I kept on Prince
NOTHING DELIGHTS the heart ghter of Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Ray-[ shipment from the Raynor Chick of a child more than the feel of nor of Mount Herbert, tries tofliatchery but Melody Ruth is a\ a baby chick in its hand. Galel interest her baby sister in one of bit cautious about picking up the‘
Ann Raynor, five year old dau-
Poultry
Improves The Standard
(By C.S.. Scranton)
For many years, poultry breed- ers throughout Canada have been breeding pure bred strains or poultry. The better breeders have been entered under. Record of Performance whic-h is a. Na- tional Policy for the improvement of pure bred birds. This policy is divided into two parts one and. two for pure‘ breeds according to the size and nature of the test a breeder wishes to come under.
During the early part of 1957, it was realized that still f-u-rther information could be gathered -that would be of great assistance to the farmer. Therefore, Part 3 was added to the existing R.0. P. Policy. This part has to do with the testing of cross strains of cross breeds of poultry.
It is a well known fact that dif- lerent crosses of poultry behave differently. Some lay better than othens, some grow larger, some live better, w.hile others have bet- ter feed conversion. The all im- portant thing to test for is which breed or cross gives the great- est amount of profit per bird at the end of the year. This can vary in strains from one section Of 1119 C0UI1fI’y to the other. QUICK ACTION
To meet this demand, some Is- land poultry breeders were quick to set up tests under the new pol- icy for the testing of crossbred chic-ks that were sold commer- cially in Prince Edward Island. To accomplish this end, some . thing unique was established at Central Bedeque where two breed- ers pooled their resources and set up the first Part 3 Random Sample Test in the province and the first in Canada using identi-
Ithe chicks being prepared
Rauynor and W.J. MacDonald and Son have had entries in the Cen- ed poultry stand high in National tr-al Test since its inception. Al-
on a trip up the Trans-Canada highway tostop at North Tryon, you would find Mrs. Frances Rob- erts actively engaged in raising geese‘ and ducks cial way. This lady has pioneered in the hatching of goose and duck eggs in modern electric incuba- tors. .
~ It all started back in 1953 when Mrs. Roberts decided that would like to expand ‘her then small business. ducted in a way that gained her a lot of knowledge and experience, but the thought occurred to her that with better equipment her profit could be increased with lit- tle extra work.
iness and the next spring saw her with two electric ' incubators. A small outbuilding served as her hatchery for the first season. Not
cal wire bottom pens.
These breeders, Wilfred J. Mac. Donald and Son, Alvin, together with Ivan Dawson, established this test on Mr. Da-wson’s pom. try farm. 'Ilhey realized that by °'°'m‘b1Y|1n8 their efforts in o n e unit that more unlformuity and greater results could be obtained then ‘by each breeder working a- lone in a smaller setup.
The MacDonald-Dawson Part 3 Test -as it is known was started In January. 1957. when one case Of 350 hatching eggs 'w»a,5 ibaken at random from each of twelve different filoclcs. The eggs were set to hatch on February 9. On that (1319. 125 pullets from each lbreed were saved and were floor brooded to’ three months of age at which ti-me 110 of each cross were moved into separate wire
5930111 Pens to remain there un-
til the test is completed. ACCURATE METHODS
Accurate records are ma-ii1t;a.in-
ed M these ‘bhids at all times. T|11'<‘-1‘y are being tested for batch- ‘bl It-‘V h_V31b11‘1t5’- egg Droduction, 022 fluallty, feed conversion, and gveralil DI‘0~fit. The results of the irst test are being compiled 11110111111 by month and some in- teresting compa-risions appear on the charts. < One thing stands out, that is that some crosses are producing one dozen eggs for more than two pounds less feed than some of -the other crosses. This alone could mean a saving of 9 or 10 cents ‘t0 Produce a dozen eggs This lflI‘SI. test will run turiil the end of June at which time they will be :slaughtered and sold for W93‘ Purposes. Testing of this nature involves (aiiei lelaiborage setup and a great 8» of care and record keeping in order to determine the best possible breeds of poultry to be Edward Island :§§il‘m‘S. Messrs. MacDonald and awson realize that if they are to maintain and improve the 111211 qua-lity of poultry they have Supplied farmers in the past a constant endeavour to search for even better bird: . - zroal. 5 Wm be the” 1Nl\TI‘ENSIVE STUDY rMq"t§°13:9\:,1*f£1E:! treat on their lau- _ " . ' S is in progress hhlinsinlsllng “°V911teen different — -«es and tlirce.waV some of \\'Ilil('1l were "new ‘1 " :1 - \g .1‘ pro‘ “£1111 l;(:(.)t<:c| before. This new '1U1.\' this Dream ‘Mord eafly 11’! be cr ,' I alld results will miplmg-(1 m July 1,)- V.»\nollier I(‘\I of [Ur l . ' - ar na. II'i:lI(:;‘< )m\]l1lg bet Um at Ram“ ‘- ~~ - - 1‘I€l‘b‘3l‘I.. Th‘ lii'ccdei' has not tested . I 5 Uilclm‘ the Part 31‘tesi bwds the first year at-cumruilatingspoegllf er Wliilc l.e:horn strains to com: lune with his own established S1_.l‘H|n of Leghnrns. The first 1‘\H‘r1s have been hatched and are being hrooded at the present time. D‘U1‘1I1is' I119 Dast four years, a Random Sample Test has been
old daughter of Mrs.
