QCIOEER 5- l?!’

TH_F_'_ CHARIXYITETOWN GIIAPHIR\'

i- N EWSY

NOTES -

B: AGRJCOLA

TIIE NORMAN .NVi ION I066 (3;

Tm Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, which devotes a good deal of space 1,0 tiie character" of the Norman willitun, gives is very little about "m; of Harold. Courageous he was, 5lllt‘!‘ he limb filly led the attack m the Norwe :an army, and we find that lie was humane iii deal- mg wnh the captives after the battle was won. The two sons of the Norwegian King. their Bishop, the Earl of Orkney and all those who survived the fight. were p51»- niillctl to return home in twenty. four shllJ-i- Bflfllvdeaviiig "they went up to 0111' King and took oaths that they would ever main. Sank faith and friendship unto the an .

The English army needed rest gttergthe long’ forced march and the bitter fighting; the men began l0 disperse to their honids, for be. iiig u kind of militia it was diffi. cult to keep them together. "To uscmble such a force was to bring labor to a standstill,“ says Green, Harold liad barely entered York_ whore he proposcd to rest awhile- vrrcn a messenger hurried into his rcselice with the news that Wil- IIain liaxl crossed the ChanneLiand- ed at Pcvensey. and was ravaging the coast with the object of fore. lng an engagement. There was llJllllllg for it but to make another" forced march southward. calling lino the ranks all the uien ivltliin rcari1._Harold reached London and XtWILlltlIlg more men there, liastely pissed on southward toward the coast. On a spur of the Stissex p. i y, near Hastings, he ‘d his standard‘ arid await- cri the attack. The position was well chosen; ii. covered London, and threatened William, who was forced to call in his raid- ing parties. As these bands were his only means of procuring food ho was obliged to attack or starve

ilaroldfls men meanwhile dug a trrnrh, boiiiiid which they erected g breast-high Stockade. On their right a stretch of marshy ground offered an impediment. to the cavalry on which William chiefly tvliod: on the loft ~-tho most ex- pnwi pnsiiinti -~llarolci grouped his holly-guard or hits-curls. in com- plete airnor, and wielding huge bat- tie-axcs, the favorite weapon of the English at that date. The rest of the ranks were half-armed country- mcn, hastily summoned to fight a- uunst. tho invndcr. Harold and his rothors lnofivin and Gitrtii, took up ihcir position under the royal standard, the Golden Dragon of ivossex, on the exposed left wing. William began the battle by ord- cring the footmen-mercenaries from France and Britanny to attack the wings, while he fhroiv tile Norman horsemen against the centre. In frontrode the minstrci Taillsfer chanting the “Song of Roland," and as he sang he threw his sword into the air and caught it again. "He was the first to strike a blow and he was the first to fall." ob=erves.. the historian. Tho charge was halt- ed bythestockadc. across which the English struck and thrust, with cries of "out, out!" The mounted knights gave way before the fierce defence; and on the flanks the footmen were repulsed with heavy loss. But Duke William's blood ans up. and he rallied" his men again and again to the charge. ‘The stockade stood firm. 7710a from the Breton footmen, entangled in the marshy ground to the left, a. cry arose that the Duke was slain. Panic. spread through the army, till William. throwing off this hel- mct that all tnight soc, shouted "I live! I live! and by God's help I will conquer yet!" With headlong fury he rote at the stockade where his horse was killed under him: springing to his feet he struck down Gurth, the King's brother, iviii; his h-cnvy mace. A horsemen rolsed to give up his steed to the Duke, who struck him from the saddle and mounted again. By now the stockade was giving way under the desperate charges of the Knights, but behind their shields the English fought. and held the Normans at bay. The long contest was still undecided when the genius of William found n way to accom- plish by strategy what force could not. I-le orxiorcd his cavalry to folszn flight, and foraciful of Harold's orders to simd firm. tlic Eticlish loft ihoir tiosts in pursue. The mis- take was fatal: William lurnod on his pnrsucrs. rut tin m to pieces, and occupied tho central cround of the English lino. Now tiio mercenaries assaulted tho wigs. but the group round tlio siavtlwrd. lod by Haroli and Iocfwin. s d stubbornly at. bay- Tiio Ila ‘fifty p'c‘ti':es

.x the Eivzlisii ilf'."ll‘lif‘.’l from t'.\'n std-es".

by bodics of Norman horsemen. anti so prolonged was their resistance. that William bronchi. up his arch- ers as a last ' source. Valor was little avnll agai st tho rain of ar- rows: and \vhon a shaft picrcrd lfa':ol""s right cyo. "lito battle clos- ed with a (IPSDTTBIO rnolcc uvcr his corpse." Ioofwiti and all tho Elli!- lish nobility pcrisliod, and iviiat re- mained of thofr mon sought. sa'ety in flight. As night fcll on that stricken fiold of Oflobcr 14th. 1056. "the Conquer-or pitched ris tent on the very spot where his rival had fallen and sate down to cat and drink among the (load.

