PAGE soon f THE GUARDIAN

Wndfnmlzeu as Second Class null Post Office Department. Ottawa. The lallnd Guardian Publishing Co.

Editor and Mallagingdbirectar. Ian A. Burnett. Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

CIRCULATION "Coven Prince Edward Island like the dew"

"The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink'.

IHARL()'I'TETOW.V WEDNESDAY. AUG. ZGTISSI

Good News Froiii Britain

Although it has made few headlines. Britain's remarkable economic recovery is one of the great underlying facts of the world situation. The first thing the vis- itor to Britain notices, writes a London .-orrcspondcnl, is a general brightness and shcerfulncss, in sharp contrast to the dim- icss of life which lasted for eight years after the war ended. This first impression is fully confirmed by further inquiry.

Unemployment, which was beginning to worry the government seriously a year ago, is now virtually non-existant. Profits are good, and prosperity general. The crucial gold and dollar reserve, which is watched by British officials with all the anxiety of a mother watching the thermometer .of a sick child, is up almost three-quarters of a billion dollars over a year ago. The pro- duction index, which turned ominously downward in 1952, has turned up again. Moreover, there is a solid respect for the value of the pound sterling which has not existed for a long time. Internally, infla- tion has been almost stopped. and the pound is holding its own steadily on the world markets, I

All these pleasant facts are admitted by the British leaders and their economic ex- perts with an almost agonized reluctance, as though merely to mention them were to in- vite disaster. The British are downright superstitious about their economic situation, and especially in all odd-numbered years. The great post-war British economic crisis occurred in 1947, 1949 and 1951-and 1953 has not yet run its course, as the gloomier experts like to point out.

The current remarkable recovery is. moreover, in part a matter of sheer good luck. as Chancellor of the Exchequer R. A. Butler (whose political stock has been ris- ing steadily with the British boom) freely admits. The terms of trade began some months ago to turn in Britain's favor-the prices of raw materials which Britain im- ports have fallen while the prices of the manufactured goods Britain exports have held steady.

if. 5. Farm Experimentation

The work achieved by Dominion Gov- ernment Experimental Farms in this Prov- ince and throughout Canada has its count- crpart. in the Federal Experimental Farms in all the forty-eight states of the neigh- boring Republic. According to the National Geographic Magazine, which devotes a strik-

' ing article to this subject, the peak of effi- ciency equalled by American agriculture at the present time is largely due to the oper- ation of these farms. the most famous of which is at Bcltsvillo, twelve miles from Washington. -

Bcltsville scientists invented the aerosol spray bomb for killing harmful insects. They discovered the wccd-killing powersof the amazing chemical 2, 4-D. conducted the first American tests of DDT and develop- ed the hybrid Pan America tomato that resists wilt disease. They are working on a new strain of cotton that may prove to be supc1'ior to all others. The best local brands of dairy cattle are beipg crossbred with Rod Sindhis from India to produce cows that. will milk to cool climate quotas in the warm regions of the South.

V Beltsvillc workers have turned out hor- mone sprays that-...kee.p.-.-blossoms on fruit trees Jong past normal falling time. They invented a machine that sorts eggs for colon electronically. A new Korean grass being tested at Beltsville may be the long-sought lawn cover that crowds out crab grass. The farm has.produced a lily as big as a trom-. bone bell and a pig that won't sunburn. But of all the marvels created by these scientists. only one-n turkey that just fits on apartment-sized oven-bears the name "Beltsvllle." ' -

Largest in the nation, the experimental farm has 11,000 rolling Maryland acres. There are 2,000 employees, 950 buildings and 53 miles of roads. Included in the property are a granary, acres of green- , houses and an airport. Agents sent out ' to about the land .prior to its purchase 45 y.,.u;.yago reported it worn out and inter- ' soon restored tofull productionby scientific management. Beltsvllle is l a national pride, 1 major guardian of

forests and farms, food, cloth-

! nealcn.

Floral Emblems

Those who are always ready to argue long and loud about coats-of-arms or a dis- tinctive Canadian flag, says the Ottawa Citizen, will find fresh material for contro- versy in the color-bright field of provincial floral emblems. Research into the subject has produced emblems for all ten prov- lnces, most of them official but others still without legal sanction.

Quebec, for example, boasts the famed fleur de lis, the wild iris, and Ontario the flower in triplicate, the gentle white tril- lium. In the Maritimes, Prince Edward Is-

Brunswick the blue violet with its heart- shapedvleaves. In Nova Scotia, the trailing arbutus (clusters of white to rose-colored flowers and oval-shaped leathery leaves) has led the way since the official proclama- tion of 1901 although the mayflower is giv- en the nod in some quarters. Newfound- land reposes its faith in the pitcher plant with its pitcher-shaped leaves; it is said to have received its place of honor from the hands of no less a figure than Queen Vic- toria.

