va-tocwcv,

J WITH ALL STAR CA5’!

TO-iiiiY ONLY I X '1‘ II. A N E W 5 Laurel - Hardy Corned.‘

MATTNEE 2.30 v NIGIIT 7.00 AND 9.00

8 DAYS OF THRILLING ROMANCE

EVERY WOMAN LONOEO TO EEEI. HIS STRONG YOUNG IIRMS ABOUT iiER . . . bui

one irresistible temp- iress was in his blood . . . and in his clreamsl

TYRONE POWER

os Juun, tin:- niodor oi cerrie Biusm ibuncf immortal novel. .

151.001)

lulu

‘III

FINAI. suown a

TO-DAY ——

M

ARNELLFUR'.TB,HBYWPRTH

NIGHT 7.00 AND 8.45

m/I/SAN

TECHNICOLOR! ‘i

IT'S A RIOT OF LAUGHS

ATINEE 2-30

- r

Wlrllfh blown... and lhe fun‘: oni A ihoulend "IIIIIQ-tlflflfll of laughs. . and gull flolorioun! More fun lhoniemlnq down Ilil goal-posts!

Zijvwayne Mnr I William F riwley» Edgar, ihifln iiowbray- =

risliiirgirlaia by":

Pius-Travcioguc-I"iction — Going Piaces- Cartoon . '.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-..-a.-.-.u-vn

I" K

SWEET ROLLS

2 cakes fresh yrrst _ 2 cups sltnlfllri and coclcrl milk

1-2 cup sugar y

2 teaspccns sa.t

2 eggs

5 1-4 cup: f‘."lr (uh/mull

1-2 cup soft shfirivninq

Methm. i » ' MHISI, inlfl . bowl so: "n; mzlk and then c021, to lukrsanl 4-\‘E(E the luke-

warm milk to the crunzhlwl yeast. NOW add the sugar and salt. and ltll‘ l0 dlssoirc il'€.=e completely Bent tJhe eggs well and‘ ndd these also. 1r you humcn w have 4 egg yolks 0n hand. you um use these in pIilCf‘ of the 2 whole ezzs. l1 you beat the yolks with I table- apoo wafer first. 55ft the flour well, then measure It. ",l’l it_ lightly intc the 6UP when mcasurrntr. Aid all the flour to tire ii ufd at once, working it in i110 ough y wtlr the hlndfi» NW work in the sort shortening. If you u... My sh" cunt: and half but- ge, g9,- m s 1h.- flavor will bc n'cer. Wh'n tho (ifirlth is well mixed. knew u, gcnily in a i~cwl or on to ihhtlv flcurcrl b ard until it .a nrreoth and First‘? Now ronn into a ball and p136" in a lightly areas- "! V“. ‘Brush tlzc =uriace light- hmelied shmtcnlnlz Cover

about 80 to B5 deg.l"., until the dough has risen to double in bulk, or until rsen so light that a touch of one finger w.1l leave a dent. 1i the depression made disappears. then the dzugh should be allowed to Ilse a little longer This rising should take from 1 1-2 to 2 hours.

when the dough has risen sui- ‘iiciently. turn cut onto a lightly ‘ floured board, cover again and t allow to stand for 15 minutes be- i fore draping into round buns ob- , long r:lls, Parker House rolls, ciovcrleaf rolls, cinnamon buns. crescents, or the l‘ke.

Place sflielped rolls or buns on a. lightly greased baking sheet. cover and set in a. warm place to rise to double in bulk again Bake in a fairly hot oven (425 deg. F.) for 15 to 20 minutes.

After the first rising. this dough may be punched down. covered tightly, and stored in the refriger- ator for later use. Let. dough stand at room temperature for e while be- fore shaping into rolls or buns, if it has been stored in the refrigerator.

LONDON-Iiltierfi offensive In the Crimea believed slackening n Soviet forces railv offer initial G". man break-through.

bwl mu net 1n a warm piece.

‘w

—_w

Keep Minlnli in 31:17:10.

-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-aa.-c-.w.-l.wnmva.mnvv-.vwvn

EMPIRE-

' MNHHHTnHN?AHHHH%'fiHHNNNNNHfl HHHHSU

r ijI_E__7_Qlj_ARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

‘IO-DAY

0x11 - I IIUNTED .. IIQUNDED "QUIIAWI"

WANTED-fer Webbing" o froniior bank of h); own money!

