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“time boards of trade and farm organ-—

Che Guardian

Tovers Prince Edward Island Like The Dew W. J. Hancex, Publisher

Wallace Wr’ (Frank Watker Managing '° oF Editor Publishes every week dey morning (except Sun=

day and +" tor} holidays) at 165 Prince Street, Charlotretes-——?-£4—-by-Thomson-Newspapers- tid: Branch of -es at Summerside, Montague, Alberton and Souris -

———

&

ad, ot mint wi conrarrve agree ment had been turned down tater, by the ferry employees. ‘

This is very sane altudation tne

deed, and one which would indicate

that the national union leaders have

|_been doing some. barefaced buck-pas-

nationally by Thomson Newspapert: ©

'Represe "

Advertisin ices: Toronto 425 Universit, -Ave- 4. Empire 93-5594 Montreal 640 Cathcart Stree? Uni- Versity6-524<---Vestern- Office: 1030" Wear Georgia Street Cincai e MA 7037.

Member (2 3dian Daily Newspaper Publishers Association » > The Canadian Press. The Canadian Press is e% ely éntitled to the use for repub- licatian of news dispatches in this paper tredited to © to the Assoriated Press or Reuters and also +e Oca! naws published herein. All right ore cation of special dispatches here also rese Subscription rate:

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> Audit Bureay of Circulation. PAGE 4 MONDAY, AUGUST 29, d, 1966.

Timely Warning

.When Patliament meets today {t is hoped that it will get down to bus- iness as speedily as possible, and end the rai! strike. now threatening to

‘cripple the entire ration. That—is—

what. it has been. called for. Opposi- tion Leader Diefenbaker has. stated that his party will cooperate with the government to introduce an emer- gency measure to this end, and also a ‘new transportation bill. But he has warned, over tha-weekend. that any panic action leading to higher freight rates at the expense of the Prairies and Maritime: -provinces would be firmly resisted. It was to protect

“these areas where there is less com- petition with other. forms of trans- port, that freight rates were frozen some vears ago. ‘

There is a great clamor at present to implement the MacPherson royal commission. report, which was pub- lished back in 1962 and which would allow the rallways to set their own rates. In indicating that he would ~ legislate to-end—the-current_ strike, ‘Prime Minister. Pearson-has said he

-_” would bring méasures based on the

MacPherson report. Many of the com- * mission’s recommendations, indeed, are overdue for implementation. But

the danger that Mr.-Diefenbaker sees ~

here is that under pressure of a rail strike, little consideration will be given to separating the wheat from the chaff. It might be deemed poli-

tically. expedient to liberate freight © rates now,-to meet the railway strik-

ers’ demands.

The thought might even occur to some members of the government that after all, the Maritimes and the Prairies were the least responsive to Liberal campaign appeals in the last feder..! election, and don’t deserve _consideration now. Mr. Diefenbaker,

we gather, wants to disabuse them in-

advance of any idea of trying to sabo- tage the interests of these areas to meet the current crisis. .

The point is well taken. and a lot of

time will be saved by Mr. Pearson.

and his colleagues if they keep it in mind. Rail union wage increases since 1959 have come out of Ottawa operat- Ing grants which now cost $100 “mil lion a year, and which-~ -mav” have to be increased. This money, of rourse, comes out of the taxpayers; but at least it is apportioned on a -fairer basis than would be the case lf a competitive freight rates system

were allowed to run wild. Our Mari-_

zations fought that kind of thing for years, and we know where it would land us if it were resorted to again.

Passing The Buck?

Too late for comment in. these

columns Saturday was a front-page’.

story from Borden quoting Everett’

MacLeod, strike leader for the ferry workers. as stating that their strike action had been dictated to them by the national union office. The strike order, he said, was contained in a velegram on the afternoon of Aug. 24, \dvising them that the national organization was not prepared to pargain on maintenance of ferry ser- rice and stating that they were ‘ wired to follow instructions and go ‘on-strike in accordance with. the of- ficial strike call.”

