n _4____

Thut ‘invariably defective animal

at Otto

inauguration oi’ this policy in 1913 2.531 bulls, purchased for 330x596

an average of $144.85 per head. had these, British Columbia has had 119, Alberta 197. Manitoba 220, 759, New Brunswick 64, Nova Scotia 79 and Prince Edward‘ Island 38. Returns

been so loaned. Of

Saskatchewan 539. Ontario 216. Quebec

substantiate the statement that where these bulls have rbeen used there has been a considerable im- provement in the stock marketed, andlnet ln many districts to which ' bulls were loaned five or six years ago, farmers have felt warranted in puying pure-bred animals of their" own, As a result, department-loaned sires are released and sent to more needy districts This is particularly‘ noticeable in Quebec, where the number loaned decreased from 200 in 1916. to 62 in 1919. while in Al- berta and Saskatchewan the loan- ingghgd increased. lt la interesting to note as evidence of the economy practiced in carrying out the pol- icy that in one year 4.6 hulls whofle usefulness had "become iinllfllwd were sold at an average-oi" 67 per cent. of their original 905l-

THE SIRE THAT ts one» AT anv Panes

When you are out to buy a sire. my one “m; moors all_ your tie- qulrements; any other is dear d! any price. Let no breeder try l° sell you somethinl that Y0“ kill)" is not what you should have. even ‘ "mug; the price may lfllllll W“ l°

- ‘ - do male to replace the scrub or if"; t ‘hulls’ they have, "ml “m” “ all indications the selection ggsmmude to fit a price- allll "l" l” . _ fi _ fit the reoullellllllllll l". herd m ‘movement. Allyfilll‘ mak-lngiiiugllch mun-E“ “m Pay demrlih ‘ciorrgrade to an exchange “om scllianfle what: ‘pursuits: i: glgorelsibstxtu‘m“‘ The i5 m“ I the part cause for this mistake l“! k. ,- , ' 1h r his lac o .ot the farrnegfiiheé ‘vaelue of a pure.

flllhreclaflqn - merit, or bred sire tor hard ‘iilgltlzalrlllxlifile what h“ mammy at his herd re~

kind oi an ‘llllm . sfiglzlrreatesxt value of a pure bred

_4.

-_...~

Growing BOYS

And Gills ~

Need Rich. n“ 5mm" w KG” up . Health and Strength-

~ k that ill" llit is a- lnllnlsakea‘gifilgnvonlplaim aernia is b m.‘ Show m“ Gm“ or Girls pro‘; y blood mm, mainly ilhzankllboysa gut runny llllyfi in their teens Elm” ‘mm and weedy‘ Etlrhnh ing that they M" m" m, tb-imt-Lor that it is uhin and watery. Le, w, bay in ‘Hill! cotiditioncitcli my] and he will lose his strength . Qua his health becomes precarious.

THE‘ UNQIQl-BAILE" IORUI IULL

the scrub. bull. is being gradually elimlnagd. The Live Stock Branch . , . by ll! Policy of loaning l pure-brad ‘hulls to specially organ- ‘ ized ‘associnoions in newly settled districts and in backward sections of the older provinces, is doing much towards achieving this end. In the seven years following the

that ‘have been _ barns are sensitive to the cbillrrrg winds. They do not do well ii coni- on cold.

through broodiness is an _| v ant economic factor. Many [will-ll

dams ' in type, or

replaced. and we mllllv-i-hhe object

used on a do untold damage.

bred sire is

» vent if possible trensmissio

study the pedigree and

best information.

an inventory of‘

an animal that is strong

hence does not know what

intensified in the offspring. ——"

PASTURING CALVES

Calves dropped in the

ration.

tCalves sliould not be put on D35" sture until the weather is settled. protection against cold storms and sudden changes oi‘ wea- Calves in warm

Adequate ther should be Drovided. housed

pelled to sleep a‘ “l8lll dauip ground.

Plenty oi‘ shade should be Dlfivld‘ ed the calves during the sunrmer. Give them all tne clean, will“ ‘he?’ will drink during the hot wcallier. Calves do much better where. they have access to drinking water at such times when they ""0 3v ‘lrmk __ than they do when watered from‘ a

pull twice daily.