An Ancient Prophecy

I am indebted to my friend Mr Moses Gallant of Ovslcrbed. for flit’ loan of a copy of “La Vol!‘ Ultvangelinc.“ ccniafniivt the rc- niarkabie nrophmmv of Sainte Adile She was the dauzlitor of Adalric. Duke of Alsace, and lived in the seventh century. Tho original ac- count of her vision. writ-ton to her brother. is in Latin and has bcen Dreszrved: "La Voix" 8W" B French translation of this autlien- tic document. My viva-yore French leaves a grcat deal to be ticsired. since like that of Chaucer's char- lqtcr in tho Canterbury Tail-s. i‘. smacks of "the sonic of Slratfrrd- attc-Bowe?‘ however, writing i! carer than spoaitinc in ibis 665%- and I venture to travslato the p"!- phecy on the hope that it will in- terest my readers:-

"Hearkcn, hoark-t-n. O my br0~ ther. because 1 have seen (In 8 vision) terror in the forests and on

mountains

"gtgcsause no rcg.cn of the universe I“ ever seen such disturbances. marilas come to the time when Ger- rke l’ will be celled the most war- 1“ nation of the world.

‘The time has come when p, t". Fibre warrior will arise, who will Spread’ war through all the world, ilvlilltil wnlcm the nations under arms be CB1 Mil-Christ. and who will

cursed by millions or mothers,

W°¢P1n8 like Rachel, for met;- chlldren. and will not. be consoled because their children and an that, is in their homes will have been destroyed. -

Th“ cmliluering warrior will come from the valley of the iZ§i3.°°.."...§.i.‘.".."é..“%..' "mhilmlli

. c war w undertake will be more frightful than men have ever waged, to the summit of the mountains.

"His arms will be blazing and the helmets of his soldiers will be brl-stllnz with Points which will flash llghtnines while their hands will brandish flaming torches, 1t will be impossible to number the victims of their crueltiesl

"He will win victories on land, BI- Sefl. and then in the air; we shall see his soldiers, mailed and Wlllkvd, in incredible attacks, soar into tho firmanment where they will seize the stars and throw them "Dim the towns, from one end of the universe to the other, to start great coiifiagrations.

‘The nations will cry out in as- tonishment: “whence comes his il-Tellflth? How has he been able to undertake such a war?"

"The earth will be shaken‘ by the shock of battles; the rivers will be red with blood, and the sea-mon- sters themselves, terrified, will seek the depths of the oceans, while dark tempcsts will spread desola- tion everywhere.

Future generations will be as- tonished that his adversaries, so numerous and strong. were not. able to halt the march of his victories.

"And the war will be long.

"The conqueror will have attained the peak of his triumphs in the middle of the sixth crnLh of the second year of host ties; this will be the end of the first period, that of the bloody victories. "Accept the Yoke of my dominatoin" he will say. as he gains his victories. But his enemies will not submit and the war will continue. “Woe to them" he will shout, “because I am the r conqueror!"

"The second part (phase) of the war will be. in length half of the first part: this will be called the period of diminution. It will be full of surprises, which will struggle. Midway in this phase, the small nations subject to the conqueror, will supplicato "Give us peace! Give us peace!"

“But thefe will be no peace for

these peop e.

"That will not be the end of thaw wars. but the beginning of the end; and there will be fight- ing, man to man. in the citadel of citadels. It is then that there will be a revolt among the women of his country who will want to stone him; but also there will be prodig- ious events in the Orient. (i. e., the Near East).

"The third period (of the war) will be of very short duration and the conqueror will no more have confidence in his soldiers. That time will be called the period of invas- ion, because by a just. turn of events, the country of the victor, for the reason of his impieties and injustices. will be invaded from all sides and devastated.

