PAGE FOUR

- TIIE CHRLDTTETIIWII Glllllllllli

Morning Daily tIoandod in i001) Plflylll: Usai. Col. W. Cheater 8.

ll. Idltor and Direooori J. l. Barnett. l'..l.l. Annotate Editors: Frank Waller and Lint. Ill A. Barnett. II.C.N.V.B.. (On Aotivs Barrios)

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Thai the Weakest Ink.‘

'j_-i"ii'_uasi ir'ss._isss '

Farm Subsidies Arid Prices

The subject of wartime subsidies paid to the dairy industry was effectively handled in the address of Mr. Frank Jones, president of the National Dairy Council, at the Council's annual meeting at Calgary this week. Mr.

stead of conveying a sound.

The device is another of those practical adaptations of scientific principles which in this war have made the impossible possible. We, too, can peer through it into the future, just as the bomb-aimer sees through it what is below him: and when we couple with it the amazing range of the disclosed or still-secret radar inventions, we can accept without reservation the innova- tions which are expected to make over civil fly- ing after the war as completely as it was made over after‘ the last war.

Anniversary Concert

The Burns anniversary concert this evening in the Prince of Wales College hall promises to be a most. uijoyable one. This has always been a popular entertainment, patronized not only by those of Scottish nationality but by all classes. As a tribute to Scotland's greatest poet, it is one which Burns himself would have appreci-

Jones pointed out that it is the consuming pub- lic, not the farmers, whom these subsidies bene- fit inasmuch as they serve to keep dairy prices at an artificially low level. Without some, such system, it would be impossible for the Government to maintain its price ceilings.

The point has been stressed on several oe- msioais in these columns. Speaking generally, however, .\lr. Jones is no doubt right in saying that it has not been given the publicity it should have received. As a consequence there are many people, especially in the large urban centres, who imagine that our farmers are being pap-fed through subsidies, and who have no idea that there is any connection between these payments out of the treasury and the prices they pay for food. An unpleasant surprise awaits these consumers after the war, if the subsidies are (liscontinueil and farm prices al- lowed to reach their natural level.

Delinquent Parents’ School

The problem of juvenile delinquency is an ubiquitous one. It has been handled in dif- ferent ways by different communities, but a new angle seems to have been discovered in San Francisco, where a school for parents of youthful wrongdoers has been in operation for the past nineteen months. In that time, it is claimed, not one of the parents nor their chil- dren, have since been a court problem. The school is operated without cost to the munici- pality, with the exception of charges for lights for the auditorium where classes are held two hours a week. Lecturers are volunteers from various city departments. Establishment of the school resulted from voluntary agreement and did not require new legislation of any kind. The California, Welfare and Institutional Code al- ready provided that anyone who. contributes to the delinquency of a minor through failure to fulfill his duty may be fined, jailed orplaoed on probation. Juvenile court judges hold par- ents liable under this law for the acts of delin- quency committed by their children. They place. the “delinquent parent" on probation and order him to attend the parental school, under penalty of immediate fine or imprisonment. That's the gist of the idea.

The parents are required to attend eight two hour weekly lectures. The curriculum includes instruction in the legal responsibility of parents to their children, reviews problemswof an adoles- cent's school career, emphasizes necessity for co-operation between parent and school, the need of proper recreation for youths with explana- tion of activities which parents may share. Spe- cial lectures are given by a priest, a minister, and a rabbi, concerning the parents’ responsibility for giving their children some form of religious training. Health and mental problems are also discussed. Special advice concerning both adult and juvenile employment problems is given by representatives of the school departments and the U. S. Employment Service.

The school is the idea of its principal, Hr. George Jarrett, a one-time polioe reporter. “Ev- eryone was concerned with what the individual did and how he should be punished," he says. "No one was interested iii why they did it or what the causes of their trouble might have been. That is what we try to do at the school-find out the ‘why’ of trouble and remove the causes."

Operation of the school has attracted the _at- tention of numerous organizations, including the Canadian \Velfarc Council and the Can-

adian Medical Association. It would be intercr - ing to see the plan worked out in this country.

Bombing The

Invisible

In the earlier December days of the Ger- man advance into the bulge of Belgium the weather was very bad from the flying view- point, but invisibility did not stop some bomb- ing being done. This sounded at the time like trying to bomb invisible targets from above heavy cloud layers, and that, strangely, is just what was done. The British had invented a target-finding contrivance, a futurist bomb- sight, which reveals what is utterly invisible to the human eye. It is known in the Royal Air Force as the “gcn-box", or “black-hox". The design of the device has not been told about but the principle on which it works has been an- nounced.

