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Welcome Announcement

This Province ranks high in dairy production, and has done so for many years. We shall he scoring another, “first” in the Maritimes in establish- ing a dairy school here in connection | with the Vocational School, if pre- gent government plans materialize. This will enable prospective students from the neighboring provinces as well as from Prince Edward Island to enroll, instead of going to Ont- ‘ario or Quebec. ‘ ,

' Premier Shaw, himself a-graduate— of the. Macdonald Agricultural Col- lege, is well aware of the need of guch a school in this area, and his announcement that the project 1s being consideted will be warmly wel- comed. It is in line with a resolution de bythe Dairvmen’s_Assocla-

tion and with the hopes expressed pn many occasions by our farm or- | ganizations.

* As indicated in yesterday’s Guard- fan, the school would offer a three- months’ course in the techniques of manufacturing butter, cheese and jee cream, and would, among other things, help to meet the shortage in trained dairymen which has been a recurring problem here.

We have high hopes for this pian, if it goes through, as an induce- ment to our young people to specialize in scientific dairying as the main- stay of our agricultural economy. Potatoes and other cash crops are all very well, but it is the farm with © a few dairy cattle that is the most productive ; and the keen competition in the industry today makes train-

' ing in all the phases of production and processing more important than

_ ever before. Ss

’ Two of our former Liberal leaders,

_ the late Premier Lea and the late Premier Jones, were outstanding dairymen and upheld the need of maintaining high standards in the in- dustry on all occasions. The pre- sent Premier served under both these gentlemen as Deputy Minister of Agriculture, and was largely res-

_ponsible for carrying out their farm policies. Were they living today, we have no. doubt \ that they would

warmly welcome\ Mr. Shaw’s an- nouncement that a dairy school is be- ing considered.

We suggest that it would be a Mice gesture, if the school mater- jalizes, to have framed pictures of both of these former dairy-farmer

~Premiers placed on the walls of the classroom. They will be there in spirit in any case; and their pictures would serve to remind students’of the con-

tribution the industry has made to the Province over and above mai-

_ erial wealth, in the calibre of the men

~ ft has produced. bait \ Rebuke

_ * Under the heading “Red China _ Rebuked”, the Toronto Telegram . ‘gays that as the conscience of the - world, the United Nations General Assembly could do nothing less than deplore the suppression of human rights in Tibet. Communist: China, which is suppressing these rights, was not named in the resolution, ‘but—adds The Telegram—“the im- ‘pact was a powerful rebuke for Com- _ munism and its persistent aggres- ‘sion in southeast Asia.” Unfortunately, it was nothing of _ the kind. The resolutién not only didn’t mention Red China—it did F

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‘not even hint at the charges made ‘in Assembly debate about the brutal military assault on Tibet. It offered no help to the Tibetan people, nor did it propose a U.N. investiga- tion of the conditions contplained of. _ What was worse, twenty-six nat- dons abstained from voting altoget- “her. Canada supported the resolut- jon, but Britain, France and Belgium did not. The British delegate, Sir Pier- son Dixon, expressed distress over the in Tibet and said the inter- pnal bedy had taken the right in discussing the matter; but

ne os

howl,” declared the Panchen Lama, the Communist appointed ruler of Tibet, in a speech in the Chinese capital, made while the debate was proceeding in the U.N. Assembly.

So much for the U.N. resolution, which, far from having “the impact of a powerful rebuke”, didn’t even amount to an effective slap on the wrist. If anything, it will convince Communist China that the United Nations—from which she has been persistently excluded—amonnts to little more than an academic debat- ing society.

Turned Down A Million

Told now for the first time in print is a story f Washington about the late General George C. Marshall. It appears-that one of the . great magazines of the United States offered him one million dollars if he would write his war reminiscences | for it or allow himself to be inter- viewed in several articles. General Marshall dismissed this offer in less than five minutes. He said he was not interested in a million dollars or a personal defence. His papers belong- ed to the nation. They could be studi- ed by military experts and impartial

historians. He would do nothing to prejudge their verdict or-+o influence |

their conclusion.

This bears the stamp of true greatness. General Marshall stands forth as the only major military figure in Britain or America who re- fused to parade his record in the war. He wrote no memoirs, published no diary, made no speeches in praise

of his critics, coveted no mantle of infallability. Invulnerable in his in- tegrity, he was content. to trust his fame to his record, with its inevit- able smudge of error and its heroic tale of triumphant achievement. His- tory will record this of him as well.

