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TIIURSDAY, JAN., 23, 195:

Bombarding The Moon

Last fall at the meeting of the International Astronautical Con- gress in Barcelona an American physicist suggested that. it would be a fine thing for science if a hy- drogen bomb could‘ be exploded on the surface of the moon. It would, in his opinion, “tell us a good deal about the environment of the earth, the properties of" the interplanetary medium and, in general, deepen our

Hon 4

undersanding about the nature of

the universe”.

The idea t’ook‘hold with the Fe- suit that serious consideration is

being given to having the arrival of I

the first missile on the moon marked by a nuclear explosion that couldcbei seen on earth. Indeed, there are rumours that the Russians are just about ready to proceed with this am- bitious program. '

But there is always something, it seems, to interfere with human plans and pleasures. In this instance, a Swedish scientist and engineer, Dr.

Robert Engstroem, says’ that scien-‘

tists had better think twice before. seting off such dangerous fire- works. He points out ‘that a 20- megaton hydrogen bomb (equivalent to 20 million tons of T.N.T.) would be capable of‘ “disturbing the celes- relationships between - the moon and the earth to such an ex- tent that its effects on the earth's

tides might bring‘ about ‘a mighty .

deluge’ on earth”. \

,If a way is not found soon to stop both the testings and the pro- duction of hydrogen bombs the at- mosphere will be poisoned to such an extent that human existence will be made‘ unbearably, hazardous. That,

at least, is the opinion of the 9000 '

scientists who recently petitioned the great powers ‘to put an end to

the tests. So,_ perhaps. it would not‘

be such a bad idea after all to bom- bard the moon with bombs. That way, everything, ___including _ human life, might be swept away with one devastating and uncontollablee flood. It is not a bright prospect, certainly; but‘ it would be much better than

slow and fearful annihilation of the.

race by “strontium 90”, poisoning._

‘_‘SigmlIceni Ad|usimenls" In his presidential address, be- fore the annual meeting of the Can- adian Bank of Commerce, Mr. Neil J ., McKinnon referred‘ to the pre- sent decline in the Canadian econ-‘ omy as a period of “significant ad- justment”, the latest in a post-war series. ’

“Each of these occasions”, said ‘

Mr. McKinnon, “differs from the others in "pattern and in degree. The first in 1946 Irepresented the tran- sition both domestically and inter- nationally from war to peace-time conditions; the‘ second in 1949 re- flected some slackening in the initial post-war expansion and was follow- ed by new stresses on the economy generated by the Korean conflict; the third in 1954 witnessed tempor- ary adjustments in production and consumption. V" ‘ “We have come through another upswing with many gains. The buoyant months of 1955 and 1956 culminated in a high plateau for the economy in 1957. Although statisti- cal indications identify the recent experience as a levelling off pro- cess, the plateau is rather uneven; in some cases declines are taking’ place, while in others there con-’ tinues to be a steady if unspectacular advance. We now appear to be en- tering a period of consolidation fol- lowing this period of rapid expan-

'sion during the past two years”. I

Turning to the future, Mr. Mc- Kinnon had this to say: “We can- not expect to maintain a rapid pace every year, but a period of’ con- solidation should not blind us to our basic inclination to growth. There is every reason to be optimis- tic about the long-term outlook for

Canada; and, in the short term,’

there are many elements for stabil- ity which should be sources of re- assurance. If, however, we are to achieve an increase in production and in per capita output and wealth we shall have to pay close attention

i day and Saturday.

to providing the economic climate and incentives for hard, constructive and creative work, whether it be done through individual or corpor- ate activity and enterprise.” r

Fluoridation Safe

Those who continue to fight fluoridation of drinking water, with the argument that it is a form of slow-poisoning, still are without a case. A recheck on toxic risks by the American Medical Association’s

councils on drugs and nutrition has confirmed the earlier conclusion that fluoridation for, purposes of prevent- ing tooth decay in children is abso- lutely safe.

This, comments the Windsor Star, will not silence the anti- fluoridationists, of course. Allega-

tion, the creation, of fear, is the basis of their opposition. Their numbers, never large, may dwindle as further evidence of fluoridation’s safety and

efficiency is produced, but the hard ;

core of resistance will carry on. It

should not bluff municipal admin- --

istrations indefinitely, however.

