vvv :- vi-.-.-v - 1--a... . .-
2 i 3
runsoar. iiuv at. 1951
Heavy Reduction
There is no longer any room for speculation on the effects of the United States "give-away" program on this country's export trade, especially in wheat. Proof that the effects are bad has been established.
According to a report recently published by the Bureau of Statis- tics. Canada's wheat exports in the ten months of the current crop year declined by l?l.'3(li),tltlll bushels to 213.-ltltl,0()(), compared with 2514.- 600,000 in the similar period last year. At the same time. American l shipments rose by lS;l,.3llll,tillt) hush- els tn -l3l.2ttti,tl(itl. The previous year's exports amounted to 26T,Ttlil.- 000 bushels.
It is possible. of course. that other factors had something to do with this heavy reduction in Cana- dian exports: but the chief factor, undoubtedly, was the current Ameri- can practice of selling wheat for the currencies of the importing COUN- ries on long term credits, Unless ' some agreement can be worked out between Canada and the United States-which appears unlikely-the situation will get worse instead of better. from the Canadian viewpoint. It stands to reason that countries which can procure. say, 2520 million . worth of wheat in exchange for
'7 their own currenciestare going to . i .be ready markets for bigger amounts i in the future. In fact, the securing iii of future markets, at the expense i of Canada and other exporting
' countries. is the chief aim of United States trade policies-'-that. and the apparently inflexible determination to get rid of the big surpluses by every means available.
. German Militansm
it Following both World Wars at- tempts were made to destroy or render impotent what was called "German militarism” which was supposed to have been the cause of
ii I ' most of the nation's troubles and
i" most of the world's agonies. After it it the first war. not much headway ' l was made. In fact. some historians
profess to believe that the emphasis " that was placed on the campaign merely helped to bring about the rise of Nazism.
It is a bit too early to say what effect the anti-militarism argument has had since the end of the second war. All that is known is that the new West German army was estab- lished on the "citizen in uniform" concept, which is as foreign to Ger- man tradition as anything could be. But reports coming out of Germany would seem Vi indicate that all is not well. The publisher of a paper which is campaigninil openly for a revival of the old standards said recently that ”the majority of Ger- man soldiers are already tfed up' with reformist ideas. They believe that a soldier must be a soldier and not half-soldier and half-civilian."
If that is ttuc--and it probably is-it means that either Wcst Ger- many eventually will have to be per- mitted to build its forces in its own traditional manner or it will be a half-hearted ally of the West. It was really too much to expect that a . : country which for a century. despite . its failures and defeats. had the ntrongest military machine ever known would suddenly take kindly h a "citizen" army.
Smoke Treatment
frcnngtime to time. word comes &a of interesting new ex- -t kingrlcuttux-e.1'hus. a ne- ' front the Crimea throws Ilptrhnents in the feeding i Q lnohc
I" Instance. the burning of " - t h reported to have
from the untreated fruit: of lie ran! variety. The results are achieved by subjecting the vines to smoke treat- ment for half hour periods when the fruit is beginningto form, thus obtaining both better quality and higher yields.
Discounting the growing tradition of Russials superlative excellence in research. these discoveries appear to have been largely accidental. They came as a result of experi- menting with new methods of pro- tecting lemon groves from frost. it was discovered that not merely did the dense smoke cut heat losses. but it gave the plant a good meal of phosphoric acid which was assimi- lated through the leaves.
In California and Florida, the smoke pot as a protection against frost is a familiar device: but no one. seemingly. had thought to study the incidental results in improved quality of the fruit.
Comfort. For Israelis It is reported that. with the blessing of the United States State Department, Prime Minister Nehru of India has been trying to persuade President Nasser of Egypt and other Arab leaders to take a less belligerent stand towards Israel over its claim to a right of way through the Suez Canal and the Gulf of Aqaba. This is seen in some quarters as likely to give rise to a better relationship be- tween Israel and the Arab world. It is also regarded Am a sign of a more amicable view towards Israel on the part of India whose government hitherto has been more pro-Arab than pro-Israel. Doubtless. this turn of events will give some comfort to the Is- raelis. who ever since the founding of their State in 1948 have been struggling in both peace and war for recognition of the right to exist. But when all is said and done, what- ever measure of international re- spect may come to them in the future will be the result of their own pluck and determination. Had they not been constantly on guard to protect their sovereignty and pre- pared to sacrifice for the good of the nation. they would long since have been exterminated or enslaved .hy hostile neighbors. , Israel's defiance of totalitarian assaults is one of the finest ex- amples in moderen history of the basic strength of democratic institu- tions.
