Ho A,

+

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1030 »0 ™, Provinces and United States $12.00 per annum

By Meu elsewhere in’ P.E.l. $9.00 per annum. Other Provinces and United States ‘$12.00 per annum

‘PAGE 4 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 25, 1959.

~ “Conference Prospects

-- With plans now taking shape for a summit conference on the Berlin issue, there will be fresh speculations as to what, actually, is in Premier Khrushchev’s mind. He has reversed’ himself several times on minor ‘points, ‘but his major proposals may be summed up as follows: That the

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United States, Britain and France

remove their forces frofif West Ber- lin in return for which the Soviets will remove their forces from East Berlin; that West/Berlin (but not East Berlim be made a “free city”, ” its independence and: access to it guaranteed by the United Nations; that the two Germanys, the West German Republic and the East Ger- man Communist State, then be told by the Big Four that the only way their nation can be united is by nego- tiation between themselves.

The catch in these proposals is that withdrawal of Western forces from West Berlin would not insure

- freedom to the East Berliners, who are free only to elect a Communist government; but it. would imperil the freedom of the 2,200,000 West Ber- liners, including their right to elect any government: they wish. Nor is there any evidence that the United Nations would be able to maintain the independence of West Berlin, es- pecially with a Soviet veto over the Security Council. —

There is suspicion that what Mr. Khrushchev really wants-is to get rid of West Berlin—‘a bone in his throat”, as he has called it—because it presents an open and inviting win- dow through which the East German and Eastern European people can see the freedom and widely shared pros- perity of so much of the Western world. He wants to reduce it or em- brace it as a Communist satellite.

That, of, course, isn’t what the ‘Soviet leader will talk about at any summit conference. It is one thing : ‘which the free world cannot permit. There can be no question of relin- quishing the use of access routes while Russia controls East Germany. Yet compromise on other points can be tliscussed. Some pull-back of forces is possible, and we can go as far as the West Germans are willing to go in establishing a relationship with East Germany. The free powers have indicated that they are. pre- pared to give Moscow a guarantee that if Germany attacks the Soviet block in the event of withdrawal of Communist forces, NATO will join, in the defense. That would be a good starting point for negotiation.

Power Of Disallowance

The Newfoundland situation has brought an interesting ruling by De- ‘ puty Speaker Pierre Sevigny in the, House of Commons. Mr. Herridge (CCF, Kootenay West) had tried to debate the disallowance of the New- foundland labor law by the Federal Government. Citing Beauchesne’s rules of procedure, the Deputy Speak- er ruled that the disallowance of a provincial statute could not be dis- cussed until the Cabinet had either * disallowed it or had failed to do so. The Government, it seems, has a year in which to disallow. Under the rwing, if it should void the legisla- tion during this session of Parlia- ment, its action would be debatable. Otherwise, the question cannot bé discussed until ‘after the expiration of the one year period,—that is, at the next session. According to Beau- chesne, if the Commons, adopted a resolution calling on the Government to disallow a provincial statute it would be encroaching on the powers’ of the provincial Legislatures. as set forth in the British North Amer- ica Act.

The.power of disallowance by the Government rests on sections 56 and 90 of the B.N.A. Act. It was con- tested some years ago by Alberta un- der the Aberhart administration, and was upheld by the Supreme Court. On that occasion it was ‘argued that the imperial power to disallow Can- adian laws had lapsed ‘and had_been

... declared extinct by the Imperial Con- ' ference reports of 1926 and 1930 and.

the Statute of Westminster, and that therefore the federal power to dis- allow must also have lapsed be-

ij . ;

have no greater power than his mas- ter, the King. The Supreme Court, undey Chief Justice Duff, unan- imously threw this objection out. The disallowance procedure is, in part, prescribed by the B.N.A. Act ‘and in the Instructions to Lieuten- ant-Governors. After giving his as- sent to a measure, the Lieutenant- Governor is required to transmit an authentic copy to the Secretary of State by the first convenient op- portunity. In case of emergency, the Secretary of State may request that.

out waiting for prorogation. This, --as Justice Minister Fulton has indi- cated, was the procedure followed with the Newfoundland legislation.