As the relative Jrnncrtansjg vl 3 high egg yield is lllklllB °5 Pa“ significance it becomes ilpnfllltglfllf import-

tbat the number of days

sire lies in his ability to produce oifopriug that are better than their production, , both. If he lacks ability tb do this,

he is no better than the animal s. get no improve- _ of all breeding operations. If such an animg] i, Pure-bred herd he may

The first requirement of a pure- to_ overcome faults or defects in our herds; that is, pre-

l1

these defects to the offspring. This is done by selecting a male strong in those qualities wherein the fe- males are weak. If our herd has a lelldflllfly to faulty, rumps. the sire. should ‘be exceptionally strong in Iflll respect. Try to get a look at his parents to see if his good qual- ities came by chance or were lu- herlted. If inherited. he will be‘ sat‘- er ‘to ‘use than otherwise. Improve- ments iu other respects are brought about iu a like manner. if increas- ed production is what you want see that good production is immediately he- ttiud hint. It‘ daughters are in milk, study their records; these are your

y To make an intelligent selection of a pure-bred sire. you should take the deficiencies found in your nerd, then try to buy in the points in which your herd is weak. The man from whom you intend to buy may not have seen your lierd.iflalisfnlrlollly- you‘ want; ‘sdknow yourself and do not let him try to sell you an animal you should not use. lt" the same de- tects are t‘ound in both parents this defect will innearly every case be

‘rt-re cosr o|= sa-ooomsss .

men know in a general way lllfll

if a hen is broody for iwo weeks

Dbl. suffi- clently the amount oi‘ money lost

her production is cur dovru. they have riot considered

each time a hon E095 llllmdl’?

Some breeds

T overcome this t-rou-blc sive both others and the slim“ ls ll'll° O ‘ .

- ‘n iris Dr. “"14" lflgllrllsyveaglgl?) lllrlsdagd see 1W“! 50¢,“ 800d appetite returns and the weak may or ianquid girl become.- uiu tit activity and hltlill snubs Mrs. r. Garvey. R ll‘ N“ 5' M°.“° Mi s, l0n‘t.. tells ‘what this medicine (Id ,-for her‘ your: w“- Slle “Y” _.-"|"h'ros years ago, my little boy nacho-was then 11 yells "lfl- “'35 very pa“; “p41 weigkrha ‘would take lain-ting spells and complained of tt pain about ‘his, hill"!- U"? d“? a lady friend who noticed his run- dowit condition told me lrer datiillll- er ‘had been in a similar state and found new health through 9"- Willianis‘ Pink Pills. -l therefore got a supply for my ‘boy. and by l the ‘time the first box was used his appetite seemed better, and lby the ‘time heiiad ‘ta-ken half atluzeti box- i es everyone was fi-HTPflllB-ll ill lll change in his condition, he was l such a fine, healthy Wllflllil My Be had grown tall and stout, with t’ no signs of his former run-down condition. fl believe Dr o-Wil- liams’ Pink Pilleare unexcelled for"

‘Dr. Williams‘ Pink Pills arc sold ‘hyali medicine dealers or hy infill s-t 60 cents a lbox 0f six tbnxes fol‘ $2.50 from The Dr. Whiltams’ Medl- cine 60., Bmckville, 0n!

.HE szrzos ,1

tutti»; "no;

PlifllfillEEp

- ‘ins ‘l.i','$'%fia‘1“‘°““"‘l°'°“ SOHWVW " ‘I _ inCsnada.