EDITORIAL NOTES
An English doctor has referred to school examinations as "a savage survival of tribal initiation rites." Most youngsters will agree with him in principle, although they may not use quite as strong language.
a u a
Queen Mother Elizabeth is doing a lot of travelling in the interests of Empire and Commonwealth. Hav- lng just returned from an extensive tour of certain African areas. she is now considering a trip to Aus- tralia in late 1939 or 1960. No doubt, Canada will be on her list in due course.
I I I
British Foreign Secretary Lloyd told the House of Commons that an agreement for banning nuclear wea- pons ”would not be worth the paper it. was written on. since neither side would believe that in the ultimate recourse the other would not use the weapons it possessed." lie is probably right. But what a sad com- mentary it is on what we call our "civilization"!
. I: an in
Dr. John Kc-yston, new vice- chairman of the Defence Research Board. does not believe in the exist- ence of flying saucers because, as he put it, "it would be incredible to think that spacemen came Mthin a few feet of earth and did not land." It is possible. of course, that they got all the information they needed without landing and went so disgust- ed with the way enrthtnen bnhavc that they left in I huff.
n I I
some political observers are In
Mr. St. Launenfr
i 3 if g: ii
GOOD POLICY
No matter what other differenc- es there may be between the Con- servative government and the Li- beral opposition. they are agreed on one paramount topic: some- thing must be done to improve our present precarious trade position.
Th at means specifically two we must correct our un- favourable balance of trade with the U.S. I we are mortgnging our future year after year to pay that -hill-. and we must sell more what more quickly 4 on some Prairie farms six year old wheat still lies unmoved. unpaid for and now rot-
Pearson might have had exactly these points in mind when he recently warned I San Francisco audience: our exports to the U.S. can be increased. Canada will obviously have to take some remndial ac-
Prime Minister John Dicfenbak- er says that we must. switch 15 per cent of our present purchas- or from U.S to the British market. U.S. PLAYS WRONG ROLE
The basic difficulty is caused by the fact that Uncle Sam will not grow out of his economic. diapers. ilc stew auuslomed to being I debtor nation during the 19th cen-
OTTAWA REPORT Precarious Trade Position
By Patrick Nicholson
tury. when he encouraged foreign development capital just, as we are doing now. But that era ended during World War I: it was left far behind when Britain stripped herself of her U.S. Investments in 1939-1941 to buy armaments to keep at bay the aggressor: whom Uncle Sam had no time to notice.
Today Uncle Sam is the world's richest creditor nation. but he still insists on behaving as if he owed money to the rest of the world. A creditor nation must agree to ac- cent a surplus of import: from its debtors: that ll the only way they can pay their debts. But instead. the U.S. hedge thcrnsclvu around with trade barriers. custom: de- ceiu and double-talk. and go on exporting half as much again as they will admit through their trade barriers. -
Our position is made enpeclnl ly rough by this U.S.nttltudc.We -are buying from U.S. machinery to boost our development; we are also buying U.S. consumer goods nnd luxuries on an unprecedented 'ncnlc. Our trade deficit hu conse- quently grown to IIJJO million per year. Ahd yet our possible ex- porters find one difficulty after another raised against their pro- ducts. whether they are fish sticks
"Union
The Mnrilimes' economy is hurt. lightly. by the strike that has tied up vessels of Can- ly. adinn National Stenmshlpa at Hall- fax and Montreal since early this
it": time the Federal Govern- vigorounly to bring about a resumption of CNS activ- lty. The problem is of n.-nature that should preclude I sense of hol- iday home in Ottawa. We cannot afford the hiss the strike causes
For one month. an essential now of commerce between Canada and the Caribbean has been stopped. a UIOWIY flow of trade In which Nova Scotia figures importantly. is blocked. it is n commerce we mtght not regain unless these ships A prolonged could cause irreparable damage.
This is the situation: The islands of the British West Indies. and Cu- ha. and British Guiana on the South American mainland. have been de I . nchcd a point of national emer- penrling on Canada for manufac- tured goods. and hue products of our fisheries and agriculture, for
Government Should Act
Cape Breton Post
which they will turn elsewhere uti- Ieu they get them from us quick-
BIIIPS TIED UP
in Halifax three ships are tied up and in Montreal five, with conse- quent unemploy...u.. of far more than the no seamen on strike. it in n stoppage that involves 21!) oth- er ahips' peraonnc.-I. ntcvedores. -varehouau. and railways and many other people. it hits Nova Scotln hard.