"Round about the mountain will flow torrents of human blood: that will be the lost battle.

"The nations will sing their hymns of thanksgiving in the temples of the Lord, and will thank God for their deliverance. Because the warrior will have appeared, who will put to flight the troops oi’ the conqueror, whose armies will be decimated by a great and unknown pestilence. This disease will carry discouragement into the heart of his soldiers, while the na- ticms will say: "The finger of God is there: it. is a just chastisement."

"The nations will believe that. the end is near, the spectre (query: sceptre?) will change hands and my people will rejoice.

"Because God is just, though at times he allows crueltles and de- predations, all those despoiled na- tions who have had confidence in Him, will have returned to them all they have lost. and something more, for recompence in this world.

"Regions without number, in which all has been given to fire and slaughter, will be saved in providential fashion by their heroic defenders.

"The region of Lutece (Lutetia;= old name of Paris) will itself be saved by reason of the blessed mountains and its devout women. However. all will have believed it. was lost.

"Then the nations will return to the mountain and render thanks to the Lord. Because men will have seen such abominations in this war, that their generations will not wish for another.

"Woe nevertheless, again in those days to those will not fear the Anti-Christ. for he is the father of those whom crime does not frighten. l-le will plan new murd- ers and there will be more tears.

"But an era of peace under arms will have arrived when the two horns of the moon .1010 them-WIVES to the Cross, because men terrified will adore God in truth, and the sun will shine with unaccustomed brightness (Ste. Odiles prophecy was first brought to the attention of the world in i917, aur- ing the Great War: and l have read that its publication was for- bidden in Germany. The trans- lation given above is almost literal. and the events it foretells closely resembr \!0 far) those of the pie- sent war. One paragraph ends - t2 the summit o the mountains. Perhaps this phrase should begin the next paragraph‘ the “Iiciem writers were weal: in punctuation. and sometime- omitted the D01’- lads altogether. However this l! l very miror point. It. will be notic- m m‘. there are three perlodsr like the “times, and time and half p time" of Scripture. which are taken to mean "two years. Pill»! 0M ygni‘, plus half a year." The war- rior who defeats the armies of Anti-

‘Tut has petrified the nations

‘early 1930's SLJPDIJLI

i

HARSHI-‘IELD.

I CONSERVATION I

A warn! cowmx or enact-war. omaons or I'll! vrrar. ISSUES AFFECTING rna uses AND Annals or NATURAL RESOURCES s! m1. LUDLOW ramuxs

snowman or wirranrowr. ‘reads the public,

(Emergency, Conservation Com.. New York).

DANGER OF WATERFOWL EXTERIVLNATION

“The waterfowl of Amer-fort are confronted with disaster." This is the opening statement of a speech given, in 1934. by Mr. W. C. Henderson, Associate Cnief of the U. S. Bureau of Biological Sur-

voy.

What has happened to the un- countable millions of waterfowl that once were so common? Why have they disappeared? Are they gone forever? Is it possible to bring them back to their former abun- rance? If- so, how?

The waterfowl of North America once teemed in all suitable places. Now they survive in numbers only in the most favorable situations, chiefly as wards of the Govern- ment. Since colonial times, they have been steadily reduced by shooting and by ruin of their hab- itats. They had already reached a dangerously low ebb when the sev- ere drought of iiic late 1920's and reproduction important Northern Great breeding area. Then, the several species

in the Plains very existence of was threatened.

Since that time. the drought has eased, and hunting regulations have somewhat restricted the kill. But the cardinal fact. rciriains that there are not enough _\vaterfo\vl to-day to utilize adequately the favorable breeding-grounds that still exist in the United States, and more es- pecially iri Canada and northern Alaska.

If our waterfowl resources are to be restored, a sufficient breeding- ing-siock is essential. No our can or does deny this self-evident fact. Shooting should be rigorously re- stricted until the broeding-stock of all species is assured: it. is obvious that the waterfowl cannot. be do- stroyed and l'f‘.'\l.0l'f‘(I at tho saint‘ time. The simple shortcut would be to suspend all shooting until the margin of safety covers all the rarer species. The more common species may survive continued shmting un- der strict regulations. hut datigcr tn the rarer sliocirs is imminent. The Government is rosponsibio for tin- perpetuation of the vvatorfmvl. ll. will fulfill its duty only if an adequate breeding-stock of all species is secured.