This telegram, signed by. Ww liam . Smith, president of the Canadian 5 eeieriad of Railway. Tyamsport and General Workers, is directly contrary to. statements issued from the organization’s strike headquarters at Ottawa on the same date and ¢ar-

-+ ried ‘in our issue of Aug. 25. Therein

it was emphasized that, the Brother- hood felt concern about the situation that would develop here if the strike on the ferries was total, and that it did not favor such drastic action. Also it was stated that as a result of an earlier meeting in Montreal an agree- ment had been reached to allow a limited service of one ferry to the Is

Te: 4

’ tors, men women and ¢

sing at the expense of the Borden local. What we cannot understand is why Mr. MacLeod and_.his associates allowed the Ottawa reports to go -un- challenged for so long. They did state, it will be recalled, that their strike vote had been unanimous and. that they had even refused to discuss the possibilities of a limited service on the ferries. In-any. case, {t doesn’t change the

nature of the problem the public: is _

concerned about. This is the fact that

our most vital tink with the mainland=-

has. been severed by strike action, that this is a direct challenge to the authority of the federal government which. is constitutionally responsible for maintaining uninterrupted ser- vice, and.that the sooner we get act- ion in the matter the better. Let us hope this action will come today, and in a manner that will set a precedent to safeguard us against being placed in such a predicament again.

Fleeing For Freedom -

Fiedel Castro has always boasted. of exporting his Cuban revolution. And, notes the Milwaukee Journal, in a way he’s doing’ it. Between Dec. 1 and Aug. 5 some 30,485 Cubans landed at the Miami airport in

Florida. But they didn’t come as .

e as defec- children who had wanted to leave Cuba since Cas- tro took over. And 700,000 others are on lists stating that they want to

revolutionaries. They c

‘leave. At the present rate of arrival. it would take 14 years to. bring them

all in. Many are unwilling to wait. Since. Dec. 1 there Have been 568 Cubans who arrived in Florida in small-boats. Many others failed in the attempt.

_President Johnson. ann nounced

months ago. that Cubans who wished to leave-Cuba would be welcoméd™in the United States. Castro announced last year that those who wanted could go. This isn’t quite

true, of-course. He won’t allow tech-

nicians. and others he needs: to leave. But since Dec. 1 two airplane- trips a day, five-days a week, have brousht Cubans. No one in Miami knows who will be aboard the planes. But those who have relatives or friends on the long list of applicants keep vigils and from time to time are ‘rewarded.

As reunification: of families has been a priority goal in. the air lift operation, need much help. because they are cared for by relatives ‘already there and working. But. a large federally aided program to help. arrivals: has been working smoothly. A commu- nity of 100,000 Cubans has been growing in Miami.’ Many refugees have been sent to other parts of the country.

‘Castro has two reasons for letting “| ~peopleteave.tIt-provides a bit of a

release of pressure by those who are disenchanted and desperate. And as he allows them to take nothing of value with them, his administration is able to confiscate their worldly goods. In addition Castro undoubt- edly, considers the loss wot old people

be fed and housed.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Surprisingly, -

fewer persons arriving

‘a boon in_that-theyno TORESE need‘ to

__A bumper grain crop is anticipated

in the Canadian west. Getting the crop to market will be something else again if the rail dispute should be long delayed.

sees

e

Words worth recalling at this time are those of Prime Minister St. Lau- rent on Aug. 29, 1950, in presenting legislation to end the railway strike of that vear. Denying that - the measure was a blow to the principle of compulsory arbitration, he said: “Insistence upon what may be nor- mally private rights may at times

amount to .what becomes public wrongs.”” a According to Dr. James L. Good-

dard, head of the U.S. food and drug administration. a third of the nation’s manufacturers of prescription drugs violated federal rules against false and misleading advertising last year. The industry, he reported, spent be- tween $600 and $800 million on advertising and promotion in 1964,

most of it aimed at the approxima- —

tely 200.000 prescribing physicians in

the nation. This; notes on exchange, |

works out to about $3,000 per doctor. In practice it means that the pre- scribing physician is . overwhelmed with promotion material and sales! gimmicks.

|

<7

| ed for brilliance

geotiations

_alism;

addition

“WB THE SHORES OF 1TCHY-GIMMEE, ‘BY THE SHINING BIG-SEA-WATER,

{ ‘STOOD THE WIGWAM oF NOKoMis,

_ DAUGHTER OF THE MOON,NOROMIS,

DARK BEHIND It RosE THE FOREST, ROSE THE BLACK AND GLOOMY PINE-TREES) , Rose THE FIRS WITHCONES UPON THEM; = BEFORE IT BEAT THE WATER, \_