When negotiations between the strikers and the steamship com- pnny failed. a conciliation board was appointed by Ottawa. a board that brought down a majority re- commendation that Canadian Na- tional accepted and the union re- jected. The consequent stalemat drcnrily continues. '
in a matter of this nature involv- Ing rnllwny strikes. the Govern- ment has stepped In firmly to end deadlock. This prolonged strike has
strike
gency justifying action as deter- mined as has characterized Gov- ernment intervention in rnllway
Since.-the election upset in June,
. Now Just A Minute!
Toronto party in Saskatchewan in mu; it
In Parliament: it abandoned soc-
Liber- nu. r.u.ungaann baa vnln-nbhflvlnd. Q1II.Q&.'I'IfII aI.af0nvls.TbnI'n 'K&dMIdI. SIIIQIILG
IF it
or oil or farm products or manu- facturcs.
On the other hand. if we were to buy more from Britain, we would thereby provide Britain with more dollars, which she would then spend on our products, such an bacon. cheese, salmon and many other articles which we have in surplus supply. especially wheat.
Prime Minister Diefenbakcr talks of switching is per cent of our present U.S. purchases. That would amount to 3650,0001!!!) and that switch would exactly halve our trade deficit with the states. That switch would also add 112 per cent to our purchases from Britain. who last year spent in Canada 3330.000.000 more than we spent in Britain. That switch could mean. for ' , the possible sale of more than 350 million ex- tra bushels of wheat.
TO OUR ADVANTAGE
We have got nothing to lose by such a switch. In fact we have much to gain, becnurn no matter how much we spend in the States. we are never going to be allowed to find a market there for our farm surpluses.
This whole trade problem in the most serious facing the govern- mcng today: with many crowin- fluences and ideals at work.
Meanwhile Mr. Dielenbnkcr and - his advisers are working to create n climate of greater understanding between Canada. .n nation with rur- plunea of raw materials and of manufactured goods. and Britain. the second largest consumer buy- ing power in the world.
Powerful assistance will come to our government: campaign from nn unexpected quarter. the British government itself and leaders of British industry. Within two months a very significant but so far hush- huah step will be launched to en- courage British exportens to put more muscle into their drive to nttgact Canadians to "Buy Bri- tin ."
strikes in the past. IMPORTANT COMMERCE
The CNR ahlpa use llnllfax an a winter port and in the St. Law- rence open season they stop at Halifax to discharge and take on cargoes. in their plunge to and fmm Montreal and the Caribbean. It is n commerce likely to greatly increase, provided the ships keep moving, and as Canadian enter- prise is exerted to take advantage of trade opportunities with a grant area which is much closer to the Marltlmes than to the rent of Can- ada. It is an association of com- merce and travel in which Mar- ltimcs history has played a large part. a traditional association that should be cultivated. and in in dan- ger of disintegrating. it in import- ant that the Government act im- mediately tn do all that is within its power to restore this commerce.
t
Leisuraly Bees tlutanena-Waterloo Board)
honeybee ll a worker but the bumblebee. wllla-no" id-
,i5Ei 33.53 riiii . Zisii
ilgltglll -3 f535!'! ti; 535! I :.rii; ii
Experiment in Chicago Citodx
hlnr-mnnN.I f
E 5. i it?
began. which stated: "inoculations with poilomycliti: vaccine can be continued into the summer until
had an "increased prevnlanco of the dinenne." We also knew that about the only weapon we had to combat it was the Salk vaccine. so we made preparations for mass inoculations.
URGIID TO CONTINUE
On July 9 the state health de- partment issued a second direc- tive: "Because of the high rate of pollomyelitis this early in 1956. all physicians are urged to continue vncc-innt' as many children as possible."
And vaccinate them we did. WHOLESALE COOPERATION
Everyone coopcraled- doctors. nurses. hospitals. police. newspap- era. radio. television. all the local authorities. The only people we had difficulty with were the par- ent; of the youngsters who pro- bahly needed the vaccine most.
Undcrstandnbiy some of them were afraid that the vaccine would actually trigger an attack of polio.
Some of you parents may still be worried about this. This is one of the reasons I decided to make this report at this particular time. the peak of the polio season.