EDITORAL NOTES

In a recent address at Toronto, Mr. A.R. Crump, president of the Canadian Pacific Railway, -stressed one thing above all else which disting- ~uishes the free enterprise system from others—the sovereignty of the consumer. “In the ffnal analysis,” he said, “the consumer is the boss. Under any of the séveral forms of statist society, the official is the boss.” And while the consumer may not always be right, there is greater danger inherent in a system where the all-powerful official assumes responsibilities for making economic decisions.

ae 2 ¥

An old hand at pinpointing our farmers’ problems, Premier Shaw has anticipated the threat of a re- frigerator car shortage in handling this year’s Island potato crop, and has obtained assurance from the rail- way authorities that a supply will be diverted here from Montreal, - starting at once. This is the kind of action our shippers will appreciate, for the reefer car shortage was a perpetual headache to them in years gone by. They can now rest assured that the danger has been averted for

the season.

a s *

There should be renewed interest in the study of early English his- tory as the result of a recent dis- covery at Sewerby, near Bridlington, in Yorkshire. What is believed to be a royal grave over_,1,400.yecrs old has been found, and is thought by archaeologists to be that of a Queen or Princess who accompanied the King of the Angles, King Ida, on his invasion of Britain A.D. 597 to found his kingdom of Bernicia. And as every schoolboy used to know, England derives_its-name from the Angles. \

* = s

Prime Minister Diefenbaker has given a good answer to recent critic- ism of his Government’s financial position. In the last year of Liberal rule at Ottawa, he points out, the provinces were paid a total of $689 million. The Conservatives have been in power for two years and the total paid this year to the provinces will be $1,212>-million. As for New- foundiand, payments to that pro- vince in the halcyon days of Liberal rule and bulging federal surpluses amounted to $25 million annually. The amount this year is over $54 mill- sil:

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po SM eS he!

of his own wisdom, joined in no abuse _|

4

MELTING THE COLD WAR ICEBERG

| claimed

OTTAWA REPORT _Polluting Lake Huron

By Patrick Nicholson

Very heavy damages could be | office-holders and private citi- |

sens ever to ray Sehind such 3 es awarded by a Canadian court

and won in Canadian courts by U.S. interests, if dril- ling for oil is permiited on the Canadian side of Lake Huron,

and accidental spiliages of ‘oil

shou'd occur as have done under |

similar in Lake Erie.

t is the opinion of legal advis- ers here that such damages

would be readily awarded by any

circumstances

_court-against the federal govern-

ment. Ottawa in turn would have recourse against the Ontario Government, which has _ issued leases for oil drilling on some 2,500,000 acres of the Great Lak- es. Ontario in turn would have recourse against the company or companies whose drilling opera- -tions caused the po!lution. But it

is possible that the damages awarded by a court might be st>stantially beyond the re

sources of such companies, and in that case every taxpayer in Ontario wou'd have to share the unnecessary and unwelcome ex- pense.

DAMAGES A NEW ANGLE This is the latest angle to be raised in Ottawa on the great battle to retain the purity of Lake Huron against oi! pollution. The fight was commenced less than two months ago by Mr. J.W. Murphy, Conservative MP. for Sarnia. with the enthusiastic co operation of the most distingusih- ed group of Canadian and US.

Red China's ‘surly attitude to- ward India in their border ars+ pute is new evidence of a foretga policy that is causing consider- able mystification.

Even Moscow seems to be bal- fled and disturbed by Communist China’s probing and shooting along the Indian fronticr, particu larly in view Minister Nehru’s long - standing aitempts at peaceful. coexistence.

At the United Nations, most Western diplomats freely admit they are puzzied at Peking’s thinking. A few will go so far as {29 say: it appears just plain stupid. Many say the truculent Chinese attitude is humiliating to tne Indian leader.

Nehru, in appealing for calm and reason, is obviously trying to Reep things from becoming worse along the 1,200-mile Indian-Chi- nese border where clashes be- tween patrols of the two countries have nm occurring in disputed territory for two months. Last month Moscow suggested that Peking and New Delhi try to reach a friendly agreement.