~—SHOWS— 2.30 — 7.00 — 8.45

1

Pius "Jungle Girl" Looneyioon

Kennedy Comedy l

OOMING — MON. —- TUE.

ypgrgrv-rtrwurrtra NSTNNCE MOORE - PIIll NEOIN

BETTY BREWER-llllllN OORNELI VIROINII IIILE - RED IIONAIIUE

and his mule "iiiiii" by Ill." Iiiliiil l Iuunwnl Hciun

EDUCATION WEEK PROGRAM

The Prince Edward Island Teachers‘ Federation in with the Canadian Teachers’ Federation has arranged the brondcast:—

. Dunstaws University,

lotietown, President I’. E. I. Teachcrs‘ Federation. Summcrside.

muniiy.

l-

n-_

‘IQEMBER 8. 1941

THE ED UCA TIONAL H0526?‘ ‘

-A SATURDAY FEA TURE-

PRESENTING NEWS AND VIEWS OF INTEREST T0 TEACHERS AND ALL OTHERS SEEKING

IMPROVEMENT IN EDUCATION

This column in conducted by m0 Prince Edward Inland Teacher: Federation committee in charge: Ralph Macbean. Ziiplla Unkletw.

Millar MacFadyen. Dan MacDonald,

and Harold Lawton. We welcome

contributions which would be addressed to l-I. Lawton. Charlottetown.

EDUCATION The week of November 10-18 has been set aside as Education

ro-opcrntion foliowng

MONDAY, Nov. l0, 75.15 p. m. over C F (7 Y-Iicv. Dr. Murphy, Rector MONDAY, Nov. 10, n1. over C. B. 11.-Mr. E. C. Richer. St. John, TUESDAY, Nov 11, over C. F. C. Y.—Mr. G. Edison Blair-Donald, Char. THURSDAY, Nov. 13. 7.45 p. m. over C. F. C. IL-Rcv. Kcnncih Sullivan,

All speakers will dcai with the importance of the School in lhc Com- _ _ . L.417.11_6_g_10 qulry Committee, with Si!‘

When this sightseeing plane crashed less than a half-mile from the international plowing match at Pcterboro, ihrce mcn were injued. The plane crashed near a barn which it nrrrowly nrirsed only a short. time before in a take-off. It ls believed that the pilot lost control of

the machine In the high wind. Injured were Gecrre Culver, of Simcce, pilot, serious head injuries; Russo] Nichols and Lhyd Dishcr, of Dunnvilic, both passengers suffered slight head injuries.

I NEE SPOT OF HINT Flll ilEliE.

So reads the bomber pilot's report. The story of these heroic pilots of the Bomber Command is o thrilling tale of daring and stamina. it's‘ told in a big IOO-page volume, illustrated by over 75 photo- graphs, just published by the Queen's Canadian Fund for Air Raid Victims. Get your copy today of this official Air Ministry account of the bombing offensive against the Axis,

BOMBER COMMAND

i;

l

J

15: — n Bookstores and Newsm “L.

_ _.r:, >

1

year the ever-recurring ‘problem ol Teachers‘ Salaries has been further aggravated by the wartime rise in prices which has resulted in a. marked increase in the cost of living.

While the Dominion Government is making provision for certain classes of salaried employees by grantl a cost of living bonus, the flel of Education is, as usual, being neglected.

In view of this unfair situation the Teachers‘ Federation is desir- ous of making an especially vigor- ous drive for immediate consid- eration by the Provincial Govern. ment of the question of Teach- ers’ salaries, and to this end every teacher can help in the following p an.