When it is decided to disallow an Act, an order in council is passed ac- cordingly, together with a second or-

der approving the report of the Min-

aS eee i a ees

~« particular Act be forwarded, with- |-

-—tster-Fhen,-whenrr the Actis-prociaim= ed in the Provincial House by the Lieutenant Governor, the statute, is annulled. This is the explanation of Deputy Speaker Sevigny’s ruling. _ While federal power of disallow- ance is unrestricted in law, all gov- ernments have held that it should be exercised with great caution and only in cases of necessity. In the Newfoundland case, until decision one way or the other has been reach- ed, it would seem that Parliament is effectively blocked from discussing the matter.

The Farmers’ Plight

Of all the industries affected by the exorbitant freight rate boosts of recent years, agriculture is pena- lized the most. Farmers represent only 18 percent of Canada’s popula- tion, but they pay 30 percent of the total national freight rate bill. Where they are selling in competi- tive markets, the buyers will pay only so much: This means that the higher the freight rates, the less there is left for the producers. This point is made in a recent editorial in the Windsor Star. Published in a big industrial area, the Star sees the situation this way:

“Farmers, per capita, probably are the nation’s greatest buyers. They buy everything from forks to . feed. Freight rates are a substan- tial part of the laid down cost of combines or automobiles on the Prairies. It is probably true that farmers, being both producers and consumers and thus getting it both ways, feel the impact of high freight rates the most.”

In any reassessment of freight rate burdens, therefore, the farm- ers’ plight should be given special consideration. And, of course, it is the farmers at the eastern and west- ern extremities of the country that are in the most difficult position.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Moscow newspaper “Pravda” has accused Iran of harbouring ‘‘ag- gressive designs” against the Soviet Union. Reminds us of the wolf in the fable that killed a hare in self- defence. .

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It has been made known that large numbers of trout fingerlings have been released in the Province’s ponds and streams. What a fine feast the oldtimers (trout) are going to have!

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It is no secret that some Ameri- can Government officials viewed . Prime Minister Macmillan’s visit to Moscow with some misgiving It is to be hoped that the misgiving has been dispelled by Mr. Macmillan's frank statements to the press on his Washington visit. Certainly, as he said, “to negotiate is not to sur- render one’s principles.”

2 ? ' 2

A CCF spokesman claims that a “political vacuum” has been left in ‘Newfoundland as a result of unani- mous support in the Legislature for PremierSmiallwood’s action against the I.W.A. The interference is that the CCF ought to step in and take advantage of organized labour’s dis- satisfaction with both the Liberal Government and the Conservative Opposition. They may as well forget it. Whatever may be said about Pre- mier Smallwood, no one can deny his ability to guage public: opinion. In any case, all news reports indicate that’ he has the great majority of the people with him. There are only a few hundred loggers supporting the I.W.A. position; ‘and they are scattered in a number of ridings. Their votes, even if all were given to the CCF, would be inconsequential.

*

}—Kvem-all reports, Mr. Smallwood was _ never stronger, politically, —

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+

_Frectown, P.E.1.

appreciate frcm newspaper refer-

~ ghe. We believe that the name o°

ta

-EVERYBODY’S ON THE WARPATH

OTTAWA REPORT

An Exactin

By Patrick

The sudden dea‘h of Hon. Sid- ney Smith last week made an es- pecizelly severe wrench at many hearts, because the jovial Nova Scotian was so universally liked and because he had just sailed past his s:xty-second birthday in apparently blooming health.

Sidney Smith joined the Cabi- net in September 1957 and was

PUBLIC FORUM

This column ts open toe the discus

sion by correspondents of question c.

interest. The Guardian does not rese»

sarily «n‘orse the opinion of corres pondents.

MORE DOUGLASES NEEDED

Sir,—I would like to briefly ex- press a few comments on Dr. W. L. MacDonald's letter in your issue of March 21. I think it would be much to the benefit of the Province as a whole if we had more Douglases as M.L.A.'s, and I believe we will. I am sure farmers would be much happier if they were paying more income tax. Dr.. MacDonald doesn’t seem to realize that we are pro- ducing much of his food below the cost of production.

He should appreciate the fact that there is very little Crown land on P.E. Island; and when he.is roaming around, fishing and hunting, he is on private pzo- perty and should respect it as such.-A good many are thinking that sportsmen should get per- mission first, on private pro- perty.

He must know we pay double school tax and gag tax the same as he does, 4nd a 5 cent tax on all gas used on the farm (for which we get no rebate) for road construction.