ON ACTS

At the UN, meanwhile, India supported a move aimed at seat- iag Red China in the world body, replacing Nationalist China — a move that was soundly defeated because of Peking’s suppressiou of the Tibetan people. ,

The general assembly con- demned Red China, in effect if not in name, for its Tibetan at- tion, although India’s V. K. Krishna Menon held it was a do- mestic issue which should not =" have been debated by the

Menon, who {s Indian defence

A Striking Illustration

Henry Smith Leiper in Presbyterian Life Magazine

If in our tmagination we might compress the total population of the world, now more than two and a half billion persons, into a community of 1.000 liv- ing in a single town, the follow- ing ts a picture of the contrasts we would then vividly see:

Sixty persons would represent the United States population: the cest of the world would be repre- sented by 940 persons. The 60 Americans would be receiving half of the total income of the entire community; the 940 other persons would share the remain

. Ing half

Of the Americans im the towa,

of Indian Prime.

| cruelty.” Nevertheless, “one can- | Lot argue non-interference by in-

cause. I introduced this question of

possible damages, which had not |

previously been considered, on the eve of this week's meetings ‘of the International Joint Com- mission, when the three Caned- ian and three U.S. representativ- és, appointed under the Bound- ary Waters Treaty of 1909, will gather for one oftheir periodical

discussions. The problem of the | | threat of pollution of Lake Huron

by. oil drilling was dumped in the lap of the J.C. by Mr. Murphy's

Canadian American Commit- tee on Water Pollution” earlier this- month.

In the Boundary Waters Treaty Canada and U.S. undertook the solemn obligation that waters shall not be polluted on either side to the injury of hes’th and property on the other.” With holiday resorts, as well as big city water supplies, u:zing the wa'ers on either side, this clause now assumes major significance. In accordance with this treaty obligation, the Ontario Govern- ment wrote safeguards into the licences previously granted for oil drilling on Lake Erie. But te human element ‘n drilling cannot ‘be controlled: on cnc occa dan recentiv when the oil well “blew’’, the driller

“the | Government which has sovereign

| ernments concerned.

jumped overboard and swam ashore, leaving the oil

minister, did say that India would fight the Communist Chinese 17 necessary to defend its territory

' to gushi

China’s Truculent Attitude

By The Canadian, Press

but his words were mild and carefully avoided a challenging | tore.

Menon also conceded there had | heen “‘trowdles’ in Tibet, nm cnly now but in years past as well. Changes had to take plac:, and India would like to see them happen peacefully and ‘‘with less

terfering.”’

NOT INDIFFERENT

Menon said there could be no contention that India had showr indifference to the events in Tibet. India had given refuge to the Buddhist god-king, the Dala Lama, “as was our right but not our obligation,” and to thousands of other Tibetans.

Not only India. but many. other Asian and African countries an- stained from voting on the Ti- betan issue. but a notable excep tion was Malaya, which co-spon- sored the resolution along ‘with Ireland.

This move by tiny Malaya in defying Red China—so markedly ia contrast with the Indian policy —caused much surprised com- ment in UN corridors. But Ma- laya, bordering China, has been fighting a Communist rebellion of its own for 11 years.

Rejecting ‘the argument that the Tibetan subject should be left alone lest it disturb coming ne- gotiations among the great pow- ers, Malaya said it could not “stand with arms folded to watch some shameful and flagrant acts : debauchery against human- ty.””

% would be members of Chris- tian churches, and 24 would not. In the town as a whole, abouf 230 people would be classified as Christians, and 670 would not be so classified. Less than 100 in the whole community would be Protestant Christians, and more than 230 would be Roman Cathol- ics, At least 80 people in the town would be believing Communists, and 370 others would be under

Classified as to skin color, 303 people be white and 687 would he classified as “non white.” The 60 Americans would

, never

have @ lile expectancy of W

unchecked into the waters of the lake.

A company spokesman is quot- ed as saying that ‘‘the wind was

in the rig ht direction”; so in- +

stead of fouling up the Canadian shore, most of the escaped oil blew over into Ohio. That event would have led to heavy damag-

if valuable Ohio property or in- stallations had been polluted. As it was, just beaches were coated with oil, but despite the loss of pleasure and amenity to cotteg- ers and boaters, no action was initiated. I cannot think why not.

POLLUTION INEVITABLE

An oil company has admitted that, despite all precautions, spillage of cil is unavoidable in drillings under water. The cor- rect course of action in these cir- cumstances, bearing in mind the solemn obligation of the Bound- ary Waters Treaty, is seen in legal circles here as being abund- antly clear: no drilling permits | shou'd be issued, by the Ontario

jurisdiction in this regard.

