PAGE 4

3 Newfoundland Grievances

One.thing seems evident in the —

financial settlement which the Fede- ral Government, has imposed upon Newfoundland. That is that Premier Smallwood gained nothing by his in-

sistence on sharing in what were originally intended as adjustment :

grants for the Maritime Provinces, and which subsequently were divid- ed four ways instead of three, and

|__ealled Atlantic Provinces’ grants.

At that time a Royal Commission was considering Newfoundland’s fis- cal claims’ under Article 29 of its terms of union; but Mr. Smallwood ‘declared, that this had no bearing on the ; grants then being considered, and roundly told Prime Minister Diefenbaker that he would not dare to come into the Province in the pending election campaign unless it shared in their distribution. He got 30 per cent, or $7,500,000 annually for four years, under this arrange- ment; and Prince Edward Islahd’s portion was reduced to $2,500,000 annually—$1,300,000 less than the amount originally proposed. We pre- dicted at that time that the only gainer by this transaction would be the Federal Government, and this has turned out to be the case.

In announcing the Newfoundland settlement last week, Prime Minis, ter Diefenbaker mentioned, among compensations received by that Pro- vince from Ottawa, “the higher than average per capita benefit extended through the Atlantic Provinces ad- justment grants,” as well as various increased or new conditional grants. The Royal Commission had recom- mended additional aid in the amount of $8,000,000 yearly, including the transitional grants. This fell far short of Premier Smallwood’s de- mands, which were for $17,000,000 annually. In accepting the Commis- sion’s recommendation, Prime Minis- ter Diefenbaker intimated that the payments would terminate March 31, 1962, and would be “in final and irrevocable settlement of the provi- sions of Article 29 and the contract- ual obligations of the union consum- mated in 1949.”

This is ¢onstrued by Premier Smallwood as a violation of the Con- federation agreement, and there has been much indignation over the Ot- tawa ruling. After all, Canada gain- ed, at the time of union, inclusive of Newfoundland-Labrador, 152,000 square miles and control of her east-

' ern gateway. With these she acquir-

ed a population now numbering 450,000 and. vast natural wealth in” forests, fisHbries, minerals and hydro-electric potential. Before many years have passed, Canada will, be the greatest exporter of iron ore in the world as a result of this trans- action. Her export trade has already been greatly increased, and there are other factors, tangible and intang- ible, to place to the account. Mr. Diefenbaker mentioned none of these things in his statement in the House of Commens, and his abrupt an- nouncement, at a time when the rela- tions between his own Government and that of Newfoundland have been strained almost to the breaking point, leaves much to be desired.

We in Prince Edward Island are perhaps in a better position than any other part of Canada to sympathize with Newfoundland and her needs. We too have experienced the dis- appointment of hopes deferred, of grievances discounted and claims ignored; and. we have been reminded {as has Newfoundland on many occasions—of compensating berf@fits for which we should be thankful— old age pensions and mothers’ and childrens’ allowances, unemployment payments and health services, ete. They all add up to quite a sum, but

_ what of it? We are paying for these things in high tariffs, exorbitant freight rates and other restrictions which have enabled the bigger pro-

vinces to forge ahead at our expense, 4

and create their huge industrial for- tunes. ‘ We have taken issue with’ Mr. Smallwood on the division of the ad- justment grants above mentioned, for his insistence at that time was

ri of 7 EF

i

ti 4 &

FF

& 8

g

Fd re ef +

;

g

i a

:

and bold! . °.

' Encouraging Progress - _. Ten years ago only a few cases of cardiac disease could be corrected through surgery. Today the majority of heart ailments can be helped, but the operations involved are extreme- ly diffiéult to perform. Doctors in Toronto aré now exploring a promis- ing way of making the operation simpler and less hazardous. This is by making’ heart patients .“hiber- nate” in the same way that ground- hogs do in winter. The heart of:a hi- bernating groundhog beats only once or twice a minute. If the human

.a similar extent, surgery on it could be greatly simplified. :

Other advances are being made, both in treatment and surgery of heart ailments, which hold out the hope that these diseases will soon loose their first place among the causes of death. A number of new drugs have been developed that have greatly reduced the danger of high

|° blood pressure. Diseased arteries can now be replaced by artificial arteries

made of nylon. And recently a me- chanical heart and lung were invent- ed which can operate temporarily while a patient’s own heart or lung is being operated on.