Our Federation feels that we should avail ourselves o! the op- portunity offered by Education Week in enlisting the sympathy of

THE MARKING OF

What constitutes a “good Eng- lish essay? What measures do teachers and examiners use to as- sess its merits? Accepted con- ventlons determine the accuracy of the spelling and to a large extent the punctuation. grammar and syntax and sentence construction. A composition may be perfect in these respects, but yet have no in- tellectual, literary or artistic value. Sentences structurally infallible may make mere nonsense; 011 the other hand, sentences by no means impeccable may make sound sense Hence the method of assessing written English by pression" has justification behind it. Closer marking for speiing. hand-writing, punctuation, gram- ,mar, vocabulary and similar cate- gories is a common practice, the scores bcing sometimes added and sometimes sepatately recorded. It. is well known that examiners in English have widely-varyin Judg. merits as to what is a goo essay, and that an examiner may, and Jrcquently does, change his esti- mate on a subsequent re-marking. A sub-Committee of the Interna- tional Institute Examinations En. Philip Hertog ns Chairman. has conducted ‘an investigation to ascertain whe- ther" the validity and consistency 0T the marking oi Eng ish $5M’! could both be improved and. 1E5 report is now published. (EH16 school-master and Woman Teach- eer’s Chronicle). ‘To this end it in- ‘troduccd into the marking a new element, “sense," that is, the mea- ‘sure, in which the object of the composition. whether it be to eX. plain, to persuade, to convey an order. to nmrlsle, to inspire. or to fulfil any other purpose explicitly‘ stated or not, has been attained.

Atiainments Too Elementary l‘ 13'

A preliminary invesigation on the marking of essays of school child- ren from 13 to 16 from Central, jsenior and secondary school was first undertaken. Two kinds of test-s were given: “New TYPE" Dblefl-We rests of spelling, vocabulary, ‘punctuation, grammar. etc. and tests of composition. i. e.. the power o; the pupil to express himself in English for a cleariy~ defined pur- pose. The tssay subjects set were “directed? that is. the audience and the object were indicated (a letter to a friend. describing a re- cent. school party) as ODDOSBU 5° undirected subjects. m which the pupil writes "anything on some- thing I01 anybody." (Sugar, poc. kets). For its actual purpose the investigation proved futile; "the conclusion being reached that the a tainments in English of most school children from l2 1-2 10 l3 l-Z were too elementary to be tested satisfactorily by an essay,“ as there was no possibility of murklni! m” essays of these children in an sot- isfactcry way. Here is a verd ct at which man long-toiling teachers of English wi 1 not. be surprised.

The second investigation was therefore confined to the work of boys and girls preparing for the School certificate Examination. 7'70 pupils took all the tests, comprising six essays, four objective mate and an intelligence test. Each pupil was required to writc an essay on eecn of the same six subjects. three of which were "directed" and three "undirected," in an endeavor :0 discover in addition to the main whether "directed" esays yielded more ve-lid results and more consistent scores than "un. directed." After l. marking of trial scripts the eight examiners decid-

Punctuation Paxagraphinfl, (4) vocabulary, re) sentence structure, and (7) General Impression, and

sion should be allotted after the other categories had been marked. Marking for "Plan" was left as Olltiorlai: only the first two pages were to be marked for spelling; no agreement could be reached on a definition and hence the estimation of Lltcracy. After five months and without previous notice the exam. lners were asked to re-exemine 20 scripts for each ease subject in order that their ee Lconaietcncv might be investgiaied. The results or the marking and of the rams-rh- 1118 m! set out in detail in it Statistical Report by D1‘. C. lbble- white smith. and from this analysis the sub-Committ was able to gather its conclusions. It was found that the main aim of the investin- tlon had not been achieved, The examiners agreed first the cate- Evry of uense" was of great VIIIIG but they did not show an greater npu ment in marking jar {his mm when they marked for General Im- pression. A majority agreed that a directed" essay subject produced a 59ml‘ QFMv than an "undirectcd" Bllbicct and could be marked with Breater confidence. Eqsayuwrliinl Should Bo Abandoned

Many other lamenting and valu-

“General Im. '

ed that each essay should be mark- |

that the mark for General Impras- i

WEEK the public by impressing upon em

no . 1. The importance of maintain- ing a strong educational system iil every community- 2. The n ‘ty of an adequate educational background for those joining the armed forces;

3. The greet part to be played b Education in Post-War Recon- s ctlon.

With this aim in view the Fed. eraticn urges every teacher to en. list in the active support of the clergy in his or her special semen on November 18th.

We suggest further, that the teacher in every community arrange a special program for Education W

ee .

Fur further details regarding the Education Week Programme, watch the local press.

DAVID F. LIDSTONE.

HERBERT N. MURPHY.

