THE GUARDIAN

Pub

lubed nun vukiu menu; I! in Prince ltroet. can lothlovl. P I. L. by The 'l'hoInInI Company united. '&vuI Prlnn Idvud mud Like the luv" minor, Frank Walker Goncnl Manager. 1:: A. Burnett lunch nlficn at Sununerlldo. Ilnntuuo and Alborlon. Autnni ind as second Gun Ilnll by the Pen Office Department.

Ottawa. Iv Carncr: c rlouetnwn. Siunnan-nu 013.09 pu anninn Else than in P E I 83.00 Other Pmvincn and U S A Illliv

hr annum.

"Tho unonxelt manner, In weaker than the weakest Ink."

'ruvnso.u', DEC. 16. 1954

The Way Of Patience

No national leader in recent times has found himself in a more difficult situation than that which confronts the President of the United States at this time. following the report of the unlawful imprisonment of thirteen American citizens at the hands of Chinese Communist authorities. There is no doubt that American public opinion has been stirred to intense anger and resent- ment by this latest evidence of Communist arrogance and utter disregard of interna- tional law and custom. In some influential quarters there is a demand for military re- prisals if. as seems likely. all other means for the release of the thirteen should prove useless. Senator Knowland's pro-l posal for an immediate naval blockade of! the Chinese coast is being supported with! increasing emphasis. This is understand-5 able in view of accumulating evidence that' the Chinese Communists care not a whit forl any protest that is not backed by decisive action. But. as the President pointed out in a recent news conference, while, theoret-, ically, it may be possible to impose a blockade without starting all-out war, his-I torically it has never worked out that way. and there is nothing to indicate that in this instance the normal historical: course would not be repeated. It would, ofl course, be the easy way: but it would not,I, necessarily, be the wise way.

Mr. Eisenhower has never said that ini no circumstances and under no provocation would he consent to military action against Red China. This is what he did say: "If; we are going ever to take such a fateful; decision as leads us one step toward war let us. by no means, do it in response to our, human emotions of anger. but after wel have prayerfully considered it and found, as President Wilson expressed it. 'no other, means of protecting our rights'." Mean- while, to quote him again. ”the hard wa.V is to have the courage to be patient."

No one but the President himself knows how heavy is the burden that rests on his, mind and heart: at times it must be well- nigh unbearable. One act of truculence on; his part, one injudicious decision, one hasty order. and civilization could be put to the torch of ravaging and merciless fire. It is; a ghastly thought to ponder: but there is nothing to be gained by refusing to accept: the possibility of the free. worldls eventuali discovery that war, with all its terrors. is the only alternative to slavic domination of. its way of life by Communist powers. But. we can be thankful that in the position of: greatest influence in our free society a man who will not grow wcaF.V i” PU?-Slllnl-ll the ham way of patience. so lone 35 1h0l'9 remains one faint hope of peace with hon-l our-

l

Venice Today

Venice, Italy's canal city whose glitter-, ing beauty has long enchanted the worlds is inviting the world to hell) 5aV9 her crumbling charms. Slowly bill n0llCe3blyi the Queen of the Adriatic is settling into the sun-flecked waves from which she rose ,1,.)ii() years ago. ller bell towers are lean- mg, 'l he famous Campanile, rebuilt after: its 1902 collapse, already shows cracks.l Time's insensitive disregard for man's archi- tectural masterpieces tells on the marble palaces flanking the Grand Canal. in sub-. merged basements dampness and salt cor- rode wood, iron and mortar. Wind-whit)" ped tides often invade St. Mark's Square,: and each year in tenth-of-an-inch loweringi of the earth's surface along the C0851 hastens the erosion. i

