l l l: l 5 l l l l l

(Eh: fiunrdinu

CeverePrInceEdwnrdlsleedl.be'l'heDew W. J. Hancox, Publisher ‘

Burton Lewis Frank Walker

Ex-ecutivo Editor Editae

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nor. is ruviisbiiv SEPTEMBER. e. 1952.

Prompt Reaction

The Shaw Government has ac- curately interpreted public opinion by ordering a probe into charges of racial discrimination at North Shore resorts and tendering an apology to Dr. Phils and Mrs. Phils for the dis- courtesy they experienced during their recent visit to the Island. We are glad to place this prompt re- action on recard.

For it is the reaction that counts. No community can claim 100 per cent freedom from incidents of this kind. They crop up everywhere. They don’t advertise themselves and the public can be blissfully unconscious of them until some shocking fact is brought to its attention. Worse, they engender their own spirit of com- placency, until they fail to shock and b e c o m e acce1.ted—regretfully, of course-—as matters that can't be helped. and about which the less said the better. That was the danger that we were drifting into, and that we can be thankful for having escaped.

A few more words on this matter of racial snobbery and we trust that we shall have finished with it for good. It is as silly as it is obnoxious to civilized people. and historians, time and again, have turned their sharpest irony upon it. We recall such a reference to the subject in Arnold To_vnbee‘s “A Study of His- tory”, in which it is pointed out that whereas racial propagandists of our own civilization insist on fair skins as a mark of superiority—exalting Europeans over other races and Nordics over other Europeans—the Japanese employ a different physical test. This is why:

It so happens that the bodies of the Japanese are remarkably free from hair, and they have as their neighbors in their northern island a primitive community of quite a dif- ferent type, a physical type not un- like that of the average European, called the Hairy Ainu. Very natur- ally. therefore, says Dr. Toynbee, the Japanese associate hairlessness with superiority, “and, though their claim may be as baseless as our plea for the superiority of fair skins, it is superficially more plausible, for the hairless man is certainly, qua hairlessness, somewhat farther re- moved from his cousin. the ape.”

Which. of course, leaves out of consideration what the Hairy Ainu thinks about the matter. and how he would apply the principle of racial discrimination if he were running a posh summer resort.

Mr. Pearson's Plans

Liberal Leader Lester Pearson says he cons-iders it his duty to move ii motion of non-confidence in the Dlefenbuker government when Par- liament meets on Sept. 27. He might ‘find himself as embarrassed as Mr. Diefehbaker if the motion actually

W081

carried, for that would mean another '

election immediately. We don't think any ofthe parties are anxious for

thil happen. The members would ’

like to get at least one session] in- demnity before ‘fecfngtthe expense of enothercempaign, and we don't blame them. Apart from that, there's the uncertainty ihout how the pub-

iicwoulllreecttowerdsnyperty"

that another election at this tiiffl.

any confidence in the government, ‘or he wouldn't be where he is. That goes for the Sccred party leader, Mr. Thompson, and the NDP house lead- er as well.

The Liberals, says Mr. Pearson, had not criticized strongly the gov- ernment’s austerity measures be- cause “we put our country above party”; but “it is one thing to put into effect emergency measures and another thing to put into effect economic policies to get the country moving forward again——and that is still to be done.” And would that, we wonder, be achieved by forcing an- other scramble to the polls at this time?

The Liberal leader, we venture to say, was on safer ground when he warned the government against adopting a “negative and sterile” attitude on British membership in the European C o m m o n Market. "Trading relationships within the Commonwealth,” he said in a press interview, “are changing rapidly. The system of Commonwealth pref- erences created in 1932 has already been greatly eroded._It is hopeless to believe that this system can be patched up and restored. The urgent, essential task next week is not to patch, but to begin the building of a structure of Commonwealth trade in a new trading world.”

That was well said. If the govern- ment is wise it will pay attention to it. Whether or not it will figure in the non-confidence resolution Mr. Pearson proposes to move will de- pend on Mr. Diefenbaker’s attitude within the next few days at the Prime Ministers’ conference in Lon- don. We trust that on this point, at least, there will be no reasonable ground for Opposition criticism.