MABEL MATHESON. Committee.

ENGLISH ESSAYS

A Thorough-going Investigation

able results accrued from the in- veslgation, and the recommenda- tions made are oi such importance tc the teaching of the mother ton- gue and to examinations in the subject that they should be widely studied. In summary form they are:

(l) The practice of pupils of 13 and upwards writing essays should be abandoned. Instead they should write compositions on subjects about which they may reasonably be expected to have ideas and a. sufficient knowledge which they could express for a. given audience with a given object in view.

(2) Short Plans or summaries should be required for compositions ,of any considerable length. | (3) Teachers and examiners

should udge the composition in the firs instance for its "Sense"

(as defined above).

, (4) ompositions of pupils. say, aged 1 to 16. should be marked in these categories in the order indi- ‘cated:--

1. Sense.

2. Smiling.

3. Punctuation, includins Formal

paragraphing.

4. Grammar and Syntax.

5. Accuracy of Vocabulary (cor- rest use of words).

A document prepared by tl-e genaldian thTeachers’ ls ese on e ropcsa of the New gdlucetifilrjr lfielPrvvshllp held at Ann or. c gan, Ju y 6 to 12, 1041.

l 1. At the present time we in

lCanada are engaged in a life orlends must be so done that both

death struggle to preserve Demo- crncy as a way of life. In this cziss it is imperative that we be able to stoic specifically what we believe Democracy to be. We rea- lize that such e.n undertaking will ‘unify us in our fight against totalitarianism and set e standard against which man may guage the ‘effectiveness of operation of our ,sociai structure at present and in the post war period. With this in mind the following points are set forth as the essential characteris- tics of a Democratic State. K 1. The first duty of society is to guarantee to every man. womrm ,and child equal opportunity for education without regard to race, ‘birth. 133x, income. or creed. 2. s equsflty of opportunit . must include the fullest nurture g1 $31111 special ability, talent. or

3. Every man is an end in him- self and may not be used merely as I means. And this ia the dignity of man.

4. No education can be complete unless everyone through the years after schoo‘ hes opportunity to form himself through useful work.

5. Every man can come to his full being only by serving society. And this is the ground of society's claim upon him.

6, No society stands still. A heal-

4

thy society moves towards freedom [mly work elsew ere, but education

and responsibility for all A dis. eased society moves utwardr the tyranny of the few And herein lies the cause of the resent war.

‘l. No earistini m: ety la n per- fect democracy. Democracy is the standard by which societies and their governments are judged and the idea and goal towards which they strive.

8. The well-being of eve society springs from .1 brorherhoo of na- tona. As are the dutiel of mm to man so are the duties oi societies to e another. And this is the only basis for a durable peace.

9. ‘Ib respect men's dignity while recognizing his duty to ao- ciety II to advance towards that democracy of citizens and of stat- es: to Perfect. maintain, and de- fend the is the end of education.

10. To embody these principles intc n society of the future. men must be inspired by forces which eprinhfrom e deeper dimension of life, is has often been overlook- ed or forgotten in recent ICIIOTI- ,tiona and this is the cause of the ‘crisis of our civllaation.

11. 1b develop, men need action. i0 wt. men need faith; to keep filth. men need reason; to direct ell three, men need a viaion oi ex.

oellence; and all this ll empty un- cu it la pervaded by lcvc; and love is action nod cu lng. _

l2. Reconstruction t rou h edu- lcation include: a myriad o mull

unimportant, acts.

and seemlngl

But these will not be rightly dono, and will therefore, full unless eve doer, however, modest his wo may be, draws his strength from billet whole.

- l" "H! with the above "Md We min in um rr we are to avoid n. repetition of the pre- sent catastrophe that the following tasks will be of immediate Import- ance at the end of the war both here and in Europe:

r i.‘ (c) The immediate feeding and MN 0f nll children of all n1- 0 .

ill. u» a or i at t» wit. ti; "$.“,'l,2.‘°"°.i‘ ‘:1’.

>-

PROPOSAL TO MEN OF GOODWILL FOR EDUCATIONAL RECONSTRUCTION

Federation, ivent the outbreak

i the employment of all available hu-

i

i

i

i

6 Power of Impression to oover felicity in vocabulary and sentence you“ cmw“ l » structure.

'i. General Impression.