To the West, Manitoba has its anemone -crocus to the layman. Saskatchewan gives precedence to the prairie lily and its intense red or scarlet flower standing erect on the stem. Alberta adopted the wild rose as its emblem in 1930 even before Social Credit took office, while British Col- umbia has nominated the Pacific dogwood tree, 20 to 30 feet in height with pure white blossoms in clusters up to six in- ches across. As might be expected in the province whose inhabitants are occasional- ly caught effervescing about its balmy clime, the dogwood often blossoms twice, spring and fall.

, .

Scout Leader Passes

The death of Mr. W. L. (Bill) Currier, Ottawa, Deputy Chief Executive Commis- sioner of the Boy Scouts, will be learned -with regret here. Mr. Currier was well and favourably known, having spent some time in this Province, both actively in the furtherance of the Scout movement, and on vacation. His enthusiasm for Scout- ing was infectious and he no doubt turned aside more remunerative and enticing of- fers to stick with the youth movement so close to his heart. The success of the Scout movement in Canada today is in no smallimeasure a tribute to his outstanding zeal and initiative.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Prince Richard of Gloucester was born this date 1944.

If ex-Prime Minister Mossadcgh of Iran is executed for treason it will surely be the first time that anyone was so punished as a result of printing postage stamps. The stamps, labelled "Iranian Republic”. are be- ing interpreted as proof of disloyalty to the monarchy.

I Q I

Canada's first atomic pile, NRX. is ex- pected to be back in operation in October, ten months after it developed a pin-point radiation leak. The Chalk River project gave five years of service before having to close down temporarily. It is understood that the opportunity to inspect NRX will be of value in the construction of NRU which should be ready to operate in 1955.

O 0 f!

The fact that Labour Day this year is on the seventh, the latest it can be, may be- welcome to many school children and others but the variation from year to year provides a headache for those responsible for planning the school year. Under the proposed World Calendar it would invari- ably fall on the fourth and there would always be the same number of school days before Christmas.

The battle of Le Cateau was fought this date 1914. The 2nd Corps was in too precarious a position to join in the retreat ordered by Sir John French. With its flanks "in the air", it fought a. great battle with von Kluck. The British guns were out- numbered five to one. Theithree divisions temporarily held up seven German divisions before joining in the general retreat.

C O 0

Today a famous news service is being commemorated at Victoria Beach, near Dlgby, N. S. A memorial will be unveiled recalling the Pony Express which carried the news for the predecessor of the As- sociated Press from Halifax to Dlgby and thence by ferry to Saint John which was in telegraphic communication with points in the United States, thus beating. the stcamshlpe to Boston. The service was discontinued in November 1849 when the

telegraph was extended to Halifax.

land recognizes the ladyslipper and New'

TI-IE GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWTNI , '

All That We Need Now

I llECENT'Ol.b cl-lARLoT1'e'roum" COLUMN ewes us excmnr. ACCOUNT or

TWO ISLAND FISHERMEN BEING PURSUED BYA YELLOW AND W'H'TE STRIPED

J SEA SERPENT SOME TWO HUNDRED FEET LONG, RISING TWENTY FEET INTO :-

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this, don-t

If you see angthing like

to report it I

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PUBLlCg FORUM

This column in open to the dincuulon by correspondent of questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar- y the opinion of wuenpondenu.

ORIGINALITY AND IMITATION

sir,-May I be pardoned for taking up the gauntlet. which the learned Minor Saxon has thrown down. an the subject of ”Original- ity versus Imitation?"

I feel like a pygmy attacking a giant, but nonetheless "feel the urge” to add my bit towards push- ing this argument to a convincing conclusion.

Shall originality be sacrificed to imitation or imitation to origin- ality ln the progress of modem education? This is the question, I believe,-but the one that con- fronts my mind at the moment is slightly beside the issue, Have we, as teachers and educationlsts, any control over originality-true creative ability as it appears in the growing natural artist-to sac- rifice or in do otherwise with it? Is it not. true t.ha.t.when the ”God- gifted artist" is set; to work to do an exact. copy of a. former artist, in spite of orders. and his will to obey his instructors. the work automatically changes, be it music or painting, or writing, and that the finished copy mirrors the copy- ist. more than the.origlnal artist? Is it not true that, force an imi- tation as you will, crush origin- ality as you may, original creat- ive art. "will out" like the Truth that, lost for a while, eventually shine; to betray itself-a light in darkness?