I agree with him when he says money isn't all important. I am sure his roots must be praity deep in his native Province when he forfeits a salary increace of $6,000 to $8,000. But I think the farmer is paying tco much for his individual freedom and may be forced to give some of it up.

I am, Sir, etc. ‘ ‘* ELDON DRUMMOND

INFORMATION SOUGHT

Sir.—I am writing you In an endeavour to obtain information relating to the building ani the sailing of the Brig ‘‘Prince Ed- ward”, 174 tons. I have ascer- tained that the vessel was built in. 1858 by R. Craswell, Innan- side, for the owners Messrs Has- zard Morpeth and Millner. She sailed from Charlottetown in Jan- uary 1859 under the command of my maternal great-grandfather, Captain Edward Nolan or Now- lan and reached Auckland on the 12th May that: year. The total number of people on board was V7, 2

If possible at this date I would like some in‘ormation about the builder, whether he buitt other vessels with the names of same. Also is there any likelihood of plans of the Prince Edward or a similar vessel being obtainable. Should it be possible I would also

ences of this day or other sources the reasons for the emigraticn fo New Zealand and details of the ship leaving port.

I fully understand that my let- ter is a “long shot’ but as the centenary of the vessel's arrival is now very néar I wish to ga- ther all the information possible for my family and others inter- ested. I understand a ceritenary celebration of Prince Edward Is- land was held in 1854 and could be that some of the information Pies cag was.gathered at that

e. Captain Nolan or Nowlan was not a native of Prince Edward

Island but was-born at New Ross}

County, Wexford, Eire; in the year 1810. As far as we know he married May Ann Collins about 1840-1842 in P.E.I, as their young- est child wag born in 1851 and there were 3 dauchters older than

g. Portfolio

elected to Parliament six weeks | later, From. the cloistered calm of a university, he was hurled ji

into leading positions in politics, in Parliament, in departmental administration and above all ia injernational diolomacy—a novice in all those fields. In the weeks before his election to Parliament, he used to sit im the Speaker's Gallery to listen to the procced- ings. Some of the questiens on foreign a‘ airs fired by Onocs- ition members alarmed him, as symp‘oms of the tghtrozve he woud socn have to walk, ard he let out mock groans of dismay.

Entering this strazze new world Sidney Smith had to familiarize himself with so much that was new to him. This column dever-

| @¢d the snap judgments being re- | gistered egainst the rookie. As I

watched him buffetted by the un- familiar in-fighting of Parliamen- tary committees, parrying unex- pected questions about details of

departmentzl administration, I |

was shocked at the failure of some civil servants at his side to support him with informction. However the personality and ex- perience and intellectual stature of the former university pzesi- dent soon began to tell; and the measure of his achievement in eighteen short months is the wealth of sincere tribute which Poured into Ottawa ‘from other countries after his death.

SUCCESSOR TO COME SOON?

Perhaps his greatest triumph was to demonstrate to Canadians and to our friends abroad that Canada’s position on the world stage would be no whit Iess strong and-active since Nebel Peace Prize Winner Hon. LB. Pearson had been succeeded as “Mr, Canada”. And already the speculation is rife as to who will be our new Mr. Canada, for Prime Minister Diefenbaker can- not continue to carry that extra load for long.

There is no obvious successor, as for example Paul Martin would have been the automatic and trained choice to succeed Mike Pearson in the Liberal gov- ernment. The fact that this front bench portfolio was one of the last to be filled by Mr. Diefen- baker shows the care and the difficulty involved in the choice.

The most widely favoured pos- sibility for the post is Hon. Davie Falton, the young Minzister of Justice from B.C. In 14 vears ia Parliament and 19 mon:hs in che

| tudiayy willl d=welop diabetes some- fimec im the future. | There ave about 1,000,000 known | diabe“irs im the nation, and ano tthe 1.090.099 have the disease but @at know it—vet. New casts are being discovered | at the rate of 65.090 per year. ‘great Ballin | Yet, the eutlock for such per- on eareer | BS Was never brighter. With nest. | the great strides we have made assured fature- | @ Tecemt years, we may be on pothgaers toward preventing dia- | betes. And that’s something | stiemve has been trying to do | siete even before “the good old

revit

of a liniment for com- very prominent lawyer, be euf-/ bettime arthritis or rheumatism | ranks even Finance Minister Dom / effectively? | Fleming as a Beacher of the Lew Answer: Ne liniment can be Seciety of On‘arie: the mcm whe | relind upon by itself to combat ; Started John Diefenbaker up the | ar‘bvitis or rheumatism. As an | polities! ladder. he bad the pol-| aid te <ympt-matic relief, lini- tical perspicacity te prcpese him ments contzining oil of winter for the Conservative geen, such as analgesic balm,

ca

at the Winnipeg Convettion. MO may be helpful.

years be‘ore he ultimately wen.