Slimmer Prospects

Prospects for next year’s unl- versity graduates landing some of the attractive federal civil service career jobs, according to a writer in the Financial Post, have been dark- ened considerably since the an- nouncement of the government’: austerity program.

One of the measures Ottawa says it is taking is a $250 million cut- back in government spending. Much of this will come from construction stoppages, but government depart- ments have been asked to slash all spending as drastically as possible. A blanket order has gone out to all departments to reduce their staff by 15 per cent. They can hire one person for every 10 they lose, until staff strength is reduced to 85 per cent of the number at July 13 last. Any emergency requirement outside the 1-in-10 rule has to be individual- ly referred to the Treasury Board for approval.

So recruiting of new graduates for the lower administration posts is bound to be considerably slowed for one year at least, maybe more. The Civil Service Commission has been instructed to go ahead with its usual university recruitment pro- gram——but they won't have any idea of the numbers required until they get into the field in Novem- ber.

EDITORIAL NOTES

It is said that only one man in a million understands the intemation- al situation. Isn't it odd, comments an exchange, how we keep running into him ?

O I

It has been announced that Prime Minister Diefenbaker will make use of Telstar on Sept. 12 for s televi- sion report from England to Canada on the progress of the Common- wealth Prime Ministers‘ Conference. He will speak fortwo minutes be- fore the TV camera in London. Tel- star, the galloping communications satellite afar in space, will take care of the Trans-Atlantic transmission.

3 O I

The last time the Argentine army fought anything but internal politi- cal battles was in the Indian wars of the 19th century. Probably that’: the trouble with it: too much idle time on its hands. The result is that that except for the brief interlude of the Frondizi regime (1958-62) Argen. tin has had military dictators since 1980. The army itself has 225,000 men and takes up 40 per cent of the national budget. The battle the gen- erals are fighting now, as the New York Times well says, is againfi their own people and against a gov. ernment they themselves chose as I facade for constitutionelism. While they squabble, the country disinte- lflfll. ‘

, .

GASIIZO $ENl>S cusiut nsuznsrolhsau ‘lDS'tUDYA£RrcuL'runs --'uienusIuaiiiieu'ui

BLIND LEADING THE BLIND

The Commonwealth of Nations is expanding like a balloon. More countries than ever before will be represented when the Prime Ministers of the Com- monwealth meet next week ' London, England.

Can this balloon go on expand- ing? Or will it pop? Or will it be pricked?

These questions are increas- ingly asked, especially by out- siders who find it impossible to define the mysterious invisible bonds which hold together so many peoples of different rac- es and creeds, living in repub- lics and monarchies, bound by no written alliance, and often- especially now - rent by diver- gent interests.

Prime Minister John Diefen- baker will once again lead the important Canadian delegation. He will confer as equal with the heads of fourteen other nations, ranging from the powerful and long-established United King- dom with its 53 million citizens, to the tiny week-old kingdom of Trinidad and Tobago with 826.- 000 inhabitants.

UNIQUE IN SIZE

No other friendly association of nations can boast the stagger- ing size of the complex Com- monwealth, whose 15 nations have 671.cltizens. This immen- sity itself suggests the answer to the gravest problem threaten- ing today: Britain's proposed entry into the European Com- mou Market.

Mr. Diefenbaker has always been a devoted advocate of the Commonwealth, as a vehicle for world-wide advancement, under- standing and peace. He describ- es the Commonwealth as al- ready passing through three stages of evolution.

First. its foundation. "The founder nations," he says. "did not join the Commonwealth. They were its inventors." These were Britain, Canada, South Afr-ilca, Australia and New Zea- an .

Then followed what Mr. Dlef- enbaker describes as "the Era of Change." "The second World War and its aftermath brought revolutionary changes," he says. “New nations were rising to

OUR YESTERDAYS (From the Guardian Files) 'l'WEN'l'Y - I-‘IVE YEARS AGO wfselltembet C. 1937)

' the give

eu- courese the children to attend.

llllam E. Barnes arrived in from Moncton

alliiiiiiii § gig .. ; ;r 3; sg§:§§ EiEi‘i.. iiii-SE-:3

u

I‘ .5‘ -IO.

reach for the goal of indepen-

pi

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson Vital Commonwealth Conference Questions

dance in freedom. For the first time, peoples of races other than white, of creeds other than christian, of stock other than European, were asserting their claims to enter into full and equal partnership."