Millions of dollars are needed to ward. off an ingiorious end, says the National Geographic Society. Neither the city's,

hard-pressed patricians nor her wage-earn-ll

ing classes can afford large-scale renova- tions which call for a national and inter- national effort. As a cons8ClU9"Cf?. VCWC9, is sounding out architects and friends thei

world over about plans to shore up artistic, flUiCkl.V and Wfeak m0l'9 h3V0C- 1" 3 591159 livinglit may be considered war damage. because

monuments and improve crowded . conditions. A new power house, wateiu reservoirs, ferry-boat terminal, customs sta-l tion and warehouses are projected. Therei has also been talk of a tunnel under the lagoon to link the city with the famed Lido.-

Help can come none too soon. The, Cathedral of St. Mark, resplendent in mani- fold Byzantine domes. arches and mosaics. for years has borne deep scars of age. The Ca' d'Oro. once one of the loveliest of gold-adorned Gothic-Venetian showplaces. was rescued only at the last moment. De-

l

coy eats relentleuly away at the under-i

inning: of the Doge': Palace, at the Pal-i

i gress has been made. The third annual re-

lconfidence in him, into

-lllg tends to dry up private investment.

azzi Mocenigo where Lord Byron lived ln'

1818, and at the early Renaissance Paiazz- Venoramin-Calergi wiiere Wagner died in 1883.

however, there are encouraging signs. A

-iiew front decorates the Santa Lucia rail-

way station. All five synagogues in the ghetto of Venice--notably the oldest, Scuola Grande Tedesca--were recently resiored,i largely through funds from the United States. More than 300 years old, they fac- ed imminent danger in 1949. Moreover, the esthetic spirit of the city that nurtured the florid talents of Titian and Tintoretto be- stirs itself again. An art controversy now rages over a proposed house designed by the renowned American architect, Frank Lloyd Wright. Featuring strong vertical lines in a pattern of geometric shapes, the

building would be erected across the Grandi '

Canal from the graceful outlines of the Ca' Foscari. Innovators are enthusiastic. But traditionalists are outraged. Paradoxically, Ernest Hemingway, literary innovator and recent Nobel laureate, sides with the tra- ditionalists. Of such modern architecture, he says: ”All right everywhere except in Venice."

Investment in Living Standards

The Colombo Plan has not brought the living standards of those millions living on 3550 a year up to that of the more economi- cally developed countries btit some pro-

port indicates such progress but shows also that the gap between the estimated cost of development programmes and money avail- able to bring them about is widening.

”New private investment has been small," states the report. "In fact, in some countries there has been some net dis- investment, withdrawal of provate capital." This is, unfortunately, one of the dangers of artificially stimulated industrial invest- ment. The private investor is wary of put- ting his money, or that of others who have enterprises which appear likely to face the competition of government owned or controlled schemes. The very fact of such governmental spend-

This is one reason why such schemes should be very carefully considered and selected. not only for their own soundness, but also for their effect on private busi-, ness. It is possible, of course, to make pub- lic investment attract private business. Im- provements in roads and sanitation, the provision of adequate power and many other things can be so handled as to en- courage private industry. It is all too easy, however. for the same or similar schemes to deter the timid investor.

In the Colombo Plan area there are many encouraging signs. Agriculture, in particular, has been stimulated, there have, been improvements in many fields, largelyl attributable to the development plans. lti may be assumed that the money is beingi wisely spent. It is only necessary that there be more of it. '

EDITORIAL NOTES

Ludwig van Beethoven. German musical composer, was born this date 1770. Hei published his first composition at the age of 13. Hard work and genius brought him success despite an ungovernable temper and rude manners. His finest work was com-; posed after deafness made it impossible for him to hear it played.

0 O O ,

The Atlantic Provinces Economic Coun-1 cil offers businessmen a chance to play a.

new role in industrial development. declares

Industrial Minister Dauphinee of Nova Scotia. Governments can help, but the Council will be an instrument through

which businessmen can be directed to op- portunities for development. ..

l The great debate on whether NATOi politicians or soldiers should decide on the use of the atomic bomb in retaliation really resolves to a question of Timing. The poli- ticians must. of course, make the decision, but it must he made early enough that the soldiers can act on it without delay should

retaliation become necessary. 0

Flood waters in Britain and Ireland are as impossible to control in their short de- scent to the sea as are the great rivers of this continent. If anything they rise more

and Court Crier were two reguiiir

, in

iabout half the length of a block,

shout: to Yes! 0 Yes! 0 Yesl Hear

3

t'7er-:75 2 S4-ayes . . - V. pp

flbiu?-v -

f M Qoedl

VYINTER FIELD

&1Ite'. l

Sorrow on the acres, Wind in the thorn,

An old man plowing Through the frosty morn.

