THE GUARDIAN

ll an weak-In -IIIII of III Pl-inn Iu-ooh l r "'19..-im'."w"-3.. P.l.l.. h In human Company

"Coven Ivlnu IIIIVI IIIIII Illa In Do!" ldiinr. hill Wllkllr V annual Input. III A. Iunolt f it until office; It Ilunmu-Ildo. Montague and Albertcn. Authorized ll Second Class Hall by the Post office Dourunul. Dttlvn. . av urn": Curloltuown. Iummornde Ium put an- ' uum. Eluwllerc II P. E. 1. HM. other Pl-ovlncu and U. I. :u.oo per Innum

" "The Iirongeu memory II weaker than the weakest ink."

IATURDAY. JULY 8). 1955

Highly Favoured

Yes, there is no doubt about it.

l this part of the world is very highly

l favoured. While, only a few hun-

l dred miles away, forest fires are

l ruining hundreds of thousands of

acres of good woodland and threat-

ening entire communities with de-

struction. this Island is comparative-

ly safe from widespread confiagra-

tion. for the simple and obvious rea-

son that there are no great tracts of

forest to attract the flames of any

small fires that might occur. It

should be noted. however. that bush

fires are by no means impossible in

this region. They have occurred be-

fore and done considerable damage

one way and another. Extreme care

should be taken by all our citizens as

. well as by our welcome slimmer vis-

itors, The laws relating to the light-

ing of fires on grasslands and else-

? y where should be observed-and en- forced-scrupulously.

As with forest fires, so with drought, which already this summer has caused farm losses in Ontario ind Quebec to the extent of nearly 3100 million; it is practically un- known here. It is very rarely. in- deed, that a rainless heat-wave lasts more than two or three weeks; usually. rain alternates with sun- shine to make virtually ideal growing

weather. Bllt. in this respect. too. caution is in order. The fact that prolonged drought h a s hitherto

stayed away from our shores is no reason for assuming that it will al- ways do so. If-as is quite possible --the remaining part of the summer should turn out to be unusually hot, wells could very easily dry up. Any- how. there is no excuse for wastage of water under any conditions: it is much too precious a commodity to be accorded anything but the most careful handling.

Still another evidence of our fav- oured position is the report that as things stand now, the overall crop this year will be satisfactory. and probably bountiful. whereas in many parts of Canada and the United States. it is expected that large num- bers of cattle will have to be slallgh- tered prematurely, and at consider- able loss to farmers. because there will be no feed for them. Yes, there are many reasons why we shollld- in humility-count our blessings daily.

Questions and Answers

A report from Ottawa says that Secretary of State Pinard was told in the Commons by a Conservative member that his department is much too slow in answering questions pill on the order paper. In his rlcfence, Mr. Pinard replied that, while he is responsible for seeing that returns are made. he is not responsible for the speedy conveying of information which is supplied to him by other departments. In that, of collrsc, Mr. Pinard is right. He has no way of compelling other deparlmclltlll hands to work in I less leisllrely fashion

At the same time. the criti ism in gelleral would appear to be justified. If, as was pointed out by the (Ton- servalive critic without contradiction by any Cabinet -minister. it took Tllg months to obtain figures concerning the travelling expenses of i2 Cabinet ministers. and even then no infor- mation was forthcoming conccrning the other 8. something is obviously wrong. One would imagine”that a simple question like that could have been answered within a week at tho longest. ' Asking questions is one of the major duties of Opposition members. It is one of the few ways they have of exercising their parliamentary

l t .- .

ernment practices and expenditures.

' So long as questions are reasonable and in the public interest--as the one that was asked about the travel- ling expenses certainly was-they merit prompt and detailed answers. On the other hand, of canine. Op- "lon nlembora are expected to

.. -, nus Inll liberation in --no Tb). however,

function of keeping check on Gov-'

other deliberative bodies, it does not' take long for ministers to distinguish between the sincere and earnest in- terrogator and the chronically in- quisitive individual who asks one in- consequential question after another just for the fun of it. The latter. in his way. is just as much a hindrance to the parliamentary process as is the Cabinet minister who takes his time about giving out important in- formillion.