Advances of this kind rarely make the headlines, but they are a

true index of human progress and achievement.

Aid For Souris

There was a fine spirit of cooper- ation in the assistance given in fight- ing this week’s disastrous fire in Souris, and in the Red Cross activi- ties in aiding the distressed families. The rehabilitation required in the weeks and months ahead will pro- vide our citizens generally with the opportunity of showing their sym- pathy in a practical manner.

Souris is one of the most pro- gressive towns in the Maritime Pro- vinces, and the loss it has suffered will but serve as a spur to further en- terprise and initative. the mean- time, however, the need is urgent and there should be no lack of response to any appeals that may be made. In- deed, we feel that our people will re- gard it as a privilege to help out, in any possible way, in this emergency. This goes for the Government as well, in any assistance that can be given on a provincial basis.

cDITORIAL NOTES

One of the problems created by the exclusion of Communist China from the United Nations has been underlined in recent weeks. The initial Chinese attack on Tibet, and the subsequent repression of its people, appear fully as high-handed, and perhaps as brutal, as Russia’s action in Hungary. But as matters now stand, there is no way by which the U.N. can summon the Pekin Government to account for its ac- tions, or focus the spotlight of world opinion upon them.

* * . One would think that a large contingent of school children freed from all classroom chores for a long period would swell the ranks of mischief-makers in the community. Not in Norfolk, Virgina, however, where the city’s six secondary schools were closed from September through last January. During that time, the number. of juvenile delin- quents handled by the police de- - clined. More than 10,000 youngsters were locked out, and their good be- haviour is certainly commendable.

* * «*

The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company—popularly known as A and P—recently observed its 100th anniversary. It began as a small tea store on a side street in New York. Today it has a chain of more than 4,000 supermarkets ex- tending throughout the United “States. In addition, the company Operates scores of warehouses, bakeries, coffee roasting plants, milk plants and a salmon fishery fleet and canneries. It employs more than 145,000 persons. -Its~annual—sales

come to about $5 billion. ; \

heart could safely be slowed down to .

TneiR Cost ESTIMATES ue *

THAT WE GET ALL-THE GORY’ DETAILS ——

_ WAS ANBW PROJECT OW: ‘ FILBERTS COME UPWITH J e Sse .

\\e fea

o 7 f

we

“ME DIGGING STARTS

Ps

Canada, as this column recen- tly pointed out, has long ago agreed to form a trede alliance with her allies in the North At- lantie Treaty. Organization — (NATO) to improve the living

PUBLIC FORUM

This ‘column is open to the discus

sion by correspondents of question c.

interest. The Guardian does not ceser

sarily *n‘orse the opinions @f corres pondents.

COSTS OF EDUCATION

Sir,—In a recent letter to the press, Mr. E.C. Johnstone, May- or of Charlottetown, presented some observations pertaining to City finances, particularly refer- ring to the rapidly mounting cos‘ of education in this City. Among other matters he stated that in 1956 the Provincial epeartmen of Education contributed $599.44"

per pupil, implying that Char. lottetown, under the present Act, did not receive similar consider- ation.

Uafortunately the figure was in- accurate as was correctly point- ed out in the Legislature the fol- lowing day. For any embarrass-

is my duty to take full responsi- bility for the error inasmuch as the figure used was taken from

a survey of provincial educatior

| finances ‘which I had prepared ' and given to him for information

The misinterpretation of the item was due to careless wording in my report.

However, in expressing regret I wish to use the opportunity pre- sented to give your readers, ‘par- ticularly the taxpayers of Sum- merside and Charlottetown, the reasons for instituting the finan- cial survey in the first instance. Both Charlottetown and Summer- side were included jn the report as these two urban centres ad- minister their schools under a special section of the School Act, Part 5, Paragraph 102 - 116.

In 19556 Summerside built a new high school with auditor'vm - gymnasium costing $550,000. The only assistance available frem the Department of Education under the present Act was $25,009 and this because the academic build- ing provided classrooms for Grades 11 and 12. During the past five years the City of Charlctte-

town has provided funds totall- |

ing $1,400,000 for the building

'- and equipping of two new schools. | Charlottetown, not having thee two grades, was not eligible to | receive any capital grants. It |

should be stated, however, that the interest-free—iean—of $153,000 repayable over a ten-year per- iod received from the Provincial Government did save the City considerable interest charges.

