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PAGE FOUR

THE GUARDIAN

Autnurisou as Second Clam Ilsil Post office Department. Ottawa. The Island uuudun Iubushlns ('4.

President-and Auoelslo Editor. In: A Bunuls. Assodsto Editor. huh Walker.

CIICULATION "Covers Prince Edward Island like tho dew"

"lilo Strongest Memory ls Weoilor loan the Woollen Ink".

cn.uu.or'rsrowN. WILDN-E.sD.Ali. Mavjilsf criminal colic Revision

History tells us that the ancient Britons considered it a point of honour to go arm- ed to public meetings, the most enthus- iastic applause being given by shaking their weapons. That sort of thing is out of date for Canadians, the draft revision of the Criminal Code making it an offence to be in possession of offensive weapons at or on the. way to a public meeting.

it is also to be an offence to mislead the police by making false accusations against a fellow citizen. It is to be no longer essential for the complainant's test- imony to be corroborated in sexual of- fences, although the judge is required to instruct the jury that it is not safe to con- vict without such corroboration. Trespas- sing at night is to be an offence. presum- ably as a measure against peeping toms, and vagrancy continues to be a substantive offence. The definition of "game" will mean a game of chance or mixed chance and skill. ,

Two new offences, criminal negligence resulting in death and criminal negligence in operating a motor vehicle are created. the first being punishable by life imprison- ment, the latter by five years. Trial by jury is compulsory for indictable offences except where the code provides otherwise. The accused on preliminary enquiry will elect trial by a judge or by a judge and jury. rather than making the choice be- tween jury and non-jury later.

New rules of procedure are laid down governing the "right to begin" which is really a question of having the last Word- 'I'he prosecutor is always to be entitled to it reply and when more than one accus- ed is being tried if any one of them calls witnesses all must present their case be- fore counsel for the Crown.

Perhaps the historically most important change proposed is that when a judge has refused habeas corpus it will no longer be "poEs"lble”1o'Tenew the applicatiombefore the same or another judge. Instead an appeal is provided for from the judge's granting or refusal of the writ.

Trade Envoys' Visit

The eight assistant Trade Commission- ers who have been visiting the Island prior to taking up their posts are to be an important contact between our producers and exporters and the market in the coun- tries to which they are proceeding. They can and we are sure will be very valuable in making this Province and its products known.

Their work, however. is valuable large- ly because of its personal nature. It is the direct contact with individual buyers and consumers even more than the chan- nelling of information that makes unin- terested strangers into friendly customers.

Our own businessmen can help estab- lish such relationships by getting to know these representatives, making it easier for them to place future relationships on a per- sonal as well as purely business basis.

line-ilrlce May In Ilium

Under the above heading the Ottawa Citizen answers critics who have expressed concern lest the new arrangement for the emergency disposal of an otherwise un- saleable meat surplus should cost Cana- dian taxpayers as much as 315 million. It the deal, to which Britain and New Zea- land are parties, does succeed in tidlng over the livestock industry until exports to the United States can be resumed, even 515 million may not be a high price to pay. A bill of some kind is inescapable, and its ultimate dimensions depend on how quick- ly the outbreak of foot and mouth disease in Saskatchewan can be eliminated.

The consequences of the outbreak, says the Citizen, are being felt in every part of Canada, in the dairy as well as the live- stock industry. and in other businesses en- gsged in processing or exporting animals. It is. indeed. a national disaster. nore cost- ly to the country than most of the large- scslc fires and floods which Canada has experienced in recent years. Cheaper meat for Canadian consumers is an offsetting

. advantage. but only to s limited extent.

livestock business is still geared to consumption cannot " jto.,fIll;t.hovsclnlln lefcbyloss

IN

ily relinquished in 19-18,. is to be regarded as a stop-gap. Supposing shipments (in- cluding pork) total 40 million pounds as a result, this amount is less than neaquarter of the beef and beef cattle exp ts to the U. S. last year. I

The most urgent problem is to wipe out foot and mouth. Unless this can be done quickly, the cost to the Cana- dian economy. in terms of subsidies and unemployment, may be materially great- er than a possible 515 million for swap- ping New Zealand for Canadian meat in the American market. Resumption of ex- ports to the U. S. cannot take place until two months after the Secretary of Agri- culture has made a formal declaration that the malady has been exterminatedf

EDIIURIAI. NUI ES

The R.C.A.F. Association, meeting in its third annual convention in Ottawa on the 22nd-23rd, is composed of veterans but its outlook is definitely forward.