iprudttction for

some strains of l! breed as c

show that

-lialf times

rreetls about three ‘days. Pra

ilg on the ‘basis that time of "ear, the ‘loss ihroitgli bi"oodin

erc-nt breeds. ‘The ‘loss per

birds was found to ho $39.71. Plymouth lllocks, $45.23 for Wynn- I-houslmd doles $57.71 for Reds snynmrwealt‘ and run down." for Leghorns. The moral

drawn frotn these flgllle! l5 break up the broody lien as quick- ly as tpossilble

and

and -try rto

GElClW FINEST

0 wrllfiflllhedzntiudtomers Illihtfbeen etijoyftfg

throughsowing Steele,

Ask your dealer 191i

‘ ' Write lost m Illuetn ed catalogue -

I, I I16

aritl

some hens go broody 1W0 0i‘ "We" titties a year. more inclined to E0 b10903’ l

are han

of oni-

pared with other strains. Broodiucss decreases e58 Pm‘ duction and therefore affects lin-

ancial returns. ‘Information gained from the records of the Vineflnnd laying contest Reds and Wyandotles so lllflflill’ ‘about ‘two and a your, and Legihorns one and one half times. Of the total num- bcr oi‘ heavy ‘breeds from 60 to 70 [lf-l‘ cent of them went whllle only about 10 119i‘ (‘Elli Ql’ ll" the light breeds went broody. The average numiber of days lost hen per year for the heavy breeds was ulbout 21 and for the

Rocks.

‘t!

0H6

‘b roody.

per

light

cil-

cally all of the ‘broodiness occurr- cd from March to July, and figur- _ _ m- Go Dm- cpn; for doing most any kind‘ of iurm

ilre ess

has been determined for the dif-

100 for

$6.49 to be tracttors and sold to do all ortlin~

l0

"new pull. and it is very evident m“ M. yo“, mock ‘he tplndency to the light machine ‘with the ‘hroodiness. s‘

(DEHORNING CATTLE IIO SAVING TO BEE

or INDUSTRY

of producers.

moderately cool.

ticable. the ‘calf should ‘be treats

that it ls surprising there remal farmers who neglect

from one (lay to two weeks

ther growls of‘ the horn. as stub make calllc look staggy.

for dehorning cattle. 1. It improves their appearance.

better, will show’ larger gains a

less cost. 3.More dehorned cattle

‘i. All buyers, feeders. horned cattle. as compared to dehorned cattle.

cattle are dehorned. \\

moo-y“-

IN A GARDEN.

tall and 59m. Thoughts for Men who Love early winter should be allowed to do so. Be ready ‘.0 pay Wllal a“ 3m‘ i"t|n on pasture during the summer. mal is worth, for it’ he is any belle‘ Pasture, however, should not be de- m w your herd he will ‘be cheap Bl pended upon altogelner. as it con- eny llrice you may he asked to llirly- ruins too large an amount oi water

There are a lot of farmers who m proportion to the food nutrients have ‘been buying pure bred ani- to insure the calves a satisfactory

the Soil.

“Town is for ‘the yolllll;

.it.,"" says Mi". ‘Stephen Gwynn "Garden Wisdom." are right; should get out

i.ioti, to grefter ses poires.

"in a revolution a. market 511T" dener. if not trso highly specialized would occtvpy a

Under any ‘form of

they were not. designed. “Bulrns, no doulbt.

poets. Friendships are ‘the rewards of life-its decorations. what one has most right to 'he prioud of. ‘ - “To my thinking, gardening is moat really an art in those -English cottage gardens which are in ‘horti- culture what folk-song is in tpocligv, the simplest, freshest, and in some ways most delightful them all. In rhese gardens noth- ing grows but ibecause the grower so desired it; every flower is the expression not only of the garden- crlr slkill hut of his feeling for flow- crs. "l never go through the English home counties in summer, and Sur- ‘rey in particular, without a resent- ful feeling that all the trees and fields, and the cows in ‘the field, have had rheu- hair combed and brushed every morning. The men of t-wo generations stalbled fiogeth- er will almost invariably boreeach other if tlhey have ‘any interests other than tzhoee of the moment."

-—-—--'<0>--- THE VALUE OF A TRACTOR I To get real value out of a trac- tor. the value tnust he built into the machine. If must be tieslgnetl

work. and then be manufactured to the standard of the best'auto— mobiles.

There are on the market tract- ors varying in weigh-t from three to seven thousand pounds, all styled three-plough

ary farm work. The farmer woh buys a tractor is alfter drawbar that some zed motor will deliver more drtrwbar pull than the heavy one, other conditions being equal. We all know that a ‘ton makes a good load for a good team on a soft field, nnd we can see readily how stiperllitous weight in a tractor detracts from Ans power at the dra-wlhar. lt might be carried ‘to a point where it could not propel Itself.