Mr. Welker’ is cut out te Hl the ”

post of Minister of Justice and At- MAXIMS terney General of Canada, witch

he has understudied as Pari2a- Ie mice onr decisions, we mentary Assistant; even more. be mumsf exc the brains that Cod is cut out to contribute te the hes given us. But we must also wisdom of Cabinet's work for ese eur Scaris which He also Canada. gave os.

The Red Dragor

Arther Blakely ie the Moewireal Gaz .__

Despite published reports te the tiwes would view with alarm any contrary, there is no reascm to, closer ties with R-d China. On ; | tarie and the Maritimes, with ment has made amy detisiom exe fiewrr trade advantages to gain way or another on the vit2l qut= eat Jess decp-rooted hostility to a ticn of extending Canadian digie | policy chenze, don't seem to mat.c recognition to Comeumist | care 2s much one way or the Reports had suggested that Or- | The political parties are divid- tawa had decided 2caimst amy | C4 om the issue. The eight-man such policy chance. | COF greup: favors recognition. : | Bat the Liberals, like the Conser-

All of the avanab’e evidenr®. Coin divided he | neneter. on thas , es, ate div: on ques-

e-me anada . mm.

pase ah cmaunalt im mie meet, Se Gere isn't, for that ma: er, particular- | ™e='s ely real concern seems

easious to de 20. {= be te avoid a showdown

Cabinet, he has shown himself | sponsible for the Korean tracedy- to ibe outstandingly reliable, im-| Advocacy of recugzitiea. which Aginative and able; as a Rhodes has come frem some unexpected | schclar, he would mot be ex-/ quacters.. has been based em com

celled by the permanent staff of | sideratiocs of log.c and of the |

= more saleable cormodity in “anzia’s open market.

OUR YESTERDAYS

our most intellectual dexartment. A dark horse possibility is Re-

ney Smith. He has built ep ana

image cf a quick-thinking working Minister with a facade

of grantite, never fazed by sharp- | gary

lomatic assets. NEW CABINET

Other speculation around Ot-

and that he was pilot at Charlottetown. If there are no records held in your, city perhaps some of your readers could advise where this could confirmed,

As_ I was examining a Prince Edward Island I small town or village Zealand. I would be know whether this any association with

I trust that_it will be to obtain information

eta i |

1

ete

‘Mrs. Nolan's father was Thomas | New

(Frem the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (March 25, 1934) A xspeciel meeting of the

trade advantates «Bich wth | erue. How ‘tan ¢ be iegea2! |

Sum- co-pite the

mnaxtion te ask the Provincial ‘Gov- ecmmernt te empower the Town debentures from $30,000 for permanent work. Mayer Lidstene presided with all

But trade is ‘the more coavinc- | : ing arzumest to many. j > tcee C. M. Forsythomits, Cansdiaz

} tthe Teun to purchase land for

ed out that Canadies trade with 72 2 P8T* Communist China, which ameuxt- { Comapasist Chine, which amount | Mr. Tid McEwen returned to

jis home in Charlottetown on

4 Bia s the | Merside Town Council was h tafeen : cae te Bm Sen tm ack the Provincial a

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i iz age

youngsters. Kitchener-Waterloo Record

We have often felt that the

can also afford a wristwatch, surely. Once the clock breaks down, it is seldom repaired and sits there, a prime tar, for any gadget fiddlers who get into

“| the front seat.—Kingston Whig Standard

Like the owner of the swear- ing parrot who covered her bird on Sundays, British railways cov- er the “Gentlemen” sign at Lynn station when royal passengers arrive. The sign is at the top of Platform 2, the platform which is used by such passengers. Apparently the authorities cover the sign to prevent it figuring in photographs taken of members of the royal familv arriving or de- parting. —Lynn, England, News and Advertiser