They Should Come Here

The news that a group of Rus- sinn ”agricullurists" (they are just practical farmers. really), now vis- iling the American Mid-West. Wlll be coming to Canada in late Alig- ust. will bc received, we believe. with general satisfaction. In the main. they will see in the Western Provinces very much the same sort of farming conditions with which they have become familiar during their sojourn in Iowa and adjacent Slates. although of course there will be some ncw llllllils 70 0f'CUf7.V ill?” attention. The important thing is that they will see for themselves- and perhaps distribute the knowledge when they get back to Russia-that, while the Canadian economy is close- lv tied to that of the United States. it is by no means subservient to it, in fact which constitutes an obvious dpniai of the propaganda which Com- munists have been preaching IOT vears: that Canada is an economic and military satellite of the United States.

Maritimers. however, will see no reasorl why the visit of the Russians sllouid be confined to the Western and Central Provinces. an arrange- ment which the report from Ottawa. concerning the projected visit. would seem to imply. How can visitors from any foreign country report to their friends that they have seen a good cross-section of Canadian agri- culture filial, of course. is their pur- post? in coming) without having set foot on Atlantic soil? It just isn't reasonable.

This Province has a special right to be included in the itinerary. Quite apart from ollr supremacy in hog- raising, a fact which should be brolldclist far and wide-yes, even behind the Iron Curtain-where else. this time of the year, could a visitor from abroild see the beauty and the riches of the earth, and all the good things of an agricultural economy, in a more appropriate setting? The answer is: nowhere at all. Why, one look at this Island in all its pas- toral glory might even convert the Russian visitors from the folly of their Niarxist ways to something that is infinitely more enriching and more stimulating. At any rate. it is mcct and right that they should be givcn the opportunity of seeing (lan- '.l(la's lzlircst plot of earth; and our )l.P.'s can bc expected to lose no time in making the propcr represent- ations to the officials who are plan- ning the itillcl'al'y.

EDITORIAL NOTES

'l'llonlas tiray. author of the be- lovcd ltllllg) written in a (foilntry f'lllll'cllj;ll'll. (iicd this date. l77l.

W I O

The lTnitcli States (longrcss is collsirlcrillg riraslic legislation to cope with cxpioitation of the public by promoters of wol'thlcs.s stocks. The same trouble is evident in this coun- try. The bi-st protection against all such rllcknts. llowcver. is plain com- mon scllsc on the part of the potent- ial llll)fll'. So long as there are people who take rlclight in being hoodwink- cri. lhcrc will be llnscrupulous sales- men on thc rounds.

- . . .

I'll in .lllllc Zill last. ll,fifltl pounds of Prilicc l-Zrlvlalwl island buffer were solrl ii) the Agricultural Prices Slip- lW'l Roard to institutions at a dis- count, accorrlinlz to information tab- led rcccntly in the House of Com-

mons. The figures. in pounds. for other Provinces are: Newfoundland 7.f)tltl, Nova Scotia 7l.0flO, New-

Rrunswick 63.243. Quebec 370,250. f)ntal'io 500.974. Manitoba ssfom, Saskatchewan l3.'i,0f)0. Alberta 117,- 073, British Columbia 121,357. I I I One swallow doesn't make a summer, but one Conservative ap- pointment to the Senate by a Lib- eral Prime Minister may indicate a new trend in selecting members of the Upper House along non-partisan lines. fit any rate, the choice of Senator Hackett was an excellent one. Four other appointees are said to have no apparent party connec- tions. The late Prime Minister Ben- nett set this laudable precedent yeu-I Igo by appointing I noted . benl, the hue Semtor Patrick

x 0

I Hats Off” To Senatorllil

nman!