The casualties of delay are child- ren who do not receive the protec- tion' of this natural tooth decay pre- ventive. As more cities complete the 10-year test period, as Brantford and some American cities have done, fluoridation’s efficiency is under-

-scored. Evanston, Ill., for instance,

has used fluoridated water for 10'

years, and can report that the in- ‘cidence of tooth decay among child-. ren of six to eight has dropped 64 precent. How much longer are child- ren df other areas to be denied the boon of better teeth?

_ Mawkis-I1 Fa re

Charlottetown movie ‘ patrons may be getting fewer owing to tele- vision competition. One thing cer- tain is that they I have never been so poorly serviced. One small theatre, with a mediocre run of pic- tures, is all that is available to them. The projected building to replace the old--Prince Edward has not gotten above ground level’, and there is evidentlylno intention of completing it in the forseeable future.

‘ I To adult lovers of. the film art—-

and there are many here despite the ‘

small attendance which the general

run of Capitol Theatre pictures _at-_

tracts—the situation reached its ‘nadir thisweek, with an Elvis Pres- ley monstrosity as the only. bill of fare for Wednesday, Thursday, Fri- 'The singer’s moronic pelvic contortions and gurg- ling asininities are paraded " as the chief attraction, and you can

take it or leave ..it. Most intelligent-

people will, of course, leave it; and the management may argue that that is all right—they will get the juveniles anyway. That is the sad

. part of it. A monopoly in public en-

tertainment in this field surely car-

. ries. with it the responsibility of cat- ering to higher standards of taste. ‘

EDITORIAL NOTES

Prime Minister Macmillan’ told a news conference in Colombo, Ceylon, that the latest Soviet bid" for top- level talks could be “either propa-

, ganda or a genuine desire for agree-

-ment”. It could, of course. be a little of each. it i *

Writing in the London Times, Dr. H. M. Wintle, a medical specialist, gave a remedy for what .he called “a disease of overcivilization”. The remedy is: “Stop trying to keep up with the Joneses and let the Joneses

‘ worry about keeping up with, the ‘ I

Robinsons”. ‘ 1: 1- ' up The .“Sons of Freedom” who have decided to leave Canada and settle in the Soviet Union, will not be ask- ednby any Canadian to change their

minds. Those members of their race

who have made good Can dian cit- .

izens will, however, wish that they will find conditions as goodas they have been led to believe. That seems unlikely, in View of their claim that they are leaving this country to escape “religious persecution”. t it Q

Dr.Milton F. Gregg, V.C., former Minister of Labour, has been ap- pointed resident officer ‘for the Un- ited Nations at Baghdad. Cana- dians generally will approve the ap- pointment, for Dr. Gregg won dis- tinction in three fields—military, educational and political. Although this appointment was not made by the Canadian Governmnt, it can be taken for granted that Prime Min- ister Diefenbaker was consulted

about it and that he recommended I

Dr. Gregg.

/

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By N.

(Note: The author of the ‘fol- lowing article is a military Ibis- torian and journalist. A former officer of the White Army, he‘ is a graduate of the Russian Staff College Abroad. An officer of the French Foreign Legion during the early part of World War II, he served -as battalion command- ’ er with -the Vlasov Army from

1941 to 1945). ‘ , ‘

Although Sovietsky Flot, the So- viet naval publication, carried no official announcemen-t,_the fact is that in 1957 a new Soviet fleet was created. Up to that time the Soviet Navy consisted 'of four fleets — the Black Sea, Pacific, Baltic’ and Northern fleets. To- day, movements of Soviet war- ships in the Mediterranean Sea -and the delivery of Soviet mater-

bases indicate that a new Soviet. naval force has in fact been con- stituted in the Eastern Mediter- ranean. _

During last year, Soviet naval forces were engaged in an al- most uninterrrupted series of movements in this ai:ea.=’~'l‘»hese_ began when the cruiser Mikhail Kutuzov, escorted by a heavy destroyer, passed through the Me- diterranean at the end of June -from the Black Sea, arriving in

.the Gibralter area just as the tactical exercises of the NATO air forces begun.

In July the naval base at Sas- ena off the Albanian coast was reinforced by delivery of three Soviet destroyers. Later in’. the month, a drydock with a capacity of well‘ over 3,000 tons was de- livered to the Saseno base. MORE EQUIPMENT. ,

At the same -time more naval equipment and supplies w ere pouring into Egyptian and Syrian ports from Soviet bases on the Black Sea. A floating dock was towed through, the Dardanelles by two S-ovinet ships destined for Alexandra, IEg'ypt’s major sea- port, for the servicing of sub-

Soviet Submarine . Threat

Galay

July three additional submarines were given to Egypt and in Aug- ust two submarines and six motor torpedo boats from the Black Sea Fleet were turned over_ to Syria.