The Mark for General Impression

generation; or tc

voted to the master art n}

should be allotted last and not by struct-ion and self-pej-recumfflm“ adding the marks of the other cete- (d) Encourage and gupporfev

gories.

(5) Marks for qpelling and hand. writ should not be added to or it easy for youth to pyaggtknfme subtracted from marks for any other of cc-pperation, SBH-fflspgnslblu category but. should be recorded selLreJance and service m, i separately, if regarded as important. youth movements. Eucoura mg

<6) A composition exercise, re- rn school and cuntlnue ' a‘?

where and in ove' r lingnese of youthqto om m‘ '

quirin not less than two hours’ years that follow. "T i“ work grouid be set once a fortnight, partners in reconft-Urllgllioryroum,

after s. week or icn days’ notice of the subjects.

Other recommendations relate specifically to the School Certi. ficate Examination. One of them suggests that a. candletc who has felled in English but passed in other subjects should not be re- quired to be re-examined in such other subjects; and further, that a candidate who has passed in Eng- lish shoud not be required to be re-examined in that subject. In the matter 0f consistency au- thorities for school Certificate Ex- aminations are urged to take steps (which the Report suggests) to test the self-consistency of the examin- ers and the general consistency of the marking of different examin. ers. They should also be asked to make available for inspection specimens of essays with borderline marks for Pass. Credit, etc.. no that the real significance of there a/wards may be tested.

i116)’ Will be the more able and

e1 Reco ni‘ th . .. ‘ everywhercg fifties §“§§,f§‘,,“‘ will Education and educators c}: shin-eh responsibility in the tlrimi

t t h Y°,",,.,:*,*:,.,2.:,r v nalstt bexelirlninated e or o a1, i. b- t . gcetifn ‘alone. 11:10 this) vfljfflfif“

nspred t rh.l ' ' merrisures of sQIIhZIpUYSESL pmml

) Protect ic -, in thell‘ mom rflocn=le§sc§:vt§rr’vl§§°“ Encourage the best nmmgs, yo‘? to enter the profession. In tlmssm crisis increase and nor an...“ educational funds. espegigqf? poorer QIERS In all reconslrucrio schemes give priority to you", servinfiwirlstitutions.

(8) ork for the regenerate“ faith. Not only are towns 1n “m, millions of souls are devastated Millions of youths in Europe 1m accepted false religions. when m, false Gods fall let not the altar: m empty. Demccracv must reqo, h! h. not by Words alone bull} deeds. Educational rcccnslnmjg furnishes the visicn and so“, thfvopgriunityt q

. o rom t}, - , of this Dgmccgateic 6 eaecdh K-‘JTEQ 88st e few specific steps that w as educators may sake,

1. The C.'I‘.F. Commitee in err province shell be charged with m rwpcnsibllty of:

(a) Kee-png the teachers 01th province informed 5.5 t3 Frog" m" may b9 ll-Wd as a basis for d1;

“iii”: 1.

96D '18 the tea he j Province informed as Crc “pig: 3135 ‘grade in other provincrs m

(Cl Rc rting pscvi ‘l r,'~ thleqCengrgl C.T.F. Prbirlfliciitiy ‘cm m ee

2. Plovide space in prov/imp mamzlnes whcre regular noyjq. vflarggnwnear concerning this cam

Literacy

It 1e not possible in a review such as this to quote the date and arguments for such recommenda- tions. They must be sought in a study of the Report itself, There 1S no doubt they wi‘l influence the tcachin and examination of writ- ten E118 sh in both elementary and secondaray‘ schools. To the teacher one oi e most valuable chapters is that containing reproductions of essa s selected on the basis of the mar s allotted t0 them by the ex- aminers, examples being given of the best. essays, the just compet- ent” and those on which the ex- amlners differed widely in opinion. ' The question of Literary as a criterion is fu‘iy discussed and the conclusion reached that the school ‘Certificate stage the term "liter- ary" has no meaning sufficiently clear and well.defend for it to be used effectivclydn judging the scripts of the candidates. Examin- ing bodies agree that a School Certificate shculd not be granted to a candidate who is illitcrate. Yet in this investigation only one of 600 essrys was regarded by all ex- aminers as illiterate.