%oaerau~b’ ® a r ctr c.

'I inem era of Parlirrrrient. one of the ootninisrtiuneru -diau a irs. The Duke of York dying on the 6th of January, the

Wfiowerdtreet, liis (irar-e had been selected I

VOL. 22.

.4-

'CHARLOTTETOWN, PRINCE‘EDWA.RD LELAND, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1852.

N0. 1179.

From late Papers. Lira AND CAMPAIGNS or TIIE DUKE or war.- LINGTON.

sourtcax. CAIIII.

Ia I_815, when a mania for a joint-stock companies. similar to \lIs railway hallucination of 1841. seized the public ruinds. his Grace saerted,himself greatly to restrain the infatuation of the English ca italists; and, as an acknowledgment of his public ser- vices in this respect alone, he was invited to a splendid banquet,

present vi‘ a maguilceat silver vase. worth £I000.

In I826, the reaction attendant upon this comrncrcial iiifritaation burst I the countgy. 'l‘lie distress was of the severest descrip- tion. it the 4th of arch, the Gazette contained 93 bankrupts. Att Duke's suggestion, small notes were re-issued at the Bank -of England. and this joined to the large amount of new coin ririrrted. at last put an end to the ernbarrassnient.

Ilbrflraco was also appointed, with Sir Robert Peel and other or Iii-

Dlksnf Wellington was up rated on the 2-Iti his successor as comtnundlr-in-Chit-f and Colonel of the lat Grenadier Guards. Ou he 10th of March his Grace was installed in the otlice of High Cofltabie oftlie Tower. with it salary of £1000 per annurn, to eoiunsoca from’the date ofhis appointment. At the same tirrie. he

was up inted Custos llotulorum of the Tower liarrrlets, with a much eiitar salav ._ ‘me Minister. Lord Liverpool, having died a plosy on the I1 of February. after holding office since the 9th June, ISI2. the King nomirratod Mr. Canning as his suc- cessor. Upon this, the Duke of Wellington and six other of the

Cabinet retired. his Grace resigning

principal members of tho old the command oftlro army on e 3 secession. which has been severely criticised. caused the failure of Cannirrg‘s Ministry. and was succeeded by Lord Goderioli, vcrnmerrt was sliort-lived. When he resigrir-ti, the Duke of “Val ington was instructed to frame it Cabinet. 'l‘lris lie accord- n ly did, rosigrring the oorrirnnnd on the I5Il| of February in favour of Lord Ilill. Mr. Iiuskisson showing some iitsuhrirdiiration, was soon dismissed from the Cabinet; from which his friend i.ord Dud- ley, as well as Mr. Charles Grant and Lord |'ulrnerston, also so- ced lis lute Majesty (William IV) taking oflicnce iii a reinori— straiico made by the Duke of \Vellington, upon the expensiveness of his habits. also resigned his oliice of Lord High Admiral. liis Grace‘s mode of life as Prime Minister was such as might have been expected from his previous irrilitavy career. Ile slept on an iron camp c stearl; rose regularly at seven; brcakfasted at eight. and immediately commenced his otiicirrl duties. lie was the terror of the ldlcrs at Dowrririg-atrcet. On one occasion. when the trea- sury clerks told him that some mode of making up the accounts was impracticable. they were met with the curt re I . ‘ Never ririrr if you can't do it, I'll send you lialf-u-dozen pay—si.-rgéairts that

' l'—a hint the did not fail to take.

One of tho refiirms with which the Duke of \‘\'ellirrgton‘s name is indissolubly connected. is the repeal o the Test and Corporation Acts, which he triuirrpliantly carried during the session of I325. in spite oftlte fierce opposition of Lord lildon, rind other terios of the old school.

