fXoibbot-buzz:-a2lnavnan.a.

I Branch

.iod of fellowship with

.109 the-lwoollen sector of the lndueu-y,l

Tl-IE GUARDIAN

"Coven Prince Edward Island Like the Dew" Published every week-day morning a: 136 Prince Street. Charlottetown. P. E. l., by The Thomson

Company Limited.

Editor arid Manager. Ian A. Burnett Auoclate Editor. Frank Walker.

offices at Summeraide. Montague Aiberton. Authorized as Second Class Mail the Post Office Department. Ottawa.

By Carrier: Charlottetown. Summerside 815.00 per. annum. Elsewhere in P. E. I. w.00. Other Prov-

inces and U. b. A. 512.00 per annum.

an 3 D)”

"The strongest memoq-i7vveaku than the weakest Ink."

World council Delegates

The Second Assembly of the world Council of Churches is to take place dur- ing the last two weeks of August in Evans- ton, Illinois. Included in the list of pro- spective delegates are representatives of various Churches in Communist ruled coun- tries. Just how many of these will actual- ly be present will depend on the Govern- ments which will have to issue the pass- ports and on the United States State De- partment which will have to decide what visas to grant. On his arrival in New York from Geneva, to make final prepara- tions for the Assembly, Dr. Visser 't I-iooft, the Council's General Secretary, predicted that a few delegates would be present from Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and East Germany; in his opinion, however, the ag- gregate of such delegations will be only a tiny fraction of the total number of of- ficial representatives, owing to the reluct- ance of their Governments to issue pass- ports to any great number.

In the United States there has been some organized opposition to the granting of visas to certain Church leaders from behind the Iron Curtain. This opposition has been especially strong in American Legion circles where it was argued that the admission of some delegates would threaten American security. At the pres- ent time, according to Dr. Visser 't I-looft. the State Department is showing "goodwill and a positive attitude"; it is expected that visas will be granted to all delegates, ex- cept a very few who are known to be mili- tant Communist propagandists. In this connection an excerpt from a recent edi- torial in the Chicago Tribune is worth quot- ing. ”The danger to our security from the Evanston meeting," said the Tribune, ills far less than the benefits it should bring as a witness to the common loyalties of Christians throughout the world. It is pos- sible that some of the visitors from Soviet controlled countries may be heartened to carry on against the oppression of religion in their homelands. At least they will be able to see what happens in a country that believes in freedom of religion.”

This appears to be a reasonable ap- praisal of the situation. It is hard to see how a few Church leaders who possibly, though by no means certainly, are sym- pathetic to Communism as a political sys- tem, could do much harm to anybody in a two-weeks stay. On the other hand, as the Tribune intimated, their brief per- other Christians might help to strengthen their own faith,-l which is being sorely tried in the adverse circumstances under which they have to live at home.

1953 Wool consumption

Rel9l'Pl1L'e was made in these columns "9C9llll.V to the unsolved riddle of Canada's 10" S1199-P P0l)ulalion at a time when de- mand for wool is keen and the industry 115 fllJ0.ViI1iz a boom in other countries. In I903 world consumption of wool amounted o 2,600.lllllllOn pounds, clean, according to a review published recently by the Commonwealth Economic Committee Lon. llollv Englalltl. This was, with one excep. l'0”v ll"? llltmcst figure ever recorded, be- ing cxcccclcd only in 19.30, when the ef- felctls of the Korean war were particularly 0 .

The Commonwealth's share of the Wmld l0lal. Says the Committee review, was some 600 million pounds, or 23 per cent. which represented a substantial im- l"'0V'-W9"! (22 per cent). compared with 19.32. World consumption was at its high- est level during the first half of the year, when the wool textile industry was com. pletingits recovery from the recession of the previous year and rebuilding working stocks of tops, yarns and tissues; in the second half of 1933 the rate of usage fell off to some extent. particularly in the Uni- ted States. where the level of activity was the lowest for. two years. Raw wool prices, though, remained generally firm,

The recovery in consumption in 1953 was reflected in the industry's production of wool manufactures. World output of wool tops in estimated to have risen sharp-

ly by about 30 per cent compared with 1952, while worsted yarn pmducuon in. creased by nearly 1) per cent." .'l'he results

which lied beeii less affected by the" pm. 3 recession. .were'not so striking. i in I958 was "only

World output of woven wool cloth the year is estimated to have shown prao- -

tically no change compared with 1952.