A Future in Rain-Making -

By Joe Macsween Canadian Press. Montreal

The scllolarly-lookillg man with the horn-rimmed spcclaclcs fixed his questioner with an earnest gaze and explained:

"Actually. we're not l'aill-lnakcrs. What we nlake is sllow."

Rain or snow, Bcmard A. Power. meteorologist. is convinced that what he nlukes has a great future. Rain-making. one of tile worldis newest professions. currently is having a boom as a weapon against rampaging forest fires.

WEATlll'Il'( CONSl'l.TANTS

Ml' Power, 116. native of Millic- tun. N R. is vice-president of Weather ltlflglnfllfltlllg Corporation of Canada. of which Toronto-born Paul .I. Denison. 33. is president.

”Evcrybody talks about the wea- ther. but wc're among the few who try to do somcthini ibout it," said Mr. Denlson with a smllc.

Dcnisun and Power. Canadals first and only firm of weather consullanis. were inter- viewed at headquarters here. while they conducted long-range rain-op- erations against a forest fire near Bale ('onlc;lll, on the north shore of the St. Lzlwrcllce river. at-raligcd, meanwhile. a "cd sllowstornl in I dccp . to show how the operation works. Silver Oxide. ignited in ll ”brcallli-lllllll.” caused a tiny snou- fall.

Vl'JTl'.'RA.V )1 E'i'Ef)R0l.()(ilSTS

heading

Dclllsun and Power. blltll veter- ans of more than 10 years service with the meteorological service of (Tanmla. arc mcn of serious and scientific outlook. working with masses of weather information from Europe in Siberia.

Powcr. with service in Slimmer- sldc. P.l-l.l.. Moncton. Greenwood, N.S., Gonsc Ray. Labrador. Ottawa, Vandcr. Nlld.. and nearby Dorval, now is lni-tcnrological adviser to the rildar wcalllcr research group.

Mcfiill l'lli y. Dcnlson. who holds a nl sir s dcgrce ill meteor- ology. scrvcd at Gilndcr. Goose Bay. l)tlI'Hll, QIl('l)('l' f'lly and Mont Joli. Quc

”'l'hc i'.'I'llI l':”lllll:.lilllu cull hr mislcudillu." Ill llr llclllsnn. i'lll some isol.'ll.ll ('2lxf's'. wc can plo-

ducc rainfall. hill lnustly we aim to accenlllalc an cxisling rainfall.

”Takc the flaw (fomcall limita- tllln. Tllcrc wc had a nllmhcr of llllthl'c.'lks that burned solllc.T.0tI acrcs of sprul-c and pinc.

"We plnfcd 22 uoncrators ill Illc district. slrntcglczlllv silllilied to take arlvzllltagc of air cllrrcnls. We studlctl vlcaihcr data for the last 50 .Vc".rs to fornl an opinion of what storm ll':li-l-s could be ex- pcclcrl in the region

f'l.0lil)h' TlH'IA1'lCl)

"As storm clillld-. lllnlcll into the area. cllkr sonkcll ill silicr oxide was led into fnrlzc-Iikc furnaces at the gcllcrnlors. rcslllting in what could be called a colorless dust llllpllllf l'lSl"Ll to tho storm clouds.

This dust -nlnny millions of parllclc.s--provldcll nuclei on which -tlllflw l'l'.Vst:lls formed. tllrninlz to rain as they fell

"Any kind of dust particles has the samc cffcct in some extent. but countless cxpcrinlcnls have shown sliver oxide to he the most efficient 0P9f'3lll'ltZ at 20 degrees higher tem- peratures than other types.

”f)urinl! one rainfall near Bale COITICBII-The first in 295 momh5.- there was a.fall of L3 inches in the target district. compared win: .15 in the neigllbnrinlz areas. There's no doubt in our minds that the seeding accounted for most of this extra ruin-probably all of it.

"But we couldn't have made rain fall if the storm hadn't come. We can't make clouds in the sky the way we made the breath cloud in the deep l'rce1.c.”

