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Publlnhod ovary wuk-any moruiug n 136 Prince hunt. Chnl Iottutown. P. E. I.. by Tho Thomson Company Limited. 'Covcn Prince Edw rd lllnud Like Q0 Dow" Editor and Manager. Inn A. ilurunit.

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SATl'Rl)Al', AUGUST :5, 1054

Potato Consumption

It may seem something of an anomaly but the executive director of the National Potato Council in Washington attributes a decline in potato consumption in the United States to the cheapness of that food. In 1910 average consumption was 180 pounds of potatoes per capital. In 1950 it was down to 100 pounds. The explanation, in Mr. William M. Case's view is that Ameri- cans now can spend more money on food and consequently tend to turn away from the relatively inexpensive spud.

Other factors contributing to the situ- ation are the high energy factor of po- tatoes, which is less required in an age of ledentary work: dieting fads, which quite wrongly treat the potato as fattening whereas many other foods are more so; and the working housewife who doesnt have time to peel potatoes.

None of these explanations present an Insuperable obstacle to again increasing the consumption of potatoes per capita. The low price. for instance. should in the long run tell in favour of the potato, particular- ly as science and industry produce more and more attractive alternatives for por- tions of the food dollar. Those who make a study of nutrition are well aware that foods cannot be classified as fattening or non-fattening but that it is the total food consumption compared with the amount of energy expended that determines whether we gain or lose weight. They vary in caloric count but even a product of low food valine will add to the weight if eaten to excess.

Potato peeling will tend to become passe: they have added health value when baked

in their jackets. The potato is also a strategic crop, according to Mr. Case. "They're . . . the one crop that's hard to destroy. Invaders can burn storage places and destroy the grain, but they can't plow up all the potatoes.”

War On Elephants

' Recently delegates from South Africa, Southern Rhodesia, and Bechuanaland, met in Johannesburg, and after several days of earnest consultation issued a joint declar- ation of war. The war is neither ideolog- ical nor political, nor is it directed against either East or West. It is a defensive war, pure and simple, and is directed against elephants, which in their official com- munique the delegates called "hooligans of the jungle." It seems that for some time now the animals have been terrorizing farm families in the three countries. They play havoc with crops, trample houses, and in some instances have been known to gore to death persons who stood in their way. In some sections entire villages have been rendered uninhabitable.

At first it was thought that professional hunters armed with rifles would be able to bring the war to a speedy and satis- factory conclusion; when it became appar- ent that sterner measures would be neces-

”-aary state troops with machine guns were

called into service. At last report the bat- tle was still raging, although the elephant attacks seemed to he weakening in certain spots. One particular problem facing the authorities is how to render the herds .harmless without having to resort to whole- sale slaughter. This is important; for, in addition to their haviiig historical and in- alienable rights in the African jungle, ele- phants are an unquestioned asset to the tourist business, But the problem will not he an easy one to handle; war on any level is not noted for encouraging moderation on either side.

Farmers in this part of the world often are annoyed by a fox or a racoon which enters the farmyard by stealth; nor is it any laughing matter, for both rascals are capable of doing a lot of mischief in one way and another. Elephants, though, must be a thousand times worse. Imagine run- ning into one, or perhaps half a dozen, all net to -topple the barn over or to tear the kitchen away from the rest of the house!

lming centennial

Until 1854, when Florence Nightingale took a. staff of 38 young women volun- teen to the Crimean warfront at Scutari, 'mrkey, care of the sick and wounded had been looked upon as a form of punishment for criminals or as a penance for members of religious groups. Nurses had little or no scientific training and knew nothing of sick-room hygiene. In England during the reigns of Henry VIII and Queen Elizabeth 1, people entered hospitals as a last resort,

. merely to await death. They had no hope

oftenwerefired

had to bribe them to obtain food and care.

The woman who changed all that was the daughter of well-to-do English parents. Miss Nightingale was named for Florence, Italy, where she was born in 1820. Bored by social life. she began to visit hospitals in 1844, and was shocked by unsanitary conditions and the high death rate among patients. In 1850. she studied nursing at a hospital in Kaiserswerth, Germany, and later with the Sisters of St. Vincent de Paul in Paris.