Another measure ofu similar nature, was the Roman Catholic Relief Bill. His Grace had shown liiiriself, when chief secretary for Ireland, lsnieiitl disposed towards this large branch of his Mu- jesty's stilijects. 'I' to question had been agitiitcd or many years: and his Grace's Cabinet, after resisting the popular demands for some time, at length determined to yield. and to perform this act of 'uatice. Mr. Peel (the late Sir Robert) then sat for the univer- sity of Oxford. and the first intimation of the ministry's determina- tion was his resignation. This step caused it prodigious sensation in the political world. and the university marked its displeasure by electing Sir Robert Inglis in the roorir oftlie ‘ Apostate.‘ It woul boa loo task to describe the struggle which took place in both houses; at during the sessioti of I829, .\lr. Paul carried it through the commons by a ma'ority of 160 on the second reading. and I78 on the third; and the Duke himself passed it through the Lords by a majority of I05 on the second reading and I04 on the third. It received the royal ass:-nt on the l3tli of April. Uri the l9tli of Mqch, the Earl of \Vinclinlsen and Nottingham, a determirrcrl opposcr of the bill, olfcrcd the Duke what his Grace considered an insult. A new seliolas:ic institution, called King's Collwn-, hav- ing been opened in the Strand, to cnunlr-ract tho tcrrdr-itcies oftliat as prrtron .ord nchelsca wrote to Mr. Colorago. the secretary, in the following III! 3—-

so 3'

‘ I was one of those who at lirst thortglrt the plan might be prac- ticsble, and prove rm antidote to the principles oftho l.oridun Uni- vsrsity. Lute political events have corivirrced me, that the Wllttle trtttlsaction was intended as n hlirid to the protestant and high church party; and that the noble Duke, who had for some time previous to that peri deterririnr-ii upon breaking in upon the constitution of I688, might the more ctfeciually. under the cloak of sortie outwrrrd show of zr-rrl for the protcrrtiuit rr.-ligiorr. curry on his insidious dc- aiga of for the infringeinr.-nt of our liberties and the irttroductiori of popery into every department of the state.”

The Duke of \Vellington demanded it retraction, which‘ his lord- Cbip uecliitui to give. u the preliminaries having been settled by Sir Henry Ilrirdinge on the one han , and the Earl of lfalrrtoutli on tbs other. the two peers had it hostile meeting. on Saturday. the list of March, in Bsttersea Fields. Ilis Grace tired without ctiiect. the Earl discharged his pistol in the air, and the parties IIIIEII let the ground. or Virrcliclsea afterwards published the retraction demanded of him by his Grace.

On the 20th of Jununr , I829. his Grace was appointed gover- nor of Dover Castle. and’ Lord \Vurdeu of tile Ciriqrre Ports; a he soon afterwards added the whole of the Silehesior property to his estate in Hampshire, so '9 domains ncqtrirer cuit of thirty miles. and his mans‘ approached by a direct ave-

Z.

80, the Duke's~gnve fell. The ranks of his support- ers had been thinned by the malcontent 'l‘ories. who kept nluo in high dud out at his Relief Bill; nor did he receive any perrirrrricnt ffflfll the \Vliigs and Roman Catholics : and. rrrriv tl cry had been utisised for refur ' cons' erslrls iiliir excitement. on pOfI0l|IPo'illIIIl, and c--nsitlerslrle damage was done to his property. The new King. \\'illr.rrir |V., had intended to liave been at ciy feast at Guildhall. but the ministers had receive each information. as not only induced them to advise his llajesty Duke of \Vellington to have the

in. This the llulre refused. and the result was His Grace himself did not as-

inst were sub'ected to severe snirn-d-ion-by but Dir e's account or the matter at once am» a a com ' answer to their ot.j.¢ii.m._ and puts his Grace's character in s uiost amiable Ii ht. ' I we have gone.‘ said he to Sir \Villiain Knlgtiton. ‘i the law had been equal to protect me. but that was not the case. Filly dra- gooos on horseback would have done it; but that was it nrilit.-try

ores. If firing had hcgun, who could tell when it was to end? one gnilty i-son would fall, and ten innocent be destroyed. Would (lib vi colt wise or humans. hr a little bravado. or that the country t not be alnrrrred for a day or two? It is all over now. and In an week will be forgotten.‘

On the lbtli Novembeniri this year (I880) ministers were de- fflltd 0| 55!‘ Henry 'amell‘s arrrmrdrnent. appointing a select com- atittssis isgalrs iaiurhs eivii ii.-r, by a majority or ; and on ‘I ll|0_ f0“0Wl|\£ his Grace and Sir Robert Peal announced the resignation oftbe as t. l.orsl Git-y was named as his use.- Cillflc I-Md Hill, however. continuing at the Horse Guards.