I once studied music in a class with a little girl of talent some- what, youngcr. She was given a lesson from a famous artist to imitate. for her practice. A few days after the lesson. I was with her at the piano, while she played her previous week's lesson. As I listened I questioned some changes in time and variations-pa.rticular- ly variations; and she replied "Yes, its written that way, but I like to play it this way. It's pret- tlcr." I had to confess that it. was prettier, for her ammgement. she played li. exact for her teacher, but now, she was playmg rm- hersclf. She didn't change the notes, she merely changed the var- iations of the rhythm. She was about eight years old but quite gifted in music.

The question I am getting at, is this: Does imitation have any in- fluence--a.ny detrimental influence on originality? In it possible to sacrifice originality to imitation where "true originality" exists in the farm of art. or culture of any sort? ,

My conclusion is that it. is not liozolble to sacrifice ox-lginality to imitation, nor is it reasonable nor sensible to sacrifice imitation to originality. in so for as education is concerncd.- or in so far as ”t.ea.chers" are concemod. This matter, in I see it, in out. of our hands-I matter that takes care of itself-the concern ol"I'he Muses, as the ancients put. it. ,

lmltatldn is the only means by which the gifted child finds his way to true expression of original- ity. Imitation of the greatest art.- lsts teaches the growing artist the short. dull and direct routes to self expression. Have no fear as to his loss: he'll adjust. my of the land- marks. or offending ehrubberyfhet disturb his original eense of bar- mony, like the little girl at. the piano. The artist "will be" himself and expreu himself. as soon as the chains of instruction are lax enough to give him freedom. . ,

True orlal llty consist: in I name of harmony and discord. the ability to make fine distinctions, The true artist. may not. alwdys reveal these harmonics in his work. At. times they reach ecstatic heights and produce oeomething everlutlnzly lovely, but often. per- hnpe for want of education. or from other aunt. in ands him- self at, a loss for inspiration to express himself as he wlnhes. 'fthen

o T' 4451 tomatic, so much so that if the bee

WT tears out. the whole delicate appar-

”" atus you can watch the muscle: . still working the pump, and this

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TIZIE DESERTEID PASTURE

only the children come there, For buttemups in May.

or nuts in autumn, where it lies Dreaming the hours away.

Long since its strength was given To making good increase. And now its soul is turned again To beauty and to peace.

There in the early springtime The violets are blue. T-he-adder-tongues in coats of gold Are garmented anew.

There bayberry and aslee- Are crowded on its floors, When marching sifihmer balls to praise The Lord of out-of-doors.

And there October passes

In gorgeous liveryw .

In purple ash. and crimson oak, And golden tulip tree.

And when the winds of winter Their bugle blasts begin,

The snowy hosts of heaven arrive And pitch their tents therein.

-Bliss Carmen.

of the outstanding harmonies of beauty. The true artist falls in line with the: mind of the former artist, until he strikes these little discord: that jar his. own keen sense of harmony. Shakespeare, fhmugh the mouth of Jacques in "As You Like It", says he wanted to Write a. poem, but could not mid inspiration, so wrote a. "silly rhyme to spite in- vention".-words to this effect. But all people are not artists. The artist. is distinguished :1) by his desire to create new things, (2) by his dissatisfaction with things as others do them, in a. cultural sense; (3) he very often keeps by himself, not because he prefers 1r. be alone, but. because his keen sense of discord and harmony in music, rhythm, colour, ci.c.. makes him restless and uncomfortable in the general crowd-s. sense due to high nervous tension pcrhaps,1.ha.t other people neither feel nor un- derstand. As a child. he cannot explain it. He only withdraws and works at. the things he enjoys do- mg. t , This keen sense of harmony, and discord, is never sacrificed to imi- tation, and furthermore I would say that imitation must not be sacrificed under the false assump- tion that. it. gives way to original- ity. Originality must. be guided if it is to rise to true heights of self expression that can be truly ap- preciated by culture. The traveller wishes to reach I certain goal by travelling through n. woods. He knows his goal but has no guide or path. He finally arrives belatedly, scratched and torn, after his tortuous journey. This is the child of origimllly without education through.imltI.- Lion and rules of learning. Edu- cation with it: rules and imitation for practice would have shown him a. neat path free from thorns and obstacles. swamps and mud- plts, to his goal. on schedule time. Let's any in cluainn, that or-