As doctors. we knew that cer- tain preparations of pertussis, diph- therln and tetanus antigens might possibly "provoke" paralytic pol- iomyelitis. if given during the pol- io aeason. Some speculated that an injection in the arm might make that arm more susceptible to para- lysis.
WIIAT RESULTS?
What did a thorough study of our mass inoculation program show? let me quote from a complete re- pon which we recently wrote for The Journal of the American Med- ical Association:
"Statistics gathered in this study indicate that there has been no provoking effect 1 triggering nub- nequem paralysis in the inoculat- nd limb) by Salk vaccine even
The Age Old Story
Whntucvcr God India It shall be forever: nothing can be put. to it. nor nnythlng inkcn from it.
.46-5" w...e-W
Wherc the far elm-tree shadows flood
Dark patches in the burning grass. The cows. cnch wttlr her peace-
ful cud. Lie waiting for the heat. to pan. From somewhere on the slope nearby
into the pale depth of the noon A wandering thrush slides leisure-
ly Ills thln revolving tune.
in interval; of dreams i hear
The cricket from the droughty ground:
The gnnnhoppcrs spin into mine car A small innumerable sound.
I lift mine eyu sometime: to gaze; The burning sky-line blinds my
sight;
The Woods far off are blue with nu:
The hills are drenched in light.
And yet to me not this or that
is always sharp or always sweet:
in the sloped shadow of my hat
I lean at real, and drain the hut:
Nny. more, I think some blessed
power llnth brought me wandering idly here: In the full furnace of this hour My thoughts grow keen and clear. .
-Archibald Imlilptwl OUR YESTERDAYS
from tho Guardian-Files TWINTY-FIVE YEARS AGO
w Mr. Rcndle Iowneu. The On-
tnbnnnbontnpuonunon .nndleftynnterdnywttnI
& fondwnslnn. Tbnlnfllng nnnpnrouvutnllrhnrnnns. TEYIADAO0 I . A Innpuiigtzvclnpmcntist lrnnpllycxpantg in- mhlxlnumnlr II! zap!-uh IIt.&I& d not hwlnoa'aInrmpo- Cuts.-ndn&I nuanc- ucvhulnaarln Dnrlnnnvn. an tvna-ass
AOIII I In and-. illn-
.br - r
A nun h In be coated at Clifden. G y. lrdnnd. to the place when the
Atlantic flight. by Alcock and Brown, ended. As this historic n- vcnt was in 1919 it must be said no undue haste has bun Howmm Ottawa Citizen
when given in the fncn of a rising incidence u experiucad in Chic- ago." That's what we told to doctors -and that's what I'm telling you. Yes, we knew that VII turn giv- ing the vaccine nnidst a rising polio rate. bug we decided. after discussing tho nutter thoroughly with medical socleltan and organiz- ntionz, that the risk to our people would be far greater if we did not offer them the protection nl the vaccine. The results of our inoculation program, I believe. proved In ht
rig . QUESTION AND ANIWII s.M.: Can a person have amt-' bic infection bf the liver? Answer: Yes. This in often a very serious complication of uno- bic dysentery. . The nmebn often travnlr from the blood stream to the liver and may form large abscesses which may even penetrate into tho about cavity.
Hurricane
can we hnlp you?
HYNDMAN
Thooldnntlnauranen Dial I501
It is now reported in the Insurance Press that insurance claims resulting from thin hurricane will roach u1.ooo.ooo.
Don't be caught napping-be run you are adequately insured, and that you have financial protection against windstorm losr.
CIQuannIrut
AnQnnnnnonhnunn-nu. wIr&ontIIIfntonlnsua. buynnnhndbn-arrvnuonor.
JUNE 1! to SEPT. 22 DID: from elcb terminal: 1 n.n:.. I um. 11 a.m..
I p.m.. I p.m.. a gun.
STANDARD TIME
In daily report dint CFCY on first weather broadcast
t has any and avoid delay. lnsrvationn Limited lkr particulars contact:
NORTHUMBERLAN I)
FERRIES LIMITED an-iouawwn. P. E. Isiah
llow To Make 'l'lIe Most Of Your Time
In wt. to amnsht do In time spend. us - phys- iulb and
A . j ways to nd your time nan nuoon-full”, cites 4 rule: III the most of
a day. Get your Angmt. Randal”: Digest today 3 ll'& of .lut.ing interest hduding the but from current
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