“The emphasis en security means that no political party in Canada has any chance of suc- cess unless it promises to give everybody more money by tak- ing wider control of our lives,” declared Professor Marcus Leng to a meeting of Retail, Merchants. What an indictment of Canadian democratic freedom that is. And yet, is not the professor right?— Fort William Times-Journal

Some Winnipeg school trustees apparently believe, with the Mik- ado, that the punishment should fit the crime. Many Winnipeg school yards are littered with paper, cigarette butts and» other assorted garbage. The cure, ac- cording to the trustees, is. to have the students themselves clean up the grounds.—Winnipeg Free Press

The Age Old Story

Forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth unto those things which are be-

dashboard clock is a rather use- -tess—additionto—most—cats._Most- drivers who can afford an auto:

®

e in

its northern regions.—Butalo Evening News

Is IT I?

As I sit at His table and take up

The broken bread, the wine with-

_ in the cup,

I hear a voice so strangely calm, so nigh:

One shall betray! I ask: Lord, is it I?

Time holds a breath and heart- —

beats seem to stop.

As anguished eyes fix on the damning sop;

Unease and fear Mit down the aisles of thought;

oe cency becomes undone,

istraught. To whom I give—'tis he! Again

my cry From arid, trembling lips: Lord, is it 1?

Let me go out when darkness stills the lea :

To find the place He knelt, and make my plea

Lest I seek out the chief priests

* and entice ;

Them for my own, a more ig- noble price.

Let this the bread, let this the cup refine

All sin and dross, each wayward thought of \mine;

Purge me of avarice, my heart enthrall

And let me speak for Him in Pilate’s Hall @ :

That I may eat and drink again without

A touch of fear, the whisper of a doubt.

—S. Barlow Bird.

Freetown, P.E.I.

The Communist Chinese have received a new lesson in what the people of Tibet mean when they say their younger leader, the Dalai Lama, ig “holder of thunderbolt.” ‘

Reports from the remote Hima- layan taeocracy says the Ti- betans, despite impossible odds,

led when word spread that the Communists were going to abduct the Dalai ’ ama, 23, whose power derives from thousands of years of religious and political history. ‘

This was the latest In a series of struggles the Communists have faced since they moved into the Ontario-sized country in 1950.

The shy, studious Dalai Lama —‘Buddha incarnate’? — fled to the Tibet-India border at that time and stayed there for eight months while tryimz to negotiate a measure of autonomy with the conquerors. Finally, assured he would retain his status and pow- ers, he returned to Lhasa late in 1951 and was greeted joyously. FAKE REPORTS

Reports favorable to the Reds have been attributed to the Dalai Lama from time to time, but it is no secret that he has been quietly opposed Yo the new regime. In effect. he has been a prisoner all along.

‘Outside Lhasa, the countryside —which towers to an average alti- tude of 16,000 feet—has,been in constant battle against the Chi- nese. Warlike Khamba tribesmen have swept up to the gates of oe Guerrilla activity has

n reported in various regions. The outside world saw the Dalai

party was given at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Fred MacQuarrie, Searletown, in honor of Mr. and Mrs. Charles B. Doull who cele- brated their sixtieth wedding an- niversary on February 18th. The presentation of a beautiful man- tle mirror was Made, and a bou- quet of American Beauty Roses was made to the bride of 60 years by her great grandchild, Bar- bara. Ann Clark of Halifax.

Uneasy Hold On Tibet

By Joseph MacSweea Canadian Press Staff Writer

Lama for the first time when the Communists permitted him te make a goodwill tour of India is 1956 for the celebration of the — anniversary of Buddha's

KH is reported that he asked permission to remain in India but Prime Minister Nehru, aa admirer, is said to have told him he could best help his peoplg by returning home.

RIVAL LINE en

Tibetans have feared that the Chinese would supplant the Dalai Lama with the representative of an ancient rival line—the Pan- chen Lamas, also “living Budd- has’”’—who was educated in China and used by the Communists for Propaganda there. ;

As god-king, the’ Dalai Lama apparently is unbearable to the Reds. His spiritual followers are to be found not only in Tibet but throughout large areas of Asia, including China.

According to believers in the Buddhist faith, when a Dalai Lama dies the living soul of Buddha transfers to the body of a boy born on the instant of the old Lr _a’s death.

to search for the boy. The 13th Dalat Lama died in

The Mongolian boy was takes to Tibet and gi by Buddhi . och Tae

dressed in gokien robes and coni- hat,