A notable feature of the revival in activity in 1953 was the sharp improve- ment in international trade in wool- and wool goods. While raw wool imports into eleven major consuming countries were some 13 per cent heavier than in 1952, exports of tops, yarns and cloth from those countries increased by no less than 21 per cent, 43 per cent and 22 per cent respect- ively. These figures reflect a widespread relaxation of import quota restrictions dur- ing the year as well as the recovery in de- mand for wool goods generally. Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Western Germany were among the important mar- kets which progressively relaxed restric- tions during 1953, though some others, notably Argentina, Brazil, Egypt and France, remained closed.

A New Balance of Power

Nine years have elapsed since Germany and Japan collapsed in defeat atzthe end of World War 11. Six years of struggle which engaged the total resources. of the free world plus the stubborn resistant of the Soviet Union were required to subdue

the menace of Nazidom and Japanese im- :

perialism.

Today the free world faces not threat of German militarism or Japanese aggression, but the peril is no less great. The industrial might of Russia and the manpower of Communist China are being welded into an instrument of destruction no less menacing than that which put civ- ilization itself in jeopardy little more than a decade ago.

How well equipped is the free world to meet the new totalitarian challenge? Is the military and industrial might of the United States and the United Kingdom, to- gether with Canada and the countries of western Europe sufficient to withstand as- sault in the event of war? Is NATO enough to deter the expansionist ambitions of the men of Moscow and their Chinese allies?

Such are the questions which thought- ful people everywhere must ask themselves today. The imponderables in the situation, paradoxically enough, are the West Ger- man Republic and the Empire of Japan. West Germany already represents the greatest concentration of industrial strength in Europe. Her military potential is great- er than that of any other power on the European continent except the Soviet Un- ion. Japan represents the greatest concen- tration of industrial might in Asia and her military potential ranks higher than that of Red China.

In the face of an Anglo-American-Gen man-Japanese alliance the might of Russia and China would be dwarfed, their mili- tary potential would cease to menace civ- ilization. It is towards such an alliance that western diplomacy must be directed if the free worldlis to emerge from the shadow of aggression.

EDITORIAL NOTES

St. Swithin's Day. I O C

One touch of nature makes the whole world kin; and there is food for thought in the news report from -flood-stricken Vienna yesterday, describing United States airmen and Soviet troops as working ”shoulder to shoulder" in keeping farm dykes intact. -

O O 0

Sir John Cockroft, Director of Britain's Atomic Research, has announced that elec- tricity at 3. cost of one penny in unit will soon be produced by atomic power in the United Kingdom. Addressing the Scientific Committee of the French National Assem-

bly in Paris recently, he said that the most mm

pessimistic figure showed that the cost of nuclear power would be 30 per cent higher than that from coal.

0 O I

with preliminary figures showing a drop of 2,500 acres in seed potato plant- ings in this Province, and uncertain crop prospects in Central Canada and the Uni- ted States, the chances of an improvement in market conditions are in sight. It is perhaps too soon to be optimistic, but the Potato Board chairman, Mr. D. A. Mac- Doneld, is on safe ground in urging Island growers to take "the best possible care Of their crop during the coming weeks."

0 I O

Inigo Jonel. English architect. was born, it is thought. this date 1573. He was the first to introduce pure Renaissance archi- tecture in England, adapting Italian ideal

the .

whi.-.iiM.-A

. ...2..e-.. .... -:.. A

While Yoii Work

Old Charlottetown and P. I. L A PIONEEIVS STORY

From the narrative of Abraham Gill. one of the pioneers of Little York. who settled here from Devon- shire. England, in 1819. at the age of twenty-one: . "To seek a home in some foreign land Good Providence directed me to Prince Edward Island. where the Lord has blessed me. body and soul. At the time of leaving my native land I little thought I was bidding farewell to my kindred and acquaintances. I went U!) at once to Devonport to get passage; there was a large barque there belonging to Mr. Pope about to start in a few days. .I had to go home for the few things to take with me. I asked the captain what he would charge for boardand pas- sage. He said he would take me if I would mess with the men, for six pounds sterling.

"Before I embarked I had to go home. and when I returned to Devonport I found the vessel had started on her voyage and was already nearly out of sight. I hired a man and his boatplo pull after them; and the captain. see- ing that we were following him, hove-bo'till I was safe on board. The tossing of the vessel made me very sick for thice days. We left? England April 15. 1819. and ar- rived at Prince Edward Island on the 15th of June. among stranger.-, with the exception of Mr. Harvic 5 family. (The Harvies had for- merly been neighbors of the Gills in Devcnshire and had come to Prince Edward, Island in the prev- ious year.)

"1 then began to inquire if there was a piece of land that i could get. in the neighborhood. Mr. Har- vie said .to go to the agent. Wh0- hc said. would let me know. He told me there was a piece of land (that which Mr. Gill subsequently settled

-upon and occupied until his death.)