M-DAV FORECAST

Employed in the fire-fighting by the LEIITEIIHIIII Forest Protective Association Limited. Denlson and Power started the job in May. pm- Vlfljnl a 90-day weather forecast.

3"-"Denial: up" the long-range forecast all time went on. the firm Wmillally was providing daily and Well hourly reports, an "Nfiwers to deploy emelen y.

"I! I village is fllreItened-as W” if-'tl3OllY the cue-ll may be I lute of life Ind death. for Ill-

Itnco, if In eul wind rises." sold

"we lmvlile ll lllud - hula w.'&-Wain all-

clients with data ne doesn't need."

Weather engineering-which has numerous other tasks as well as ”wc-other modification" sub- scribes to the government meteor- ological service. receiving detailed information from around the globe. Weather information is normally unchanged freely among govern- ments. even through the iron cur- tain.

Dcnison said his firm. affiliated with Dr. Irving P. Krick. Meteor- ological Consultant. Inc., Denver. Cold. and Water Resources Devel- opmenl Corp.. Denver. is the only one of its kind in Canada although there are some 30 in the US. WRDC had a "field headquarters" at Brandon. Man.. in connection with experiments over the Prairies.

DISCOVERED IN 1847

Power said the theory of cloud seeding was discovered in 1947 by Vincent J. Schaefer of Schenectady. N.Y.. a scientist conducting air- craft-icing experiments for the U.S. government. Cloud seeding first was done with aircraft. an in- efficient system since planes had difficulty operating in suitable wea- ther and also were limited in scope.

Clients of weather engineering vary widely in their needs, includ-

l ing a soft drink firm which wants

to be forewarned of a heat spell, and an oil company equally inter- ested ln cold weather. Both must arrange for sudden distribution problems. A can manufacturer wants to know if crops will be good and canneries thus busy. A lawyer. suing the City of Montreal. called on the firm for evidence that a cer- tain section of street was shaded- and icy-when his client fell and was injured.

Great strides had been made in the United States, where Piesident Eisenhower appointed an advisory committee on weather modification lfo years ago. Hydro-electric fa- cilities in dry I .,' -including Spain-had been assisted. Experi- ments in controlling hall and light- lung storms had been started in the Pacific northeast-cxperinlellts of lllllftll interest in Canada's wheat provinces.

"Weather modification is thc big- tslest research field in the world to- day-cven bigger than power from zllonlic energ.V." said Dcnisnll. "inn innit make crops grow with atomic power."

Paper Work Julngles

ltittawa Jnllrllall

One of the arrcsiillg filings in come nllt of the Hoover Commie.- sinn which has been investigating the operations. prnccsscs and cost of government in Washington. is what it says about "paper work". In brief. it is that an excessive use of paper work. fllrms. reports. memos. directives. is not only sliflillg and strangling lzuvernment but is wasting time. money and tcmptrs.

And this statement by the Hoover Commission is not merely an op- inion; actual experiments in sim- pllflcatlun in the case of a num. her of departments produced not only llreater efficiency but savings of millions of dollars.

One is made to under what would happen it my inquiry into paper work such as that by the Hoover Commission in Walling- ton were carried out in Ottawa. Indeed it is I challenging specu- lsflon as to what would result if I whole series of Hoover commis- sions could examlne the coun- quences - the results In loss of time. money and tempers - of unnecessary paper work in mg. vale business.

For it does seem to be true that

called the "jungle of pnper work"- hu grown into. I sort of monster of both guvemment Ind business.

Underground Defences

(Oshawa Times-Gazette)

Russia, Sweden Ind Great Britain. the only three European nations so far to give any atten- tioll to d f against atomic bomb attacks. are going u nd er- ground. The three nations have created what are in effect cities beneath the earth.

These underground communities contain hospitals, shops. recrea- tion ceniers, in some cases work- rooms. assembly halls and even theaters. Some have bakeries. mod- ern hotel accomodations and hang- ars for aircraft. There are in, ad- dition. arsenals. offices for military and civil officials and even jails.