A flock of the dark birds, Rooks and their wives, Follow the plow team The old man drives:

and troops of starlings, A-tittle-tat. and prim, Follow the rooks

That follow him

-A E Coppa rd

Old Charlottetown

.-41.11

THE TOWN CRIEB.

”Who can remember old John Hatch, the Town Crier? The pres- ent generation would regard a cliaracter oi that iund a curios- ity. Yet. in the eighteen fifties and sixties it was looked on here as nothing uncommon. Within my rev collection the work of Town Crier occupations. The earliest of kind that. I can remember was old man named Squires. I imagine that I only heard him once, but. John Hatch paraded his occupation before the public for many years.

”In the old times. previous to Confederation, daily newspapers had not arrived, and the means of ad- vertising were fewer Lh now. A low handbills pasted on the walls and fences of unoccupied lots. an- nouncing s.n auction sale, a con- cert. or a horse race, were not con. sidered by some sufficient publicity, especially by the auctioneer, hence the services of John Hatch were i-uquisitioned.

”The Procedure was somewhat like the following: The crier would walk down the middle of the street

the

ringing a bell, then would stop and

ye! To be sold by auction on Mon- day, the 10th of June, at. eleven o'clock, in the foreman. on Pownal Wharf, a cargo of lumber. consist- ing of there followed the list.) Terms liberal and made known at sale. Wiiliani Dodd, Auctioneer. God Save the Queen?

"The small boys on the street: would sometimes follow poor old Hatch and tease him with inter- iected remarks during his announce- ment: as when '0 Yes? was about to be called, they would shout lwere you ever in jail7' '0 You would follow by the crier. when the old fellow would stop and chase the boys.

i

beat Rouella in Nova Scotian wat-

NOTES BY

A: compared with our ancestors. we are thought of as I jittery, ..,.-oil-the-handle crowd-and yet just think of the international in- cidenu we managed to keep calm about that would have sent them into a shooting war by morning.

-Winnipeg Tribune.

Often it. in said that nobody back; 9. man into a corner and compels him to drink his liquor. But. that has happened. In a California town a gunman held up two men, rob- bed them, compelled them at the point of a revolver to empty a bot.- tle of whisky in six minutes. When they came to life some hours later .he robber had long since dis- appeared. -Ottawa Journal.

-The tragic cnpslllng of the tow-

ers is another reminder in an al- ready long list. of marine accidents, great. and small, that the power of the sea. is always close, and some- times perilously no, to the men who earn their living from it.. The sea. as it has been said, is a hard mistress, and sometimes I. danger- ous one. Yet she in also a fascinating one, and no man who has known her in any of her bewilderingly changeable moods can ever fully escape her spell. While she must be served with respect. she com- manda also a devotion which in dif- ficult of understanding to anyone who has not; the salt. water in his veins. -Halifax Chronicle Herald.

British manufacturers are doing 8. big business in pre-fabricated buildings; not. only houses but large buildings. And not only of wood, but of aluminum. The man- ufacturers built war planes, and the same assembly methods used then are applied today in the con- struction of aluminum houses. town halls, auditoriums, hospitals, schools, telephone exchanges, tel- ephone kiosks pithead baths, op- erating theatres. and for I num- ber of other purposes. Al these fabricated buildings go to many countries they have to be prepared to meet all kinds of climates, but generally speaking, they are expect- ed to stand up for 60 to W years. The various parts fit. in with the

TOPS in tangy taste!

