-__ Trio.“ GIJAR-DIA

rbiorlllnlllllly (Founded In issri.“ Authorised as Second Class luau. Pool Otfloo Dafllrssssossf. Ottawa. President. Ian A. Burnett; Woe-President. Wm. B. Burnett: Seam-Trees" G. M. Burnett; Editor and Managing Director. J. B. Burnett; Associate Editor Frank Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink." fifiimirinvn-Tsfluifiikfifiiin u. l iii-sis

The llleomargiirine Ban

There is no question but that the Dominion Government will be able to continue to exclude oleomargarine from Canada if it so desires. Ask~ ed in Parliament the other day whether he was now able to inform the House as to the opinion of his lega-l advisers regarding the status of this product under the Geneva agreements, or whether the said agreements permitted the im- portation of oleomargarine, Mr. St. Laurent, Sec- retary of State for External Affairs, replied as follawsi

“l thank tho homrnenvber for suggesting that the answer should be yes or no. To the first part of tho question the answer is no; to the second part, the answer is also no. But it would not be quite fair to those who might read the. question and the answers to leave it at that.

"lmportation of oleom rgarine cannot be permitted unless Parliament sees fit to repeal or amend section 5 of tho Dairy Industry Act. No trado agreement can have tho effect of auto- matically repealing or amending it. Should it be found that the Geneva agreement or the one substituted for it by tho Havana conference does require this section to be repealed or amended, the repeal or amendment can be made only by Parliament and Parliament will have the right to determine in its discretion whether or not it will impose duties on tho importation of oleoinar- garino or excise taxes an tho sale thereof. If it_ decides to do so, thero is nothing in the Geneva agreement, nor is there apt to be anything in the Havana modification, to prevent making those duties or taxes as high as may be felt proper to leave the dairy industry completely undisturb- d‘!

From Farm To Consumer

Farmers in tho Old Country aro up against tho same difficulties as our own, only more in- tense duo to the austerity, and the provision of bodies of autocrats and bureaucrats to come be- tween tho producer and tho consumer. A year ago the Minister of Agriculture and tho Secre- tory of State for Scotland set up a committee to review the working of tho Agricultural Mar- keting Acts; to consider what modifications or provisions of thoso Acts for tho organization of producers aro desirable in tho light of experi- ence before i939 and the development since then of Government policy as it affects food and agriculture, and to make recommendations.

Lord Lucas was made chairman, and the colnmitteo recently made its report, the gist of which follows, and is not inappropriate to conditions lierei

There is no doubt that tho farmer looks upon the commodity commission as o business mon- opoly. "Members of Government commissions will be, in fact, the business executives of the taxpayer," it says. "The commodity commissions should assume ownership of the produce at the point of the price guarantee and they should, of course, be placed in a position to exercise full proprietity rights in the product from this stage.

lt might, therefore, bo desirable to make available for their use . . the extensive trad- ing and regulatory powers available to producer boards under the existing Agricultural Marketing Acts."

But the powers ot,tho Government commod- ity commissions do not stop here, Turning to horticulture (an outstanding example of the need for rationalization of marketing and dis- tribution), the commission itself "would main- tain a central market nerve centre which would be in continual telephonic communication both with the local producer and with the main mar- kets." Tho local producer boards should not only bo responsible for "supply planning," but should also "either by persuasion or, if necessary, by direction, see that the desired crops are plant- ed at the right times and in the right proportions"

One is tempted to wonder why they are not also

ompoworod "to ensure that the right degrees of humidity and warmth shall bravailablo ct the appropriate seasons." '

The Reportsis right when it says that horti- cultural marketing can only bo done efficiently if there is local planning of production and na- tional knowledge of markets. But it doos not need statutory boards and commissions to do this. Local co-operatives can supply lltg local production plan and through a control co-opera-

7 . tivo organization can gaiti all information that is noodcd aboufniarkot conditions. Thoro should .- ’ be no compulsion here. Tho scheme will not be l wrecked because individuals think that they can got bot-tor results by remaining outside it. lather itsls fortho co-opcratiiios to prove that they can got better prices and offer groator security to

the producer than if ho woro an his own. It will tako several veers to do this. and the young co-

; operatives will, need assistance in the meantime.

. Thiscan be supplied by cheap Government loans 1on4. if necessary,‘ by a direct subsidy fora lim-

ited number ofyears to oach now co-opora ve.

~ler so long as tho producer can continua do- ij livor his produce to tho market in a form and at ‘i price which compares favourdfy with tfio pro- dnpo sonrtrrho co-epororlvss.‘ lio.,nlioiiiil lio al-

' m distribution ll after all inn, Oar hdltsgqtllv- ables let-Md foodies

llPWIE.