But the pressure for more and more shooting is insistent. Con- servation departments of the States do not. want to have the soasozi restricted, because they desire no interference with the sale of hunt- ing licenscs. They want to sell as many licenses as the people will buy. The Federal Govcrnmcnt also charges hunters a dollar" a ycai" for the privilege of killing a great many dollars’ worth of ducks It also cooperates with the Si. s in spend- ing receipts from an excise tax levied on sporting arms and am- munition. Under the lnitcr arrange- mentfiamazing as it may soom, funds SIIDPOFCTII)’ for the preserva- tion of the waterfowl arc bring spent to establish public shooting- grounds

Shootlng is also allowed on parts of areas that have been set aside in certain of the federal bird re- fuges. This travosty tciids to dc- stroy tho concept of refuge in the public mind. and obstructs real con- servation. Refuges were originally deleted to be sanctuaries. that is. havens from all danger. To take any part of them for public shoot- ing-grounds is a deception that not only cheats tho w. ‘fowl but mis-

one: perhaps the pestilence is rc- ferrcd to. Docs the union of the Crescent moon with the Cross signify Moslem aid to the British Empire? '1he inan-to-man fighting in th-e fortress oi fortresses, [IDJIILB to the "dog-lights" over London?)

TIIE APPLE MAGGOT

I have just received this letter from Prof. F M. Cannon. of the Entomological Laboratory, Char- lottetown, and l hasten to lay it

before my readers on account of the valuable, up-to-date informa- tiotn given —

‘Dear Sn I noticed in your

column in the Charlottetown Guardian a wcck or two ago that you dealt willi the apple maggot or railroad worn.

"You mentioned that method of control was to keep the drop apples picked up. lf the prac-

tic; of picking up the drops and.

destroying them is followed faith- fully, it goes a long way in keep- ing the appie maggot tinder control.

"I might. mention, however, that the use of arsenical sprays. along with picking up the drops, gives excellent results if the work is done thoroughly. The spray recommend- ed is arescnatc of lead 1 to 2 lbs to 40 gals. of water. applied when the flies are first observed, .whlch will be around the middle of July. and again two weeks later. It is very important to have the trees well covered with the poison dur- ing the early part of August. as this is the time when the greatest number of eggs are laid. By this method most. of the flies arc pois- oned before they can lay their eggs.

“This year there is abundance of apple maggot injury in almost all the orchards in the province. I have completed nn inspection of the larger orchards and 1 fcuiid only one that was free from maggots. and this one re- ceived the sprays at the proper time. In several others only one apple maggot spray was ap- plied. which probably rcdncod the infestation to some extent but was far from giving a satisfactory control.

"If at any time you would liko information on insects or insect control. do not hesitate to get in touch with me. Yours very truly. F. M. Cannon, Officer Ill Charge" (of the Entomological Laboratory").

I shall certainly avail myself of Prof. Carmen's courtesy in tho iii-

ture. and thank him in the name J 1W1, reduced their bag-limits be-l Christ is not. necessarily a Immanuel W "lqillrlng reader. ..

the only '

and by loose use of the word, tends to bring into disrepute the very name of sanctu- ary.

HISTORY OF WATERFOWL PROTECTION

In early days, no need wu felt to conserve a natural resource that appeared to be inexhaustible; so seasons and bag-limits were gen- erally unknown. Waterfowl. shore birds and upland birds were killed at every opportunity, and often in incredible numbers. Market-hunt- ing was common and exceedingly destructive. In 1870, only one State in the Union prohibited spring shooting of waterfowl, and 36 Stat- es offered the birds no legal pro- tection whatever. Even by 1912, only 18 States prohibited l ring shooting, and three States sti of- fered waterfowl no protection.

MIGRATORY BIRD TREATY ACT

Because the States gave no uni- form protection, a bill was introduc- ed in Congress, in 1904, which would have placed the protection of migratory birds in the hands of. the Federal Government. This bl‘.l failed to pass. In 1913, a migratory bird law was passed. giving the Departmentof Agriculture the pow- er to fix closed seasons during which it would be unlawful to cap- ture or kill migratory birds. Under this authority, seasons were _de- fined that eliminated spring- shooting everywhere in the United States. Challenged in the court-s. the 1913 law was declared uncon- stitutional in three States and two Federal courts. It was under con- sideration by the U. S. Supreme Court. when superseded, in 1918, by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. the constitutionality of which has been upheld by the Supreme Court.