BEAD 1 THE CLRAN AND SUNNY WATER, —

Bear THE SHINING BIG- er “7 ta,

. from

ref! 4 Pa aes {AUSTRATED 76: ° a

“THE COMING OF THE TRADERS es

———

¥

K -

. Sa

- Sleep Killers Are Plentiful

By Dr. Theodore R. Van Dellen |

Sleep is not always peaceful. The blood pressure, for exam- ple, may go up to 200 in an ex- citing or terrifying dream. In | addition, -many—fears,—frustra-— tions, worries, and anxieties sup- pressed by day may become an- | noyances in . periods of . semi- wakefulness or in the waking | hours of the night. <

Various medical conditions are partial to the sleeper. The man with heart trouble, for example, may be awakened suddenly from a. sound sleep. Breathlessness forces him to sit up and occa- sionally he opens the window for | more air. After a varying inter: | val, relief ensues and he re- turns to bed. This is known as nocturnal dyspnea and is caused | by the effects of recumbency | upon the blood flow ‘through the | lungs when a ventricle of the heart through disease. Hemorrhages |

ulcer are not uncommon in slum ber, especially when a vivid dream makes the blood pres- sure rise or the heart beat fast- er. Most heart’ attacks also oc- eur at night:

‘Aches and pains in the extre: mities also ‘plague many per- | sons at night Cramps and | | Spasms of the calf muscle of one or both legs are prevalent not only among the middle-aged and elderly but the young: Numbness | and pain along the inner aspect of the hand and forearm also are _ troublesome nocturnal | symptoms. This condition Gacro- | paresthesia). favors middle-aged women and is brought on by |

-| Compression of the nerves of the | lower part of the brachial plexus |

by the neighboring structures

" when the muscles of the should- “ler girdle relax ‘in sleep. Moving

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson

A Pearson Boner Of Baleful Consequences

History lecturers, even the best, as a class are, not renown- in- economics

or adroitness ine labour rela- tions. - - The University “of Toronto's

former history. lecturer ~ Lester Bowles Pearson is no exception. His interference in the threaten- ed strike by St. Lawrence. Sea-

way workers in-June is now rec- | _ognized . here_as-a_ misfortune. in_

-this year's round of contract ne- with labour unions. When Parliament Hill's sluggish mentality has fully digested it, it will be recognized as_ poten- tially the greatest calamity to

~befall Canada economically -or

politically. since the il de- pression of 1929-1934. do not toss this off as a flip leaps it is a considered state= ment. which I shall explain.

OLD WAGES IN LINE

The Seaway Authority, always | union official

| operating. in the red, las’ year | reported an operating loss of | | $12,271,715 to be made gocd by | the taxpayers of Canada. It vra- perly said: that the increase sought could be neither afforded— nor justified. In conciliation the ‘majority report recommended a two-year contract with an _in- | crease of seven per cent each year; the union held out for 20 |

Pearson appointed Senator Lar-

ity MacKenzie as mediator, and

}ultimately approved’ his re¢ome-! }mendation of a two-year con- | tract providing an-immédiate 20 per cent increase plus a further | 10 per cent next year, with sub- | stantial fringe“benefits. For \in- stance; the Seaway used to pay | 50 per cent of the life insurance plan and 69 per cent of the med- tical care plan: henceforth it will | pay 100 per cent, of each. smift |

The facts are these. The Sea! Sitterential, trades pay for- wine

way employes about 1,200 men, chiefly operating and maintain- | ing locks on the upper St. Law-") rence and the Welland canal,

are six operators on each lock: a lock master who was paid from $2.23 to $2.61 an_ hour,

lock motorman at $2.23 to $2.42, and four linesmen_at $2.13. In the Seaway labourers -traffic control-

were paid. $2.13, and)

lers and machinists $2.77,

“marine engineers operating Her- |

ctiles floating ‘cranes at $3.19. This scale compared not un- favourably : with ‘the then pre- vailing Canadian wages as re- ported by the Bureau of Statls- | tics, such as $2.19 average in all manufacturing, $2.02 in high- | way and bridge -maintenance, $2.57 in urban transit, and $2.59 in engineering construction The Canadian Brotherhood of Railway, Transport and Gener- al Workers representing tte Seaway employees asked for an across-the-board increase of %5

. per. cent for a one-year contract.

Our Yesterdays

(From The Guardian Files)

of August-29,-1941)_ “Arthur “William Fadden was sworn in as Australia’s 13th Prime Minister. He succeeded Robert Menzies, who. resigned

because of the crisis brewed by }

his proposal that he go to Lon- don to sit in with the war cabi- net and retain his position as Prime Minister.