“Now. I believe, we have ent- ered at third stage of develop- ment," he says. “Its a rrlv al was accelerated by the twin pressures of nationalism and de- colonization."

RACIAL EQUALITY COMES

This might be called the Era of Egality, for non-discriminw tion was immutably set up as the standard of membership at the March 1961 meeting of Commonwealth Prime Ministers, and South Africa withdrew from the Commonwealth. It is widely believed that several African and Asian nations would h is ve pricked the balloon by retiring then, had the old double stand- ard of citizenship been sustain- ed. Instead, they hailed Mr. Diefenbaker as their white spo- kesman, who played the leading role in achieving racial equal-

lty. This month's meeting will cen-

tre around a new topic-—trade. Britain is a manufacturing na- tion; it must export to live. Seeking larger markets for its products, it proposes to join the European Common Market. This step may alas mark the begin- ning of the disintegration of the Commonwealth, since it will in- volve her pooling many of her sovereign rights with other mem- be imnon Market. Would that make Britain only half a sovereign member of the Commonwealth? Or would it bring the Italians and Germans and others into half-membership of the Commonwealth?

Voices will be heard pleading that Britain seek the markets she needs within the Common- wealth, rather than in Europe, and remain an independent Commonwealth nation rather than become a mere state in a United Europe. 671 million con- sumers could constitute the lat- gest market in the world. Bri- tain‘: answer is that many of them, notably Canadians, have failed to “Buy British" and hence have forced this course upon Britaln's leaders.

Dilemma For Kennedy

Without its growing strength and ability to stir up is crisis at a time and place of its own choice, Russia is boldly chal- lenging the Monroe Doctrine from a position just 90 mflee off United States shores.

A few decades ago any Euro- pean power would have thought twice before ignoring the Ameri- can ' g, first enuciated by President James Monroe In 1823. to 'keep political fingers off the independent Latin American countries.

Monroe declared: We should consider any attempt on their (Europe's) part to extend their

stem to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety."

Soviet Premier Khrushchev says that doctrine is dead. He has made a deal with Fidel Castro to send men and eqiilp- ment — industrlufss well as military — into Cuba to bolster that Communist state against unrest in borne and the threat of invasion from abroad. CUBA CAN'T PAY

required no less

than 100 ships for transport

alone.

What guarantee can

cliev have that the‘

investment in manpower and

emlllnneiit in Cuba won't soon

be bulldozed into the Caribbean ‘I

Khrush- Soviet

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E

15

Es. ii,., iii“:

Monroe Doctrine h as been breached -- "That is why we oppose . . . what is happening in Cuba today."

But he also says he is opposed to any direct invasion of Cuba. Though American concern is great, “the United States has obligations all around the world. including West Berlin and other areas which are very sensitive and therefore I think that in considering what appropriate action we should take, we have to consider the totality of our obligations."

BALANCED BY BERLIN

In effect, Kennedy fears that if he pulls the trigger on Cuba, Khrushchev may stir up such I cauldron of crisis in Berlin that the U.S. might soon find itself involved in a shooting war of world dimensions. '

The great dilemma for Ken- nedy ls how to cliallence com- munism not only in Cuba but all in America without

Soviet mill-

of five who was dose of at’

' Penicillin Aids

cavity. The devitalized and in- fected fragments of bone must be taken out.

Now

some instances.. infec sides but the dead space in the bone fails to fill up. The body does not tolerate these cavities

‘ ii must be

gr .

In others, the scar tissue that remains after the infection sub- sides is so extensive. it is a he- zard rather than a blessing. The blood supply to this type of tis- sue is limited and a sligln in- jury might be just enouilb to ai-red

fectionintheskinorlhebone where the germs smolder for months or years. Small bits of bone may continue to break off because of poor circulation. They may absorb but recur- rence is llkely when they fester

These possibilities are men- tioned to demonstrate that it takes more than an antibiotic to heat an established osteo- myeliti . Some of the best anti- biotics are too toxic to be used for any length of time.