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of supply have created tho problem, addict the some time have created a variety of people whose original object was to speed, up the flow of food

w "from country to town. The‘ trouble is that there

are now too many of those people, and. whilosomr- of them do essential work and some of them do their work efficiently, there are others who are neither essential nor efficient. What is needed is to simplify the process, to cut out those who are inefficient and, above all, to cut out those who are inessentiol. By all means let us have a body of people whose duty it is to prevent the Marketing Boards—the monopolies of the pro ducers—exploiting any other section of the com- munity, and let this same body of people pre- vent any other section of the food distributing trades from continuing services that are no long- er needed, or from drawing too much money for services which although necessary need not cost as much as they do at present. But it must cor-- fine its activities to those of supervision and ex- aminotion.

EDIIURIAL NOTES ~-

Aro we to be in for a renewal of Heresy Hunts in these enlightened days? Judging by the actions of the Lockwoods and Lawsons and their supporters in Nova Scotia that is what it

looks like. ll

The annual brief of the Trades and Labour Congress on proposed legislation is one of the healthiest aspects of our public life. Not every- one, of course, will agree with all their proposals but they represent views on public affairs of a most important section of the population.

c e o

o e e

Mr, E. D. Fulton, M.P. (PC-Coniloops) has called upon the Government to protest the progressive advance of Communism. Mr. Fulton must have been looking at a polar projection map recently and observed that this country is also a neighbour of the Soviet Union.

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Barring imported fruit and vegetables may be saving foreign exchange but it is probably also the chief cause of the shortage of refrigerator cars here. The net saving of foreign exchange will bo reduced by every carload of potatoes so held up.

w e

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The level crossing accidents and the de- termination to prevent them for the future seem to have boon forgotten. The Minister of Public Works and Highways should, perhaps, keop the casualty list an his desk. ' ‘

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Maintaining high production is still. the fundamental economic problem of government. Difficulties in particular industries are met as rapidly as is possible with the magnitude of the problems but the great danger is that the in- dividual producer will go in for retrenchment dur- ing tho temporary difficulties.

I

Cologne captured this date 1945. Americans broke into tho city the previous afternoon and

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drove towards the centre. After a night of sorties Cologne was captured by the American First Army, practically the whole of the city west of the Rhino being occupied. W W W W

CBC, National News Bulletin, announces that the sword of Damascus is now hanging over Tel-Aviv. lt sounds like a rather grim ioke, as a substitute for the sword of Damocles (as Russia in our own caso wasfor Rustico) but rather a good one, if it were intentional and not merely a blunder.

Mr. Hugh Mackay, leader of the P. C. Op- position in B. Legislature, speaking in the Address debate referred to New Brunswick’; fin- ances, contending that her per capita debt is probably the largest in Canada and is still rising. "Provincial surpluses grow to be more and more meaningless each year in direct proportion to their reported size. We spend more and more, the surpluses get larger arid larger, and the debt goes up." It is a way Liberal Governments have not confined to New Brunswick.

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In answer to the inquiry how to draw more tourists to Canada—what major projects public or private are desirable? Mr. V. A. Ainsworth, Division Superintendent of the Maritime Electric Co. is quoted by the Financial Post as saying: "Provincially we need several large cottage groups, attractively designed and landscaped, strategically planned and located, to take ad- vantage of the natural layout for appropriate re- creational pursuits. Public funds might .ai‘d these projects, and could assist imtroining man- agement and staffs. There is great need for a l rge hotel or semi-luxury cottage development in the Nationohfark area of the Province, which shoulrfbo largely a public project. There is gen- eral need to educate those engaged in this busi- ness to the need of high-grade meals readily available, and better accommodation. Their goal might be the hotel" type service with "cottage privacy plus good recreational facilities."

Q i t ‘I

Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English pact- css, born this date i806,‘ daughter of Edward Moulton Barrett, wealthy West Indies planter, she developed a remarkable aptitude for study at a very early ago, taking special delight in poetry and philosophy. After publishing a num- ber of volumes, she married Robert jrowning and wont to live in Pisa, and later at Florence. Dr. Farnivall claimed she was "tho greatest pastors whom the world has yet soon." Aurora Leigh, Goraldinofi Courtship, and many of hor shorter lyrical pieces, have secured a lasting placo in English literature:

g "itoots noorls must be Or i'non_or womon--moro's the pity"—"Ali lot mon, and still loss women, happily Scarce nosd he poets." ~

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11m: GUARDIAN.

a - -. plooosvlsero q Mlshbor psi-ks his car sarcasm. "W" 0f you; driveway. and you hteep still because’ you mustn't of- fend hlm. - London Free Press.