A personal message’ delivered to President Roosevelt from Japan’s Premier Fumimaro Ko- noyo opened the way for nego- tiations which may settle the question of peace or war in the Pacific.

TEN YEARS: AGO — ' (August 29, 1946)

Britain and France arranged to use the troubled isle of Cy- prus as an Allied -springboard military base in theSuezcrisis. military base in the Suez crisis.

A record crowd -and a large increase in the number of live- stock exhibits highlighted ‘the third. annual Crapaud Exhibi- tion, which’ was officiaHy open- ed by his Honor,. Lt. Governor T.W.L. Prowse.

Common Sense and — the “Femininity Pill”

No pill can make a woman

»- young again. But some women

can benefit from “estrogen ther- apy’. Does it actually help, them stay youhg and feminine? _ What are the risks with this i2..What. is. the truth about. emalte hormones for tha middle-aged? In Septemhe* Reader's Digest. get the farts about hormone pills? how, when used with common sense, these hy can bring relief and ee drt, safely and effectivelr, the women who ne 1 Read thi le of absorbing interest in- ptembet Reader's Digest now. ; . '

~

There |

Iter work and overtime meal al- | n- \Jowance are other items now eosting more.

and facilitating and controlling | cover, the, two year cee

_the movement of ships.

wage increases | | will cost $2.2 million, | fringe benefits and administra- tive charges will total the same, _| indicating an effective cost equi- valent to a 60 per cent wage boost.

BALEFUL PATTERN

| approving such a pay boost, no

and 20. Then Prime Mint ster +

while |

a

«74

in Canada would dare tell his membership that he seeks less. The government's ec- onomic advisers” have already warned that wage ~ increases should not .exceed productivity increasés, which is a fair and | Teasonable over- all yardstick— | with specific. and’ rate~ excep-‘ | tions. The recent USA airlines’

‘settlement: for 4.9 per cent is re- |

garded there as inflationary, be- ‘ing far outside the wage ‘produe- tivity ‘guidelines. Thus the “Pearson Patfern” puts Canada. on the slippery downshill slope | leading to galloping inflation. | If all Canadian wages rise at this rate, prices and taxes will have to rise proportionately. No | wage-earner will enjoy- greater purchasing | power at the end of | the’ round, but pensioners will enjoy tess;—and—more ~ import- ant—Canada’s~ competitive posi- tion in world markets will be se- | verely. damaged, with conse- | | quent massive unemployment hpossible-in-the export trades: The undisclosed gimmick in | the Seaway settlement is that. the workers did not seek. equal- | ity with other Canadian work- lers, but parity with USA Sea-_ way workers. This pattern ap- | plied generally will inevitably lead to the economic ruination | lof. Canada, and_ ultimately merge Caneda econom‘cal!y and

‘can Union.

Sit Down And Be Counted

Financial Post

~The whole “Issue of -the inde- | pendence of MP’s has blown up- | ‘again in Britain with the deser- ‘tion of 25 Laborites from. the | government's ranks on a proce- dural motion concerning the pri- | ‘ces and incomes bill. The rift, however; -appears to represent | more an old fashioned party ‘split than a crisis of conscience:* Labor’s left wing wants no part of- wage control. | This is somewhat the split inside the Canadian Li- | \beral Party on removal of the 6 percent ceiling on bank inter- | est rates and another which may , ~aevelop—on—medicare.Neither—of— these, however; have so far led to Liberal defections in Canada’s Parliament.

There is a built-in dilemma in responsible ‘parliamentary gov- ernment. On the one hand, the |

system cannot function without |

1

blocks..

thoes

Koeeston

Broadway

; OSes

similar ‘to -

some degree of party discipline To get its bills through | Howe, command the support of its own

| following and, in a minority sit- |

uation, of some others

At the same time, the voting public has little use for MPs ,| who are party sheep, merely fol- /lowing ‘their leaders. a show of independece by indl- viduals, at the same time de- manding that the system funct- ion smoothly.

In the upshot, an MP can. af-

| ford to defy his party only when | the outcome of the vote is un- |

LJikely—to—be-¢lose..Sturdy.inde-

| pendence quickly fades “into par=~

\f regularity when the life of | the. government is at stake. Nor

‘is this to be scoffed at, since an.

