I T

f V Tlio 'S'IllIrdlan"

know that an end to segregation

Misalgfalily

m cannotbe postponed incttfirtiiteiyitaindi A p b A J A, . an i .5 I ., ' l , ' t ..:."':'.:".':.-"..:'r.-:',:.:-'...'.4.-:.-.-...-;"'...l,,. X2?.”5:.?l”iiSJ3.:?:..i:.i2'?.JS . Specglsltng NOTES BY THE WAY

freedom brought about peaceably 3, 3,... N. .u..,.., 3. i3,

1y-vvc.-g W " if '3

can one. as ll:i'v:::'1'Gwu Ila - K1 - - m. x In" "' "' 'I''” "W WI - I mu, ,m,. and in charity. Martin Luther ng, Eur”; nam1EvlM' M; W. um p, awn 5. 1,... hr, m we”. I--I-I-"I A ”""" Jr.-to his honour be it said--is I poumu: annnsr cmcnn dbl! to 11109 Grain on tho moon. thing this to them should minim . Nun-III wm; ugly dgtgctjom mug g..e' Wed better postpone going 3;! stop in think mllfbo the-yin

U.8. 312.00 per moon.

''The strongest memory Is Wallet fill the weakest ink."

WEDNESDAY, APRIL II, 1955

Mr. Hines Death

"A gallant soldier passed away yesterday in the person of Mr. Char- les ll. I-line, South African War vet- eran, who was known and esteem- ed by all our citizens, and whose death is a reminder of the part this Province played in contributing vol- unteers to that memorable struggle at the turn of the century.

it seems now a remote event in history, quite eclipsed by two world conflicts. But it called forth all the qualities of endurance which we as- sociate with modern warfare. Mr. Hine was too modest to speak much about his own exploits, but he shar- ed with his comrades some unfor- gettable experiences - at Paarde- berg. at the Hart River, in the re- lief of beleaguered Mafeking, and countless other stern engagements. It was a campaign waged against de- termined men, fighting on familiar and difficult ground, and in which the Canadians by their individual courage and initiative had I great deal to do with the success finally attained by the Imperial Army.

Mr. Hine lived to participate actively in the First World War and in peacetime occupations in our midst, always playing his part as an exemplary citizen. He was particu- larly active in Legion activities, and took a keen interest in younger war veterans and in all that affected their welfare. r

His surviving comrades of earlier days are few indeed. He will be missed particularly at their annual reunions and memorial observances

which he attended unfailingly for so

many years.

An American Hero

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., a young Negro Baptist minister in Montgomery, Alabama, is well on his way to I. place among the many heroes of the American story, even though at the moment he is under a prison sentence. Dr. King was one of the leaders in the much publicized boycott of the public transportation system in Montgomery, which start- ed when a. Negro woman was forced to go to the back of I. bus, as is the custom in most parts of the South- ern United States. He was convicted under an old State law which pro- hibits "the hindering of I lawful business without just cause". His sentence was I fine of S500 plus

.court costs in the same amount, or,

in default of payment, 368 days in the county jail. Pending his appeal, which is not expected to reach the United States Supreme Court-if it should go that far - for another three'years, he is out on bail. Mean- while, the boycott continues; and, since there are more than 50,000 Negroes in Montgomery, it is costing the bus company I good deal of money.

Southern Negroes are noted for In intense loyalty to I leader whom they trust and admire; and, from all accounts, Dr. King is such a leader.

' Had he given the word, there is no

uuootion but that rioting and strife would have followed his conviction. filhe fact that he did not give that pvord but, instead, pleaded with his friends and followers to abstain from Ill violence and to follow the path of pouivo resistance shows that he is I true Christian gentleman as well

1! I qualified leader of his aggriev-

feilow-citizens. What is more, it 7, brought him the sympathy of wthouoondo of Americans from all

sections of the United States, yes,

iovon from many places in thebeep ' South itself. Church leaders, Roman Jsbgcholic Ind Protestant, have u- him of their support and their payer-Iinhis wellfouuitfightfor

n

PIN!-I-n A-d-in leader in that goodly and saving

company.

More Cold Winters?

Even those who subscribe en- thusiastically to the bright view that. in general, the winter climate in this part of the world has been getting milder for I. good many years now will admit, albeit grudg- ingly, that this past season was an old-fashioned winter in every sense of the term. Most of them, however, are not unduly alarmed about it, preferring to believe that it was the exception that proves the rule. They may be right, of course, in putting this cheerful appraisal on the ex- periences of the last six months; but the obligation of factual report- ing compels the observation that scientific opinion is against it.