According to a recent report. some physicians blocked up the exit veins going from the infect- ed bone. They 11 large amounts of antibiotics into the isolated area. This concen- trated attack helped a few but was not entirely satisfactory.

(Dr. Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if

ped. self-addressed enve- lope accompanies request.)

DISEASES AND DISORDERS

J. 2. writes: Is there any dif- ference between a disease a dlmrder?

REPLY

Diseases are called disorders but not all disorders are called diseases. For example. a busi- ness or household disorder is not a disease.

SEDATIVE OVERDOSE

Mrs. D. writes: Is there any permanent harm done to a child glyen an over- ii .

No. not if the child regains consciousness. Today's Health Hint-

Care, love, and humanity raise hope.

NOTES ear in: WAY

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Pehetebudsepeeees as he built in Belfast. But that weftniakeneifest the only ekyin which pedestrians are heiagevemn-—0.J.

Theeewaepdeelegegivet aateearebynowlearnhglhst aiiniversitydeaeeis as sub-

John Roberts “the greatest au- ger - daddy that we (Ottawa) have," she was being her

the other municipalities choose to -interpret lt.- Windsor Star.

Mochingsnlflliing Over

which an errlng amp machine bit a customer. The customer, it will be recalled, was a young lady, trying to extract a stamp that had stuck: she got a finger caught: and she and the mach- ine had eventually to be taken to the hospital by the fire bri-

acle before she could be re-

you

used. I

The moralists will see in this strange episode a symbolic dra- matization of the machine‘: now complete mastery over man. Men have known for a time, of course, that this servi- tude to the macli)ine was on the way; they have heard it pro- phesied for years; but the had not grasped that the mach- ine the prophets were talking about was. or would be. a slot- machine. Andyehhowplahiltallla.

_._..:

‘ ROAD MAP

The map showed roads and tun- nels, towns,

And bridges arching over.

But did not mention on its chart

A wind from seas of clover;

It did not mark alone elm tandln

I 8 In the midst of wheat, of man who There was no indication of The cows that stood In brooks,

sy swimming nooks; No note was made of buckwheat

bloom. Blllowing to spread A

A map could never specify

now that the scales are lifted, now that (as it were) the penny s p . The slot-machine has been creeping up on us for years. and today as reach. ed a position of authority in which civilized man is compel}. edtocarryaroundvrlthhlmat all times a regulation collection of pennies, six-pencea. shillings, and half-crowns so that he may be ready to make what- ever sacrlfice may be demand. ed the altar of these proli- feratlng little tin gods. , _. I-Iow bereft. how ' , a all how powerless he feels as he stands before the stamp ma- chine, the chocolate machine, or the telephone kiosk — after dark, in all proba searches his pockets hi vain for an acceptable offering. 011 wells, bingo clubs, and steel mills lie

and to find it - or his pocket-—

empty.

The machines themselves are not unaware of their growing power. Their behavior reveals as much. It also reveals that in

e course of their evolution they have picked up many of the common faults of man himself. SUPERCILIOUS, T00

They are frequently dishonest,

no lnten o goods. They can be supercilious. rejecting over and over again a perfectly good sixpence. Tlmy can be awkward, stubborn, un- and they can

one ought not to countenance (I: last delinquency. but one cannot help hoping that a mach- ine of this sort is saving up to

makeamendstotliatnnfortun- at.eyoungladyln'l' to.

go on stage

It}: called psychodrama — 1 form of group therapy in which married couples and even couples planning to get married take their problems to the Moreno Institute in New .York and act them out on a stage before an Interested and sympathetic audience. Carefully surveying the real-life drama are ' ' Dr. Moreno, a Viennese-born _ psychiatrist and members of the staff who often take the part of a troublesome in-law or a not-to-be- neglected conscience. Problems are clarified. tensions eased and solutions found--sometimes in more compatible unions. sometimes In divorce. Weekend Magazine

Staff

brings you the story

Writer Bill Trent

niriiior.