Tins Act was based on a treaty ratificd, in i916, by the United Stat- cs and Great Britain acting for Canada. It originated in a wide- spread‘ demand by the people that effective Federal action be taken in the field of bird protection, in which the apathy, selfishness and conflicting interests of the States had blocked program. The Act pro- tocicd migratory game and insec- tivorous birds in general, and cer- tain migratory non-game birds, 356 species in all. But many valuable birds were excluded from protec- tion, as for instance, the hawks. Upland game birds, with the ex- ception of doves, were not includ- od, and still remain wholly within the jurisdiction of the States.

But the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. is at least potentially, the most adequaio scheme for the pro- tection of birds that. has ever been put. into effect. The Act, makes it. unlawful to hunt. capture, kill, pos- sess, sell purchase, or transport at any time. or by _any means. any migratory bird included in the terms of the treaty, except as per- mitlod by regulations which the Secretary u- Agriculture is au- thorized and directed to adpt, and wnicn become effective when ap- proved by the President. In 1939. the Bureau of Biological Survey was transferred to the Department of the Interior, so that now. im- dcr the President, the Secretary of the Intel-or is responsible for the welfare of migratory birds.

TIIE MIGRATORY BIRD TREATY WITH MEXICO

The Migratory Bird Treaty Act was amended, in 1936, to wver the terms oi a treaty with Mexico that was ratified in 1937. These amend- ments do not affect the protection given in the United States to birds protected by the treaty with Can- ada. The treaty with Mexico gives protection to a large number of birds, including 93 species not. pro- tected in the treat-y with Canada. The trams of the treaty were kept secret until ratified by the U. S Senate. When published, some of the provisions came as a sad shock to conservationists. This treaty twice emphasises the use of birds for sport, food, commerce industry. making it appear that protection was not the prime incentive. It further provides for the capture alive of migratory insectivorous birds. thus safeguarding the Mexi- can traffic in cage-birds. Like the Canadian treaty, it does not protect the hawks and owls. It excludes from protection numerous kinds of. ' sir-eating birds protected by the Canadian treaty. Althouih $116 treaty with Canada provides for a ~-continuous closed SEMOD-On-mblb shore birds. the shore birds are given no specific protection by the Mcxian treaty.

The Moxican treaty gives scant. consideratoln to the waterfowl. Un- der this treaty. the waterfowl may be shot during an o season of more than six moni: s, thus ex- tending to Unitod States gunners the privilege of further slaughter after the close of the season in this country. Although baiting and the use of live decoys is now pro- hibited in the Unitod States. the only restriction on unsportscnanlike practices in the Mexican treaty is the prohibition of hunting from aircraft. Regulations made in strict accordance with the treaty could be very destructive to the groups of birds it is ostensibly drawn to protect. It is fair to say. however. that waterfowl are not being killed at present in very large numbers in Mexico.

RESTRICTIONS ON SHOOTING

In spite of the protection given by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. the waterfowl continued to de- crease. Seasons were still long, ap- proximately three and a half months in individual states, so that the birds in their flight from north to south were subjected to n. con- tinuous bombardment during five to seven months. Bag-limits were high. twenty-five birds a dav. with possession-limits almost unknown. By i920, olovcn States. alive to the dantgrr that threatened the water-

Weekly Live Stock "

Market Report

OTTAWA, Canada -- September 26. 1940.

8 UMMARY

The downward trend which com- menced in last week's cattle mar- ket was carried through into the current trading session. Under very dull and draggy trading. prices as a rule receded about. 25c and some transactions were as much as 50c lower. Calves were unchanged ex- cept‘. for a couple of western mar- ko when prices were lower. There was a. down turn in the lamb mar- ket alsb, with Toronto off 25c to 50c and other centres about 25c easier. A good share of the recent declines in the hog market were recovered, particularly in the wear, when prices were up about 35c at major markets.

Eastern Cattle Markets

Prices on weighty steers at To- ronto were down 25c to 50c and butcher COWI and bulls eased off 35c but other killers and store cat- tle held steady. The week's trading opened under a handicap of 1200 cattle held over and about the same number remained unsold a- gain this week. Weighty steers sold up to a high of $8.35 and butcher stoers and heifers were mmtly $6 to $7.75, with some tops at the 0108f! at $8. The best of the stock- er offering was picked out at $7 to $7.85. The cattle offered Montreal. lacked quality and only a few of the best steers on hand qualified for $8 to $8 50. A few good western cows sold up to $6, while good kinds "nerally made $5 to $5 50. Maritime markets eased off 25c in line with the trade elsewhere and good to choice steers were quoted at $7.25 to $8.