The chief witness is Dr. Hurd Willet, an outstanding American meteorologist. He says that the mild winters are over, at least for another forty years. The old fashioned ones have come back to stay I while. though there may be an occasional mild one to soften the blow. Dr. Willet's theory is that sunspots have been moderating the winters since 1910 and that these spots have had their day for the time being. They may start to come back in 1996 or thereabouts.

What about the Gulf Stream which we have been led to believe was coming a bit closer to our shores every year? Not a bit of truth in it, says Dr. Willet. And, even if it did

change its course from time to time, the little good it would do would be worthless against the imminent de- parture of the sunspots. Of course, scientists are not infallible, and it could be argued that meteorologists are less dependable than some other members of the fraternity. Just the same, their opinions are pretty high- ly regarded these days; and he would would be a reckless man indeed who, in the face of Dr. Wlllet's prediction, would bet on next winter's being nice and balmy. Meantime, some other savant may come up with it different theory altogether. Itls hap- pened before.

EDITORIAL NOTES

It has been revealed that Presi- dent Eisenhower has travelled 105,- 000 miles since he assumed office. That sounds like a lot of mileage, but compared with the Marco-Polo- like journeyings of Secretary of State Dulles during the same period it represents no more than I week- end jaunt.

O O I

What's coming over the Ameri- can politicaians? Adlai Stevenson, I Democratic candidate for the Presl- dential nomination is quoted as say- ing he ”will have to do a lot better" if he is to win the nomination. His rival, Senator Kefauver, on the other hand, is telling everybody that he is still "behind Stevenson and try- ing to catch up". This sort of humil- ity seems out of place - unless there's a catch to it somewhere.

I O I

Typical "Opening Day" diary: 11 p.m. April 14, wound clock, set the alarm for 5 a.m. Went to sleep. Dreamed about trout as big as cod- fish. 5 a.m. Reached out and stopped alarm. Looked out. Very cold. Frost on ground. Decided to call it off. Went back to sleep. 5 p.m. An ac- quaintance came around with great tales of fish caught. He himself pull- ed in a two-pounder. Late at night- In reflective mood. Regret morning's decision. Must not let it happen IgIln.' Meanwhile must think up some better excuse. No fisherman likes to be considered timid.

IO 0 C

General Alfred Gruenther, Sup- reme Commander of Allied Forces in Europe, is retiring "for personal reasons". What these reasons are he has not revealed. It will be recalled that a few months ago he came un- der strong criticism in Western Eur- ope for suggesting that his force: would not be able to defend West Germany or Holland in the event of war. That may have something to do with his retirement, although Un- ited States Government officials have tried to play down the signi- ficance of his Itstement. What is generally acknowledged is that the retiring general is I soldier of very hioh cttunounu. '

A

PUBLIC FORUM

This column I: open to the discus Ilon by correspondent: of question: of lnleroll. Tho Gin:-dlu does not Ioooonrily-endoru the opinion If oorroopondutn.

AGAINST FLUORIDATION

Sir,- You are quite right in attaching scant importance to what laymen say about fluoridat- ion. Nevertheless according to the centrally-evolved method of estab- lishing it in the various localities, professionals are instructed to ask laymen to request other laymen to fluoridate the potable water sup- plies.

We must not overlook the fact that the fluoridation experiment is not exclusively I medical quest- ion. It has I moral phase as well. When a doctor; even though fresh from the Hippocratic wellspring, declares that it is not unethical to force unwilling masses to drink medicated water, he is talking as I layman and inviting the retort: "Cobbler stick to your last."

Very recently Rev. F. J. Con- nell. C.Ss.R., Dean of School of Theology. Catholic University Washington, D. C., has made the following declaration relative to fluoridation: "Even if the major- ity of citizens want it used, they may not impose their will on oth- ers by having the public supply of water fluoridated unless it is morally certain that ultimately fluoridation will be more benefic- ial to people as I whole than if it were not used."

The moral certainty that "fluor- idatlon will be more beneficial to people as a whole" is far from being conclusively established. Ev- en the proponents' claim that sod- ium fluoride reduces the incid- ence of dental caries in young children has not been proved. On Sept. 25, 1953 Dr. Knutson report- ed to the Grand Rapids conveni- ion that children in that city had as many filled teeth after eight years of fluoridation as before.

Dr. Charles T. Betts of Toledo, Ohio. who for forty years has in- vestigated the effects of various poisonlngs on the human body, says: ”Fluorine desires the teeth. it produces decay. There is no such thing as preventing decay by the use of I poison. fluorine or any other kin." Citation from "Fluoridation Unmasked” by Fan- chon Battelle.

