accomplish- ed under t-he influence of Chris- tianity. Whilst Stalin renews and renews again his anti-God com. palgn against the faithful hearts of the Russian people, and Hitler sets the doctrine of blood and race ln the pulpit (and the Chris- tian pzlest. ln the concentration comm. are w~e to have any doubt as to under what leadership we shall fight, or any hesitation in calling to our old the whole mlvhty Christian sentiment, of the world?" — Lord Philllmore.

A woman filer who dropped antl- war pamphlets in the vlclnlty of the White House must appear in ten days to show cause why her license should not, be revoked. After the Clvil Aeronautics Authority has finished with her she might be cited by the Board of Education to show cause why her high school diploma should not be canceled for splitting infinitive-s. One of her peace pamphlets declared, "Ameri- can women do not intend to ugam have their men sent to die on foreign soll." - New YOlk Times.

At "questlons” at the be- ginning of today's very short ses- sion of Parliament Sr Assheton Pownall asked whv two German freightiers should have been sunk and not seized to make up for our own losses Lo the Gemian sub- marines. The question must. have occuned to many ordinary people. Mr. Churchill ls not an ordinary erson. out he answered — the first Churchllllwzt touch from the Treasury bench —“Oddly enough that point had occurred to me." Cannot; you hear the reply most Ministers would have made? “Really, 1 must. have notice of that question." -- Manchester Guardian.

Jessie. the elephant in the Taronga Park Zoo, ls fast going blind. She ls now 7'7 and is re- puted to be the oldest elephant in captivity. She has been the favor- lte of several generations of chil- dren. The superlntendent of the Zoo (Major Patten) fears that she has not many years to live. “This faithful old animal." he sold, "was the glft of the King of Slam to the Zoological Gardens ln 1882. She is a. wonderfully framed animal, and. according to old photographs, she went into work as soon as she arrived here. She could not have oazrled chll- dren untll she was 20 years old, so that a rough calculation shows that. she ls about, 77 years of age. Every year she has carried an aggregate of about 60,000 children — and many adults." Major Pat- ten refutes the popular notion about the longevity of elephants. The idea that they live to immense ages ls falluclous, he says. The average age, in his opinion, ls about 70 years. — Australian Press Union.

Whatever case Germany may have had 1n the past against the Versail- less Treaty, and whatever excuse she might have put forward for ac- tion she has neither case nor ex- cuse todoy. Hitler has destroyed both. The dictator was offered the chance to obtain a. reasonble set- tlement by negotiatlon with pow- ers disposed to be friendly and fair. He refused it. He might have had peace with honor and profit. He preferred the path of conquest. No claim that he cam make, no recital of alleged wrongs can alter that fact. The addrms he deliver- ed yesterday shows that he ls stlll anxious to justify his conduct. "ae- lore the world. It wlll neither de- ceive an intelligent human being today nor an lntelllzent historian in the future. He was given the Sudetenland. which he claimed and he proceeded to enslave a free pcople. If he had been given Dan- zlg and the Corridor he would have proceeded to enslave Poland. His ru‘e has been marked bv a cruelty and infazny that. match those of the Moscow mirderers of the worst of the Caesars. N0 criminal the world has known ever stood so "clear- lv convicted. He has brought catas- trophe to the world. The only nlen that would deserve a hearlniz would be one of insanity, _- Toronto Tele- gram.

9

No one among the Communist! made his appeal to history more consistently than Leon Trotsky. No one expressed greater contempt for the fools and weukllngs whom the first upward surge of triumph- ant. bolshevlsm relegated to "the scrap-heap of history." That. scrap-heap was a favorite phrase of Trotskys for the leaders of the first, democratic, Russian revolu- tlon of March, 1917. The men who made that. revolution waged their battle against. czarlsm inside Rus- sia, against tremendous odds and at; the risk of their freedom and their lives. Later there came from exile Lenin and Trotsky to rele- gate these pioneers oi Russian free- dom to the scrap-heap of history. In the later writings of 'I‘rotsky it. lr not likely that. the scrap-heap occurs so frequently. For in the course of time Stalin came along and relegated ‘Trotsky to the same scrap-heap of history to which Trotsky had consigned the leaders of Russian democracy.