‘individual MP's opinion on a

| particular bill is a small matter »

compared with plunging. the

country into an election.

THERE'’S-‘NO END

. dividers... book shelves .

ically used for all these purposes. Some people have been known to use them > pe for smash-and-grab raids, even!

sub- |

‘It admires |

the affected limb affords relief.

There also are {nnumerable- || Psychotogical concomitants' of | Nocturnal wakefulness. Some | Persons have insomnia: others | develop delirium, somnambulism hypnagogic hallucinations, or | night terrors. Sleep paralysis ts a transient inability to move the | | arms and legs at the beginning | or end of sleep: the sensation lasts a few seconds and-is. térm- | inated -_by touching something. | Neuralgias also “must be includ- jed in the list. and the most se- | vere is rectal spasm which is as | disturbing to the patient as it is Puzzling fo the physician

Dr. Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if “stamped, sedf-addressed=-enve--4 lope _ accompanies request.

TOMORROW: “Breast cancer.

_ KIDNEY STIMULANTS V.'F. writes: Is water just as good a diuretic -as coffee? . : REPLY

A cup of coffee has a more stimulating effect upon the kid- neys than an equal amount of | | water, and in this respect is-a | better diuretic. On the other } hand, water can be taken with

impunity and because it is free |

| of caffeine and other chemicals | it is well tolerated; hence water

is_ preferred. | TEMPORARY EFFECTS ; §. H. writes: I am going to

have an Operation on my chest.- Before. -surgery the chest hair. ‘will be shaved. off. Will it 0" back? a REPLY. Yes, the effects of shaving are | temporary. regardless'of the lo--

With the federal government hence. politically in the Ameri:_;-cation-of_the_hair

MAKING INSOMNIA PAY —

L. R. writes: I never. sleep. | | What will hanpven to me?

REPLY | If you are truthful and ambt- | tious you will .add 20 productive years to your life. This is based |

the on the assumption that most of bark and rounded the government must’ us spend a third of our life sleep. Black oaks have darker bark

ing. NONSURGICAL ADHESIONS A.-B. writes: Can a_ person: who has never had surgery have adhesions? | . REPLY Yes, after an infection involv- ing abdominal organs. Adhe- sions are bands of scar tissue | resulting from an irritation. Today’s Health Hint —

} Don't smoke when refueling |

a lawn mower.

(NOTE: All correspondence to --Dr.Van_Dellen_ should be ad- | “dressed to: Dr- “Theodore Var

Dellen. co Chicago-Tribune, Chi- |

cago, Illinois.)

RANKS SECOND Montreal is the world’s. larg: est Paris.

TO THE US

Industrial buildi ings... schools... apartment . motels... churches... town houses — . country homes... offices... chimneys...

fireplaces oe) patios... interior walls... garden walls... ‘ barbecues ... book ends... paper ee eae planters weytiooe

é

Shaw Brickis bliceaastally and econom-

L. &. Shaw Limited — Head Office * Halifax

into the brain oF lungs from an |

French-speaking city after —$_—_—_———

— NOTES | BY THE WAY |

wite (at deth)" — asked for reference for our last | maid. I've sald she's | punctual and impertinent. Now ‘ean | anything in her fav- Lor?" Husband — {You might

say that she's gota good-appe-—+

| tite and sleeps well,’ — Mon-

jtreal’ Star.

| A man travelling through Wis- cconsin stopped by an Indian near | Black River Falls, who was sell- ing blankets, and inquired: ‘‘How much for this red blanket?” | erwenky-tive dollars,”’ was. {he answer. ‘Twenty-five’, exclaim led the tourist. “I'll give you five." "Oh no, brother,” came

| the rejoinder. ‘'No more ‘dea.s it ke Manhattan!"~—Chilton | \Times-Journal, °°

| A baby-sitter's success in min- ding: the children depends ‘how well they mind her.—Strat-

has ‘been weakened?! ford Beacon-Herald.

“ve been |

| is that so,’’ said the man. |¢an you tell me who took her.

“The way \automation is ‘bead. ing now, a person will -be lucky

| lazy, un- | if his job doesn't become oso.

lete before he does:—Port Arin. ur News-Chronicle.

The _Ottawa._Centennial.Com-_. mittee. says souvenir centenni:} coins will not be available next year. If we're not careful, there won't be a Centenary worth striking souvenir coins for.—Ot- tawa Journal.