Western Cattle Markets

The Winnipeg cattle market proved very spotty with most kill- ing classes moving down 25c to 50c and replacement cattle experi- encing a. similar decline. Favour- able news fro..i outside centres was lacking and buyers were reluctant to take on liberal supplies even at the lower scale of prices. Best weighty steers made $7 to $7 25 and medium to good handy- weigl-it killing kinds from $6.75. The better grades of stock- ers and feeders moved out at $5.75

$6.50. Other centres generally functioned under a very slow trad- ing and as a rule were 25c or more lower. The best of the steers at. Calgary made $6.50 to $7.50, while Edmonton paid a. top of $7.25, Prince Albert and Moose Jaw, $6.75, Saskatoon and Regina $7. and Van- couver around $8.

United States Market

There were no Canadian cattle offered at Buffalo this week, where the general market was slow and 25c to 50c lower. The only recent quotation from St. Paul was $6 to $6.50 for medium quality Can- adian bulls.

Exports to the United States dur- ing the week totalled 2,881 beef cattle, 403 dairy and 589 calves. Ex- ports from January 1st to Septem- ber 26th were 88.293 beef, 10,745 dairy and 63,153 calves as against 140,801 beef, 9,880 dairy and 72,- 811salves in the corresponding period of 1939. Exports of beef cattle from July 1st to Sept. 26 totalled 30,975 head. compared with 52,444 in the same period last year.

According to a release by the Un- ited States Treasury Department imports of calves from January lst to September 14th, from all coun- tries, amountod to 95,355 head. un- der the annual tariff rate quota of 100.000 head. Customs officials are now collecting the full tariff rate of 2 l-2 per pound on calves enter- ing the United States subject to rebate on any entering before the quota. of 100,000 is exhausted.

Calvel Mostly Unchanged

Calf prices held unchanged at Toronto at; $11 to $11.50 for choice veals, while Montreal was firm up to $10.50 with a. few as high as $11. Winnipeg was also about steady with top vealers at $9. The high at Calgary, Edmonton and Vancouver was $8.50, Prince Albert $7. . Moose Jaw and Regina $8. and Saskatoon $8.25.

Hog Prices Recover

Hogs opened higher at Toronto with the basis grade up to $12.25 ssed but the close was at $12.15, with bacons alive off trucks at $9. Montreal was on a basis of $9.15 for bacons f. 8r w.. and $12.20

‘dressed. Winnipeg. was up 35c at- $8.35

f. 8r w.. Calgary's close was $8.20 for bacaris off trucks. Edmon- ton $8.25, Prince Albert $8.10, Moose Jaw and Rcgina $8 35 and Saskatoon $8.10. Slaughter hogs at Vancouver closed at $8.35 to $8350.

Lamb Market Easier

Lambs dropped 25c to 50c at To- ronto closing at $8.50 to $9 for good ewes and wethers. As high as $9 per cwt., was paid for feeding lambs. Montreal sold good ewes and wethers at $8 50 and Winni- peg was easier with the best of the sup ly at $750 to $7.75. Top lam at Calgary and Moose Jaw made $7.50, fldmonton and Sask- atoon $7.25, Prince Albert $8.75 and Regina $7. Vancouver paid up to $8.50 and choice lambs in the Maritimcs sold at $8. a drop of 50c.

Fieeder lambs are reported to be moving out of the Maple Creek, Saskatchewan, district to Ontario at $8 f. o. b. There is also a keen local demand for all whito faced new lambs offered there at a premium of 1-2c. Yearling ewes are moving at $10 per head and sound five year odls at. $6.50.

low the rlederal regulation. During the decade 1920-30. the conserva-

tonlstl! 0! the Unified States, un- der thfleadership of the great zoologlst, William T. Hornaday.

fought strenuously for a reduction in the large bag-limit. By i930, twenty-nine states had reduced the limit. below 25. But ignoring this mandate of a majority of the Stat- es. the Chief of the Biological 8n!- vey at that time still refused to

M'tlie pelt viionv tiicrc will be a fash-

TIMELYINOTES ON TOPICS CONNECTED WITH

Xilver Fox Farming '