.tsi.lon may not.

practice. .

the student to give freedom

iglnellty must. not be encritlced to imitation becnuee it. cannot. be in the mecca of learning, and imi- reuorwbly. be surrendered. becnuorlt. it one of the essentvinl took of learning and

Of those who lnllet upon con- tinued imitation after a certain degree of educetlon has enabled

o

tund P. I. 1.),

NEW INDUSTRIES

"We are happy to find that. two manufactures have been started in the City. Mr. W. B. Dawson. for making leather,-the other. of Craig & Company, for converting the leather into boots and shoes. The former of those is now well known. and its utility duly ap- preciated,-lhe second is of recent origin: both of these have been started without protection or duty. The spirited proprietors ascertain- ed that the time had conic. and took their measures accordingly. The City Tannery is a decided success, we should say.

"We looked int upon Messrs. Craig & Company's establishment a. day or two since, and were much gratified with the sight. Everything that can be done by machine-r,v, is so done; the stitch- ing and binding by means of the sewing machine. We were high- ly pleased with the operation of Cutting the heel of the boot or shoe at one cut, by the more pres- sure of the foot: another sllghl prcssurc rivets the metal eyelet into the lace-hole. There was also a machine of greater power work- cd by a crank, for giving the proper shape to the fronts of boot lc-gs. All these labour-saving ma- chines make, of course, the work cheaper, and us it should. always enables the maker to srll the article at the same or a lower price, than the imported one of the same quality. . .

"We do not know how many hands Mr. Dawson's cstzshlislimrnt maintains, but we have cnqulrcd and find that Messrs. Craig & Company cmploy over thirty per- sons. We sincerely trust that the success that may dcscrvcdly at.- tcnd those now instituted, will serve as an inducement to others in try their fortunes in other branches of trade."

-The Islander, Feb. 5, 186-1.

Tones TOITI Stones ("This Week In Britain") "The recent. discovery of the

litbophone is I. most. important

landmark in the field of musical history" said John Blacking. talk- ing in the BBC's Third Programme!

The lilhophone can be given no

aocunat-e dmte, but pnehlstorlam

affirm that. it was certainly in- vented before the birth of Christ, and was possibly four or even five thousand years old. The in- strument. consists of a. number of

tween twenty-five and thirty-five inches long, each weighing from eleven to twenty-six pounds. and it. was discovered in Indo China by a young French ethnographer who was on a mission. in Laos. one evening he heard people discuss- ing some large stones which had been dug up during the construc- tion of s new road and when he visited the site he i ” hlv realised flint. the stoneware of prehistoric origin. They were taken to the Muaee do L'Hommo in Paris and examined by the Head of the Department. of Prehistory. who was struck by the linking and trimming employed do their manu- factures. AA musloologiat plea rec-

ed the elements of a must- onl instrument with a male not unlike the typical Jsnvanesc one. and Dr. Kuot of Ameterdsm, the lenddm authority on Javanese music. confirmed this. After much research it was concluded that. the owner were mule expressly lfor muniul purposes and nubeequently abandoned. People who discover- ed them later were ignorant of

, graduate ,mathemat.lcs at Indiana university

sides of the stx.)nes.”rliey keys were

large. resonant pieces of alone. be- p

their real purpose and assumed

x.Notes By The Wax;

things which can be created mere- ly by talking about them.- Owen Sound Sun-Times.

A shark suffers no permanent loss if his front teeth fall out or even break off in a tough pray that gets away. Sev:ral smaller rows in back are constantly moving for- ward to replace front. teeth shed or lost, -- St. Czithazines Standard.

Down in Australia. the low com- pols people to cast their votes. And the report is that they accept the law in the same way regulations are accepted here, such as shovelllng the snow in winter time off the frontage walk. - St. Cathnrines Standard.

Prdf. Vaclav Illnvnty of the institute of applied

has nchlevcd solutions of funda- mental equations submitted by Al- bert Einsfein to explain the uni- verse. The Chicago Tribune says that when Einstein pi-opounded his theories, he said he was doubtful whether they were capable of dam- onstration. He credits Prof. Hiaw- aly with offering the right answers. -Vancouver News Herald.

"The poison of a bee stint is made up of two fluids, formic acid from one gland and an alkaline from a pair of glands. They unite in a tiny reservoir and then flow down a channel of the sting into the wound, being pumped down by I special act. of muscles. When once the bee has set. the poison flowing the operation becomes sui-

movement. has been known to go on by itself for as much as eight minutes until the machinery runs down." -Evelyn Cheeseman.