The device beside the bomb-ainier in the nose of the aircraft consists of a radio-trans- mitter which sends a signal downwards at the incredible speed of 186,000 miles a second. The signal bounces upwards to the aircraft at the same rate of speed when it strikes a reflective surface, and so indicates the nature of the ground to the bomb-aimcr. That upward signal translates electronically on a cathode-ray tube faint outlines of the surface features. The land- ecapc is thus pictured in shadow-tone outlines on a fluorescent screen, allowing the bomb- ainier high above layers of thick clouds to peer into the obscurity below and recognize his ob- jective clearly.

This is understood tn be a bomb version of the echo-sounder used for many years in ships,

ated; for he was fond of good entertainment and especially of musing songs well sung. As a song writer he was unexoelled, even by Sliake- speare, and no doubt several of his composi- tions will be heard this evening. Tickets for tonight's performance should be obtained as early as possible in advance, as there is bound to be a big rush at the last minute.

-EDITORIAL NOTES-

First he would, then he wouldn't and after all Prime Minister King has allowed himself to be persuaded to take an active part in North Grey by-clection. His advisers must have got their wind up.

s e o s-

It is authoritatively stated the ‘new car ferry will not be ready before the Spring of 1946 at the earliest, reports to the contrary not- withstanding. Arrangementb should thus be made to adequately fill the gap between now and

that date.

i!!!

Robert Burns, Scottish poet, born this date 1759; was a plougliman, exciseman, farmer, but above all and always a poet-philosopher, whose works are more popular today than in the age in which they were written; the gist 0f his philosoplrv :

The heart ay's the part ay That makes "us right or wrang. 1 ‘I III l

"An English court imposed a fine of 5 pounds on an elderly clergyman who knocked a billeting officer unconscious with a blow of his cane during an altercation. Other clergymen (remarks the Gazette facetiously) have devel- oped less violent ways of putting people to

sleep."

iii!

There is an urgent demand in Britain for more lumber. Of Canada's total estimated pro- duction of 4,700,000,000 feet in 1944, the quan- tity earmarked for the British market was one billion feet. while 900,000,000 foct was destined for the United States and 200,000,000 feet for other countries, leaving some two billion feet for the domestic market.

o a s a

Hr. H. H. Kerr, Ontario director for the Canadian Vocational Training, says it is fear- ed that “large numbers of veterans will con- sider a bird in the hand worth two in the bush, and accept immediate cash payment on dis- charge rather than take the long-range vie\v- point that skill and knowledge once attained will benefit them for the rest of their days." Mr. Kerr added that Canada had on its statute books “what is perhaps the most advanced re- habilitation legislationltiriaith: world."

i‘

Prime Minister King and Premier Duples- sis are discussing by correspondence the rights of each respecting the appointment of a Lieut. Governor. The fomier says the matter is en- tirely in the hands of the Federal Government who pay the salary; whereas the latter con- tends as the Provincial Government pays for the upkeep of Government House, it should at least be consulted and approval obtained. The expenditure in 1944 by the Province was $57,- 052, divided into an allowance of $16,000 for entertainment, $27,038 for gardeners and labor- ers for the upkeep of Spencerwood, and $14,014 for general maintenance. This is aside from the $33,775 for the cost of the lieutenant gov- ernor's office in tile lsgiilatiye buildings.

An officer, in the thick of it on lhe West- ern front, writes: “Folks back home should not be discouraged by reports of Nazi advances here and there 0n the Western front; that was to he expected and allowed for in the Allies plan of campaign; what matters is that the Allies have the measure of their enemy and will see he is ultinutely driven back helter-skelter towards Berlin. The boys at the front are not worry- ing: at home you have been a little too optim- istic. Of course the Nazis are going to fight to the very last. Isn't that what the British would have done had Britain been invaded in 1939-40? But the Nazis know they are beaten all right. and ‘are merely fighting to prevent revolution, when the truth of their pitiful predicament fully dawns upon the deluded civilian population. They want the enemy to be there to maintain order when the Fuehrer and his gang walk the plank."

- s s- s-

Big overseas markets for modern British agricultural equipment are forecast for the post- war by Sir Miles Thomas, leading motor in- dustry expert, writing in the Landon Financial News. World agriculture as a whole, writes Sir Miles, is only at the beginning of mechan- ization. During the war the British industry has intensively developed the production of agricultural equipment and statistics clearly in- dicate that there is ample scope for further de- velopments to satisfy overseas needs. Mach- inery that is designed for the relatively small British farms should also stand a good chance in competition on the continent of Europe. where the farming conditions approximate more close- ly to those of the British lslcs than they do to

listes 0y The Way

While overhauling loielee are living concern In Ottawa, Leth- brldge la facing a shortage of um. breltns and i-atnooats-lsethbrldge Herald.

Every house in the town of Cray-

fflrd. Kent, which had 1,201 houses

1n 1039. has been damaged twloe on

"Vfiflfleuhfi 999m)’ bomhm-I-nndon a .

