DISCIISSES PROBLEMS AND FUTURE or NOVA scoiii coii INDUSTRY

By FORBES RHUDI

Fnnadlan Press Staff Writer

The clay of decision has arrived znr Nova scotia coal.

with current production of about 5,000,000 tons B. year, the prov- ince's soft-coal industry is for the moment in fair condition. About as much coal is being sold as can be pioduced and unemployment is not severe.

, for the greater part, the ; Justry is losing money. has lost some of its more profitable mar- iteis and is threatened by loss of lll(if'9. '

'what are you going to do?" is i,'(! question being asked of coal iltl)i."llllC.S. workers, and govern- ututs at all levels.

"in answer will register most .1. ply in Nova Scotia-in sus- :.nned or increased prosperity, or ,y minomie and human shock. Its Wt-'s will be felt fair into the i of Canada by every worker business whose products are

.-nrl wld in Nova Scotm, and will ripple tcross the country.

l)iiriiig a visit to Nova Scotla's

U. fields I talked to scores of wsniis. None pretended to know m absolute rmswcr.

.”(”'.li"l'2'll students of the industry ,-3 .tion(-rl:

Dmrt think there is any easy 0- pat solution. The answer will .-r nude up of many things."

HIKST CUT COSTS

The problem of Nova Scotia coal 3

-telly. high cost of production makes it vulnerable to com- n from lower-cost American and other fuels.

p:oblcui for company and ' e rs is to increase pro. i':ty so as to bring down

5.: -.1 iciion costs.

will difficulties are not peculiar in x'mn Scotia. Western Canadian mi: .Vnrl':i Ali1Cl'll.'.'lli fields in gen-

iilso face declining markets. ' perhaps iiowlierc else in Can- rlocs the industry form such 15- part: of the economy, say production of 8,000,000 year would mean prosper- 'i. Probably no one wants much , than that and some doubt '2: ., ll could be produced.

Others see possibility of a 50- per-ccnt drop to 3.000.000 tons. Jrobably no one thinks output will fall below that.

At present 6,000,000 tons, about i5.000 persons are directly em. vloyed by the industry. and it has wen estimated one-filth of Nova icotlals population, or 130,000 ,vcople. are more or less directly irncnrlcnt on it Probably all Nova :"Oi.lTlll5 derive some of their liv. or from it.

FIIIION TIIE IIIIIEI SENII DONUTS TO SCHOOL!

What child wouldn't love to fin? dnnufs in his lunch box?iAi-id mothers. when you givg mg youngsters Mayflower Donufl, youirc civinz them a perfectly balanced, perfectly digestible, perfectly delicious food! Maire I note to buy a box of Mayflower Donuts from us today! They're sure to be fresh! '

Geo deliclods aigmisir

Made by the Baker: of

LANE'S FINE BREAD

It 1”” 350000.000 I year in w””- 515000.000 for stores and maltflill-9. 38.000000 to transpor- tation companies. and is a big source of taxes. its flow of wean), reaches far into lumbering and g:g:l?g.' ""0 all basic and service l'e.5l:rl:ls'lll?eI.1dl all social and mm

What would be the effect if ductlon were halv cl? 0 pro ht mm: c ne econom-

"I can see the Dossibility of no. :91 l0I30.000 people having to mm all 0 the province ii production

F096 to 3.500.000 tons."

Canada outside Nova smug hag two direct intsrests in the indus. Wye fate. One is its buying power ll" Clmadiall E00d5. and the other isnna-tional defence.

V Oil USN by airplanes in the last war would be a drop in the bucket in a next war,” said one observer. "All liuziiwuy and air traffic uses 011, and now railways are turning to it. That is all right in peace, but in war we would need all the coal we could get.”

There is no disagreement that coal is a factor in defence, but there is dlsigrcement as far apart as 3,000,000 and 8000.000 ions as to the figure at which Nova Scotln production should be maintained from the defence point of view.

About 90 per cent of Nova Scotia coal is produced by subsidiaries of Dominion Steel and Coal Cor- poration, commonly called Dosco, far-flung industrial empire which is Canada's biggest indus- trial employer outside the rail- ways.

Its C0'il subsidiaries are.prlnci- pally, Dominion Coal Company and Old Sydney Collcries in the Cape Breton island area adjac- ent to Sydney; and, on the main- land, Acadia Coal Company in Piltou county at Stellarton and Tlirbuorn. and Cuniberlttnd Rail- way and Coal Company in Clim- berland county at Spriiighili.