The Internationa! Joint Com- mission has merely an advisory role to the governments at Ot- tawa and Washington. As in the case of the threat of serious pol- lution of boundary waters by

municipal sewage and industrial | waste 11 years ago. it is likely! now that the LJ.C. will make) recommendations, which will be | acted upon by the various gov- | It is felt)

here that valid arcuments as to |

the, inevitad’e ootution, rather than trial followed by error, shau'd be sufficien’ to ensure

such preventive action. i years: all the other 940 would | ave-age under 40 years. Tho 60 Americans would have | 15 times as manv possessions | ver person as all the rest of the | neorie. On an average, they would preduce 16 percent of the town's total food supply, but would consume all but 1.5 percent ot what they raise and keep most of it for their own future use in expensive storage equipment.

ALWAYS HUNGRY

Since most of the $40 non Amer- icans in the community’ would always be hungry and would quite know when they would get enough to eat, the sit- uation created by this disparity in d supp ird the ex stence af vast food rescrvés becomes readily apparent, particularly in view cf the fact that Americans already eat 72 percent above the maximum food requirements,

Because of the cost of storing their surplus food, they could actually save money by giving away any excess food; but many would regard that as the danger- ous “giveaway” program of soft headed “do gooders.”

Of the community's total sup- vly of electric power, the 60 Americans would have 12 times as much as all the rest; 22 times as much coal; 21 times as much oil and gasoline;. 50 times ag much steel, and 50 times as much’ in general equipment of all kinds. Of the 60 Americans, the lowest income groups would be better off than the average in much of ‘ne rest of the town.

POOR AND IGNORANT

With the exception of perhaps 200 persons representing western Europe and a few favored classes in other areas, such as South America, South Africa and Aus- tralia, and a few wealthy Japan- ese, literally most of the non American people in this imagin- ary compressed community would be ignorant, poor, hungry and sick. Half of them would be unable to read or write,

Moreover, half of the people in this community would never have neard of Jesus Christ, or what he taught, and for what he lived and died, On the other hand, more than half would be heariag about Sarl Marx, Nicolai Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev and other Communist leaders, «

In view of these facts, it is In- teresting to contemplate that the (through taxes) spending at least $950 each year for military de fense and leas than $4 a year to vhare their Christian faith with

the rest of the peaple of the con» munity

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ting one box of cookies, she picks up three. She doesn’t get one eandy bar, she buys a box of them.

sibly a whole dozen.

As I said, she buys enough to last a week. However, often it does not last that long.

GREAT TEMPTATION

When the goodies are in the house the temptation is great to eat them. One ice cream bar no longer suffices. There’s always another one in the freezer and it’s a simple matter to get. it.

Televiewing, of course, is an accessory after the fact. It has become a national habit to nib- ble while watchiag TV.

LOSING BATTLE

By ten p.m. that fullness you felt after dinner has worn off. With commercial after commer- cial appealing to your appetite, it’s natural that you beat a path

to the refrigerator, pantry or freezer. And you lose another round

in the battie of the bulge.

QUESTION AND ANSWER A.B,: How long after the last period of a woman going through

the menopause is she safe from)

becoming pregnant? Answer: rule as to how long after the cessation of menstruation the pos- sibility of pregnancy wi‘) end. To be reasonably safe, several years without any menstrual flow should be permitted to elapse.

sh Canon

GOD LIVES IN OUR HOUSE

God lives in our house—each day He hears

Our melodies, our overtones praise,

Or hears the harsh, discordant notes that mar

The beauty of a well intended phrase.

He hears the clash of each un- worthy word

And every thought that soils the windew pare

Through which our fellows seek to find the stars

Or glories of a sun that follows. rain. 3 ;

God fashions courage from the tapestry

Of silent prayer and leads our footsteps thus

In His own strength, in His un- bounded love,

Through every peril, because He lives with us:

of

God lives with us—He sees our earlthy house;

The windows tarnished with the smudge of doubt,

And knows the unswept corners where the dust

Cf selfishness tracks thither and about..

If He finds webs of fear and scars of greed ~*

Where discontent has led our feet astray:

Mf hope lifts not the latch of ev- ery: -door, a Can God be proud to live with us

each day? Ren-w. each room with tints of kindliness ;

Cleanse thresholds from the sully | United States harboring aggres-

of unrést

That othes may share in the |

happy thought: God lives-in our house, a daily

guest.

—S. Barlow Bird _Freetown, P.EAI.