London was aroused in 1854 by reports of the suffering of sick and wounded Brit- ish soldiers in the Crimea. Miss Nightin- gale escorted her recruits to Scutari. She fought army opposition and red tape to obtain improvement in sanitary conditions in the bare hospital, barracks. She spent her own funds for food, medical supplies, clothing and bed linens for the patients. Under the care of her group, the death rate dropped from 42 per cent to 2.2 per cent within six months. Her night calls to soldiers bedsides earned her the af- fectionate nickname, "Lady of the Lamp.”

-After her return to London in 1856, Miss

Nightingale published an 800-page docu- ment which led to sweeping reforms in army medical procedure. The report is still used in administration of military hos- pitals. Later, in 1860, Miss Nightingale es- tablished the first school of nursing at St. Thomas's Hospital, London.

In the United States, crude treatment of Civil War casualties spurred a demand for improvement in hospitals and nursing care. In 1873 Bellevue Hospital in New York City and Philadelphia General Hos- pital adopted the "Nightingale Plan", an apprenticeship system combining hospital and nursing schools. Student nurses learn- ed while actually administering to patients. The first superintendents of nurses in these two hospitals were graduates of the Nightingale School of Nursing in London.

Formerly considered the lowest form of drudgery, nursing has become a highly skilled and honored profession. Nurse corps have become integral parts of army, navy and air force, with nurses 'holding commissioned officer rank.

EDITORIAL NOTE3

Tomorrow the 11th Sunday after Trin- ity, 12th after Pentecost. , t at 0 The Red Cross is again calling upon Prince Edward Islanders to volunteer as blood donors. Clinics held in seven centres have an objective of 1,000 donors. 0 O O Canada generally is gradually becoming accustomed to a situation long familiar in this Province, a preponderance of men over women. The fair sex in this country are in the fortunate position of enjoying scarcity value in addition to their other at-

fractions

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Newfoundland prosperity is strikingly illustrated in the budget speech of the Hon. Gregory J. Power, now distributed in pamphlet form. He estimates that the peo- ple of Newfoundland will pocket 5230,000,- OOO this year, an increase of 020,000,000 over last year and 075,000,000 more than in 195:L -

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Ontario statistics show accidental and violent deaths predominating up to the age of 39 and diseases of the heart as the num- ber one killer over the age of 40. From the lower age groups to old age there is a consistent drop in the proportion of deaths from pneumonia and allied causes and a corresponding increase in those re- sulting from cancer.

0

The Registrar of Toronto University proposes that high school students be kept in school for a couple of hours extra be- cause they don't know how to study and are unprepared for university exams. He has a point, of course, and the universities also could enforce compulsory study per- iods. At some point, however, the rising generation must accept the responsibility of doing some work on their own.

Thermometers and hygrometers have been placed on different floors of Federal buildings to determine when temperature and humidity break the "comfort barrier". It is more difficult, however, to take ac- count of individual comfort or discomfort when in the same building some employees may be sitting at desks, lightly clothed while others are climbing ladders or carry- ing burdens and wearing relatively heavy clothing.

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The Battle of Heligoland Bight was fought this date 1914. British submarines had determined the routine of the three lines of German ships guarding the ent- rance to the Kiel canal and the Elbe. A light ,cruiser force made a sweep, of the bight commencing before dawn. A Ger- man destroyer and then a. cruiser were

sunk. Beatty'a battle cruiser squadron M u

joined the fight and sank two more cruisers.

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PUBLIC FORUM

Thin column in opun to tho lineup nlbn hy correspondent: of question: of iutcrut. The Guudlnn don uot uenelurlly endorse the opinion of wuespoudents.

APPRECIATION

Sir,-I wish to take this oppor- tunity of expressing our sincere thanks to the Canadian Red Cross Blood transfusion service for the generous donation of blood so ne- cessary in saving the life of my daughter.

It is on an occasion such as this that one appreciates the work of the Red Cross in providing this blood. and one is most. grateful for the generosity of each in- dividual donor.

I ho e that in this series of Blood onors clinics. the objec- live set. by the Red Cross will be realized.

I am. Sir. etc.. LAURENCE B. GALLANT North Rustlco.

we ...:, I V foedi 5111412 STARS OF THE SUMMER SKY

They move in bands

Of golden tire

Between Orion

And the Lyre.

Where supernovae

Blaze and fade.