Having obtained this land I begin by the help of the Lord. to earn BI

' living by the sweat. of my brow.

"Although late in the season. I planted some potatoes among the windfalls and stumps. There were not many cattle about at that time. so I made it rough fence, and they grew very well. I put. them in a pit for the winter. I hired for a month for. the harvest with Donald McDonald of Tracadle. for three pounds sterling a month. The board and lodging were very different from what I had been accustomed to. 1 labored for many others who paid me in horse labour. I was now lodging at Mr. I-farvle'a, the first winter in their loft. and after I snowstorm I had to shake off the mow before I put. my clothes on. The lord, however, was very merciful to me.

"As soon u the whiter began to set. in 1 prepared to get timber to build a- house in the coming enm- mer, fylorked away at it. through the winter. quite a new occupation.

, I was not i f to. drealted the largest. of the trees in the woods, and some of my neigh- bours hauled them out. and in the month of April. 1820, we began to build on the land. I had cleared about two acres. Malcolm Forbes ploughed ltifor me. and it produced

very good cropfer one ploughing.

e house we built wu thirty by eighteen feet. a log houle with two windows and two doors.

"After it,.wu built and covered in I wsati to the nlampa for man

the' I had 1 home. Io-I left.'Mr. mrvieb toilfve in my own home and to

and'tocetalonlinthebeetnion- not I could.”

(Mr. 611! married in lbbruary. .mi.' and lived a happily wedded

fill deebaunte.)

The Old Story I

to local requirements. I-fee" travelled I on

great deal. particularly in Italy. In Venice he transferred from the study of painting to that of architecture. He deelgned.pe.l- sees in Denmark and become I"

igeneral in royal buildings in 1615. ' Queen's House at,Gi-eenwich and pu-tsfof . pwhllehllljfe hf! work. Civil Wlr 5- -1,06!-mt-a-1.-axe to his public wouit, -

, ..d. .v.

.a v ,

eopurneteentheiooetotaepmit M .AndnowIbegantot.hink 11'

lelimtr. for myulfuid for others, 9'

life for fect!-two - 0 died in u y to ,0

All international tension increases there is greater interest in the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza- tion. its policy, problems and or- ganization.

NATO is often thought of an a European set-up, with heavy em- phasis on land forces. airfield: and a network of overseas defenses. But this is only half the story. The Western Hemisphere furnishes headquarters sites for the first international ocean command in history. the Allied Command At- lantic. keystone of NATO: protec- tive structure.

Although our overseas defenses have been steadily improving they are far from the strength nec- essary for our protection. Even at their peak they will have to be supplied with men and material in the event of aggression. Assuring this accomplishment is the vit- ally important role assigned to the Allied Command Atlantic.

From his headquarters at Nor- folk. Virginia. the Supreme 'Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANTL Admiral Jeruald Wright USN. di- rects the machinery which is to defend NA'l'0's largest command area from any protential enemy. Subordinate headquarters on this side of the water are maintained at Halifax, Nove Scotla and New York '

I O I

Admiral Wright's zone of re- sponsibility extends from the North Pole to the Tropic of Cancer and is bounded by the coastal waters of Europe. Africa. the British Isles and the Western Hemisphere. With- in this expanse are such strategic islands as Iceland. Greenland. the Azores. and Bermuda.

The 14. NATO nations are: Bel-

lum. Canada.-Denmark. France,

reece. Iceland, Italy, Luxen- bourg. the Netherlands. Norway, Portugal. Turkey, the United King- dom. and the l'niied States. All give financial support to the Allied Command Atlantic. -

NATO's trade routes cross the Atlantic's vast reaches. These shipping routes are the arteries. the lifeline: of the free world. In both World Wars. winning the bet- tle of Europe depended upon win- ning the battle of the Atlantic. Therefore. NA'I'O'a control of this keystone area is mandatory, and is the responsibility of the Allied Command Atlantic. It requires keeping the sea lane: open and supporting NATO forces Abroad in every way poIs.ibl.e.

.

Available resources. national ec- . m . .. .

,. , 1' determine the extent and applica- tion of NATO: program. For ex- ample, SACLANT has no forces assigned in peacetlm . Not. the ideal situation militarily but one which greatly lightens the burden of the NATO taxpayer. From the

" 1 machinery they have ea- tablllhed for ocean defence NATO

k . with A" ” frontiers. in accordance with individual cap- abilities. have earmarked forces and provided bases for commend should war occur.

The U. S. c ” A includes the bulk of the men, ships and planes of the Atlantic Fleet. while Canada's contribution "in the major part of her Atlantic naval and air establishments.