Again I take up my original theme song: "Proceed slowly in this vital matter." My advice 1; based on sound medical opinion. I could quote many reputable phy- sicians. However. tor the sake of brevity. I shall conclude this let- ter with in quotation from Dr. R.S. Harris. Ph.D. Nutritional Bioche- mistry Laboratories, Department of Food Technology. Massachus- etts lnsiitule of Technology. This is what he says: "The literature does not indicate ihat the contin- ued ingestion of fluorine at this level (1 part per million) is harm- less.--I am not convinced that the safety factor for fluorine has been established for healthy and un- healthy human beings It various Iges."

I am. Sir. etc. W..l. ENRJGHT. Toronto, Ont.

COUNTRY ROAD

The little road hu kept the pace of unafraid Ind gentle things- Tho psttering of herded sheep,

A butterfiy'I unhurried wing,

A cItbi.rd'o call, I hiil'I reply, And Ill tho deep fl-Inquilllty

0! dogwoods on In April's sky, Of greying wall Ind cedar free.

All through the might of chong. lug days. Of imo'I sophisticated stir.

This little mad retained the will To think of am and Juniper.

-Tnrnq Taylor in the Now York Times.

The Age Old Story

7115 mo?-:P4x:i,e! g

scimla SELECTIONS ATV Mobil -

Eskimos In Transition

By Dave lilclniiosh - Canznziinn Press, Frubishc Bay, N. W, '1'.

The Wind iore with icy finlzcrs at the pitiful bnrlap covering of the Eskimo shacks. it drove the snow before it so that there was almost an Arctic "white-out." The dogs whined miserably.

But the children of the Eskimo settlement near the rocky shores of Frobisher Bay couldn't have cared less. On the only level, sioneless piece of ground in the settlement they were playing ball. laughing into the gale. An Eskimo child learns to walk and run sideways, so that he does not face directly into the almost eternal wind of this barren land.

Here live the Eskimos who have been exposed to the white man's civilization.

The result is not a happy one. The Eskimo seems suspended be- tween two societies, two ages.

Bl-IACKS REPLACE IGLOOS

At Frobisher. the Eskimos do not live in clean snow houses but in untidy, dirty, one-room shacks. Half the men have steady employ- ment at the air base here on the DEW (Distant Early Warning) ra- dar line. The other half work for a while at white man's jobs but, discontented, go back to hunting and trapping.

The northern affairs department is trying to lead the Eskimo gently into the new world of machines that is thundering in upon him.

Doug Wilkinson, northern ser- vice officer here, says:

"We want to get the Eskimos to do things for themselves. Say I wanted all the stray dogs tied up. I could order that and it would be done. But I don't.

"We meet every Monday night. We haven't got a council yet but some day we will. There's always one empty chair atrthe meeting and some day an Eskimo will sit in it and he will be the chairman and we will have I counci ."

FATHER EARNS WAGES

There are some 75 Eskimo fam- ilies in this area. One of the best- off has a but for itself. The father

.works as I truck driver on the

base and he has I wife and three children.

The one-room shock is perhaps six feet high. It is made of old. boards, tarpaper, old curtains and tinfoil and is banked high with snow. It has I vestibule. In the North, nearly all buildings have double or triple doors to keep out the cold.

in the room were I bed cov- ered with an old quilt, a small table. a sofa. in modern wood- burning kitchen stove and a pail- ful of raw scalmenl. There was little else. '

On the table was an old pint liquor bottle with a nipple on it and I bit of milk in it. The mother sat on the bed holding one child. The other two, with rotting teeth, stood by her knee. One coughed almost continually. Though Eski- mos are susceptible to tuberculo- sis, the child did not have the

disease. Eskimos in winter have almost I perpetual cough, apparently

caused from entering I warm but from the outside. Wilkinson said that when he had lived with an Eskimo family for iii months n few years Igo, when making a movie for the National Film Board be had developed the hacking cough. PLACID GROUPS

Did the Eskimo mother resent having I group of porka-clad rc- porters barging in on her? The reporters. in fact. were only too hlppy to get out of the cold.

"No, (they don't mind." Wilkin- son said. "They don't know who or what you are except I bunch of people. But this will give them something to talk about for a long time."

The tiny shocks are spread around the settlement every which-

way in I volley under I bald hill. In one hot lived two families mum, y in one room. sitting on tho floor in one corner was on old stone corvor. ntlently

"Wn.r-i.:. .c'.".-..'.."".:.': m" '-"w - Qlllllll." W

people here with tuberculosis. But they refuse to go south for treat- ment."