0| the Mill of June. lfllhlsesd John ltnssell raeorrrniensed the re- firmdiscuhlon. and tliebill was carried on the 19th July. by a “'80 l||J°fl|]- 0'! “'0 f0ll0WiI| it was carried up to the lords by upwards of I00 members. , by Lords Althorps sud Rus- *s':d was delivered to tbaI‘:vd ad for-

tiaahs "W

0--

when the oppositiori being weakened by the dssertion of the Bishop. of l.ondon and other lords, the bill was read a second time by majority of nine ,—upon which. the Duke and 14 other pears en- tered their protest on the journals. When their l0|'IIlIIlpl re-asseiii-‘ bled, it was proposed to take the question of enfruncliisernent Eat; a d Lord Grey, being defeated, waited on the king and gave ‘in the alternative of either creating a suliiciont number of new peers or of accepting his resigniition. Ilis Majesty accordingly sent for Lord Lyttdlturst. and desired him to ogurnnicate with t e Du e and Sir Robert Peel; but both being intractable on the reform mention. the king recalled Lord Groy. po u ar was this step t at the opposition gave up the contest, and the bill received IIIQ‘ royal assent b coiiirrrission on the 1th June, I832. rl Gro wu sonrirrfterwar s succeeded b Lord Melbourne, but the reform ini- ixlstlry did not last long, being broken up by tho resignation of Lord t I0l' t. On the Ilith of November, his Grace was directed by the king- to form it new administration, and he at once recornrrrerrded the

appointinuflof Sir Robprt Peel to the premiership. As Sir llobi-rt it

whas Illtlt} in Italy, his (srace was at first entrusted with the whole c argeo government and the seals of the three secretaries of state; but _when the ciibiriet was filled up, he took the direction of the foreign affairs. The lower IIOIHB, however, cornmenced liostrlitics. and having carried the election of the speaker, they (‘I"8I'0i’|l.8t|.I tpe lllfllltillertl by passing a elapse for appropriating part of t e risiciurc property to purposes o education. In consequence ';‘|is, the iiiinisters rlpsirgned ill the April of I834.

re contest on the s orrri Act, reconciled the Duke and the tor part , who were highly delighted by his liriii stand against the bill. On the 29th of January,’ 1834, lllsl Grace was ‘lllllttlllllfltlsly elected chancellor of Oxford, in the room of Lord Grenville de- asc . 'I‘ is prissing of the Reform Dill may fl said to have formed the tcriiitnntion of his Grace's political life, for though he contiriiit.-d to be a warm :rrid_crr‘r’isiste|rit supperturlof the conservative party, he never again as ire to t is premiers ii .

After this his old popularity returned, and at the coronation of the Queen in I837 his reception by the crowd was most enthusias- tic. larshal Suult wio was pt’-:Ir.'ttl as rrrribassrrdnr extraordi- nary front l"rririce. was also received with loud applause. On t e Ilitli of .luly. the cnrporrition of London gave it grand dinner to the foreign princes and aiiilrrrssadors, at the Guildhall. The bcaltli-i of the two heroes were tlrttiik together, with tremendous clieeriiig; and in returning thanks. the coiriplirricrited each other in the warni- est riirrrirrcr. ' ‘ho iu:rrsh;rl‘s speech nllbrdcd a curious contrast to

is general orders. '

At the resigrratirrn of i.ord Melbourne in I840, the Queen sent for the Duke. rrrrd at his suggestion cniirririssioned Rir Robert 1'».-e to forth I! ririnistry; but the wlrigs returrrcd to ollicu, licr Majesty relusing to dismiss the ladies of her lroriseliold.

it I3-fl. fir ltrrbert Peel succeeded in actually constituting ti cnlriréotfi, which Ircrrralriripd up [piwor lIttIlIl t‘llielr*|<_»lj;ii.tl oftlipl crzii laws, in L4 . a tie 51! o . ugust, ..or I restgiio t e corri- inrrnd of the army, in corrsoqrrrrrroo of the state of his lroaltlr, and the Duke, who once more iiucceudod to that lulpurlttltl ullice. has held it ever since.