The eiuculive of the Provincial Silver Fox Breeders’ and Ex- hibitors’ Association met Thursday morning and completed arrange- ments for the live fox exhibition which will bc held at Charlotte- town the week commencing Novem- ber l8th. This will take care of reg- istered foxes. non-registered foxes and the new type known as white face, ring necks. or platinums. George A. Callbeck has been ap- pointed judge and the classifying committee will be Parvin Cass, Summerside. Douglas Bell, Borden, and John C. Jack. M. A.. Sum- merslde. 1t is expected that there will be a great deal of intorest taken in this years show because of the presence of unregistered foxes and the freaks. No doubt there are hundreds of ranchers throughout the country who would like to sec what. they look like. nev- er having had an opportunity of visiting a ranch where they are kept

The catalogue which will be is- sued this yiear about the latter part of October will a1so_ contain the classes and paritculars of the pelt show which will be held tn the High School, Snnnnorside, tho week of Jaununry 0th. In connection with

ion show. The success whit. ai- Ilcndcd the marketing of the show pelts last year is expected to have - a bearing on greatly enlarging the number of exhibits

We had a lcttcr from Ernie Mill. Mill's Point. a few (lays ago stat- ing that he had sold his platinum pup to Wellington McNeill, from whom he had purchased the malt- pnent last fall. Ernie has quite a number of the new varieties includ- ing several typos and one particu- larly beautiful silver pup with white markings. Ho has also as usual a fine line of silvers. It was last fail that Ernie made a wholesale deal whereby over a hundred of his pups were purchased by Wilfred Leckv. We understand Wilfred has had a good crop from thom and that. his total for the ranch l5 over 1.000.

Our readers must have noticed at the bottom of these notes last week an advertisement by Raoul Roymond, Southport, inviting fox ranchers to visit his ranch and see the now type platinums and rind nook foxes. It was taken advantage of by many and with the court-"sy for which Mr. Raymond is pro- verbial and the gracious qualities of Mrs. Raymond, visits there were

bag-limit. He was closely advised by a cotcrle of high-powered so- called "sportsmen" who fought re- strictions rn every way. and ne feared further that yielding to the conservationists would be taken as a sign of weakness. Thus, badly needed protecton for waterfowl was long deferred for entirely 1inwor:h_v' reasons.

Socm, however, the waterfowl shortage became so apparent that the Government could no longer ignore the birds’ plight. In i030, the big-limit was cut. to 15 (flicks, with a two-day possession-limit. 1931 saw an open‘ season of one month. with the bag-limits as in 1930. In 1932. the season was leng- thened to two months, but the elder. canvas‘ wok. rodhead, scaups. ringneck. foals, SI10\'(‘I.I€1‘ and gad- wall were given added protection in that only ton of these could be taken. The wood duck. ruddy duck and bufflehead were given com- plete protection. The season re- mained at two months in 1933. but the bag-limit was cut- to 15 ducks, with a limit of eight on the scarcer ducks. The prospects for the water- fowl were so poor ip 1934 that only 30 days hunting was allowed. In an attempt to pacify the hunters who clamorcd for more shooting, the Government allowed the States to pick their own hunting days. which resulted in a staggered sca- son with the Statesofforing rost- days between the days of hunting. The bag-limit. remained at l2, but. the limit ivas reduced to five on those ducks which were in im- mediate dangcr of being extor- miriatcd. Baiting was conducted unclor a licoiiso sixstom. Still fur- ther restrictions wcre necessary in 1935 Those wore a 30-day con- tinuous season uvithout rest-days). a bag-limit of ten, a one-day pos- session-limit, no baiting, no live decoys, and no guns that would‘ hold more than three shells. Tno| shooting regulations for 193a were. practically rencated for i936 and 1937, except that full protection wu given to the canvasback. red- head, and a. few other species. In 1938, the season was lengthened by one-third, to forty‘-fii.'e days, and some of the cxcinpted species were returned to the game list, namely the ruddy, canvasback, redhead, and buffiehead ducks and the pos- sessiun-iimii. on ducks and geese was increased to two-days bag This last change apparently came just. in time to forestall a congres- sional bill that was being actively pushed to permit extended posses- sion-limit. In restoring to the game list species seriously reduced in numbers. a concession was made to the incompetence of hunters who cannot in tho. field recognize the different species of ducks. The rc- quiremcnts for thcsc hunters should have been stiffened; permits should be granted only to those hunters who can identify the birds thcy arc killing. But this vcry simplo and illogical requirement. apparently‘ rc- ceivcd no consideration whatovcr, The regulations in i939 l'(‘l‘I’lZl1I1I‘CIl practically the same as in 1938. y