Where globular clusters flower; Where east of Libra Scorpio's heart

Antares

Fills the night with flame. Where the swift Archer Strings his how

To pierce the core of night.

Stars of the summer skyl Earth's axis tilts.

Earth's seasons move

With the bright Dog and Hare And still each year

We see them there Wheeling in hei-y grace, Beyond the darker nebulae In nuclei of light.

Moving in space

Beyond earth's space. Shedding their bright

And helium light

Upon earth's lifted face!

-Katharine Kennedy in tilt christian Science Monitor.

Old Charlottetown

Ind P. I. X. AGRICULTURAL FAIR

"Pursuant to public notice. a Fair was held here on Wednes- day last, for the sale of live stock and agricultural produce. The de- mand for good cattle. particular”- ly milch cow. was brisk. but. very few were offered for sale. and al- though far from being in good con- dition, they readily realized from I17 10:. to no a head. The concourse of people assembled was very great. but it. can hardly be said than any more business was done than what usually occurs on common mar- ket. dnyc. Indeed the time was not well chosen--had it been n. month later, cnttle would have been in better order. and more would have been produced.

"rho but. put of the sight. in- deed, seemed to be the people who had uneinbled to enjoy themselves. The streets. I-l'Id pu-ticularly Queen Square, were literally thronged dur- ing A great. part of the day with country benpx Ind belles. in holiday Attire, and than we: really nome- thing at ., in the sight of no many cheerful and happy-looking eountunncu, nil bent. upon enjoy- ment. and evidentzly determined to take their fill of it. for one day at lent. We are happy to add that everything went off not. only with good humour, but with the grant- ui order and regularity."

-flnynl auntie. June 16. 1540.

WILL HOLD BALL!

VATICAN ornr, (Reuters -.. An international rally at knight: of the nine-century-old sovereign order of llnltn will be held in Rome from

Thereafter the German navy relied upon

Elkmem W..!Eln& soften .1

qumm of an ordor announced lnonduyuuhk

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I NOTES BY

The renl reducing hero In the one who can stick to his diet at an American Plan resort. - Edmon- ton Journal.

Thei-e'n one excellent way to break up 3. children's party on schedule, the only problem being how to get the fire engines to dash past the house.-St. Catharines Standard.

High-strung Individuals who don't. know how to rest, and won't. try to learn. invariably die at a comparatively early age when it lit- tle "slow-up" would help preserve them for many years of usefulness. -St. Thomas Times-Journal.

The 564 question is that of farm costs. Are those things which farmers must. buy to maintain and operate their agricultural plant going to remain at the high level of recent years? If so. the con- zequences not. only for the farmers. out for the entire economy, will indeed be serious. Yet, the deter- tiiination of farm costs, as reflect- zd in the prices of manufactured goods which farmers buy. rests largely in the hands of the leaders of organized labor. -Guelph Mercury.

Big Ben's Centennial

(Gait Reporter)

A centenary to be marked this summer and which is of unusual significance to the people of Britain and millions throughout the world is that of Big Ben. The year 1954 is the 100th since the completion of the works of the great time- piece famillarly known as Big Ben. although strictly speaking this ap- pelation should be given only to the bell in the tower which tolls the hours. Several smaller bells chime the quarters but when the hour strikes, it's 14-ton Big Ben with his deep, sonorous E note which can be heard over a wide portion of the London area.

Multitudes of Old Country emi- grants overseas thrill to the sound of Big Ben on the radio. During the Second World War. his clear tone gave a sort of assurance that as long as he could be heard. "there would always be an Eng- land." When a bomb landed on the House of Commons at his feet. Big Ben got a bit of a jar, but the next morning he was only 1 1-2 seconds behind Greenwich time.

The first Big Ben, meaning the bell, was cast at Stockton-on-Tees, and when it was brought to Lon- don it was made an occasion of a great parade. being hauled to the tower in which it was to be installed, on a float drawn by 16 white horses. I

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The clock was built on the prin- ciple of u grandfather's clock with governing weights which. if allowed to run down all the way. would almost. reach the street level near- lys 300 feet below. For the first 80 years of its existence. the clock was wound by hand, two strong men taking five hours a day three time: n week to do the job. Since that time, it. has been wound elec- tricnlly.