For the last few years of his life. the Duke was consulted by ministers, and iritlo.-ed by her .\l:rjesty herself, who is understood to have liked to take his opinion on- ii I iiiittcrs of iriiportnirce. Ile lind always very regularly confurriicd to social ohscrvuiices, and itiirrglcd largely with the society to tvliicli lic bcloirgo ._ ' |'pyttt:tl‘?lli‘.ti' iii a_t‘:rt'e was opt tin: tycuasrtpji ofl IIIIL dissolupop 0; par?! rarrien , wrcnr ocarrre its tu to a tie carer 0 tie war of State. Tire verreralrle Duke, feeble with age, was accordingly see-.n illl hip pllaco..c.p_rryi.iig title ll‘tl!‘.lltI)y land vlenerarblc \\:etIp0til’,I ipiy. even p ay a porn mg it at .or or >_v w ro was jcrttitig wi i rim about his di culiy in csrr ing it. His, latest remrrrkrrble was in the House o I.o_r s. when he ainpliatically crime forward to signify his approbation of Sir llrirry Srrittlr’u conduct of the Kaflir wrrr. This speech was reiiiarkrrblo for its clerirncss, and a certain air of deriioirstr:rtinn—as if his Grace wished, as was natu- tural ugh, to give all the wt-iglit of his authority, to aid ti brave poldwho had been trcnted by government in a way equally un- just and ungenerous. Irencrally, he continued to perforirr the cus- tomary routine oflii.-i life with his rrotablc prrrictualit .

lie bird gone to \Vrrlrirer Cnstlt-—nrid tlrrit his general health was still good, we rrray learn from the fact, that on last Saturday af- loE.l'rL00l‘IllQi\‘.'frd6 uvpr on lharplelrnck Ito _l)uvcr. iirtdan ‘llirs pl.-iprlrcity 0 or 'a on. inspece re wor ‘.1 in progress in re armor of liefuge. and other dopartrrrorits. I c then scurried in excellent health and s ririts.

His death in ry be said to have been sudden.

O 0

lie died after a

was riaturrrl decay. lrut tliu iirriirmliatu agency described in the word ‘tits’ was doubtless an ctlirsiori of writer upon his rrriii. Gradual stupefrrctioir would be the result, irird also corrvulsioirs, but it is probable that his death wits without pain. Ila expired at half- past three in the trftr-riroon.

'l‘lie lluke is succeeded by his son Arthur, the Marquis of Douro, who was born in I307. e is u coloirel iii the army, and tirurrit.-d iii I339, a daughter oftho lilarquiri of 'I'wci.-ddllc.

'lill“. DUlil".'S PEIISUNAI. IIABITS.

The Duke‘s personal habits were extremely tcnrpcratc, if no abr-tciirirrirs. lie slept little, and wht-tlier from old iirilitavy associ- rrtionsirr for healtli's sake, used it hard mattress and a cai.n bed. Ile appeared to avoid display in his dross. eq-ripagc. and nttundarits, preferring horse exercise to the state rind luxury ofn carriage; and even when increasing weakness rendered it a task ofsorne drliiculty to sit erect u too liorsubtrck, day after day he was still to e scen iirirblirrg slowly down to the House of lords. tuuclring his bat to the crowds asscirrblr-,d round the entrance to catch a glrrrrce of the vulerriii warrior. Ilis household was said to be it model of good order and good rriariagornerit. I e incurred no debts; punctual and precise in all his dealings. lie was riiwiivs just, rriid frcqiroiitly. though privately, generous. Ilis \\'nti.-rloo buirqnots, .I\‘il|(.'lI tiir many years drew around him his surviving companions in arms in this his last glorious field, were the only exceptions to his usual irrilitfercnce to display. On these occasions only. the massive scr- viccs of pliite and priceless cliintt. pictures, stat e , and all the other frnoiirs, iinnoiirs, und pri-serrts which lirid been conferred upon hirnzy the [sovereigns of Europe, were not inappropriately dis_ Pl‘!