Dally

It is seventy-five yoars since chs gum was patented and an- other great. industry started on lts

way. Imaglnatlon, tnltlatlve and stlck-to-ltlven dld the rest. _. Winnipeg ‘n-lbune.

And ff radio warnings and coun- sel were sound. it ls believed they are-then men at 45 or 50 should leave the snow shovel strictly alone and let youth have the entlre fling. -Bt. Catliarlnes Standard.

\ Tho first ice cream soda ls said to have been due to an error on the part of a young man in Phila- del l-ila '70 years ago. some of the so as of war-time production siill

are errors. _ Brockvllle Recorder and Times. Flak shawls. blankets and cur-

talns are belniz perfected by the Army Alr Force Material Command to protect fighter and bomber crews, says Science Service. The shawl. a sort of horse collur with special tall pieces, interferes less with body movements than bulky armor.

The men who are fighting tn the flooded swamps of Holland, the airmen “L10 are risking 0.10M‘ lives every day and every night over Germany. the dogged and weary plodders who are noldlng down to the ground 15 divisions of the enemy ln Italy—they, with all other com- bat. men. are making possible tne fabulous falryland of too-much- money ln Canada.-—Daupliin Her- a

Prime Minister Winston Chur- chlll has leaped to the defence of Britain's exclusive "public" schools, which recently were under attack by the newspaper owned by his cabinet colleague, Lord Beaver- brook. Churchlll said: “We cari- not afford to pull down the grelt beneficlent. institutions which help- ed make us what we were ln the last war and to keep us what we are tn thls. — St. Thomas ‘Times- Journal.

prominence and power such as a Churchill or a Roosevelt to hold u radio audience evtgi for one or two broadcasts. The lsposltion on the part. of most. listeners when smaller fry attempt that feat to the tune of long, prepared 0nd often Lire- some addresses ls to cut. them off without ceremony and to turn to something which holds greater promise of relaxation and enter- tainment. Politicians who go on the air for weeks on end simply outwear their welcome and become posltlve bores. voices to be avoided. to the average llstener.-—Brockvllle Recorder and Times.

The Vancouver Sun, which is al- ways protesting the beauties of _i.s coastal climate and denouncing ours, has latelv confessed its own doubts. We observe that lts car- toonist now draws a human figure representing Vancouver which lius webbed feet, llke a duck, you know. We are not: able to say whether this conception ls drawn from lite, from a photograph or from imagin- atlon. But it. conflrms some pri- vate fears we long have harbored about Vancouver. People very llkc- ly wlll grow webbed feet lf they continue to live there. The Sun's cartoons are probably Intended to be funny. Perhaps they are pro- phetto-Wlnnlpeg Free Press.

Imperial Chcnnical Industries an- nounced recently thag lts labora- torles have produced wool fibre from peanuts and that out of the fibre cheap mothproof cloth can be made. The oll pressed from the nuts has commercial uses, and the residue of pressing ls a good cattle fodder. Any frult 0r vegetame that. contains protein should be convertible lnto a wool-llke fibre. Sheep's wool ls largely protein. “Wool" has been made from milk and fish, both of which contain protein. It. could also be made on; of meat. lf there were any sense ui doing so.

It is not, necessary to puck your letters wltn palnfully-svrougli pass- sages of description ln order to wrlte great. letters. Llvellness and spontaneity are the secrets. though some skill ln the handling of your native tongue does not come amiss. The modern home does not pro- vlde much space for keeping nny- thing, but it you are the receiver of good letters you might make space for p few bundles of them ln a trunk or a cupboard. Your children and your children's ehll- dren wlll be glad to have them. - Peterborougli Examlrier.

A belated Cairo message reports the discovery, rather more ihazi two years ago, on one of King Faroulis estates on the lower Nile. of an ancient burial ground that. promises to yield rlch information. Zaakl Yuslf Bey. sent by the D1- rectorate of Antiquities at Cairo. at once appreciated the importance of the find. and from the contents of the tombs recognised that some of the articles belonged to a period earlier than that of the First DY- naaty, revealing a clvtllzatlon more advanced than any known to oxlst so early. Hieroglyphics on the stop- poet of a perfume-bottle are said

bear the name of a kind not known to belong tn any of the ear- dynasties.

1y‘ The dlsoovery may

t row light on the earliest known

Bgrlod of Egyptian civilization. ndon Spectator.

v haa a parish hall management committee, pre- sident of the women's institute, chief salvage steward, vitamin dls- tributor, and Ministry of Informa- tlon correspondent-all ln one wo- man. Bhe ts also a driver ln the volunteer car pool, represents the Women's Voluntary Association, is s member of the Parochial church council. the church social commit- tee. the Soldlers‘. Sailors’ and Air I'm-ca Benevolent Fund, the local comforts fund. and a first nld arty. She ts Mrs. P. M. Rowell, of Northlll Grange. Bedfordshlre. and also has s house, husband, and four chlldreii to look after. Even ln Britain. where so many people have multiple wartime Jnbs, ahe must be s IOOOItL-Ulndun

but delicately contrived to reveal s picture in-

the wide open spaces of the Americas.