There In one comfort in the fact that the war Ls bevinnlmz where the last one ended. It. has begun on German sol] instead of with the invasion of five French Depart- ments. It has begun with adequate armaments and not. with bare hands and bayonets, as the last one did. It has begun with unity be- tween the Allies and also not too many of them, instead of with

effectively. I ltuve plll_\f‘tl tennis enough to realize how ntadtlening this must be to the Germans." . .

rivalry and distinlon. It has bezun Iitli o deeper realization among tho

Fish And Brains

(Mouton ’I‘ren|urtpt) A Toronto newlpeper in mump- diiepoeing of popu fal- lacies remarks: "Another belief la that fish is brain food. A recent on: teachers and pnzento in fourteen states in the U. S. found that 1:“ pemepat. of tit: general, opu on cen. of the anchors believed is. But science shows that there in no one food than. has more value than any other so for no the breln is concerned. Fish as n source of protein Ls an important item in everyoneb daily diet. In fact the moat extruordlnu-y development of the brain 1n an individual occurs 1n infancy, when mlik la the chief article of diet." Let those who, so werlty ovoid old fallacies. We too dogmetg;

more than one groin of truth in time-tested sayings and old-fash- ioned remedies, such as are usual- ly attributed to grandma.

“Eat flsh for brains" was never intended as the promise of an out- slze hat but of intelligence. It was merely we suggest. a figure ofl speech, the brain being the pop- ularly accepted seat of intelli- gence. Today at least we know that much more than the brains are involved and that. o man could do better thinking with half a brain than with only half his‘ glands, and that a. properly func- tioning body ls essential to clear‘ thinking.

More Gun Power In Canada's Army

(New York Times)

UITAWA, Oct. 4-—Details of Canada's proposed expeditionary force show that. it will be a smaller but, more mobile and a much more heavily armed force per caplta than in 1914.

The active service force, accord- ing to a previous announcement, wlll consist of two divisions with a quota of ancllinry troops such as medical and survey regiments. To- night's announcement’. indicates that the earlier idea of having one “mobile division" has been dropped, and that, there will be two infantry divisions instead. They wlll con- form, however. to recent changes made by the British War Office ln the number and composition of such units.

Battalion strength. for instance,

has been reduced from 1,000t.o680 men, cavalry has been mechanized and this turned into a modern scouting or sklrmlslng force, an anti-tank regiment has been added. f‘re power, both of artillery and machine guns has been greatly in- creased, an enouizhf. transport will be provided as part of the divisional equipment to carry at least half its personnel at once Every rifle battalion. lt ls under- stood, wlll possess fifty-two light Bren machlniz euns, ln addition to those of the three machine gun bat- talions proper. Ten of these wlll be mrnmted on armored carries. The artillery wlll flre tthe new Z5-pound- er gun-howitzer, instead of the old l8-oounder gun. There wlll be no tank battalions, The (‘lvlslon thus will consist of a mechanized calivalry regiment, twelve batteries of field artillery, an anti-tank artillery regiment, nine rifle and three machine gun intan- try battalions. three field compan- les and e field park company of englners; three signal companies, ammunition company, gasoline company and supply column of the Anny Service Corps. three field ambulances. a field hyzlene section, a postal unlt, an employment bat- talion and a provost company. which wlll be sitoolled in tihe first. Canadian division t-v the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

The artl-tark regiments of four battalions. each armed with twelve two-pounder guns.

The total manpower of the 1939 dlvlslons -—l6.000 of all ranks — will be 4,000 less than the 1914 div- lslun. It wlll offer a smaller target. whlle being able to bring to bear on the enemy a far heavier fire. The units which comprise it, have been drawn from coast: to coast a- cross Canada. One of them. the 22d Regiment of Montreal, the "Van Docs." which won such a reputation for daring an tenactlty in the last. war. Ls French-Canard an.