' 1-iir. nuitirs CIIARACTBR.

(Frost tits London Tisiu.) '

If aught can lessen this day the grief of England upon the death of her greatest son. it is the recollection that the life which has just closed. leaves no duty incomplete, and no ooour uribeslowr-il. The Duke of Wellington had exhausted nature and exhausted glory. Ilis career was one one ou lmrgcst day, filled fft)'Il dawn to nightfall with IOIIOWIIHI actions, orriirrated by urrfuilirrg energy in the public service. guided by urrswcrving principles of conduct and of statesrrianslrip. Ile rose, by u re id series o uclricvciirerrts which none had surpassed, to a position which no other man in this nation ever enjo ed. The place occupied lry the Duke of Welling- ton in the councils oftlie country and in tire life of lirigland can no more be tilled. There is irons left in the army or the senate to act and speak with like authority. There is aorta with whom the valour and the worth of this nation were so incorporate. Yet, when we consider the llflneas of his years, and the abundance of his iii- cesaunt services. we ma learn to say with the Roman orator, ' Nor tin dirt ct'.i:i'ssc di'ct'lor.' since, being mortal. nothing could be added either to our venerution or to his arne. Nature herself had scum-rl for a tisvre to expand lie inexorable lirrrits, and the irrfirirrntir-s of u e to lay a litthtcr burtbnn on that lroriourod head. Generations of men had passed away between the first exploits of his arms and the lust counsels of his age, until. by lot unexnnrplerl in history the man vibohsd lsyed the most conspicuous arts in the annals of rriore than bu f it ec_ntury became the last survivor of .itis con- temporaries, and carries with him to the grave, all living inernory of his own achievements. To what a century. to what a country. to what achievements was that life successfully dedicated ! For its prodigious duratioa—l"or the multiplicity of contemporary clis rs and events for outiisrrrtiovirig the course of its days and years- or the invariable and unbroken stream of success which attended it thin its cornmeacsrnsat to itscless. from the Ivst lush of trium-