I O O

The temperature of 32 degrees Fahren- heit reported for the Gulf waters of last week may be warm enough for fishing but a man who goes overboard in such near- freezing conditions has little chance of liv- ing more than minutes.

xl 0 G O I

The Braenlar Royal Highland Society have decided that, with the approval of the Queen, the Braemar Gathering will be held this year as usual. The date will be Thursday, September 4.

I I O

The grounding of the Blue Prince off Malagash will entail considerable loss to this Province by the interruption of our inter-provincial trade with Newfoundland. The removal of the live-stock from the ship would indicate that there is no im- mediate prospect of its being re-floated.

O O I

Dr. C. J. Tidmarsll. formerly of Char- lottetown, chairman of a committee on Athletics at McGill University has reported on the danger of irregularities, and states that the committee is convinced that the University should take over direct and ef- fective responsibility like any other univers- ity department.

O O O

The last census of the Dairy Industry conducted for the year 1950 shows that there were a total of 1,839 butter and cheese factories and eondenseries in Can- ada employing 22.563 persons and paying 715 U3 million-dollars in wages. These factories alone had an output for the year valued at 35386 million dollars.

I O O

The Community Planning Association, whose provincial division has its annual meeting today, devotes much thought to convincing the public of the necessity of planning. As is not altogether unusual, however, the general public seems aware of the unfortunate results of unplanned de- velopment and wonders just when the var- ious levels of government are going to im- prove matters.

0 O I

The removal of restrictions on bank credit. the latest concession by the Fed- eral Government, is appreciated by the 'commercial community which had been seriously handicapped. and in some in- stances had to have recourse to financial expedients which ultimately became har- assing. Now they can again consult their bankers and get the reasonable accommoda-

tion they require. 0

Alexander Pope, English poet and satir- isi. was born this date 1688. He showed a literary bent at an early age. Pilblishing a volume of poetry. "Pastorals" when he was 21. Unduly sensitive, be quarreled frequently and vigorously. "The Dunciad was intended to extinguish the Grub Street writers but its brilliance had the effect rather of keeping. alive the memory of those who are lampooned in it.

0 O I

Six young farmers. three men and three girls. will” represent the National Feder- ation of Young Farmers' Clubs on a tour of Canada and the United States. They will leave Britain on June 5 and will be the guests of the Junior Farmers Club of Ontario. These visits are the great event of the year in young farming circles and endow the selected candidates with a status which carries its obligations in a round of winter lectures on their return to the U.K. and their home club.

0 O I

We still have -Summer and Fall to negotiate. but it is announced that a big year is before us for toys, and kiddies are going to frolic with a lot more toy! till! year than last. Estimates of volume in- creases range from five to 10 per cent over last year. with biggest gains expected in vinyl toys. rubber goods. dolls Ind. . doll clothes, mechanical toys. housekeeping toys, boxed games, and books. Prices are oxpsctsdtoholdstlutyeafslevelsbut may be reduced in some cases, with in-

. moms in sales, outwelghing cuts.

'-THF GllARl'iiAN. r.HARv.o'r'rlrrowN

l

Possible ",Unloreseerl Developments

I

at P' T here's a game tonight!

. .u HEN VICTORIA PARK GETS lT5 UGHTING SYSTEM -,"

Old Charlottetown ! And P. E. I. ) I

LAND DIFFICULTIES

From the report of John Ham- ilton Gray, Joseph Howe and J. W. Ritchie. Esqs.. Commissioners appointed to inquire into the diff- erences prevailing in Prince Ed- ward Island relative to the rights of landlords and tenants, 18th July. 1861:

"Perhaps no three men in Brit- ish America were ever called to arbitrate upon interests of the same magnitude, or questions of greater delicacy affecting the wel- fare of large numbers of people. if s. judge or juror about to de- cide the title to in single estate feels the responsibility of his position. the undersigned may be psrdoned for admitting that. with hundreds of estates and the in- terests of many thousands of per- sons dependent upon their ad- judication, they have only been sustained by a very sincere de- sire to' restore peace to a disturb- ed Province. .v.

"I-fer Majesty's Government, in appointing the? Commission. ev- idently undervalucd the difficult- ies of the task imposed. His Grace the Colonial Secretary had been led to believe that the ev- idence had been collected in Char- lottetown. and that the case was ripe for decision. He had been misinformed. No case had been prepared. no evidence had been collected upon which any arbitrat- or could have fairly decided the value of sn acre of land. or on the interests of the poorest man in the Empire. .

. . .