Despite its five-ton mechanism and its 100 years of service. the clock in one of the most accurate timekee-pens in the world. An of- ficinl report has it that last year it lont only half of one second -a marvellous nchievement. when it is remembered that an expensive wntch in considered 1 good time- keeper if it varies not more than I minute in 24 hours. so delicate it the mechanism that in order to correct n variation of one second I you-. It is adjusted by putting a penny an the appropriate gov- erning welght according to whether the clock in Int or slow.

The huge ball on which the hours are ltruck got. its name from sir Benjamin Hall. who was 1 big man known In "Big Ben," and who wu aupnrvhor at work: at the time of iuntnllntion.

Big Ben, whether referring to-the boil or the clock itself; him be- come more than n recorder of time. The nrchltecturnliy beautiful town and the booming note n: the hour in Itruck. have beeomq inupnrnbly nuociuted with life in London. 'nu-uugh the medium at the airwaves. tlu cheerful and con-

THE WAY

i Tools rush in when Iigun II! "Stop. Look and Listen" and become angels.-Sudbury Daily Star.

It In possible to reach the top of the ladder and then discover that it is leaning against the wrong wall.- Galt Reporter.

Worrying about tomorrow too much is a good way of helping yourself not. to live in see it.-St. Thomas Times-Journal.

Maybe the baby born in nu nir- liner flying out of Honolulu will turn out to be u high-spirited youngster.-Fort William Times- Journal.

In the old home town nu old tightwad had the mixed distinction of being the oldest and the slow- est: settler.-Kitchener waterbo- Record.

Long periods without ruin in these summer days invariably force the head of the house to return af- ter his day's work to home and hose.-Toronto Telegram.

Yen, ngi-iculture'n in Ink blood since he did so well with the allot- ment. He now spit: on his hands at bridge whenever spades are trumps. -Moose Jaw Time:-Herald.

The duck shooting season has been extended. with the result. that there will be more dead ducks than usual this year.-Lethbridgc Her- aid.

Shoe nulenmcu nuke much of the relaxing effect of rubber heels. They might also mention that they don't scratch the duk-top.-Hamilton Spectator.

1! nature bud not stopped in, reports B. Tucker Abbott. I Smith- sonian Institute biologist, the world might long ago have been overlaid with oysters. Abbott says that there is one species. common on the Pacific coast, that lays as many as 10.000.000.000 eggs 3 year. If nature had not. seen to it that the sur- vival rate is small. Abbott reports that the offspring of n single oyster in five generation: would constitute 5. mass equal to eight worlds.- Phlladelphia Inquirer.

A Luueubu. schooner in back in port: with 400,000 pounds of fish. She didn't get them on the fishing banks, but. by purchase in New- foundland for another cargo. It is a phenomenon of these times. 5

there, public opinion appears in i be less cordiiilly inclined than the

" crncy" is no longer pro-American

3 and. in some respects. in right. unfriendly.

i definitely and violently anti-Ann Q. ei-lean; 1 whose safety depends on American

' policy in the - courteous but far i while in South East Asia generally

Pugs 4 The Guudjgn Ymjm-.

Anyone who read: the newspap- aro there any: cannot help observ- ing the grant wave of Anti-Amorin cnu feeling that u mum: in the world. The latest friction between that country and France over French hontiiity. or at least. half- hau-todneu, towuda the lhuopun Army Plan. has helped to bring the alhntlon into clearer focul. but the ani:ipat.hy' has been build- ing up ever since the end of the Second World War.

West: Germany, the enemy of only I few years ago. seems to be less Affected than some other continental countries: but, even

official relations between the two countries would indicate. In the Far East mutton are even worse. Japan, which General MacArthur once called "n button of demo

in anything but a formal sense down-

The bulk of China is. of cauue.

and, even in Formosa, naval power, there is plenty of criticism about United States Pacific. India is from cordial,

-that is to say, in those coun- tries which not yet. have been drawn into the Communist whirl there is great disappointment over the Indo-Chlnn settlement, and much of the blame in attri- buted to American neglect or in- difference.