This situation seemed to pre- sent an anomaly, particularly when set against the following pertinent facts. The combined population of Charlottetown and Summerside represents 27 per cent of the total population of the Province and their scheol population represents 21 per cent of the provincial total. Further, on the basis of Federal income tax payments, 69 per tent of all taxnayers live in these two areas and they pay 66 per cent of the total federal taxes collected. If business and corporate taxes were included the proportion would be considerably higher. In light of these facts, it seems rea- sonable to ask why Charlottetown and Summerside taxpayers should not be eligible for some asris- tance in capital expend'tures in- volving the building and operat- ing of their schools.

Qn ‘investigation the . answer was not hard to find. It lics in the present School Act. The sec- tions under which Charlottetown and Summerside operate their schools have not been substan- tially altered. since their adop- tion in the horse and bugzy days. All other schools in the Province

pertaining to Ryral Schools: These sections have had many amendments and additions, par- ticularly during the past ten <i

v

nue

to rural school districts, or $34.5° |

ment caused Mayor Johnstone it |

NATO Trade Alliance

By Patrick Nic

| sandards of us all.

| But so much emphasis has al- | ready been placed upon the mil- j itary site cf NATO that it can never~ become the cold war ec- onomic alliance as was original- ly planned. NATO is irreparably dubbed a military partnership: if at this hate date the. attempt were made to place a plough- | share in its left hand, when its ‘right hand has so long. wield- ed a sword, its motives would | 22 dstrusted throughout the werld.

| Some vehicle other than NATO , must now be devised for the | Widely valued and newly essen- | tizl] prooesals which Caneda in- corporated into the NATO treaty. Teday, six of our NATO al- lics have already formed them-

| selves into the European Com- | mon Marke‘, which has already | actually begun to reduce tariffs, and which will undcubtedly. im- prove living standards and create | more assured employment within

those six nations. Seven other | NATO allies, all in Eurcpe, are

seeking ways and means to as- | sociate themselves with that pro-

— years, as educational servites: exoanded. Net only is assistance provided ! rural schools for capital expendi- tures, but ag:istance is also pro- vided for such indispensable items as classroom furn'shings, laboratory equipment, audio-visu- al aid equipment such as pro- jectors etc., grants for library and academic texts and so on. To these must be added the rapid- ly expanding costs for pupil trans- portation in those districts re- | quiring it. From the point of view of sound sciool administration, it seems relevant to suggest that the time is long overdue to consider re- visions of the School Act, which will provide the taxpayers of Charlottetown and Summerside a | more equitable share of the edu- | cational tax dollar, The per pupil coct in these two urban centres fs | how over $100.00 against a pro- | vincial district average of less | than $50.00 per pupil. | The other corporated towns in the Province, being designated as | rural schools under the Act, are eligible for the many types of es- | sistance mentioned above. It is to be hoved that Dr. LaZerte, the schocl financial expert, who is | soon to undertake a survey in this province, will find a just basis | for recommending corresponding

sed taxpayer cf Charlottetown and Summerside. I am, Sir, -ete.. K.A. PARKER Superintendent of Schools Charlottetown

INCOME TAX

Sir,—In a recent contribution to the Public Forum by W.L. MacDonald, M.D., he makes some rather disparaging asser- tions re the amount contributed by farmers to our economy. He would have us believe that all our highway construction,’ social benefits, subsidies, étc., we owe to the generosity of such as he, Now if we were receiving re- turns for our labour, in propor- tion to what we have to Ray for service such as Dr. MacDonald supplies, we would be paying so much income tax that our pave- ment could resemblé that of the Celestial City.

Now do I hear him say that his service is so much more impor- tant? Well, everyone appreciates the wonderful advances in medi- cal science for the relief of suf- fering and the saving of life. Still, it would be wasted effort if there was no food topsustain that life. So-brother farmers, if we aré not paying much income tax, let us take ‘pride in the fact that we are helping to furnish that - “daily seed aie as far as our phy- sical wi is concerned, is the a thing we are taught to 5c I am, Sir, eic.,

Southern Kings ~

consideration for the hard pres- .