Banfrowui

PREPARED

MUSTARD

"The Hatch family lived in A small apartment in the east. end of the Temperance Hall (the present Guardian office). It consisted of John, the cri-er, and his very aged mother. They were both old when I was I boy. Mrs. Hatch used to .-attend divine service in the old Wesleyan Chapel, and was dressed in black with a 'poke' bonnet ex- tending several inches from her face. During the sermon she would express her feelings by piounly wac- ging her head from side to aide- the motion of the bonnet being ex- pressive of her appreciation of the preachers remarks"

-From "Memories of Long Ago." i930. by the late Mr. Ben- tamln Bremner.

much of the forest cover of Britbh water-I sheds was stripped in the course of fight-

ing two world wars.

0 O I

There is political realism in the state- ment of British Minister of State Anthony Nutting that Britain might become involv- ed in an attack on Formosa because Na- tionalist China is A nicmlicr of the Unitoi Nations. Canada. too. is ii U. N. member and would have to consider very seriously an appeal from any fellow member suffer- ing from aggression. That fact is all the more reason for taking every possible pre- caution against aggression being tried.

' The Age Old Story

whosoever therefore nhnll humble himself an Ihln little child. the nine II the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. And whom shall receive one such little child In my name recelveth me.

('.Al'AllL!: FARMEI

TORONTO (CF) - Here for A Wuim-ii's institutes meeting. Mus R. A. Birrcll of Claremont, Ont.

said women can manage a farm-

Jusl as well as men. since her husband's death she has mnnaqei I 170-acre farm. doing all her own

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THE WAY

same accuracy that. used to go into the making of it combat lighter or a bomber. They are not only easily erected, but cheap and sturdy. Last year British expoits of pre- fab: were valued at about. &30,u00, 000. 4t. Thomas Tunes- Journal.

-Four nrisgc owner: and operator: in Owen Sound advertis- ed a free check-up service to car owner: in order that motorists might. be able to display on their Windshields stickers which would indicate that their vehicles are in good running order - that brakes. tires, muffler, windshield wiper, lights and other vital parts are in good mechanical condition. If the car does not pass this test, the owner is advised to have the neces- sary work done, in order to qualify for A safety sticker. Four weeks later, only 150 such stickers had been issued by the Owen sound police department. Truly a notori- ous record, and an indictment of the thousands of car owner: in this district. -Owen Sound Sun-Times.

-Many people think there in too much shooting by the police nowadays. The person: whom the shot: are designed to stop He usually young fellow: who have

stolen, or are suspected of stealing, a. motor vehicle. It. is, of course, 8. thoroughly reprehensible offence, but should the penalty be death, or the risk of death? It will be argued. as against this, that often the young chaps bring death upon themselves by trying to escape at 90 miles an hour. and meet disaster even if no shots are fired at. all. while the police are chasing them, That draws attention to another phase of the situation. Those chases at H) or 90 miles an hour, some- times acrou busy thoroughfares. endanger the lives of innocent peo- ple. Are there too many pursuits of that kind, as well all too much shooting? -Toronto Star.

Pm 4 TIME!-erdlan

. "I he Passing Scene

I5! Observer

THE LAST GREAT

l.o.d lseavuiurook will not mind anyone! saying that his niche in British history will be that of the last, great Imperiallst. His long record as a. champion of Empire in fast becoming a legend: and, wimal, A classic and heroic legend. As he steps into semi-retirement. he sees that. his mission of "a united em- pire bound in common purpose" is unfulfilled. This. to him, is ll mat.- ter for deep regret.

His disappointment over the turn of events during the last thirty or forty years can best. be ascertained by reading the following excerpt from his preface to the annual re- port. of the newspaper syndicate which he has headed for almost four decades and which he built into what. is probably the most in- fluential press organization in the world:

"Rewards are but shadows. The triumph that I sought was not. in newspaper group of dominating im- portance. but a united empire bound by political and economic ties. Now, after four decades, mis- erable and wretched governments- Liberal, socialist, and Tory-have brought us to a disintegrating em- pire with B ruthless liquidation of imperial int.erest.s. And at the very moment of our degradation ou.r country is involved in disa.st.rou.s commitments in Europe, separation us from the domlntons and from the joint. obligations we formerly shared with the United States of America. Our cause has failed. But. another generation may yet redeem us, for our ideals are imperiali- able."