“I'm sorry, sir,’ said the tele- phone operator, ‘‘but that num- ber has been taken out.” "Oh “Weil

out."’—Montreal Star.

“Oh yes,” sald Mrs. Lowell- Cabot, proudly, ‘‘we can trace our ancestors back to — to —

on | well, I don't know exactly who,

but we've been descending for

centuries."’—Montreal Star. By Joseph MacSween : . Canadian Press Staff Writer Rebel Prémiér Tan Smith's The timing.of the new bill ap- “Rinseane have thrown two | pears to be a deliberate affront | deliberate . bombshells in’ two |to the Commonwealth prime | days ministers scheduled to meet in The all-white -Rhodesian’ gov- | London Sept. 6. It is most of

ernment published a. bill Thurs- day des ,ned- to tighten the | screw- on the majority black | population. ~ —

Friday, Internal Affars Min- ister William Harper spoke in some of the- toughest language | yet heard of how government | forces deal with “whole gangs of terrorists’ moving. into Rho- | desia

“I want to make ‘this. point— | that we. have shot whole gangs of these terrorists+not. one. sur- | viving when_they resisted ~ ar- | rest.” he said. : | “Ard I can say that If such pedple-fall into the hands of the police, they will be dealt with as the criminals they are.~And | they. should remember that the police do not close cases on | such’_ persons until they have | achieved thetr objective;’’ Harper! has frequently been- cited as one of the hardrock, right-wingers who have pushed Smith into a more and more extreme position. He is seen as a *pQfsible successor to the Rhodesian Front party leader- ship .if Smith falters. | But Smith has - shown any--~ thing but weakness in his new demand - for a_ constitutional

| blacks—who -humber 4,000,000 in | a country of 4,200,000—of ‘rights they obtdined in Rhodesia’s 1962

=; Man who,

“change that” would deprive the}

“constitution.

Even the was considered ‘Most ‘Africans.

1961 intolerable

constitution by |

i=

all a slap in the face -for-Prime Minister Wilson—an” almost con- tempuous- dismissal ‘of the “talks about’ talks"::that-id == been in progress in Salisbury.

There is apparently no evt- dence to suggest that the Smith government was forced by any menace—external or -interna!— to consolidate its fllegat power with new constitutional _ meas- ures

Yet Smith seized this moment to harden his stance and move toward. apartheid-type legisla tion that can please no ca ercept South Africa. MAY. HELP WILSON

Some sources argue ~ that paradoxically, Smith's action

may work in favor of Wilson at: the Commonwealth summit.” Wilson can now appear as a far. from plotting a= -selHout,_ broke, off=the Salisbury - talks-when. a matter of principle became involved

Nevertheless the African premiers, in particular, are likely to demand, at Teast- tougher sanctions -against Rho- desia—_That-would_mean atrip to the United Nations to mae them mandatory on -all~ eoun- tries

-That—in—.turn—.would___mean.. eventual sanct fons against South Africa, in most opinions. It almost appears that Rho desia and South Africa were

| courting a showdown with the

United Natfons or ‘‘world

| opinion.”

ae

- When horns Haig Heavy

bess New York Times

Green acorns hang heavy in the oaks, ripening toward Octo- ; | ber wher their Tam 0° Shanter- | ed nuts will be a harvest for every squirrel, in the woods. From. that harvest, since a ‘squirrel’s : industry always sur- passes its memory, will sprout.

tomorrow's oak. groves.

| Thus, oak to nut to'squirre! to — oak again, have these noble” | trees. spread and persisted.

= ~Theré. are about “fifty species-; of oak native to this continent, and the acorn isthe ensigne of jevery one af them. They fall | |into two big groups, white oaks /a@nd black, and within each group is a variety of species. . White oaks have light-colored, Jeaf- tips.

}and sharp-tipped leaves. | The acorns of most of the | white oaks are edible and mod-

. Beverley 'the only girl among 17 cadets to receive her wings at a spe-

used them for food: Most black oak.acorns are bitter with tan nin. .

The old name for acorns. mast came from am Anglo-Sxon werd \for meat. They are rich in fat ‘and protein and in the old days, swine were herded into the oak woods ‘to ‘fatten on them.

Both animals and birds still eat them, Green as they are, the squirrels already are sampling them Another month and_ they -will--be feasting: —and-— planting -—- acorns, unwittingly, in every woodland where oaks can find jaf foothold

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