4s rim. i375

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Few mountains at Ilse Canadian Rookies leave so fixed. and treas- ured a memory as Mount Eisen hower. Even lf the visitor hail never known its original name, Castle Mountain, it. would have suggested itself to hlm immediate- ly. Gazing upward at lt.s sky-scrap- lng heights from any point. on its egrht-mlla base, the resemblance to a monster castle designed to." giants who would make pygmles of the fairy-tale species, ls as ob-l vfous as the vastness of the rocky pile ls overpowering. A constant challenge to nlpfnlsts, the loftresi of its several peaks has only been conquered three times. All the granite for all the wtar ‘memorials on earth would make but. a paltry hale in the side of first. lirimenslcy so lately named for the American General. -Prederlcton Gleaner.

educational and scicntlflo experts are ivonderliig what the future of Carol Gallaclier. s sever.- year-old Glasgow glrl will be. Her father ls an engineer who nos tra- veled‘ much abroad end has ai- ways taken hls wlfe and Carol a- long with hlm. At two years Car

ol startled tier mother by singing a verso of "Ls lllsrselllalae" in French. At. four she was reading "Vanity Fslr” and other classic novels. At school she ls always first 1n every subject. lfi a higher grade than she should be at her age. She has read mate's "Repub- lic," Dante's “Divine Comedy, Darwin's "Origin of Species," Moses "Utopia," and Marx's "Des Kapltal" end Tolstoy's "Wes and Peace." At present. she ls reading Shakeevhereh works. Out. of school she plays with dolls and with her school friends. She goes to sleep tho movies. - 5t. ‘Thomas ‘limes-Journal. -

Frank Huntley look the wheel of the S. S. Nevasa. es she came up the lbigllslrChannel a few days ego, and next. day, lils 16th. birth- de/y. he went. into Southampton hospital with what. his fellow mem- bers of the crew said was a broken heart. He had learned that the lfLOOO-ton British East. Indie llner had made her last voyage, and was going to bevbroken up. 1r was the first time ln 35 years that. he had not spent his birthday -s- board that ship. He had sailed ln her during two were as a troopship or hospital shlp,'and in that. ser- vice ulone had sailed more zlmn a million miles. He first‘ went t9 sea. 1n a ivlndjnmmer in 1887, and had literally spent all his llfe at sea. most. of it in the Nrrvasa. Sir William Currie, chairman of the company, said he belles-ed Quar- termaster Huntleyk mileage at. sea. was a record in the British mer- cantile marine. The Nevase was home lo hlm. Arid when he heard

I the news that. the Novasa was to

be broken up and he would no longer be able to sell 1n her, it broke hlm up also. — St. ‘Thomas Times-Journal.

Reports that. some of the dis- placed persons brought to Canada to work in the Northern Ontario bush are on a virtual sltdown strike, because they find their jobs distasteful, demand prompt action by immigration authorities. Those n.cii o'er-c admit-ted to Canada bo- cause o1’ the employment oppor- tunltlos offered by the forest. in dustrles, and they gave en under-- taking that they would work for e specified time ln the bush. {f they no longer are-prepared to do so, their cases call for re-examlnn- Lion. Should this sliow_t.l1oy. or: physically incapable of performing heavy outdoor work, 1t. will be ‘evidence of ineligibility and bad screening. And if it ls found they slmpiy do not choose to live up lo thali- commitments, they should n» classed as undeslrables. The best way to deal ivith those who fill lnto both categories. and particu- larly the latter, ls to pack their hack to Europe. When space could h: found to bring them here, it riiigliL to be casicr L0 accommo- date Lhnm nlth return passage. Windsor Star.

The killing of sheep by dogs running el. large ls is universal problem, and tho usual remedy is

them at. sight. Prevention ls bet.- ter than cure, and a Scottish vet. erlnery comes forward with a sug- gestion. Hts theory ls to see thei- dogs get pienty of opportunity for exercise. He blames sheep worry- lng on farmers, and-other people llvlng in tho ooilhsry, who~ llflblfi" ually keep their ilogs tied up ex- cept. when they want. so make use at them.» dog, he points out. ts

sunning, and it ls as natural. to: ‘dogs to run after fthovlti: objects as lt~ls for them’.to breathe. A healthy dog needs robust. exercise for its "legs and lte anlmal spirits every day. That fs why, when goose, ll: will run after snyttilng that. moves, such as an sutbmo blle. s rsllwey troln,_a man on s bicycle. and lf nothing available ft. will chase another do: and seek s fight. All stile ls done because of his innate need for ex- ercise, and lf lt. happens that. sheep m tn sight. whfa _tio happens ro get. loose, tho sheep start to "run and he naturally runs oftefltnorn. The sheep lot exams. with ttio rc-

hle teeth into its woolly side. no snoop osruglos and no so exalted that he bltos it o

anus. Al tholt.