cocker spaniel in a group of day these birds".
for chick.
R. O. P. Testing
of ‘Canada and some from the though results a.re given‘ over a United States are tested. Ralph long term average, it is’beco»m- ing apparent that-Island produc-
competition.
Tryon, Lady Finds Geese Profitable
having enough eggs to fill her new machines, she started accepting goose and duck eggs from neigh- bours for custom hatching. Busi- ness increased so rapidly that soon she was faced with further expansion and this saw her re- novating a large barn into a mo- dern hatchery with eight electric incubators which, at the present time, are filled to capacity. HAD SETBACKS
As in any business venture, it is not all sunshine, and Mrs. Rob- erts had a few setbacks. In her
If you were to take time out
in a commer-
she
It had been con-
ants, she discovered to her sor- row that the pheasant breeding stock was diseased. This meant slaughtering and destroying all the old birds. _
Many a person would have been discouraged and quit, but fired by a determination to overcome obstacles, she gratefully accep-
She started to expand her bus-
:
' a percentage of
_day new customers come to her
first attempt at hatching plieas-I
In 1957, P. E. ;Island again led ‘all Canada in Grade A hogs with approximately 55, while the all-Canada percent- age remained at 30. This super- iority in quality is further em- phasized when we note that in all the hogs shipped between 140-170 lbs. carcass weight about 75 per- cent make Grade A. Unfortuna- tely, from the viewpoint of quali- ty and of profit to the producers, about 20 percent of all Island ymarket hogs reach the plant in a total annual loss of about 100,000 dollars to Island hog pro- ducers. EXPECT INCREASE
The past year shows a low level of production in this province with less than 70,000 hogs market- ed through inspected plants. Dur- ing the war years ‘ th-is volume reached a record production of 105,000 head. Considering the in- crease in sows bred to farrow it is expected that this production will approach 100,000 head in 1958. Due to the great increase in the number of large hog feeding units, the demand and price. of feeder pigs has been quite high. merit to increased production, it
ted a gift of disease-free stock in the form of hatching eggs from the Shubenacadie Game Farm in Nova Scotia.
This time her venture was suc- cessful and, with good breeding stock, she intends to raise some five hundred ring-necks to see if it will turn into a worthwhile pro- ject.
CUSTOM HATCHING
Much of the business at the Tryon Hatchery is the custom hatching of goose and duck eggs for neighbours and farmers in all parts of the province. Many are old customers who from other years know that if their eggs are fertile, fresh, and p r o p e rl y cared for, techni- cal know-how and modern ma- chines can do the job better and in a bigger way than an old hen set on a half dozen eggs. Ech
hatchery with the words, “Could you hatch a few goose eggs for me?" ‘
Mrs. Roberts is specializing in Pilgrim geese and White Pekin ducks at the present time. The Pilgrim goose is a medium sized bird that has two distinct advan- tages. One is that its sex can be determined at hatching time since the males and females are dif- ferent in color. The other is that fewer males need to be kept in a large breeding flock.
