s. 20.

Mad in obtaining it, is essential to her recove- ry, In higher degrees. of this disorder, where the cow ceases to ruminate, or chew the cud, where the appetite goes off, and the milk is glmost entirely lost. to all the quarters, the drench should a assisted by whey, as directed in the treatment of red water, and when scouring succeedS. the _cordial_ astringent drench must be given, as directed to the treat- mentofscollrmg' or scantertng. The swollen udder rcquiresonly the application ofsweet oil, or foot oil.

When cattle are turned suddenly into good pasture, they sometimes ﬁll the rumen orpaunclt, so hastily. and so distendit, that itis rendered incapable of returning the food to the mouth for rumination. Fermentation then takes place, by which much air is gene- rated, and the distention soon becomes such as to suffocate the animal, unless relief is afforded by introducing .an instrument named a pro- bang, and letting out the confined air. As soon as this has been done the opening drench must be given, and the animal turned into a bare pasture, where she must be for some titne attended, and have the fermenting food removed from the mouth as it is thrown up; with- out this precaution it maybe ruminated, and againswallowed, and the third and fourth sto. mach so ﬁlled with it, as to produce the flatn- lent cube, and a fatal inflamation of the sto- mach and bowels, from excessive diszention oftheair, which would be generated, for in those cavities air could not escape upwards in consequence of their valvular structure. Should this fresh disorder. through negligche. be permitted to happen, the opening drench is still the best remedy that can be emploved. Another method is sometimes tna 1e use offor relieving an anitnalin this disorder. which is commonly named horcn. blown, or (I! Islcdf that is. a sharp knife is plunged through the left side into the distended rutncn, or first stomach. The part where it is most prominent is chosen. viz: between the last rib attd the hip bone; and always on the left side. The air hf‘itlg thus Completely let out, the wound is closed by apitch plaster, and the animal turned into a bare pasture, where it may get plenty of ex. ercise and little food, that is. after the form mt- ing food has been removed from the mouth as before described. This tnelhol, howovtr, is eventually injurious, anl must be Supersc led, by that ofintro'lncing a probang. and batting cut the conﬁned air by the mouth; a tnothol ﬁrst proposed by Dr. Munro. 'l‘hc wounl in the rumen,asit hels, always ﬂ'lllCl‘CS to th: side, and thus a regular contraction of the ca- vity is ever afterwasz prevented, anl rumi- nation thereby rett lore l :litli tult an I imperfect. Sometimes when an aai-mi is turned into good grasstcspecially about the month of August and September. when the grass is hirh anl abundant, from havin beau well witerel. they eat a great deal during hitb the div and the night, but not as much as to hinder rumina- tion. Thus theygradually fill all thesto'nttvhs, and towards the morning become so oppressed, that they lie down on tho coll grass, which is perhaps, wet or covered w-th hotr vfi‘lsl. Digestion is thus put a stop to. and the animal offun suffocated by the e‘(cc¢sivc :listentio-i of the stomachs. ltt this disorder, which ts com- tnouly called fog sickness, the probang‘ must

' l have lately been informed that ltovcn or blasted cattle have been quickly relieved by giving four ounces ofcarbonste ofsoda. hall'a pint of castor oil. sndnpint of water. The person wlto gave me information, says that he has tssvsr known this to st.

THE BRITISH AMERICAN.

be introduced, and the opening drench given. The animal must then be made to move if pos- sible, and the food that is thrown up into the mouth must be removed. Here, also, a bare pasture is necessary afterwards; no other me- dicine is required; but a free access to water is necessary to soften and carry otf the acou- mulated food, and when this has been accom- plished, the cordial astringent drench‘may be necessary, morning and evening, ft)l‘\YWO or three days, to restore the tone of the injured stomachs and bowels. It is probable, however, that this would be more effectually,though more slowly accomplished, by keeping the animal in a bare pasture.

Sometimes when the animal is kept in rich pasture during the month ofJune the appetite is powerful, and the digestion is quick and impcr fectand thus, in a short titne,so much rich blood, is formed as to exceed the capacity of the blood vessels. and then inllamation is produced in some vital org“. and nothing but the most copious depletion ofthe blood vessels will save the animals life. Thelungs are the part tnost likely to suffer, and next. the brain and the kidneys: prolucing ma] staggers, or the in- flammatory red water: and insteers or heifers, or in yearlings, the quartcrill is thus produced. In all cases ofintlamtnation, the animal appears stupid and heavy; the breathing is disturbed ; the nose and the upper lip hot and dry, the horns hot, especially at the roots, attd the vessels of the eye distended. The pulse rises above too, and the appetite is usually lost. All these sym- toms quickly increase, and unless the animal is pr0perly treated, terminate fatally. Bleel. ing is the essential remedy, and must be perfor- med as early as possible. blool drawn should not be regtrded, but the cifectwliich is producel by it, that is, faintnCss; this gradually ceases, and after a few hours he appears relieved anl cheerful, and often do. sirous of fun I. But this must be given ctutious. ly, the barcst pasture is the best plane for him; but he may beailowed now and then a quart or two of fresh whey. which will serve to unload the stomachs and bowels. This remedy (bleed. ing to faintness.) always succeeds perfectly il' employed in st‘nson, an l followe'l by a suitable diet. In the lll )nth ofSeplember and October. scouring-often ttkCS piacc. especially in atti ntals predisposel to the disorder by hereditary \voaknt-ss, frequentcolvintr. WSJkl’lCis of the stomach anvl bow 2.3, gra'lually inducel from several winters fee: in: on bal lttv. Ani rials that have been taken from their native soil anl climate. are also subject to this disorder, as well as rettnrkably good milkors, and tltisis t'te pcriol when securing generallv commences. In this case the cor lial astringent drench must be given every morning anl evening, as directed in the Com-pen limit. but must always be prone «lol by the openi'tg drench, at whatever p3- ri til the disease nttv occur. This remely, have reason to believe, \Vlli always succeed, ifetnolnved in seasn, anl if toe time of the year \Vllthltnll. of the animal being kept at 9;.” 15s.