"it. was apparent. on the arrival pf the Commissioners. that the materials for n judgment must be extracted. first. from the people themselves. examined and cross- cxamlned in presence of each oth- er, in each important section of the Island; and next, from the public dotumcnis. in be sought for as their importance became ap- parent. Of these not even a list had been prepared. and they had to.bc gathered and collated. often with much difficulty and no lit- tle loss of time.

"Besides the conflicting state- ments modc by landlords and ten- ants, as to the value of lands in all parts of the Island. the exist- ence of barren tracts of large ex- lent, the smallness of the timber. the difficulty of raising grass even on the best lands, the causes of emigration, and of the poverty and squalid appearance of ihe people. too apparent on some of the es- isles. rendered it very desirable, if not imperative. upon the Com- missioners to test these conflict- lng statements through the inde- pendent agency of a person of large experience. having no con- nections in the Island. and whose mission would hardly be suspected till his work was done. . .

"Looking back at the origin of these unhsplw disputes. it is ap- parent that the granting of a whole Colony in I single day, in huge blocks of 11,000 acres each. was on improvident and unwise exercise-of the prerogative of the Crown. Had the proprletdrs. how- ever. fol-med themselvcn into an Emigration Society. and com- menced the colonization of the is- land on s ntlonsl plan for their mutusl udvsntugc. there is every reason to believe that. with the surplus population of the British islands to draw upon. they might have fully peopled Prince Edward Island in A few years.

"But there was no plan. and no co-opontlvc movement among the grantees. some of them early entered upon the duties of colonization in a spirit of judic- ious enterprise. and with u lib- ersl expenditure: but others did little. and that little often un- wisely. while the majority did nothing. The emigrants unt out by the few were dishcsrtcncd by the surrounding wilderness own- ed by the many, who made no oflortnato roololm it. or were

torn

nrli tho-urns of sottlornont. by

an agile lull

intrusion. Iy mutual oo-operation common

newspaper isicommon, and always inaccurate.

us "being the only one of its kind,

"Most unique record" headline. Use of "unique" with s qualifying word

"Unique" is defined in the Oxford

hlvlns no like or equal or parall- el"-thus if there are only two ob- iects of A kind in the world neither 95 unique. "Unique" means much more than "unussl" or "rare" and is not a synonym for them. -Otta- ws. Journal.

llowors were blooming in North- wmtem Ontario gardens in April this year. For a month the major portion of the province of Ontario has had warm sunshine. tempera- lures reaching the eighties in Thunder Bay. the nineties in Rainy River and xenon. Before us lie six months of summer and Fall weather, six months of foliage. Nevertheless, there are literally hundreds of thousands of cans- disns who look upon-...,.,,.. Ontario as the "frozen north." Many of them. because of unfor- tunate misconpepuons, shiver at the very thought of living here. abouts. -Fort William Times- Journal.

More than 0. your on some Col. guy youths snowbslled an army Jecp. and one of the officers got out and struck one of the youths. District court this week awarded dlmlses to the boy. We aren't in I Dolltlon lo quarrel with the 00'-H"-'8 llwlicsuon of the law, but thlnso have come to a pretty pass when decent citizens can't admin- lmr on-the-spot discipline to youngsters who badly need it. we know that it's an offence to strike somone elsc'l children. but if the public insists on strict observance of that law then it is betraying the best. interest of the children them. selves. Whats a person to do when Wmc imbudcnt young brat starts De-It-Grins people who are minding their own business? -Calgary A1. bertsn.

This spring has even that old In. diul bsmbooslccl. All through Feb- WHY Ind March when the snow was dluppe-rtnz he puffed his pipe land said: "We pay for this lster.' But when April come with hi" WEVGS. his puffing became uncertain. He grunted: "wan ma see. Frost come. No lilacs this year." But now the lilacs are in bloom and many trees almost in full leaf. Perennials Ire shooting up green fingers weeks shcud of 'normsl schedule. Midsummer dun storms are beginning to exchgnge l-csl estate in Manitoba for real estate in -Minnesota. The old In- dlsn is about ready to turn his weather twig and his pet bullion.- Wlnnipeg Tribune.