This strain was developed in recent years. White Pekin ducks are not a new strain but are con- sidered by many breeders as ex- cellent. They are large white birds that grow fast. The feath- ers on the breast are creamxish white in color which makes pin feathers the same color as the
DIANNE ROBERTS 11 y e a r old goslings at their Tryon Farm, _ _ Frances but doggie seems to take the at- Roberts, tries to interest hertitude, “He will have no part of
f
try this \\. ‘\\\
Iiglmr, trinnlur "IE1"
in up rviimuni: sroiiiwin
Power packed! Compact! Now, Sportwin is smarter, handler than ever with a new stream. lined lower unit that loses nothing in rugged- ness, yet cuts 7 lbs. from its weight. It's all muscle. This is the motor that planes a husky fishing boat at 20 miles an hour. . . trolls like a dream...and is whisper quiet all the way. Add effortless Eas-A-Matic starting and "on have the perfect power package for 00
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flesh when killed. In consumer marketing this is a distinct ad- var_i,ta.ge over birds with black pin feathers.
New and old customers are treated the same at the Roberts’ Hatchery-—a friendly smile, a few minutes to chat, constructive advice in how to handle rgoslings or ducklings, has won for Mrs. Roberts an ever increasing busi-
MAINTAIN QUALITY
Island Yorkshires Lead AII Canada
is already showing evidence that less care is being exercised in the breeding and health of pigs sold as feeders. Already some of these larger operators are con- sidering the proposition of rais- ing their own feed-ers. It would be due -to careless breeding and in- different sanitation.
FOR BREEDING
In the production of breeding stock and in the sales to outside points during 1957, the volume h-as reached a record level. Ship- ments in quantity have been made to all provinces east of the Rockies. For the first time, car- load lots of registered Advanced Registry sows and boars have been shipped to Ontario.
At the Brandon All-Canada Swine Show and Sale held last July, the Island entry was very While this has been an encourage- successful. Mr. Stirling Willis won the Reserve Champion aged sow which sold for $335.00.
Mr. Almon Bosw-all had the highest priced young boar at $325.00 this exhibit made 1 very favorable impression on swine producers in the West.
OTHER. PRIZES
At the Maritime winter fair last November, Island swine exhibits won practically every prize. At Saskatoon Swine Sale stock of Is- land breeding captured top plac- ings and the highest prices. At the November Calgary Swine sale, Major innes, Ogden Alta., won Champion boar and Reserve Champion sow with exhibits of pure Island breeding. At the Ottawa Summer Show, Lt. Col. George Reeves, Both, 0nt., had the Grand Champion boar and won in the market classes with exhibits of Island breeding.
In the field of Advanced Regis- try, about one half -the Canadian sows scoring 90 or over in slaugh- ter were either Island bred or carried Island breeding in their pedigree.
The demand from outside buy- ers is prompted by the fact that the key breeders in, this province keep in their herds, no sows which score under 85 and that al- most all the boars kept in ser- vibe or sold for breeding purposes are from sows scoring 90 or over. This high‘ standard is showing re- sults in the high percentage of Grade A carcasses from the pro- geny of Island stock shipped to other provinces. The amazing in- crease in the grading of N. S. and N. B. market hogs during re- cent years is in no small measure due to the boars sold to these areas by Island breeders. INSPECTION
Recently arrangements have been made whereby all Island key heards of registered breed- ing stock will be periodically in- spected by qualified veterinarians
This should serve as 2: protect- tion to the outside buyers in that a cerificate of health can be fur- nished when shipments are made.
The prevalence of Rhinitis in Central and Western Canada makes such inspection of great value to prospective buyers from areas.
If the breeders in this province adhere to the breeding practices and to the standard of quality followed in the past there is little doubt that P. E. Island will continue to supply all other pro-
er of swine breeding stock. -
HESS. I
YOU BUY . . .
fishing and family pleasure boating. GOWI
E. M. Cannon
Court Street Siimii1erslr.le_ P.E.1,
operated at Ottawa. Here the leading birds from different parts 1‘
-
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vinces with an increasing numb-' -
Breeders from other provinces
have a goo dreason for buying Island boars and sows. They re- cognize the fact that Island swine are the best in Canada.