Meanwhile, ‘Soviet cruisers and destroyers paid’ a series of visits to Mediterranean ports in A1- bania, Yugoslavia, Egypt and Sy- ria. With their comings and goings the Mediterranean ceased being the exclusive preserveiof NATO warshipsand bcame ‘sort of a “no man’s sea” in the cold war. ,

Hitherto, Soviet warships cruis- .ing in Mediterranean waters had come from Baltic or Black Sea ports and had not been stationed -permanently in the Mediterran- ean. However, steps are being taken to establish Soviet bases here, bases which “would make .Red naval vessels 3 A perman- ent feature of the Med-iterrlanean scene.

BASE AT SASENO

The base at Saseno, an island off the Albanian coast, is already large. enough. to _ service _eight‘ to ten submarines simultaneously. -Supplies, technicians and equip- ment are being poured into Lat- rakia, Syria. Work is being rushed to convert La.t kia into a In den seaport. Dred ing is taking place a sea-wall. a third of a mile long is being built, allegedly with Bul- garian and Yugoslav help. Spur tracks, warehouses, piers have been laid‘ out and. work started.

At the present ‘time Latakia is the main trans-shipping point for Soviet armsbeing sent to Sy- ria and «the Middle East interior. With modernization it will be in a position to service Soviet sub- marines and lightwarships in the Eastern Mediterranean. Its near- ness to Cyprus with its British naval and’ air bases, which it would neutralize, also makes it an -ideal base for /Soviet naval ‘elements. / ‘

The Eypgitan port of Alexan-

marines and destroyers given the Egyptians in 1956 and 1957. In

An Inland

The Atlantic Intracoastal Wat- erway, or Inland Waterway as it is better known, winds through time and tide from New Eng- land to the Florida Keys.

Roughly paralleling the east- ern seaboard, it links some of the Nation’s most important historic shrines and modern cities. It‘ serves a steady flow of small tankers, barges, and shrimpers, as well as pleasure craft ranging in size from 100-foot yachts to small outboard cruisers and can- oes.

An 1,100 mile journey on the southern portion of the waterway is described by Dorothea and Stu- art E. Jones in the January is- sue of National Geographic Mag- azine. Mr. Jones, who is a mem- ber of the magazine’s editorial staff, skippered their 35-foot ketch 'I‘radewind,s.

STOP AT SOLOMONS

From Annapolis, their home port, the Joneses sailed the.Ches- apeake Bay, the sometimes bois- terous inland sea that stretches from the Susquehanna River to 'tBhe Virginia Capes. One of the

ay’s more interesting havens for small boats is Solomons, an island village.

Solomons enjoys huge popular- ity as a sport-fishing center. But it is also the home of the Chesa- peake Biological Laboratory, a Maryland agency dedicated to fish and wildlife conservation. At present researchers are seeking ways to control the stinging jel- lyfish, a notorious nuisance in the Bay.

Following in history's wake, Mr. and Mrs. Jones headed south- ward to Hampton Roads where the Union’s Monitor and the Con- federacy’s Virginia (formerly the Merrimac ( fought the w o r 1 d’s first battle between ironc-lads. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard, founded in 1767, is the oldest in the Na- tion.

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dria is another scene of increas- |ed Soviet naval activity, osten-

Waterway

National Geographic Society

southerneastern United States, the I n l a n d Waterway meanders through a region rich in memor- ies and atmosphere. The Joneses write that it is a “strange, time- less land of brooding swamps and serene rivers, of lonely dunes and wind-swept marshes.” _ Virginia's Jamestown, Will- iamsburg, and Yorktown North

lina’s Fort Sumter and Charles- ton; the dowager city of Savan- nah in Georgia, the islands of St. Simons and Jekyll; Florida’s St. Augustine, the oldest permanent w h i t e settlement in the United States —— are a few of the many place names charged with mean-

mg. BUILT’BY ROBERT E. LEE

At Fort Macon, for instance. the Joneses found that recent hur- ricanes have uncovered two jet- ties built by Robert E. Lee when_ he commanded the post before the Civil War.

