Sm-

veifffiif” . l

PAGE FOUR

The Bharlottatovrn Guardian

says, “that once a start is made in applying sanc- tions there can be no stopping short of the de-

Prtlldllh Blink-Col. W. llheller B. IGLIIIQ- , Vin-President. l. I. Burnett, I. J. I. Secretary, Heat-Col. D. A. lllnelilnnel, D, S. 0.

sired objective, namely the restoration of peace. If financial and trade restrictions are not en-

nui“.- nq lugging Director. J. B. llurlelt, I‘..i.i. Currie.

Aaeoelate Idltore. Prank Walker and D. K.

ough, then force must be used. Otherwise the system of collective security breaks down.”

Morning Dnliy (founded IIU) $6.00 per year (in aflvlnee). mulled tn Cnnndl

delivered» 54-" H! "l! (in edvanee) and United Staten. a

THURSDAY ‘NOVEMBER ‘l, 1985

This is the case in a nutshell. It is hoped of course, that the necessity will not arise for re- sorting to military nieasures, but this will depend upon circunistances" outside the control of the

Mussolini 22 Years Ago

A reader- Qf the London New Statesman and Nation has sent a translation of a portion of an article appearing in the Italian Socialist paper Avanti on January 21, 1913. At that time Italy, driven as hcr leaders said by the need for ex- pansion, was engaged in the conquest of Tripoli, a 'l‘urkish possessifln in North Africa just across thelflediterranean fiiom Italy. The article said:

"Here then we are confronted by an Italy, nationalist, conservative, which claims to make the sword its law, and the army the school of the nation. We had foreseen fir; moral perversion, and, for that reason, a not sirrprised by it. But those who- think that this preponderance of anililurism is o sign of strength are mightily mistaken. Strong peoples haw -no tread to gizie them- selves up 1o surh a stupid orgy as that in

‘which the Italian press is now letting itself.

go with mod tnr/uzltntion. Strong peoples Iron: some sense of measure. Italy, nation- alist unit mili/arist, shun": thut it lacks this sense. . . . Thus it comes almost that a tniserable roar of conquest is acclaimed as if it were a Roman triumph."

The article was signed

tion."

The phrase about a “miserable war of con- .quest" bcing acclaimed as if it were a Roman triumph also has a ring of truth, whether applied to the occasion of a. quarter-century ago or to today. “Alussouni the journalist,” comments an Ontario exchange in this connection, “evidently possessed a. foresight which Mussoum the dic-

tator has lost."

Social Reform Measures

According to a Canadian Press dcspatch, Premier KING will refer the following BENNETT measures to the Supreme Court: The Employ- ment and Social Insurance Act, the Dominion 'l‘ra:le and Industry Act, the Natural Products Marketing Act (1934) and amendments, an Act tn _\mend the Criminal Code, section nine, the lliiiimum Wages Act, the Limitation of Hours of Work Act and the Weekly Day of Rest in

industrial Undertakings Act.

lt may fairly be asked, says the Mail and Empire, if the new premier is taking this step to please the big interests from which his party received Liberal campaign subscriptions. A great deal of the legislation is already in operation and farmers alike. The forty-four-hour week, the statutory weekly day of rest and the new mini- mum wage law are heralded by workers as com- plying with Canada's adherence to the draft con- ventions of the International Labor Office in Geneva, Has‘ Mr. King gone back on what he put in his book sixteen or eighteen years ago and then forgot? Or is he merely indulging his well-known passion for insisting on academic

with marked advantage to ivage-carners

niceties ?

Faulty Electoral System

A writcr in a Western Liberal newspaper reminds the ncw Government at Ottawa that it is pledged “to measures 0f electoral reform to ensure a trnc parliamentary representation of the people." The Dominion and recent provincial election results, he suggests, furnished striking evidence of the WEtfkllCSS and utter inadequacy of the old system of voting, so far as parliamen- tary representation for the divisions of political thought in the country is concerned, The Con- servative party elected 4o members, less than half the number to xvhich it was entitled by its strength in the Dominion. The C.C.F. elected eight members, considerably less than half the number it should have. And the Reconstruction party, with morc electoral support than the C.C.F. elccfed only one member. With 182,000 votes in Ontario the Reconstruction party elect- ed no candidate; nor did the C.C.F. with 126,000

votes in the same province.