Brood Sow Important
To Breeder
The comercial swine breeder may well consider the brood sow his most important investment. The constructive breeder breeds mainly from gilts, but for the production of market hogs, pro- ven sows should be retained as long as they are capable of pro- ducing thrifty litters. Sovvs should not be kept through the win-ter unless they have previously de- monstrated their ability to pro- duce and raise a large litter. SOW RATIONS
After the fall litters are wean- ed, in October or November, the sows should be brought up in condition for breeding in Decem- ber or January, says C. G. Hick- man, C e n t r a 1 Experimental Farm. Ottawa. A feed mixture of two part wheat, or one of equal parts oats and barley, with additional protein supplement to bring the protein level of the ration to 14 per cent, is a basic dry or pregnant sow rat-ion. Smaller amounts of barley or wheat may be fed.
The protein supplement should consist of approximately half ani- mal protein and half vegetable protein. Skim milk, buttermilk, or whey are excellent protein supplements. One pound of a mix- ture of bonemeal and iodized salt in equal parts to 600 pounds of the above dry meal mixture will provide ample amounts of the necessary minerals.
Vitamin requirements are sat- isfied by either providing green hay freely or by including 5 to 15 per cent alfalfa meal in the ra- tion. One pound of dry feed to 100 pounds of sow per day is a guide as to how ‘much feed should be fed. The sows should not be- come overfat.
HOUSING NEEDS
Housing need not be elaborate. 111 Winter. dry or pregnant sows are better outside with cabins for shelter and lots for exercise. Feeding some distance from the cabins provides the necessary ex- ercise. Well drained land is ideal location for the cabins. Drafts can be prevented and heat re- tained in roughly built cabins by rounding all but the entrances with straw held firm with a snow
The brood sow, being such an important item in the hog busi- ness, deserved the feed and man- agement that has developed from many years of research to make hog raising profitable.
_A ‘P'9!‘5éGl31y - packed parachute will open within 21/2 seconds af-
Sniffling Pigs May Have A
Serious Disease
pigs
Sneezing and sniffliiiz 111 but
may be relatively 11a1'm1e5S‘ all too often. 1 Iliiyrlfaeiilioi the early Signs °‘ the disease. at~1‘0P111C rhinitis‘
It is a condition which cauéfs a wasting away 0f_ the b°n.eS ‘lln the nose. The stricken animas show a peculiar dished in or twis- ted face and often are very 5115‘ ceptible lo re5I111‘3t01‘Y dlseases However, the gI‘e3te,5t, 105,5 comes‘ from poor feed utilization an general untliriftiness. ‘ There is little that can be 190- ommended in the way Of treat‘ ment that offers any great deal of hope. However, veterinary me‘ dical scientists haye developed 3 program which will prevent and eliminate the disease from most herds. _ This program calls for drastic action. The farmer must be W111- ing to either destroy or 15013136 the affected pigs then market the
entire herd. Then the hog house
and equipment must be complete- Ly cleaned and disinfected be- fore more hogs are Purchased- Breeding stock should be P111‘ chased from a herd known to be free of-. the disease.
However, a farmer may save valuable blood lines if he will 150- late at weaning time, the healthy pigs he wishes to keep as founda- tion stock. A veterinarian should be consulted to supervise the pro-
the Canadian Veter- Association warns-‘
to keep a close check on the herd at all times. This lS especially important for purebred breeders.
_...—<mj“‘:*—*
Why Schoolhouse Is Painted Red
There was a sound reason for painting the little red schoolhouse that color. Our thrifty ancestors had access to deposits of red iron oxide and linseed oil from the flax they grew themselves. A mixture of the two made a durable paint. 1 For a long time this simple paint was the only available kind, and barns, houses ‘and public buildings alike were coated with the same all-purpose preserva- tive. Long after white and other colors of paint could be had, the old custom of painting barns and other large structures with the old-fashioned red ochre persisted.-
o
in fashion with w" ’ commend it. I
The red paint was. cause iron oxide co ’ , attacked by ‘me 3 2 . was alread a cowl dized material. Chem, ’
a stable substance iron rust. No won¢fe,"
ed States Depaiptme * ture, thinks thefql having a white” mm barn ought to be‘.
Browne, who see authorityon such
relative colors_ gava the necessaryjmp‘ scheme of things; barn and house are same‘ color, the ham, overshadow and
Frederick Browne, l
Prince Edward separate area from. entered, Confedenaty
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