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lama; or name! MONABOFY is ascsrnzn

' r0 LOVE or NATION‘ FOR sraaurrv- AND ODIRLINBBB

t CRAP!!! t5. is great democracy in wgunecse. claims royal biographer L“ ‘Nvemn; study o1 monarchy vmus n-pilblicsnism - Constitu- umm government looted in tradi-

whet Empire owes to in Royal Family-

(m mglisi-i character! wniun‘ ence: for this an er - waging reasons. the official bio- mphe, o; gin; George gives credit m, m; way the British EMMY! hi6 wamgmd the geles of perodic re- publicanim all the wihile areal d“, gown throughout Europe be: wpplgd inm oblivion, - often the owner's head with it.)

3y Major 0. I‘. L. Kipling . (Conﬂuent loan)

‘mere is something in the English muster which 118111811!!! stability and crderliness in Govea-ment, which mstirlctively avoids extremes. It is we d mass mite which are more national than personal. an lulder- cilrrent setting steadily in a given dkecmyn and persisting in spite of ygnpests and tornadoes on the sur- (we. And that undercurrent, trend- mg m definitely towards monarchy, 3,5 me most comprehensive form 0f a. constitutional goverrnent.

We have already seen that the mgliah people, as soon as they could becauecapecnle. beach to ‘ cw. Kings. to put, one men into n position oi headship. of leadership. by electlon_ This was the standing of the Saxon Kings and it survives, in in maexice. in that pB-rt of our Coro- nation service always known as the "Recognition", when the new King is presented to his people as their lead- er and representative by choice and cams. and acclaimed as ‘such.

But then that element of order- liness in the English character went further. and fixed its choice upon a family. n dynasty, sustaining the hereditary principle. as against that which would pick and choose amorlgst many possible leaders of

> the State. The King, instead of a King. said the English in effect - and, contradictory es it may seem in face o; certain events. they have kept to that principle. almost unde- iiaululy. throughout nil history un- Lil now

We can see that this essentially 51841-111» trait of ‘character was re- cognised and understood. it we

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Biﬂgrdphy 0f

Sluice thrcugi-l ' the succession of thine who have ruled England. ihfﬂllkhout the Saxon peﬂnd the Dlln of hereditary ll-IMQEIOILWII Emlyn. dow-ntothedlylofm- WIN the Corlfeeser. with that brief interlude cg the My"; Dnmm‘ Kmil And even they claimed the throne d, by right, through Thyra. greml- dlllEhtef of Alfred the Great, who married g Danish King.

Harold. last of the Saxon Kings, was avclthrownby William the Nor- m!!! wllilueror - but William was V611’ mreful to prove to his new sub- jects that he had a heheditary right to the crown, though Giselle, the Salon Princess of the Royal House, W110 ﬂfﬂrrlcd his ancestor. Rollo, Duke of Normandy.

He declarcd that his claim was strcnser than that of Harold. marl Godwinh son, and supported that claim by force of arms. But it is eig- nlficant that he did not attempt to fill! Only by force: it seemed to him 11966581’? in NOV! that hereditary right - so as to satisfy that need in hi: people.

It was the same when Plantagenets succeeded to Normans and the House cf Lancaster to that of Plain. tasenei: each King of the new dy- USW took infinite pains to prove his rightful claim to the throne. to the satisfaction oi’ his subjects. Not only that! in the successive were against Ernie-e. the English Kings knew better than to try to inspire their wldlem bl‘ the desire for conquest only; they took are to cstablish e definite claim to the throne of ﬁance. and to show pedigrees amd documents to prove that claim.

Thread always there

Sometimes. it is true, as in the

Yorkist and Tudor dynasties. the thread o! hereditary uccession wore rather thin, and depended upon the marriage only c»! some Princess of the former lineJBut the point is that the thread was always there. and that it was considered necessary to satisfy the nation upon that point - to show them that there was onler and method in the succession to the throne. Yet all through these successive dynasties that other English charac- teristic had definitely shown itself - the demand _fOr a goverment that should be constitutional. es well as hereditary and rnonal-chiccl. Kings were to govern, bui», they were to govern by the will of their people, even in the despotic days of the Middle Ages: the will of orle man was not to be imposed on the Eng- lish. John lean-ht that at Runny- mede. when. acowling. he was forced to put hand and seal to the Great Charter: Edward II and Richard II learnt it, when they carried their wilful petty tyrimnies loo far and were deposed dnd murdered.

And the lesson was to be taught again, in a sterner form. when the House of Stuart. still through bere- ditary right. had silcoeded that of Tudor. on the death of the childless Elizabeth.