Dosco-group production in the three areas in 1953, as reported

CSA Approved

HOLDS MORE EASIER T0

R A TING TRIVET

For:

of mines. were: Cape Breton 4,- 220,541 short tans; Pictou county 365,897 tons; Cumberland county 616,332 tons-or 5,202,110 tons out of I provincial total of r5,'l86,838 ions. This year's figures probably will be similar.

Producers other than the Dosco group range from small opera- tions of a. few hundred tons year- ly to larger ones of more than 100,000 tons. They include com- panies recognized as leaders in modern mining methods and sales practices; family enterprises which return a good living; and con- ceins which are barely getting along or are at the point of fold- ing.

The maritime provinces have other coal operation-in the Minto area of New Brunswick, near F'i”edEl”lCT.0ll. It produce: about 750,000 tons 9. year. it is a color- ful operation with giant modern machines called walking draglines stalking about the countryside like prehistoric monsters. Seams are thin and relatively near the sur- face, and operations are partly open-pit and partly underground.

LARGELY IN N. E.

Market for this coal is largely within New Brunswick and, pro- viding operators and customers re- solve disagrccinciits regarding price and grading, continued production seems relatively well assured. Its problems are, in large measure, separate from the Nova Ssotia sit- utitioii.

Dosco's present costly program for more efficient production at lower costs in Nova Scotia is based on 3, market for Dosco alone of 7,500,000 tons, Only mass produc- lion, says the company, can give the results contemplated.

Oil has cut into coal markets. Natural gas from western Canada threatens to do the same. Lower- cost United States coal takes the lion's share of the central Carin- dlan market. Advent of diesel pow- er on the railways is delivering it

,tiic coining St. Lawrence seaway ins iiicreasing American competi- tion though others see advantages

Vshorp immediate blow. some scel

by the Nova scocis depaninevntin it for Nov: sootisf

At present, the Dosco group sells 64 per cent of its production in the Aliantlc provinces and 36 per cent in Quebec and Ontario, as far west as Cornwall, Ont. Dosco itself uses. l,000,000 tons for its steel operations.

Harlld Gordon. ager of Dosco's coal operations, estimates market losses of coal chiefly from oil. as follows: Indus- trial uses in Quebec, 400,000 tons a year; industrial uses in Atlantic provinces, 150,00 tons; domestic uses in Atlantic provinces, 500,000 tons.

Railway diesel power may mean a loss of 625,000 tons by 1957.

These figures, plus the fact that competition is increasing rather than decreasing, are back of fears that coal production may fall 3.- 'ooo,o0o ions.

SEE BRIGHTER FU'l'L'RE

general man-

However. coals present difficul- ties are regarded by most authori- ties as a passing phase which will be overcome with higher popula- tion, more industry and increased demand for the many valuable items locked up in coal.

some authorities see the end of the decline within four or five years. The 1952-53 annual report of the Dominion coal board, a fed- eral government authority, saul:

”l?espite adverse factors, linalt zma ysis of Canada's future energyi requirements indicate that demand for coal will substantially increase from 1965 onwards. . . . '

"The best approach appears to be by way of concerted courses of action by the federal government. the provinces and components of the trade itself, within their re- spective spheres. aimed at the maintenance of the Canadian coal industry at the optimum level pos-5 sible until such time as play of normal economic forces places it on a sound foundation."

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Sulfa Drugs Have Staged Comeback

CHICAGO (AP)-The sulfa drugs have staged I comeback after being temporarily overshadowed by antibiotic drugs such as pen- icillin, a New York doctor says.

Dr. David Lehr of the New York Medical College reports that the comeback has amounted to a ”con- spicuous resurgence" of these drugs which were among the big guns in medicine's artillery. before being relegated to a somewhat rear-line position following the ad- vent of the antibiotics in the 1940's.

He has told the annual meeting here of the American Academy of Pediatrics that the main reasons for the ”resurgence" include: .

1. Development of improved tech- niques for employing the sulfas- including use of a "mixture prin-" ciple" which he said greatly re- duces a kidney-damaged hazard once commonly associated with sulfa use.

2. ”Growing recognition of some major shortcomings" of antibiot- ics. especially the "broad spec- trum" types like aureomycin, ter- ramycin and chloromycetin which are potent against a broad range of germs.

Dr. Lclir says that while drugs (if this type are bad news to a host of germs, their action some-

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