The carver. dressed in a sweater and skin pnnls, looked up at-T the r e p o rt e r s occasionally with a twinkle behind his glasses. Then he would roar with laughter. Em- barrassed, the newspaper men smiled back. ' CARVlNGS SELL WELL

At the llll(isnn's Bay Company post, about three miles from the Eskimo settlement. there is a brisk trade in Eskimo carvings.

"We get a lot of tourist trade," said manager Bob Griffiths, 45, of Montreal, a veteran of 20 years in the North. ”Penple stopping at the air base used in have to walk three miles to get here. But since they put a road in last fall they can drive over."

The post does about half its trade with Eskimos, half with whites. Griffiths reported.

”We've never had a bad account with the Eskimos but we've been caught a few times with whites.

" Rubber cheques, you know."

Griffiths said about 90 per cent of his Eskimo trade is in cash. The remainder is in tokens, whch are gradually dsappearing. The Eskimos buy mainly food and for the first time the store, on a slope overlooking the bay, is stocking baby foods. The Eskimos can get food on credit and they always make good on pay day.

'tWe're going to have to build I bigger store," said Griffiths, who has been tanned by the wind in his long years in the Arctic. He served five years at Cape Dorset on northern Baffin island before coming here. ills assistant is Don Baird. 23, of Twillingaie, Nfld., who has spent six years in the Arctic.

Because there are only one or two Eskimo carvers in this area. nearly all the Eskimo carvings are imported from the Hudson bay area. They range in price here from t2 to about 540. A white fox pelt costs 325. Griffiths pays 3120 for a ton of coal.

NEW-TYPE SETTLEMENT

-A few hundred yards from the post and the manager's home with white picket fence, is the beginning of a challenging experiment by the northern affairs department.

It is a new Eskimo settlement, so far comprising a lzarage work- shop, schnol. nursing station and six houses. Wilkinson and his fam- ily live in one of the neat, frame, one-storey homes, Eskimo f "1 in the others.

Wilkinson said that in if) years the settlement may grow into 8 community of (I00 and that the Es- kimo may live and work as the white man does, though retaining his own language and customs. The Eskimo must work as a white man in many parts of Canada's North because his traditional sources ni liveilihood-fish and game - are dry ng up.

In one home was Martha, 21, with her ycnrold daughter. Her husband. a cat driver, was clear- ing snow from the road in the air bnse?. It had drifted in again after only an hour.

The Kitchen was fairly typical of any Canadian kitchen. There were tinned foods on the shelves, I couple of cans of beer 0!! CHE table. gm ndaptjlion to I Cano- dian home is not easy 10? "N Eskimos. They must learn. for, III- gtance, to boil potatoes Ind H7

eggs. NEED OWN TEXTBOOKS

On one wall of one of the iW0 classrooms in the new school wg crayon drawinll by A8ll00'"'v mno. oleepceka. 00llIcY. -llm9'I.- pguloosee and others. The draw- Ings depicted if I u l3l005- doi" kayaks. .

William Van Sickle of 0ltIwI :3! the northern Iffnirs devmmtg I I-duration division. said his 8: dents need "An-tc textbook! I not readers bond on MW lW"W"' Canadian children live-

He said the Eokimpochliidrofl I: keen Ind Inximll ""3 anxious. in flth "W not particularly pleased ornor-General Moose? dwllml I. one-day holiday from moon at 15' recent visit here. i

of breast cnvncerlcan be cured. And this detection primarily in up to you women. s

All of you should know how to examine your breasts for the toll- tale signs of eoriy concer. And you should conduct these exImlnI- tionn rogulorly.

Generally. the but time for I self,-examination Ls right after the menstrual period. During menstru- ation, tenderness and temporary chnnges in the breasts prevent.,I satisfactory check.-

Let your period serve as I re- minder for the examination. Af- fer the menopause the checkup should be continued as I monthly habit, since breast cancer occurs most often between the Igea of 40 and 70. -

HOW TO EXAMINE

Now. here: how to make this all-important self-examination:

Sit up straight before I mirror with your arms relaxed at your sides. Study the contour of the breasts and note any change since the previous examination.

Next, raise your arms above your head and observe whether ihere is any deviation from nor- mal in the size or shape of the breasts. Note, too, any abnormal puckering of the skin.

The third step is to lie down, placing I folded towel under one shoulder. Then raise that Inn above your head and with the flat of your fingers of the other hand gently feel the inner half of the breast.

Finally, bring the arm down to your side and gently probe the other half of the breast, giving special attention to the upper outer section.

If you see any change in the

n---- of the breasts or feel any lump or thickening, ult your doctor right away.

One word of caution: If you do feel a lump,.don't handle it re- peatedly to determine whether it is getting bigger. Massaging it may favor the spread of cancer should the lump be malignant.