to go gunning for them and shooT

fumlshed with four legs for fast

"also ~‘ls'

cult lie gets-exalted also and dips

sheeti- A

cijnizjxrrrrrrowor vuisiicg Forum

l‘hls "column ls open I-

khl 'lltse' by 00th- gpundvnts a tlolll '6' , "hlorofl. I150 _ Obarlaktetiuu

o

Guardian one not oooemar u; endorse also oplssloa i nrreopondensa

s

THE SINKING" FUND

Sir, --.' 1n yesterday's ‘Guardian Mr. “Anonmiouf in answer to my statement that "money expended on the sinking fund ls notran ex- pense or payment on ordinary ex- penditure" merely‘ contradicts the sita-tement, without glvlng any rea- son therefore. I again say that money put. Into the sinking fund by way of bonds or otherwise is not en expense of government; lt creates an asset, same as lf money ls put lrilo e bank. It may be wit-ti drawn and used for an purpose.

In the next. parrsgrep he uses the phrase “debltlng revenue cash". Cash in relation to revenue comes fom revenue end ls therefore cred- ited to revenue, same as money that comes from Mr. Cash ls cre- dited to Mr. Cash. '

He appears to think that the Provincial accounting ls not w!- rled out on the double anti-y sys- stern. This ls not sa. Every finan- clel transaction gives rlse to equal debit end credit. and that system ls much used ln the public accounts. I repeat my statement: "If there were no sinking fund the gross debt. would be so much less”. Look ei. peso 15: ,

Gross Funded Debt SILMLOGLOO Less Blnklng Fund 2,654,164.21

Net Funded. Debt SBIPBJIMIS If the money that created the Sinking Fund had been applied to reduce the debt, you see what the debt would be.

I em, Sir, elm. ACCOUNTANT

MR. GILLES WRITE! AGAIN

SLIP-Mr. R. A. Prowl. orato- ent of Ltio Federation of Agricult- ure. replies through Tho Guardian of March 3rd to s left/er of mlne appearing 1n earlier issues of the Press, taking exception l0 dilscus- sloa, derogatory to myself and the Livestock Marketing Board. that was permitted to take place in my absence at. e. public meeting of the Federation of Agriculture on February 27th, but, notwithstand- g his refutation of the com- plaints rmeide, I still maintain I was correct and circumstances will beer that. out. '

In the more enlightened stratum of society ll: ls considered mostun- ethical to discuss adversely in pub- 11c the affairs of an individual or corporation, except- ln the pres- ence of such person or a repro- scntotlve of the Corporation under fire, and it. ls customary for the chairman, when n. different. cori- duct develops, lo check the of- fenders until at least. an oppor- tunity to-appear is afforded. Even. criminals are required lo "appear" before the bur of justice or t-tie lrlal cannot. proceed. In this ln- stance, the law of the Jungle was permitted to hold unimpeded sway.

Mr. Profilt. seems to be rather unfortunate ln the selection of ,oc- caslons upon whloh be ls asked to preside at. public meetings es it. can be recalled that, about a year ago. at. s. somewhat. slmllisi- meet.- ing of the Federation at. vitriol-i he presided, ft. ended up ln more or less of e. fiasco. Outhst. occasion, nu important resolution requesting that. the Dominion Government. be asked lo erect. a grain‘ elevator at. Charlottetown was up far consid- eration. On this occasion, too, he lulled to repress a rather gerrul- ous, voluble and averoeelous op- ponent of the scheme, or curtail his determination to dominate the meeting, with the result. that it. practically broke up ln disorder. The sponsors of the resolution were there to discuss its merits, but. they never golf a chance. It was finally left with the Board of Directors for further “considerat- lon", but nothing has been heard of ll. since; and, by the way, l‘. would be interesting to know whet became of this resolution and how ll. ivas disposed of.

Previous to the introduction of organized marketing of hogs 1n Hus Province, Island farmers were being peld only about. fill cents on the dollar of whet; producers of slnsl- lzu- hogs were receiving ln Ontario and Quebec. Under the new mar- keting system that. was put. into effect, conditions gradually lrn- proved, untlt, for the past year or more, our Island hog producers have been and now are. receiving

teen cents, to the dollar received by formers located in the Provin- ces mentioned. 1 submit, there- fore, that. such a record of accom- plishment ls something to becom- rriendcd. and offers little occasion for "lrsvestlgatlod," “suspicion,” or "misunderstanding? It welsh for itself. l

How was this dorse? ‘through organising ,l'0d‘llflfll to the polar. where -t.bcl.r hops ooula be mark- eted on s car-lot. basis, and, thus enabling the men who produced only one or two hogs. as well as bis neighbor who raised twenty or more, to slslp their‘ product out of the Province into the markets of the world. when all producers rnlslrt set tap world prloo. m- psoaibori-lt ts the he: that is sblpped oos at-ttie Province Isbss _ soteitlsorprlee of all tipas produced

wltlslls tbs-Province. not the tiou sets locally. This ls truo in oon-