OUR YESTERDAYS —

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (Oct, 29, 1934)

Mrs. G. Ennis Smith was elec- ted president of the Ladies’ Branch of the Summerside Golf Club at the annual meeting held Saturday afternoon in the Town Hall. Other officers include vice- president, Miss F. Hunt; Secre- tary-treasurer, Mra, F. J. E. Wright. Committee chairmen are Mrs. Lee Horne, Mrs. Lecky, Mrs. J. Leroy Holman, Mrs. E. W.°Manson, Mrs. William Small- man, Miss Gladys Holman, Mrs. Hillard Muttart.

Fire early yesterday morning destroyed two barns with con- tents belonging to Mr. John Mur- ray, Rosebank, Prince County. The dwelling house also caught fire but with oF eno of

ghbors, the building Was sav- - The fire was discovered about 2 a.m. by a neighbor who was

passing.

TEN YEARS AGO (Oot, 29, 149) Rev. John Dongles, B.A. of Northport, N.S. has accepted a call t@ York pastoral chard of

There is no absolute |

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in eraft’s fabric, and then the tered fish sank. The crew of a Glace Bay schooner would have struck first and hauled the crea-

ture aboard intact. From dtr point of view the big fish was in the wrong ocean.—Cape Breton, ‘ost

The Age Old Story

Blessed ts the man that endur- | eth temptation: for when he is

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of life, which the Lord hath pro- mised them that leve him.

‘he United Church. -He succeeds Kev. J.H. McCallum who was | the minister at York for the past two years and left last week for Glace Bay N.S. where he has eccepted a call to Epworth a sine:

tried, he shall receive the crown |

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cnly course the government safely take without large increas- es in income taxes.—London Free Fiess

We were wrathed this morning. Having anthracited the furnace, abluticned in the bath room and Tepasted at the table, we agap- €a at how anyone could have

verbed: “Another western pre miered on TV iast night.” “A comedy show, which debuted... Reallv! We nearly corpsed.—Mon- treal Star

Interviewed on television, Bar- on Agostimo La Lomia told the number of the hotel room that he always reserves in Venice and went on to describe the value of his famous coin collection. When he returned to his hotel he learn- ed that thieves now watch TV, ~ too. His room had been broken ~ into, and his collection had dis- appeared.—Corriere Della Sera, Milan

MAXIMS

Happy people are those whe are producing something.

| like other Latin American rulers

ing the United States as a whip- ping boy.

The trouble: Cuba doesn’t have enough money. ‘ :

There are frequent! reposts these days that Castro's austerity economics are causing discontent among peasants and workers, most of whom nevertheless re- main his ardent supporters. Bus- inossmen are feeling the pinch of import controls, new taxes and fewer tourists.

Having tossed out dictater Ful- gencio Batista 10 months ago, CaStro pledged that a social and economic revolution would follow to raise the pitfully low standard of living of most of the popula- tion. f

Castro’s three - year guerrilla war against Batista had already | upset the economy—tourists were | staying away and the country's | gold and dollar reserves were dwindling

COSTLY REFORMS

None of this has changed. There is not enough money to pay for all the reforms Castro | wants or has startéd. Unemp!oy- ment is widespread despite big school and public works building programs.

The Instituteof Agrarian Re

agency that takes over large farm holdings, splits them up’ and distributes them among the peas- ants. Because the peasants have

finance them.

People are reported to grumbling over new taxes on beer and rum and food imported from the U.S. £

Sugar is the backbone of about a quarter of the island's in- come. Some men in. the sugar in- dustry are worried that less will be grown by 1961 because farm- ers are reluctant to continue re- planting when they fear their land will be expropriated

Fidel’s charges about the sors and permitting their planes to take off from Florida to “bomb

Castro Is Short Of Cash

By The Canadian Press

Fidel Castro is in trouble and| the defenceless city of Havana” ' ring a little thinly. r

when they have troubles, he’s us- |

Castro supporters, although often forestalled, often set ‘out from Florida loaded with arms for the fight against Batista. Then as now, Washington tried to discourage gunrunning in the unstable Caribbean.

And Fidel doesn’t think it fair that. the U.S. should take in Cuban political exiles while he’s boss in the same way as when Batista ran the country.

He blames Washington for Cuba’s money worries, saying the U.S. plans to cut the Cuban sugar quota and wreck the eco- nomy. In fact, say American of- ficials, talks on sugar quotas now going on in Washington are tak- ing place in a friendly atmos=% phere. .

The anti - American campaign ~ in Havana keeps excitement at a high pitch and distracts attention from economic troubles. But it isn’t earning any foreign ex- change.

form needs millions. This is the}

little money, the institute has to |

be

Cuba's economy. It provides |

AUCTION

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