In very cold an I wet weather, wht‘n shelter becomes necessarv. intervals of fin-3 \vetlltt'r- must be tikcn a'lvtntoxe of, for song» grass and Sonic excercise are essential to recovery?t

' l have lately been imforined that many scourin; cows have been cured by giving once or twice a day a drenchmade by boiling,r three or four sheets of lat-gr, common writing paper in three pints of skimmed milk- until reduct-d to a pulp One pint of this is a dose; and my correspon lent a l ls. thtt be his n:-ver lcno wn it to fail. The Cow is fed on the sweetest bay, ml turned out for exercise when the weather is fine.

The quantity of

131 and when grass is deﬁcient. either in quan- tity orquality, the best food is good hay in moderate quantity, and masltes ot'good. fresh bran with alittle ground malt. A handful of wheat ﬂour also may be stirred into each pail of water. in this way the animal may be re- stored and strengthened: and when grass becomes nourishing. and the weather favoura- ble, the green ﬁelds will effectually recover her. Those are all the internal disorders of cattle, except the contagious epidemic, named murrain, or pest, and the epidemic catarrh, named distemper, or inﬂuenza. These are in- ﬂammatory disorders of the highest degree, and ifcurable, as the latter always is, can be co red out by the most early copious bleeding. An absart apprehension of fatal debility,and of the putrid nature of the disorder, must never prevent this remedy from being employed with boldness, nor should the animal ever be taken 'oi-tn grass. and the open ﬁelds, as is often done in the epidemic catarrh. Contagion, however, tnust always be guarded against with the utmost care. 'l‘onics and stimulants are poisons in those disorders, and bleeding and grass are the only remedies ever required. I have now endeavoured to given simple, but comprehensive view of the internal disorders ofeattlc, and such as may lead to their preven tion. I i tdulge a hope that the proprietors of cat tlc may be led by this, and the other essays [ have wrtten; to reflect upon the subject, and give a fair trial to the curative and pre- Vrntivc measures 1 have proposnd. it should be receollocted, however, that the success of the remedies l have suggested can be insured only by an early and careful application. Disorders are often neglected until they be- come incurable: and then the most abs trd and expensive drenches are frequently had re- course to. In Dowing‘s book on cattle mcdl cine; a pint ot'port wine and a quart of strong beer are prescribed forone dos-J, as a vehicle forgraius of paradise anl other drugs; anl in another receipt :1 quart of port wine is pro scribel for one dose. Sometimes a choice is offsrs-J the reader between l)‘Cl‘ anl urine, asiftheir properties were similar. The cor- dial astringent drench, including the beer, will cost about four pence; the Oyeaing drench istnor: expensive, anl costs from a shilling to -s : itett pence. But one is always sulﬁcient. l‘ltc strong cordials givon to cattle, or even the beer in wniclt they are given, which is sel. dom less than a quart, may alforl relief in Sam-‘2 disorders, but they certainly Weaken the stotntch, and thereby increase the tenden- cy to disease. The weaker the cordial the better, provided it be strong enough to produce tlttulesiredeﬁ'oct. and then it mav he so re- pcttted as, with due attention to diet, to render that effect more durable. an l even permanent, In scouring cattle I have not yet known the cor ditl astrin'rcnt to fail. Proprietors would 50’! goat advantage in directing the medical treat- ment of their stock themselves, andstill more were they to attend carefully to preventive nmns'ircs. Were the practice to become gs- norol of moitiog hay in the early part ofJuoe, when the grass is in ﬂower. it would go a great way in preventing the diseases ofhorses and Cat- ! o. In “W former animal the only other can-

ilio'ts required for the preservation ofhealth. 'vnolrl b.‘ to give {inch hay with moderation, to work him fairly. anl afford him such treatment as lte has .tiost claim to. for all his disorders are

lions and by feeding upon ltav. 'l‘he crop, when out etrlv, mw be less in quantity, but this ll abundantly compensatol for by its superior quality, and the after grass would be inﬁnitely better.

erttt’l.Sit)‘.lt‘tl by hard work, by excessive exor- I

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