pbsrit ulcer is ipfis war, to_tht ssaatsrlal wlsisn as which

the severe’ it and the nation hang for counsel to the latest hour- the unbeu irig firmness of character which bore alike all labour and all prosperity——snd for unalierable uttirclinient to the some objects, the same principles, the same duties, undisturbed by the passions of youth and unrelaxed by t e honours and enjoyrrionts of peace a_ndofage—ths|ife of the Duke of \Vellington stands alone_in hrstor . In him. at least, prosperity ivill trace a character superior to the highest and most nbundunt gifls of fortune. ‘If the d ' Ieroisrn ’ can be not unfairly applied to him. it is because remained greater than his own prosperity, and rose above the rnptatioris by which other inert of equal genius. btit less self- I0V9|’l||||6IIl. have fallen below their destinies. llis life has no- thing to griiri frorri the language of pnnegyric, which would coin- psre his military exploits or his civil stntesrnansbip with the prowess of an Alexander or s Cicsar, or with the astonishing career of liiru who saw his empire overthrown by the llritisli general iit \Vaterloo. .—'I'hese were the olfsprirrg of passion rind o genius, flung frorii the Ivolcanic depth of revolutions and of civil war to sweep wit me- 'torlc splendour across the earth, and to cellupss ‘I darkness before ha|_ftlrs work oflife was done. ‘heir violenos. their ambition, their rornautic existence. their reverses. and their crimes, will for ever fascinate the interest of mankind, and constitute the secret of their farne. if not of their greatness. T such attractioris the life and cliarncter oftlie Duke of \Vcllington present no analogy. he rose to scarcely inferior renown, it was by none of the passions or the arts which they indulged or employed. Unvanquished in t afield his swor was never drawn for territorial conquest, but for the independence of Europe and the salvation of his country. Raised by the universal gratitude of Europe and of this nation to the highest point of rank and power xthicli a subject of the British innnurclry could attain. he were those digiiilics, rind lie used that in uorice, within the strictest limits of it suhject’s uty. w was ever twisted to his will, no right was ever sacriticod by one hair's breadth for his irggrarrdiseirtent. There lived not a man, evenniiioiig iii-Izintrigoiiisls, who could say, that this great duke had wrorrgcd him; for his entire existence was devoted to the cause of legal authority and regulated power. on seek in it in vain for those strokes of ritirliicious enterprise, which in other great captains, ' rivals in liiriie, have sorrietirrics won t e prize o crowns or turned the fate of natioris. But his whole career shines with the steady light rrfrlny : it has nothing to conceal; it has nothing to interpret by the flexible organs of history. livery thing in it is runn- ly, compact. and clear; slirrpr-d to one rrilc of public duty, arrininted by one passion. the love offirrglartd and the service of the crown. The Duke tori lived, corirtiiarulud, and governed iii unconscious inditfercnce or disdrrirrful nvcrsiori of those common incentives of liuiiian action w rich are derived from the powers of imagination and of sentiment. Ile held ilrerrr clicttp, both in their weakness and in their strength. The force and wei lit of his chri- raoler ritoopcrl to no such ndvcntitirrusi iirliuencos. I o iiiiglit have kindled irrure eritliusirisrii, especially in the early and doubtful days of his l’eirirrsular career; but 'i his sirccess and triuiiipliurrt pur- suits of glory, hr.-r iiaiiio iicvnr pas-iicd his lips, even in ltis irtldrcssos to his soldiers. is entire nature anal cliaractcr were moulded on rcality. He lived ltlsltfttllllllgs rrs they wore. llis acute glance and cool judgiiicrit pierced rrtorrco through the surface which en- tarrglr-s the irrrzrgirrrrtiuri or kirrdles the syiiipirthy of tire feelings. Truth, as he loved her, is to be reached by ri ronglicr p:rtli rind sterner minds. in wrrr. in rolitics, and in the coriirtrnii lrurisactions of life. the Duke of Wellington adhered iirllcsibly to the most precise correctness in words air lis tenipcrurrient nbhorrcd disguises arid despised exaggerations. The fearlessiiass of iris ac- tions wns never the result of speculative confidence or fool-hardy presumption, but lay rrrainly in it just perception of the true relation in which he stood to his arrtagouists ill the field or in the serrate. _'I‘he greatest exploits of his life, such as the pans e of the aura, followed by march on Madrid. the battle \\’aterloo. rind the passing of the Catholic Relief Bill, were performed under no cirr.-urriiitrirrccs that could inspire antliurriasrir. Nothing but the coolness of the player could have won the mighty stakes upon u cast irppareiitly no adverse to his success. Other tainiinandcrs have attained the liighest pitch of glory when they disposed of the coins- sal resources of empires. and iendi.-d armies already flushed with the conquest of the world The Duke of \Vellirigtnii found no such ericuurrigr.-itrent in an iart of his CiIi’L'(!|'. t ito time were tie‘ iricaris rrt his disposal adr-qriatc to the ready anti certain execution of his designs. Ilis steady progrr-as in tire l'erririsrr|ar cariipaigirs went on against the current of fortune, till that current was itself turned by perseverance rind resolution. lie had a clear and coin- plcte pcrccptiorr o the .tt=g(‘rs lrn crrcourrterr-,rl, but he saw and raspord the latent power wltitzli llillii-HI Iilllltf rlrrrigr-is and sitrrirourrt- ed rusislnitcr.-s apprirerit y iriviticililc. 'l his is pr:-rtisrrly the lriglii-,st drrgrce of courage, for it is courage conscious, eiillglttuitutl, and de- teriiiiiicd.