It should be noted that a rc- duction of open season, to onei month, for instance, is not. such. a, concession as it appears to ‘be. T710 ‘ waterfowl that are raised int Alaska. or northern Canada, and, winter in our southern states. suf- , fer in migration a continuous opon 1 season of throeand a half months. . from Setccnber 1st to mld-Deccm-y ber. For the vvatcrfoivl that sur-. vive to reach Moxioo. the legal sca- l sun of danger is extended to Fcb- . ruaiy 28th. 'I‘his has been true for.

recommend lqwering the Ibderal,

many years. _ (To Ila Continued) _ l

5

most pleasurable. Mr. Reymornds fox population svhlch formerly con- sisted of thousands of adults and pups, has been cut down to some-v where in the vicinity of a thous- and, hilt quantity has been replaced by quality,

In the fall of 1938 Ollie McNeill sent a white face male of the plat- inum type to brother Well arid it was placed in Mr. Reyrnonds ranch This fox was very pro-potent an; was the sire of three outstanding males, one of them sold to Thomas McGiii, Packenham. Ontario. by Well McNelll last January is the sire of 37 pups, two of them plat- inums. Wells male is the sire of several litters in his ranch and the remaining full brother is the sire of a great many of the pups of the platinum type in Mr. Roy'- mond's ranch. There arc other sires including some other males gotten frotln Ollie McNelll. Fort QuAppeile, Sas .

All Mr. Rleymonds foxes have been tattooed and pedigrees care- fully kept. Some are three-quart- er platinum breed, others have a- bout fifty-fifty silver and platinum, but the silvoi" lllll‘l'llt$ are of ex- t-vllciii typo, and some pups produc- od that way are apparently quite‘ as good as llioso possessing a larg- er amount of platinum blood. The star exhibit of the ranch in the pup line is a ring neck, near plat- inum that is a pet. Ho is in coop l3 and a great many offers have been made for this particular fax, but up to yesterday he had not been separated from his owners. We doubt if an offer attractive enough can be made to buy this chap as Mr. Raymond is looking forward to having him head the herd ovonltiallyi.

Success for Mr. Raymond has not come through any hit or miss methods. l-le has studied the fox business as few men have and dur- lng the brooding reason supervises ovory; ciotail of the ranch including the tnicrnsonpic work and poly- gamous mating. Our fox clubs should endeavor to have Mr. Rey- mond address them as the lessons he has learned from his experience with the new types are very valu- able and would prove short cuts t0 succoss for others.

As there seems to be such an interest. taken in new types of plat- inum foxes we are reprinting in part an authoritative article by Clarence F‘. Ekstrom which appear- ed in the National Fur News, Col- orado, recently. "At the present time there seem to be two typos of color phases that are recognized as plat- iniuns. One is the white face plat- inum silver, marked with varying a- mounts of white o; face, neck, belly. fcct and legs It is char- acteristic of this type of platinum silver foxcs to havo mottled feet and the toes are oftentimes pink colored. Its underfur grades from cottony white to pale grey and its ring or guard hairs are almost en- tirely white lvith various shadings of that samo pale grey color. The veiling on tho back and shoulders is distinctly blue-gicy aiid of vary- ing amounts on individual foxes willie the gortzen stripe should be quite dark to add just the right character to ake it a. very beauti- ful animal. One of the greatest factors in itiaking this typo of fox so attractive is a stool-blue white- ness, or shall we call it a metallic clear white color, in the guard hairs. This character which has been termed platinum silver is strikingly brilliant and has been aptly described as "coming up and hitting you in the eye "

The best quality animals have a very dense fur covering which adds- a. smooth velvet as arance. The other type recognize... is the pearl patinuni silver, being of a {tale slate blue cast thru all of its fur and with no clear white spots or markings other than silver or willie bars on its guard hairs similar to a silver fox. This type of platinum is not so flashy as is apparent in the white face type but it nas a beauty all its own. The full silvorori pearl plaiiiinin fox is very slrikinr: ' in tho blond of vvhiio siivor against a pearl blue background.