The Tudors had reigned despotic- ally enough, in a sense. yet they had

reference to the will of her people; she got her way. but lhe made her subjects feel that it was their way too. and it was a path glorious enough in those golden days. But the Stuarts brought in a new element. James I fleunted his jDivine Right‘ us a King; his eon believed in it and acted upon it. But the undercurrent or Elnglish spirit ms set against any such claim, whatever might appear on the surf- ace. They believed in Kingship and in hereditary klngship. since lt stab- ilised thinge. and made an orderly succession, without the constant dread of civil way. But to Bey that that hereditary kingship was divine and could not be made void. to say that the Iklglliih King was not answerable to human authority. and could not be called to account for his actions - all this went dead against the English spirit. when it was set forth in the words and the acts of Charles I - 300d man and bad King. That English spirit stirred. showed itself first in the action cf I-lampden against ‘Ship Money’, than in the ‘opposition mised against the action of the King when he attempted to arrest the five mem” a of parlia- ment who had resisted hie will. King Charles blind to the set of the current, not understanding its trend, took up urns, and King and people were at war. ‘Ihat war ended in the downfall of the theory of Divine, Right in that ultimate pnoof of the

King to the scaffold at White-hall, and made Oliver Cromwell Protector of the Commonwealth of Erngland. But once this was accomplished. it. is strange to see how the other Eng- lish characteristics began to work once more. A qomlnonwealth -

long. in spite or the iiact that Eng- land prospered in many ways For n

the Restoration. by the will not only of General Monk. but. undoubtedly, of the majority of the people. And it

they had executed.

him,

by right - that George I. grandson or Jalnen I, direct line of succession.

Tried and Tied

plainly recognised the people's rights, Eiizabethf in particular, had

' to do otherwise. Bhe was constant in

character that it must needs make

to suppose that. as the Bilgliai; have

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power 0t the People which sent a.

something which was virtually c, Re- l public - did not satisfy them for

bare seven years it lastcd- and then

was a, restoration of the Stuart dy-- nasty - that is. of the hereditary Y principle against, ‘lhere ll little doubt that Cromwell would have been willing enough to exchange Prctectwehln for Klnzship. but the alty and enthusiasm on his reiaavery English people would have none of it; they choose rather to recall Charles II. eon oftheh King whom

Not long. afterwards came another test of these principles: when James sense to realize. If ﬂed and was declared to have abdicated his throne, Parliament is, the same fggling has prevailed chose William and Mary to succeed to govern by the people's will, but B-lw Mew-is lVBi/fy was the law- seen in the Revolutionary and Napo- ful heir cf he; father, the late King, In the same way when. on the death of Queen Anne, the final Han- overian succession began, the Eng- lish people were satisfied that it was as great- Btood in the involved as Great Britain WE! from

It is interesting and it is more , than um,“ pa, 1t ahaws wmmmg so ltlie steady undercurrent is still there, deep“. engmned m the English ‘setting towards constitutionalism -

been for so many centuries. w they will rennin. It can scarcely be but down to want of enterprise: the de- velopment of the British E1011" shows that the English are not lack- ing in that respect Neither is it by any means sheer conservatism. for the‘ English and their monarchy too

broadened to c. surpPl-Blil! “Wm-

It la lather the feeling that" tho constitutional monarchy of England is ,, tried aha tested thin!- e method o1 government which has weathered a great many storms. and broutht the Kingdom and the Empire safely through: the/t it is s. historical thins. roots-rd in great traditions, watered by the blood of those who have died for their sovereign and their coilntry There have been phasu of repub- yllcanism, It was very ripe in Greet Britain during the French Revo- lutlonalgv epoch. as was only natural, with a, kingdom falling into ruins across the Channel. only a few short miles away_ Yet it was never more thin a M83100!‘ 9f l IGW 15011.2. Jacobin societies: it never affected the real attitude of the people of England. although their Regent and King of the moment was scarcely ‘one to inspire respect or affection, and. Parliament was torn by fiercely warring factions.