Beautiful St. Simons has known the flags of France, Spain, Great Britain,, the United States, and Confederacy. Near - by Jekyll, once a retreat of the wealthy. had the distinction of listening in on the first transcontinental tele- phone call. When Dr. Alexander Graham Bell made the historic call from New York to San Fran- cisco on January 25, l915,'a thou- sand miles of wire were strung to Jekyll so the conversation could be heard by Theodore N. Vail, first president of the Atlantic Tel- ephone and Telegraph Company.

Florida resort areas, the Jones- es report, have every imaginable service for waterborne travelers. The South’s largest marina, the Bahia Mar Yachting Center at Fort Lauderdale, provides berths for 450 vessels.

COTTON IMPORT

of cotton in 1957, the biggest to- ng] in ‘M u-Anna.

‘ rather than hard boiled politicians

Carolina's Outer Banks,-Kill Devil = Hill, and Fort Macon; South Caro- .

Japan imported 2,376,000 bales

sibly as part of Soviet aid to Egy- pt’s small and ineffectual navy. What is more, there is always- the possibility that the Soviet Un- ion will seek to obtain naval bas- es on the Mediterranean from Sy- ria and Egypt just as the Unit-‘ ed States has obtained air bases on the territories of countries friendly to the NATO alliance. POWERFUL FLEET

If we include the ships handed’ over to Syria and Egypt and which can be put under the Sov- iet flag at pny time then, toge- ther with the submarines based on Saseno, the sea forces the So- viet could muster in the Mediter- ranean in the event of the- con- flict would consist at the mini- mum of some twenty submarines, ten destroyers, several dozen mo- bor -torpedd boats and a small flotilla of mine-sweepers. This po- tential could be easily augmented -by elements of the Soviet fleet “visiting” the -area at the proper «time. In addition, possible future realignment’ ‘of Yugoslavia with the Soviet bloc would place at the disposal of the ‘Communists not only Yugoslavia’s navy-but also her bases.

. What is more to the point, how- ever, 'i:s_the role that the Soviet fleet is called upon to play in the present cold wag‘. Its - resence in the Mediterranean i designed to exert psychological pressure on the Arab. countries of the Middle East and to neutralize the politi- cal influence of the U.S. ‘ Six-th Fleet. The Soviets hope that one Soviet destroyer off the coast will be worth two invisible Amer- ican aircraft carriers at sea and out of sight.

Puauc FORUM

This column ll open to thoqdlscut don by correspondent: of question of interest. The Guardian does not neces- sarily endorse the opinion of corru- pundentl, .

THE PEOPLE’S LEAGUE

Sir,—We1l have you recom- mended a union of all labour groups, including farmers and church organizations to represent mankind at the United Nations

or even scientists. These classes of people are-the ones that bear the burdens of war. therefore should have priority in peace con- ferences the world over. Also men. of this calibre can meet without preconceived national ambitions and hatreds. I may ‘say here that the late John Dougall, editor- owner ‘of the Montreal Witness, strongly recommended a people's League of Nations if the nations should fail to serve humanity in peace and good will. Mr. Dougall was one of Canada’s strong men during the first World War.

Since Russia is one of the world’s great powers, we may be

Very wise negotiating trade agree- ments as well as good w ill terms. Only forty years ago 90 per cent of her people could neither read nor write. Apparently the capitalistic world or system was not interested in education pre- vious to this date, at least not for Russia. - _ ~ ‘

I also was well pleased by your fine remarks concerning Prime Minister Nehru of India. Per- sonally I have great faith in this man. When Nehru condemned Russia for her war deeds in Hun- gary not so long ago, did he not also condemn France’s slaughter in North Africa? Of course France is one of the NATO mem- bers and we overlook her behavi- our.

It means something to be a neu- tral power today or any day. Nehru is one of the world’s great- est men, as I see him at least.»

Yes, the world has plenty of good and great men but there are not enough of them in politics. There is where we fail today. I think a strong delegation from all nations in’ the U. N. great things for mankind.

I am. Sir, etc..

could do

I Warcfing Off

Attack OF Flue

By Herman N. Bundesen, M.D. Even with all the Asian flu we

I have had throughout the country,

I know very well that many of you will simply ignore cold and flu symptoms and maintain your regular daily schedule.

You’l1 go to work, you’ll go shopping or somewhere else, but you won’t go =to.bed.

This is a big mistake. Let me tell you why. ' LOWERS RESISTANCE Influenza, Asian flu or any -such ailment lowers your resis- tance to other diseases. And the diseases, that may attack you af- ter a bout with the flu are m-uch more dangerous than the flu it- self.