WARMER |.

FHEY’LL DO IT EVERY TIME: OTTAWA REPORT

mised prosperity. In the United States, the legislature has heard demands that other free nations join with her in closer trading associations, whica John Foster Dulles has declared are ‘“‘essen- tial for the peace of the Uniied States"’.

WHITHER OUR TRADE

What meanwhile has Canada, the parent of NATO’s “Canadian Clause’’ undertakinz mutual he’p in trade, been dcing, in the ten years since we initiated and joined the hot war and cold war partnership called NATO?

The British offered us a free trade deal; we might have found that attractive, if we had sat down at the conference teble and discussed possible delimitetions. But we ignored that offer. and have done nothing in any direc- tion about our cold war alliance, in site of th> warning words spoken by Soviet Leader Krush- chev: :

“We declare war upon you— excuse me for using such an ex- pression—in the peaceful fie'd of trade. We dec'are a war which -we will win. The threat to you is not the intercontinental ba‘l- istic missiile, but in the fie'd of peaceful production. We are re- lentless in this, and it will prove the superiority of our system.” SOVIET TRADE WAR

The deepest impression among the many made upon Prime Minister John Diefenbaker dur- ing his recent world tour in Asia was possibly his realization that there the Soviet bloc is iadeed fighting us in an all-out world war, by means of a tfade of- fensive.

Through a brilliantly clever trade war, in which all the com- munist satellite countries are fighting willy-nilly by her side. Russia is striving to draw the nations of Asia, the miclions in Asia, into her orbit. If she suc- ceeds there, she will then more easily do the same in Africa.

Russia will then be poised to win the final battle against us in a bloodless co'd war. Saskat- chewan will be within measur- able distance of becoming a com. munist collective farm; the av- erage Canadian weekly factory wage will plummet to the . qui- valent of $14 now ruling in other Soviet satellite countries; some 7 per cent of our farm, fac- tory and mine produce will be compulsorily exported; travels outside Canada will be banned for holidaying families; we will ki.s farewell to Californian or amzes, Jamaican bananas, Am- erican gadgets, and similar lux- ury imports. The matter aout a distinctive Canadian flag will end abruptly as we are all for- cod to bend the knee to the com-

_likely-to be severe, however, if it

| le of this kind during adolescence,

this serious disease. Statistics tell us parent has diabetes, are one in four that

mean that he will develop the d's- ease in childhood. It may not be notjceable until sometime after he reaches 40.—— SERIOUS DISEASE ;

Diabetes always is a serious matter, even though the disease may not be severe. Kk 4is more

develops in childhocd.

That is why all of you parents, whether you are diabetics ycur- selves, or not, should be watchful for any of the following symp- toms:

Fatigue or weakness, loss of weight, blurring vision, frequent beils, sorés which refuse to heal, pain or tingling in the arms or legs, or an inability to recover from minor illnesses.

These are. among the earliest Signs of diabetes. i SYMPTOMS

Contrary to -pooular belief, ex- «| cessive thirst and the passing of lange quantities or urine are not, as a rule, the most important S!appicms.

These do occur, of course, but only when the disease is severe.

Your job as parents is to de- tect diabetes before it gets to that stage.

Naturally, this is not a simple job. Sometimes mild cases of dia- betes develop without showing any symptoms at ell. Such cases usually are discovered by the fami'y doctor during a routine physical examination.

It’s another reason why routine physicals are essential for every- body, including the youngest chil- dren.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Mrs. H. O.:: Could skin trouble (white-heads, pimples, etc.) be caused by an allergy in a 24 year-old girl who never h2d troub-

and, what kind of a specialist should be consulted?

Answer: Although these skin troubles are ot usually allergic in or.gin, diet may be a factor. It would be well to consult a derma- telogist.

munist hammer and sickle. |

The alternative ahead of us is to collabcrate with out friends and neighbours around the basin of the North Atalntic ocean, to form ourselves into a big trad- ing area, to ensure for ourselves the improved conditions which would rosvit, and to show even more gere-csity to our less for- | tuncte fedow humans in less /| blessed lands.