One animal out of every five cat- tle marketed is more or less dam- Bled. A conservative estimate of the loss through spoiled meat on the 800.000 cattle annually killed in the Dominion would ‘be $500,000 while some authorities place it at double that figure. Eventually that loss goes back in lower prices to

Dehornlng should be done in the‘ sprint; or'fall when the weather is Except on the range, where it might not he prac-

with caustic potash, a process so ‘simple it‘ carried out when the calf 1s young and has so many benefits

the practice. All calves should be‘ dehorned at old. This operation is simple. On two two year olds and over, use dehorn- ing clippers or saw and dehorn close to_the skull to prevent fur-

The following reasons are given

can be, loaded in curs and they ship ttiore

kill-era. shippers and exporters demand de-

5. Buyers discount horned cattle

6. Practically all native American

they only are strong enough 1° elljoiy n "The ‘French man when age ‘heglllfl into the country, back to the land, ‘to ‘his scrap of soil where he can occupy llllllsell leisurely with the processes of na- tur-e, free, for a chief Pie-Occupa-

strain can ‘be put on human nature than that of trying ‘to be purely and I _ fulely an artist in literature; ‘andyruhfilnsmlfl to 73 oer cent. of tzbat strain in our modern way of, existence falls almost invariably on mell-

rto 40 below zero in the cold nortli- ern climate. sclt’ to the mean temperature or the

excccded tihe hen is unprepared for

eickness,_decreaae In production or, l as ‘Ill the case tinder discussion, in lower hatching quality of the eggs sire lays. demonstration is applit-nlble to poul- t‘ry conditions every-where.

MEANS CAUSES OF MATCHING BLUMP. ntolhing else was available,

and a peck with their tbeaks~tliia was the last of them." “Mother Nature did her part,

forts."

‘This, according d ual dying in the shell. n importance. is one of llle big leaks in ‘IIIIG Poul try ‘business.

A tbig slump in chicks -was report

men last spring, and ‘this led ‘Mr Dryden,

d-le says:

lurms at one itlme and under sinil

2. They will die quieter, will feedllar‘ (renditions. and gels ‘hatching t results oi’ 75 per cent. from the eggs oi‘ one farmer and 25 per cent. from the eggs of another farmer, itsliows that ‘the problem of getting good

rhatclrers is not a matter oi’ incubat itself varies in hatching quality incubator and incubation, ‘but this time I am seeking for an ex eggs and at another time she wil lay poor hatching eggs.

The Why of the Egg. laying is a reproductive ‘business

brtt to produce a (flllCk for tire pur

. bation .was perfect.

producing eggs to be sold on the

street of Cold Wave. g

"A rather severe frost and stormy weather struck this land ‘of perpet-

W55 .3 rpm] util summer toward the latter part farmer, because he was a P391; hut of January. and the esss llltat Werel he was surely the ‘better poet be-

laid right after that date dismayed the hatchery men. Eggs laid ‘ba- fcrre the freeze and the accompany- ittg bad weather hatched all right, tihc eggs set, according rt-o ttwo hatchery After ‘the cold wave," "Mr. ‘Dryden says: "Mr. tSc0fleld’s ‘hatch-

cause he W81! s farmer. No greater

they arses averaged ‘i9 to 51 per ceiit.,sonie

fatrms rutining much lower than those ‘figures. Mr. rScofleld toltl me of one farmer furnishing eggs that hatched 70 per cent. before tilte cold

liatcha-bility had dropped to 18 pe-rl cent. of worthless chicks." Within-

pemny of sight days lihe hatches were rback all‘! 75'5"? llPSll-

to normal. "in this froetless rbelt, where ros-

compzrrismi with other California

other states this cold wave was a gentle zephy-r. Tihe thermometer got down to the freezing point and a little lower.

“Such weather in tho Dakotas and Manitoba would make ‘the old hen sing u glad cackle and stimulate her to ‘renewed egg-laying activity. But the hen in the region of perpetual sunshine and evergreen vegetation was takcii aback wrlrcn site saw u thin scrim of lt-e on the watcr tbttclt- et and when she missed her usual feed of fresh g-FPGIIH.