While earmarked forces remain under national control. moot of the Atlantic nations in to

outer for c peacetime . This training is do "l.i'l.. "”l'.”..i”'ltu"”””;... chit ., I e opera cm at armed ex-vice. Ten

. . .u is" .' ”:.i..t.'...i"- .........t; forceetedie,ebei-gatlbihrmr

blemuetbd

-aveila g ' I

efreadhua

. Sacianl. Keystone Of NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

llrle-scale trainlnl is scheduled for 1954. but SACLANT euboi-din. ate commander. will conduct major local exercises.

What of the staff which labors over these problems? It numbe . some 150 officers and civilians in- dividually chosen'on a basis of background qualifications and pre- vious experience by eight of the Atlantic maritime powers. The en- listed complement is selected from the U. 5. Navy.

'I'he.princlpal staff work is for- mulating unprecedented plans. im- proving current techniques and per- fecting new developments. An- swerrto innumerable questions are sought. Has a Norwegian tanker the right: size hose connections to fuel a Canadian cruiser? I-low ef- fectively could Belgian mine craft and Portuguese frigate: screen an

phibious operation for U. S. Ma- rines? Can land-based planes of Britainls Royal Air Force team with Danish destroyeraln hunting enemy submarines from a base in Iceland? Are French carrier alr- craft equipped to land on a Dutch flat-top? q

0 O C

These illustrate the complex type of problems under staff consider- ation. Suggested solutions are regularly tested in training ex- ercises prior to acceptance.

NATO's strategy is to keep the peace by keepln, strong. No one is keen to tackle a well-armed foe. If properly exploited the collec- tive might of the NATO nations can deter communist aggression lndefmlteb. But success can be achieved only through a united effort which keeps the Atlantic Ocean an inland see.

If severed from our European allies we face the prospect” of fighting an invader on use soil of the Western Hemisphere. This can hllmen only if the sea. air and land elements comprising modem senpower are lnaufneient in size and effectiveness to keep NA'!'O'l Atlantic keystone in place.

Speaking Of Lightning

lfllilwaukee Journal)

According to life insurance com- pany figures. about 300 Americans are killed by lightning each year and another 1,700 are injured. usut Ill! not severely. More than 00 percent of the deaths occur be- tween noon and six p. m., and three-fourths of the fatalities are maleb. The reason is that men are ” s more: '

Probably the most. impressive statistic is the number of light- ning flashes over the world each year. It's estimated at 8.200.!!!).- 000. or 100 every second.

Central Florida has the highest concenratiun of lightnfn country. but the world. it ampions in that IGII? are India. central South Ameri e. the Caribbean islands. the northern tip of Aus- tralia and the eouthern section of

-5 interior Africa.

Although anyona'I chances of be- ing hit by lightning are eomfo . lngly small. there on several future which Influence. the oddl. city dwellers are enter from light- ning than their country cousins. me odds against lighting enter- lgg your home is about a million

one livetnesteelfraue bouee., , r M Cfeebigthejvhidoweetfetano 3" K

W013

Y . : ' , s .

, and Canada (together.

mum Ito

evefbhfglier if you apartment ,

k.get7elenene.. V a

mm are more lmporilni thins! than lee .mexn when in the mid there are other thing: which in important. The feet; say. from 5 to 15. would put the bone V611 which

y7otina;ll'yi -out ingfront aninnpthinol

any form.) . I Anyway. the cone. celebrates its eon: annlver y this summer sad

it bu come 1. ions VII! in 50”! popularity and appearance durins the half century of its exlntence. I myself used to consume. on 019 average. one cone a year: for 010 put an years or so I have been ,l;rev'agant in that particular aspect. and I lwve been getting along on one every two years.

I realise that that Pull in! in 5 minorlty party for. nwordlne to some figures I happened to see the other day. bout. 5 billion cones are sold can ly in the Unlttend tatatee

A That works out roughly at about 28 come for every man. woman. and child in the two countries. Act- ually. of course. some individuals must. eat a great. many more. for babies under a year old eat. a lot. less and some .d0!.l't fat any-

something like 100 inllllop sal- lona of ice cream in all forms are consumed annually. or this huge amount. approxiinetely one-half is vanilla. flavoured: chocolate ac- counts for about one-elxth and strawberry for a lime lees. Histor-

' lane, those who bother to mention

the subject at all. icy that ice cream in one form or another goa back to the dawn of history. The manufacturing of it on a large scale and u a commercial product did not come to this continent, how- ever. until the year 1851. The credit for it. belongs to a man by the name of Jacob Rissell who ran a dairy products business in the -city of Baltimore.