Perhapa the worst situation of all is in South and Central Am- erlca. In both regions nnti-Am- ericun sentiment is widespread. even in those countries which are supposed to be against. Commun- ism. The latest incident. in Brazil provides another piece of evidence to support the belief that. the U- nited States is blamed for every- thing that goen wrong in coun- tries where political discontent 1.1 the norm. According to news re- ports thousands of Brazilians are under the impression that Secre tary of State Dulles was in some way responsible for the recent flare-up in that country. In the Middle East. Jews and Aruba ap- pear to agree on only one thing- anti-Americanism.

Dr. Judah Cahn, an American scholarhrecently gave B scrim of lectures in Jerusalem under the auspices of the Y.M.C.A. I-Ila audi- ences were made up chiefly of young Jews and Christian Arabs. The questions these young people asked Dr. Cahn will seem ridicul- ous to Americans and to most. Canadians; nevertheless. they re- veai a serious situation; sub- stantially, they are the same ques- tions which misinformed and ill- lnformed people in Europe. the Far East. and South America would like to ask.

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Here are n few of them In re- ported by Dr. claim: The general belief here is that the United States political system is n dic- tatorship in that the minority has no representation at All. Is that so, or am I mistaken? Why is corruption in the United States parliamentary system much more than in England or the Bcandian- aviim countries or Germany before Hitler? Is it because politics in plain money-making business in the Unted States and that there 5 no consideration for high issues

The Passing. Scene

ny Observer . ANTI-AMERICAN IINIDIINT

people and their leader: the con. lcioumeu thlt they use the lead. lug power in the world and are they aware of the frightful re. sponsibility involved? Axe Amen. cum aware that other people bum up mother way of life during .1 thousand years of economical and political existence nnd may no; swallow everything from America Just for the sake of financial help? Don't you think that the Russian danger ems, gernted by big business boos; output and profits?

Dr. Colin any: that this is the sort of thing he cums up against in the Middle East and he fem that n somewhat similar situation exists in other regions. It. in 3 picture of a nation strong in mili. tary md industrial might bu; weak in its political institutions. whose only purpose in helping om. er countries is n selfish one. dlo. tated by its own business inter. cats; in short, a nation unmted for world leadership that has been thrust upon it.

Anyone who has any personal knowledge of American life and in commercial and political ways knows that the picture is a mere caricature, and not a very well as. signed one at that. of the actual situation. The fact. remains that millions of people all over the world accept it as true. In these circumstances in it any wonder that many thoughtful Americans, including some in places of ill- fluence, are beginning to feel that the billion; of dollar: they have mattered around the world have been wasted and that the only sensible United States foreign policy would be 1 withdrawal into complete isolation from the rest of the wo.rlcl.? .

Behind all this anti-American sentiment, of course. in Soviet pro- paganda. How to combat it and to make friends of the people of those countries which have been the recipients of United states economic aid is perhaps the great,- est tank facing United states diplomacy in this hour. So far, it. would seem, it hasn't been done very well. Dr. Cahn seems to think that the work should be transferred from Government agencies to one or more of the Educational Foundations, the Ford Foundation for example. But, in view of the fact that - rightly or wrongly these Foundations themselves are now under much criticism in certain influential cir- cles. it isn't likely that Dr. Cahn'I suggestion will be followed.

3' to

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Lunenburg fishing vessel in i g fish from Newfoundland to keep Lunenburg processing plant: in operation. This sort of departure just about spells the endlof schoon- er fishing by hooked trawl or handline. We are now in the an of trawler: and di-users, an era in which the trawler-schooner con- tmvei-sy would appear to have died

away. -Halifax Chronicle - Herald. An Auninlinn fnxtiie expert

hopes to revolutionize the industry by the introduction of a new type of fibre. called ramie. Actually the Egyptian: in Biblical tunes were acquainted with rnmie and used it. for weaving fabrics. The plant grows in tropical and nub-tropical climates. In northern New south Wales three crop: per year can be grown; in New Guinea it. is expect- ed this can be increased to four. The advantage of this fibre Are substantial, in fact so much so thnt British and continental textile manufacturers hnvn shown n lively lnterut. in the Australians pro- tect. He ciuims that it to poulble to produce I apinnble fibre at A cost fur below that of present cot- ton, llnen and woollen proccnu No atrlpplng in n y (I costly Andi tcdioun operation). and from two pounds of nails fibre at last 1.5 pounds of yarn can be obtained. Moreover, no degumming or bank- gig is needed. -Ohnt-hum may awn. - '

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