"tit is not the weather or climatic so much as it is the radical or sud- den changes from the mean of’ tllie wealhr-r. The lieu is sensitive to environment changes, and this is the point that poultrymeir evcry~ where should remember. A ("hungr- from a sunny, almost tropical clini- ate to a temperature -of 20 to 30 degrees above will affect tilie pro- ductive and reproductive powers of the hen probably as much as u. drop

l

i

l

The hen adjusts her-

mean range of temperature, and when that temperature or range is

it and she will show the effect in

The Southern iCallfornia

Can it be Prevented?

"But can rthe poultrymsn lhead off

“During the rpast ‘hatching season millions of chicks died after mak- ing a bluff at living," says James ‘Dryden, in ‘The ‘Country Gentlemen. “They gave n. kick with their toes

says the wrrlter. "She nurtured them and developed them from tihe egg intro flesh and bones and feathers. ‘hurt bhey lacked the vital force lo burst through the ‘shell and -make ‘the-tr tway in life by nheir own ef-

to The Family Herald's reports, is a widearpresd complaintfimore chickens than us- ‘Evidently it is an incubation problem oi‘ great The waste of eggs and chicks uby unsuccessful incubation

ed by the rbig ‘California poultry

who is a noted poultry s authority, to look in‘to the matter.

“When a big hatchery ‘lllClllbfllet-i 100,000 eggs or more f-rom different

Oi‘ or sitting llPll, lbut that the egg"

There are, of‘ course, ‘problems of fll

plantation of the fact that a hen will at one time lay good hatching

"When it is understood that egg

in other words, ltihat the egg was ‘iti- vstrteti,’ not for food to be eaten.

pose of reproducing the species, it will rbe seen that there must be a‘ close ‘relationship between tLe egg or ‘what goes into the egg and t‘lie development ol‘ the (thick within the ‘Jen-it poultry farms ‘in Southern ca]. shell. df the egg is properly made, if it is properly fertilized and there ‘is the proper nutrimcwt in the egg. the chick will be a. perfect chick, assuming, of course, that the fricti- -it will help, strong noeilloll- tiherefore. if the poultyrman in pro- KOl/Bllllllfilll tlucing eggs for hatcltingditstead of tit-ere will be a demand for carb- hssrs. and vrvhbases will not slow market i'or human food purposes, if themselves. do, the country. ytoll he will feed with the former object cannot ignore those who live near in vim“

you; you must been sum terms-with them, quite ‘possibly on lbad terms. Still the ‘best. quality that ‘I know in frislh people is the gift oi mark iiig things serve a. tui'n fur which

while iii color and lslIPcl poultry more seriously body lire. 'l‘lrcy are especially fat-

l“oi" trcnlttrt-rit dip the tip finger" in rnt-llt-ii lam and wnll

ltcruscnc, carbolic acid or dip may he uddt-j Kc-‘p the poultry" in a warm place for n couple of hours after greas- lng."

tractor. Packing idlher ‘t‘h‘ir.(*,

designers do no

a good thing to near the top of

machinery that the farm.

more of it than

on the lam.

Evidently, some of the

possible. Cast iron, that can replaced with lighter materials is surely a detriment in any piece of

The farmer to get real out of his tractor, must it hintse1l ‘and keep _ he must do ibetter

Fuel consumption is. of course another item to be and is all in favor

considered, 04f the light of the aoil is e-n- tld be considered. tractor t realize that it is keep a tractor at

the ground l_s be

is ‘to be used on

value operate it working; work, and he formerly did

with horses, and he must also re- _ duce the number of horses lent

._....._..~__...t.. _

the result of ‘poor hatchebirlity of eggs and low vitality in the chicks caused -by rradical changes iii the weather‘!

‘Tram a study of the Southern California experience there is no question in ‘my mind dhnt the eflect of the freeze and the ‘bad weather could have Ibsen offset. if the poul- tryman could have anticipated the weather and taken the proper pre- cautiions. This m evident fromthe fact that llhe reaulta werqso vari- able.