0

It. all sounds very gloomiv; and many who read it. will say that Lord Beaverbrook is unduly pessi- mistlc and that, in any case. the historical events which led to the "disintegration" of empire were such that no government-Liberal. Socialist, or Tory-could have hin- dered in the slightest degree. even if it. had been made up entirely of men like himself. The hi5t,oriima- they may be right or they may be wrong-seem to agree that it. was not arxv political party or my oom- binatlon of parties that was re- spcinsible for whatever liquidation of imperial interests tlmt has taken place. but. rather the political vis- ions of men the world over: vis- ions which Britain, more than any other nation on the face of the earth, helped to fashion.

Sir Winston Chiirchill said only a few years ago that. he had not. become the luiufzls first. minister in nrder to liquidate the Emplru

Yet, shortly after that, when a Socialist Government. almost: hut.- lly gave India the right to go her own way, he made no audible pro- test, nor did he show by any gas- ture that he was opposed to the historic change.

That. doesn't mean that he Aud- denly had become an Empire breaker. It. means simply that he saw the uselessness and the polit- ical folly of kicking against the gems of political evolution. Indira complete 'ndependence was bound to coma, with or without. Britialnll blessing.

O O 0 All that. notwtthstaiidlne. there is no man alive wise enough or

prophetic enough to say with cer- tainty that Lord Beaverbrookb al- most. lone stand for the continu- ance of empire will turn out to have been unjustified, More than once in human history a prophet has stood alone in decrying what seemed to his contemporaries to be inevitable; and whatever one may think of Lord Bpaverbroolfs polit- ical views and aspirations. there in no denying that his place is among the prophets. He has named the right to sit in that place which, traditionally, has been a combin- ation of mysticism and ahrewdness.

IMPERIALIST '" (Even the Old Testament propneu possessed both qualities in abou equal proportion.)

Dlslntegraiioii. whether of Em. pire or of any other created soc. ieuy. is not. necessarily a good thing because it happens to have been unavoidable, or seemingly so, It is much too early for even this wisest among us to look at. the events of the past. few years with any satisfactory perspective. No one knows yet. whether the transition from Empire to Commonwealth- nsaumlng that the Commonwealth will stay in it La. which is by no means certain-will enrich or im- poverish the political and social life of the world.

It is, however, significant. that Professor Toynbee, in his historical works, seems to be of the opinion that, had the British Empire con. tlnued in its lBt.h century form, it. might have constituted I. pow. erful force upon the present United States-Riissia power rivalry. Ap- parently, he doesn't. think the Com- monwealth system is. from that standpoint, nearly as promising,

It. is, of course, possible that m. loose and uncertain comb Lion of Sovereign States which we call the Commonwealth may in due course evolve ever further or, at. any rate, in another direction, and come eventually to A point where a. com- mon purpose, mechanized and sun- talned by common legislative voice, will provide even more strength than that. which has been supplied by the legally-based Empire which, for all practical purposes. hu been liquidated.

Evidently, that in liha one ro- malnlng hope of Lord Beaverbrook. the last great. imperialist. Thou who admin his consistency and hll dedication to what. he believes to be true and good will wish that. in will be spared many you: in which to plead the cause of Common- wealth unity. Already, by provid. ing acholaralaipe for that pm-pogg and by propagating his message by every means at his command he has rendered unappraiaablo ser- vice to the ideals which he believes to be imporlahcblo.

BUSY TRAFFIC

An all-time record ol 8!,4D0.0IlI tons of freight moved through Cun- ada's canals in 1953, oompand with 18,800,000 in 1938.

H CANADA'S FINEST ClGARETTE

I

Merry Christmas 1934

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