We oftea sneer somewhat con- temptuousy at the backward “Old Weald", with its primi- tive plumbing, small motor cars, low wages and old fashioned id- eas. Sometimes its uncentamina-

-cheaper living costs and proven methods are nevertheless start- lingly better then our counter- parts. One day we will awaken to the fact that the ideas behind the Eurovean Common Market, ideas borrowed from Canada’s propos- al and copied from the example of the United States, not only would benefit us greatly, but are essential to us... -

MAXIMS

While we cannot endure to be decieved by our enemies or be- trayed by our fricrds, we are often content so to serve oursel- ves.

FAMOUS TRACK Horse-races were he'd at Ep- som Downs in England as early as 1730, or 50 years befor the

first Derby was run.

—

IF YOUR GUARDIAN IS LATE... OR MISSED

missed.

DIAL

and a paper will be delivered right to your door. ‘Special delivery service available between 8:30 a.m, to 9:00 a.m. if your paper is late — or

6561

DIAL

173 Great George St.

For the Fastest Service in Town, call

ED'S TAXI

Ed's Slogan: “To maintain the goodwill of those whom we serve — the goal for which we strive!”

ae

6561

Charlottetown

ted rivers, less gas-greedy cars, |

| (From the Guardian Files)

OUR YESTERDAYS

Thor; the pride of -British rock-

By Ed

The contrary electorate of Nor- folk South-West, emerg'ng from its hole like a groundhog, has probably assured Britain of an- other six months without a gen- eral election.

Before this week’s byelection, the constituency’s chief claim to fame arose from the 1955 con- test, when it turned out its Con- servative member of Parliament in favor of a Labor man while the rest of the country was busy throwing out Labor MPs and put- ting Tory candidates in.

This time, o‘fered a chance to climb abcard the 1955 bandwagon, Norfolk Scuth . West replied by pushing Labor’s margin over the government candidate from 193 votes to 1,354.

SEVENFOLD INCREASE

Most of the experts had pre- dicted that Labor would scrape through in the byelection, but the sevenfold increase took almost everyone by surprise. It now ap- pears probable that the Conser- vatives will spend some time in exhaustive research as to what hit them before Prime Minister Macmillan dissolves Parliament and asks for another term.

The vote came 2 hours after Macmillan returned from Wash- ington on the last leg of a round, of diplomatic activities that promised to lead to a summit meeting and had brought his per- sonal prestige to its zenith.

The commentators were quick to observe that foreign policy doesn't win elections, particularly in peacetime. But the constituency had no obvious domestic grie- vance that would account for the result.

NO SPARKS STRUCK

Its farmers had recently bene- fited from an increase in agricul- tural subsidies. The light industry in its towns was unaffected by

Labor Victory

In Norfolk

Simens

Canadian Press Staff Writer

been severe in other parts of the country, The Labor candidate had struck no noticeable sparks dur- ing his campaign.

A former Conservative of ex- treme right-wing views ran as a third-party candidate, but the 78 votes he received were insuffici- ent to account for the anti-gov- ernment swing.

The significance of any single byelection always looms consid- erably larger in the pronounce- ments of the winning party than

South-West voting could conceal the fact that Conservatives took a beating.

! menting rectal itch are often tell-tale

Ti rid of these they must be killed Me ef mor where i iply. And clinical

a pleacant, fruity taste. Children love it—take it without fuss or fret.

Remember, Pin-Worms and Round-Worms are highly ——

eee, SE GE PE EE

j JAYNES LIQUID

Also Available For Pin-Worms

the unemployment which has

movies, parties, dancing . —plus a standard of service

_eneemeennel

a

ee \

THAT STRETCHES AROUND THE WORLD

For the most delightful way of enjoying the wonderful world in which we live, nothing surpasses the thrill of a CUNARD ocean voyage. Here is the perfect, relaxing crossing to Europe . . . the glory of following the sun to the West Indies or South America . . . the indelible memories of a cruise in the azure Mediterranean . . . trip of a lifetime to five continents of the globe.

the

- Wherever you go, whenever you travel at sea, with CUNARD all pleasures take on fresh, exciting dimensions; The renowned Cunard fleet offers luxury living . . . unsurpassed cuisine . . . fun-packed days ...

.. airy, inviting staterooms that for 119 years has been

the Hallmark of Ocean Travel! And why not turn every business trip into a pleasure cruise?

Gigs Ulf dete = “ G0,CUNARD

on sipmencentccennttal Teo