The Swedes, further advanced than any European nation in civil defense. have constructed enorm- ous taverns of underlzrnund in- stallations for civil and military defense in case of war.

Russia. so far as is known. is concerned chiefly with protection for its air bases. although under- ground naval installations are re- ported to have been dug beneath Russian ports on the Baltic. Al- lied air intelligence services have been informed of a chain of un- derground strfields which h I v e either been built or are under con- struction along the enormous Rus- sian frontier, So far as is known, the only protection against atomic attack for civilians has been con- structed below a suburb of Mos- cow for members of the Russian government and their families.

Toward the end of World War II, the British opened in London what was then the world's largest air shelter - a section of partly finished subway line in South Lon- don. It had omodatiuu for tens of thousands of persons and was dug deep in the London clay. It is understood in the last few years the shelter has been devel- oped for emergency purposes and that it will be able to accomodate nearly 30,000 persons in the air attack.

The Chiselbllrst caves in Kent. southeast of London, used by hun- dreds of families in the last war aiiacks. are also reported to have been slll"'I'.Vcd as possible shelters for larger numbers in another war. The llea('rv”"'”rs of tho fir'-t- er command of the Royal Air Force - from where the battle of Britain was directed and where Gen. Eisenhower presided at many

mended the allied forces from England - has hcell cnlarlled and

the finest underground -air head- quarters in western I':lll'tlp('i Un- derground installations for the British nnvy have twill "”lIlplEiCd at Portsmouth and Chatbllm. O I 9

Bill the most complicated. the most curiolls and the lnost secret of all underground installations for use in future wars is in the heart of central London. a few minules' walk from " 'ingham palace. It faces the Mail, the broad royal thoroughfare which runs from Trafalgar square to the palace.

It was called Fort Churchill in the last years of World War II, when it was still under consilyc- tion. Til blockhouse. built of Itcel faced with blocks of stone. was c sled on order of Winston Cllurc ill when be was wartime prime minister. Ind In- cluded mnny lflcItions design-

dbyhim. lfostofthinfcrlnidnbleforth

plate llutallntlon for in- con In the world.

b tun;

mlklng futile people who could uIe

war councils in the years be com-

has become what is said to ho.

Medically Speaking -

By llennn N. lundeull. M. D.

Plenty of water and salt -un- less you have I condition that makes your doctor Idvise against it - that is the secret for beating the heat and humidity which uumples many of us during these hot summer days.

If you're young and healthy. you probably can withstand just about any climatic heat you're "likely to encounter. providing you take adequate amounts of water and salt. If you're older, this I! even more important.

HOT SUN luvs

Those hot. rays from me slln can cause sunburn all right, but they will not cause heat stroke if heat is dissipated properly from your body.

Of course, you should avoid overexposure to the sun. And you must avoid overexeriicn, too. Don't become unduly fatigued. You can drink alcohol. if you nor-

mally do. but be sure to take it in moderation.

LIGHT CLOTHING

Light. loose clothing is advis- able and large. light-colored hats probably will help keep your head cool. Cold baths and swimming in cool water, naturally. will also cool you.

But most important of all, you must offset your fluid and salt loss. You have millions of per- spiration glands. Through these and your kidneys. you lose about three quarts nf water daily. you must immediately and continu- ously replnce this loss.

On extremely hot days. you may need to drink eight glasses of fluids for comfort. A man doing hard. physical work may con- sume more.

Probably, the best way to make sure you get enough water is by a sort of "force feeding" method. Set up a drinking schedule and drink a glass of water at regular intervals whether or not you are thirsty.

increased loss of salt through sweating can cause a severe r - action. In a few cases, it migh even be fatal. To counteract this loss. you should salt your foods abundantly. it you can't get enough salt that way. you'll prob- ably have to fake salt tablets.

Many business offices and fac- tories kecp them on hand near the drinking follniains.

In very hot weather you might for comfort need a daily ration as high as three-quarters of an ounce of salt. Don't try any self- i , ' low sodium dicts during the hot weather.