That phase of republicanlsm pau- ed, and England was more consoli- dated than ever after the Napoleonic menace had also been overcome, It lose again and possibly in a more dangerous form, towards the middle of the nineteenth century. once

There was Chartisln, and rather manifestriti later in i870, on the ee- tabllshment of the new French Re» lpubllc, the spirit spread to higher ranks of society. and Auberon Her- bert and Charles Dilke and Jmeph lCh-amberlain openly preached Re- mublicism. '

l And yet - the steady uruderclu-reht m’ EnglLah opinion was nzt really inflected. The people were in a ‘grumbling mood: Queen Victoria‘! nvithdrawl from touch with her sub- jects had made the sovereign too rc- mote But it only needed the danger- ous illness of the heir to the throne, and the subsequent outburst of loy-

io prove that the monarchy vras still ‘the chosen fomi of government for the nation. that they had no wish for any vital change - es Chamber- and Dllke and the rest soon had the

So it is that in the last great cris-

iEurope has passed through g time more catastrophic than ever was

iconic wars; mighty empires and kingdoms have crashed down-in all directions. and scarcely one of the ancient dymisties survives. The gen- eral unrest has affected England and the Empire." that wavrinevltable,

the very first and fighting to; her existence.

But gradually time is allowing that

setting towards that monarchy, self-

‘been too wise and subtle a momrch for permanence. must needs lead one "lhw-‘Il by “he 37mm “m” w “w”

sent them in the con-ilty o: nations.

i Industriai and political crises have shown no real trend towards Repub- licanism: on the contrary. they have been the means of displaying and consolidating the feeling of the Empire towards the King. in plain and unequivocal tel-ma such as were used by the Dominion Premiers at the lost Imperial Conference. More and more. as the post-war mcutins and the inevitable turmoil diesdown, ihere has re-emmsed that spirit which Tennyson expressed in truth- ful. if perhaps rather uninspired words - ' ' That sober needom out oi- which there springs

eto Kings.

King Qeorge and his fmrnily hive contributed to the continuance of

this spirit. how wisely they have un- l

derstood the trend of the new lie

‘and broadened and Wldtﬂbd “d,

deepened the whole concMlbn 0f

l monarchy in accordance with this 5 new outlook.

A people's King

The British Empire has become a great democracy, with a democratic King at its head. in the truest. and most real sense of an often mis-used word. He is s people's Kill. a" pgqplg’! ruler because he under-

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"j LQQ-O-OOOOIOOI 5 t EYES TESTED,’ GLABBEABNDIITIID l. W. TAYLOR J- 8. ‘IAYLOI Optometrists ill Ilehnwnd llﬂﬂ QVQ-QOO-OQO-OOXQQOWQQOQOQQ-

have altered and developed ﬁnd.

again stirred up by events in France. -

l Oui- loyml passion for our Mini-Bl‘-

Butwhat must notbe fol-rotten; here is the immense extent to which .

amid: and trims eds evmvethlw with his people, because he hu always insisteebthat they Jﬂlllt 114% be hoodwinkod. ﬂint they should be tcldthetmmlﬂodorbldi‘

he stands. and they know ~ that he stands, for a wider comradeehip. a stronger spirit of ell-operation and helpfulness and the 800d will which makes such "l spirit possible, High 0f low, in the presence of the Kind lacve witnessed to that indescribable feeling, not expressed in fluent words but in ﬁes!‘ personality. that here is d, man onecsn trust-e man one could confidsxin. who would help one to his latter-most. And a man to

betruamisaxingtobecruatec. When one sees c. King working nlmys for peace and a better under- standing amongst his people, holding himseelf aloof from party politics, but sis-lying to his utter-roost to help and sirpport the Bﬂvcrnment chosen by his people. be the party of that government what it may; when one knows that there ls n0 busier man in this whole Empire than mat King. laboring at tasks that must often be lrksome and uncongenial. as the ser- vant of the public, accomplishing solely for the good or his people what othe; men do for gain or to

secure power or positlcul; when one

llef that the Britt-h never been more flrznlv setflod than

realizes t-le vast number 0f Public engagements which K1118 580119 and his familv fulfil voluntarily and nigh no apparent wezirinai - en- fggggmuitg which carry them from one end of the country in ‘be 0th"- vhich entail an endless rclwmmfl 0f gjdressgs, speeches. handshakings and thanks which mutt needs be- come mpwnmm; when one thinks o; cl] these things and those thousand deeper ties and bonds between the King and his people of shared love and shared FJHTOWS. ir learns one with a sense of securitv. a firm he-

trgcne has

{RG12

I Major C. E L. Kipling

itisnow, dxid that thercis HQ‘! reason to suppose that as it stands now, so it will stem. a atuiy hence . '

l (TOMMTOW Major Klpling‘; mm- ibiograpl-ly of His Majesty Kmg George V, which has been appearing zcxcluszvely m the rGusrdianl will ‘conclude. He writos finis to this great work, the first and only Life cg the King published with pennissibn ‘o: the Royal Household, with s :searching analysis of what the British throne. mightiest, in history, ‘means to America - greatest c! re- rublm. 1+. i: a chapter no one should

miss l

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