Motorists (on tons of urban on to the highways of Western On. 51110. bottles being a msjor fos- turo of this discarded rubbish. one result has been the creation of s new hssud-broken glass on the roads. The bill for cleaning up this debris falls on the tllxpsvel-. Dead animals are put of mg,

and I I . the vrlctors mi 1 how :'OClQ1IIC,C'lIoI' o frnporlsr Govern-

-m'nu.or

(Vb I loud

'J.Notes Bx The Wayj.

home.

um Now newly. bym, and now -

i

U

my: a mess. Why do people behave like this? The bottles are the outcome of drinking in cars but't.he rest of

itisa

g heterogeneous mess of things which ought to be put into the mzular garbage channels at It is s shocking reflec- tion on our times and our man- ners that so many of us should be- have in such an anti-social way. but. we seethc same pattern of complete disregard for others in many Will. It is precisely this kind of selfish thinking-to neck with everyone else-that leads to gighvray accidents. - London Free ress.

- the proof? The proof. Apparently.

MAY. 21. 1952

n-T

Canada has not as yet dcvolopod s msturol economic system. But it is heuiins that way. And what is

is that "today anywhere from 25 to 10 per cent of your total popu- lation is made up of civil servants." This won the theme of s speech

idson, Deputy minister of welfsu. Department of Nstionsi- Health and welfare. If having 26 to so per cent of the population in the civil service is a sign of nations) immaturity. just how many civil servants will we have when our maturity is complete?

It is often said that Osmda really isn't going socialist. To talk that way is Just plain silly. and so forth. But it msy be asked, not un- reasonably. just how many people have to be in the civil service be- forc the dividing line between the soclsllst and the non-socialist, state has been reached?

The situation may be put moth- er wlly-in terms of money. It will be found that lost your govern- ment expenditure on goods and services was not for short of one quarter In much as the total per- sonal expenditure on goods. and servicu of all Camdians. According to the calculations of that rodoubtsble C. C. F.'ol-. Mr. W. Ross Thstclier, the federal Government alone next. year pro- poses to spend 21 cents in taxes out of every dollar that is earned in the country. Here again the ques- tion may be asked: How much more should be spent by govern- ments in order to make us l-Ink u a socialist country?

. . .

It is perfectly true that a good civil service is essential for good administration. Efficient snd honest civil administration cer- tainly distinguishes s mglurg country from an immature one. And it is also entirely true that the civil service should be considered s fitting and honorable career for men and women of honesty and talent.

But xrowins up in not just a matter of size alone. A mjturg WWI!!! 1-! better Judged by the ill-lamy of its civil servants, and 019 Purpose they serve. than by their nunlbe . For if s civil scr- vsnt becomes too top-heavy, the economic burden for the country is very serious,

Like A piece. on.

(The Guclte. llontrul)

in Montreal by Dr. George F. Dsv- 11

T-.

his estimate of civil who are employed in ll'"lll"'.:.:"” '2. "it. s as an . Notional Railways. No n 'n-snn-Canada pilot or s c, N R” P0140! ll Plylnz his way, by ;;.,,,' .vldins direct services to the pub.

c. . But the fact remains that s high percentage of the civil service 1; not directly Productive. It ll en. ngcd in handling money pl-oduc.

servant; .11 lovermnulo, Trans-cl...

ed by the labor or tn , , ldson sstimstes' thsot. el::tlr?e:nDa;; Ind 40 per cent of Canadians ., civil servants. A high prom"-Hoe are ukely engaged in Occupation: that do not. increase the national wealth but actually diminish nl They are s heavy chsrgo upon in. general economy. For much of in. money that is raised in taxes and IPGM by the Government .-nmm. lsdhes in the costs of being hand. a . ' '

one

This recalls the no certain King who hmwcsiigiim mi ministers together for a council or state. The King described how ml was perplexed by the Way lh, money "used by taxation Ijn h realm becllmc so much sm-.11: when it finally reached its nl;,.,' tives. He asked if any of his mm: llsgcnrs could provide an ex-plam.

The council of. state was held at a very long table .10.." which sat many minute”, ' M m. for end of the table a. minister said that he would endeavour to M. vido an explanation. He am. ,0. wards him the pitcher of ice mil. or. Be lifted out s big piece of ice He held it up for the King to m" snd the King perceived that it org; 3 very big piece of ice indeed, Then the minister asked the on. seated next to him to pass the big piece of ice down to where the King sat. it was a slow pr-on-3 " "W? W970 many ministers. on. otter the other handled the in By the time it had reached flu. end of the table where sat in. Kins. it had become quite a small Piece. "Do you see. Your Ma je,gt..l slid the minister at the for ....l'.'. H19 llblc. "how much smaller ml piece of ice has become Wilhlgg much handling?"

The King po d ,4 ice in nu i1nxtxldErvert,vhe,3g)lge:,en;:.( .:.'::-."..:.:..-on .-

being

Dr. Davidson was including in