It takes a man of exceptional v

One Ellllllh lllsge councillor. chairman of the village m4

THE CHARUJTTETOWN’ GUARDIAN

‘ FAMILY ALLOWANCES

Important Message to Parents

On or about July l, 1945, the Domin- ion Government at Ottawa wlll M811 making payments under the new Fam- ily Allowance Act.

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FEDERATION BUSINESS

Sln-The annual meeting of the Prince Edward Island Federation of Axrloulture will he held tne lat- ter part of February. tho to to be annotmoedlater through the press. In the meantime. members are invited £0 Elve consideration to any matter that they wish to to taken _ the Federation. Such questlotu should be given first con- stderatlun and act-ton taken through one or more of the different as- sociations that go to make up the Federation of Agriculture, namily the Potato Growers‘ Assoclatlon. the Livestock Marketing Board, Women's Institute. Farmers’ 1n- Smufir. Dclrymens Association, Fox Breeders’ Association Flshemierrs Unions, Credlt. Union league. Ore. dlt. Unions and other smaller as- sociate organlzntlons.

If the lfeaeratlon is going to i; n a position to function satisfac- Wfllv it W111 Wqlllre the complete CU-OPCIZILIOI] of nll our rural pm.

le. This means prompt action through the respective orgniijmg. ions and attendance at our anncul meeting. Any rswlnllcn covering matters to be discussed at our 11n- iiual meetlng should he forwarded Dromptly to the undersigned by member organizations. Ortltlnlzatlou and CU-Opefaucn of all our rural people ls absolutely necessary if we ever hope to get our qua-per snnre of the national ln- cctnc. An urgent ilppeal ls also mace to the 01011531111)! of the province and other rural leaders to join wltli us in solving problems of a rural nature.

J Iyarpk Slr. 8w.

- . '. AIN R. President PEI. Federation of Agriculture l3 Pleasant Street,

Charlottetown.

Hismry Of The Flu

(From an eddies by Dr. Ron. altl Hare, Research Associate, Connaught Laboratories, Toronto).

fluenza occurs in 1485 at the end of the Wars of the Roses ivhen a dis- ease called by Frenchmen the "English Siveat" made lts appear- ance amongst the troops of Henry II after the battle of Bosworth. Slnee then, in the hierarchy of epidemic diseases which have plagued mankind, Influenza has taken lilgli place. The epidemic kind which recurs roughly at, twu. year intervals. causes at each re- turn about 52 million people to take to their beds. The pandemic cycle, which last occurred in 1918- 19, ls a different vlsltatlon. It. then caused 21 mllllon deaths ln one yeiir.

Influenza was known by lts name ln 1767. That year Lord Chester- field wrote to his son, from Black. heath: “You any Dresden ls very sickly. I am sure London ls a: least as sickly now for there reigns an epldemlcal distemper called by the genteel name of Plnfluenza It ls n little fever which scarcely anybody dies of, and lt generally goes off wlth a little looseness. I have escaped lt I believe by being here. God keep you from all dla_ tempers and bless you."

vlrus disease, influenza pre- sents other difficulties than do most epidemics to those who ivould check lts spread. Deep sea fishermen - while they remain ti‘; sen-and llQhEIIOIXSE keepers escape infection but very few of us would take up these professlons merely to escape influenza." Isolntlon and quarantine in the ordinary sense are impracticable. af pi-eventivcs,

One remaining hope ls lmmun_ lzatlon. Dr. Hare showed moving pictures of the technique of manu. facturlng a vaccine at Connaught Laboratories where, as ln many other parts of the world, thls work 1S IITOEPBSSlIIE. Except men, fer- rets are the only known animal: susceptible to influenza infection The first step therefore ls to ln- fect closely isolated ferrets. Fer- tile eggs are then used for pro- duclng the vlrus on a larger scale: the supernatant fluld of the eggs being the raw material of the vac- clne. In the vaccine the influenza vlrus has been rendered harmless. If this vaccine is injected below the skin it may stimulate the lm- mlmil-Y Rlllmratus to such an ex- tent that immunity ls established. That ls the hope. Dr. Hare was not over-hopeful: "A vaccine made this way was given very extensive trials a year ago. About 6.000 persons received the vaccine and another 6,000 were left as con. trols. When the epidemic arrived only 138 in the immunized group got influenza ivhcrens 442 ln the control group were infected. Th: whole experiment wlll have to be repeated a number of tlmes before we can adopt or condem this method of immunization. For this reiison I hope no one wlll leave thls room thinking we have some. thing which wlll protect against Influenza. It may be some time before we shall know."