This certainly proves that our electoral sys- fem is faulty. A further striking example, of course, could be cited in the case of the Prince Edward Island elections, which resulted in giv- ing the Liberals foo per cent representation in the Legislature with but 58 per cent of the total’ votes polled. A system which permits of such gross miscarriage of public opinion is only a

travesty on democracy.

' Canada And Sanctions

Notwithstanding that Canada has under- immediate ban on loans, and on the export of arms and munitions to Italy from this country, tom in concert with other nations to restrict or even prohibit Italian ‘ a and, after an agreed date in November, to send Italy no more "key materials" used for shit purposes-notwithstanding all this, Canada. ~ says Premier MACKENZIE KING, Mill itliiat t!"

‘taken to place an

kiwi":

“Biznrro Mus- aoum." Should the lbitterest critic of fascism wish to pass judgment on the present African adventure he could not do better than quote the words of IMCSSOLlNl about the same type of ag- gression 22 years ago. The present situation is admirably summed up in the sentence, “Strong peoples have no need to give themselves up to such a stupid orgy as that in which the Italian press is now letting itsclf go with mad exhalta-

Canadian Government, Why did not Mr. KING make this clear, instead of confusing the issue, as he did, by talking about retaining a “free hand" with regard to one class of sanc- tions? -

S. P. C. A. Meeting

An organization which is deserving of far more support than it has heretofore received is the Society for thePrevention of Cruelty to Animals. The nature of the Society's work is known to everyone, and admitted by everyone to be necessary Unfortunately, there is a lack of public interest which has greatly curtailed the Society's activities. The annual meeting, which takes place tonight at 7.30 in the Board Room of the City Building, provides an opportunity for our citizens getting better acquainted with this worthy organization, and it is to be hoped that. there will be a large and responsive attendance.

Editorial Notes

Our wells should be filled all right this season. ~ if 5K iK S.P.C.A_ meets tonight. We need it and it needs us. 5K lK 5K The ordcr-of-thc-day now is-storm win- dows and porches. ' 5K 5K Our Fox Show has gone over with a bang —and everybody satisfied. 5K 5K 5K

Our farmers would appreciate the ‘cooper- ntive movement better had we not so many “suc- cessful failures" in the past. It is hard to live down the memory of the Farmers Cooperative and other like enterprises of the not too distant past. 5K 5K lK By keeping our Fox Industry constantly before the world we will maintain and develop one of our most valuable assets. People have got to come here from time to time for genuine parent stock to improve their foxes, just as the south must come north to us for the best brand of seed potatoes. 5K ¥ it Many here will have heard with regret that Mr. MALCOLM A. MAcLEon, Editor of the Maritime Farmer had passed try-his eternal rest. He was a familiar figure at many of our agri- cultural gatherings, taking a keen interest in all that concerned us and our main industry. 5K If Several inquiries have reached us about of- ficial general election cheques. According to an Ottawa correspondent accounts are now being settled by the Auditor General's Department. Approximately 100,000 cheques have to be sent to persons in all parts of Canada for services rendered in connection with the voting. They go to returning officers, poll clerks, constables and persons who rented polling stations. Cheques are now being sent out: at the rate of 90o a day but in a short time the output will be speeded up t0 1,500 a day. 5K 5K 5K A chart covering period‘ 1919-1934 and showing relation of wholesale prices of Canad- ian farm products and consumers’ goods, shows that when it is superimposed upon that of the business index, the periods of higher prices for farm products correspond roughly with the per- iods of greater industrial prosperity, according to the Dominion Bureau of Statistics. “From this might be deduced the conclusion that increased purchasing power for the farmer is the surest key to prosperity," remarks the Bureau's bulle- tin, adding—-“Agriculture is thus the key in- -dustry of Canada-as the farmer prospcrs, so does Canada." 5K 5K 5K

The best minds of all parties in England, notwithstanding opposition on general questions, are behind the League of Nations sanctions. For instance, Mr. H. B. LEES-SMLTH, the former Labour Postmaster-General, in a reference to the Abyssinian dispute, at a recent meeting, said :-— TThe present difficulty is that the standard of international morality is lower than the stand- ard of domestic morality within a country itself. The reason is, that within each country there is a law with the means of enforcing it, whereas in international affairs there is only anarchy. The next step in moral evolution, therefore, is the establishment of‘ international law with sanc- tions that will enforce it. That is what the Lea- gue of Nations does, and if we now desert it we shall revert to the method of the jungle from which we have takgg talée first step to emerge."

The Prince and Princess of the Asturias who have had jewels stolen from their luggage while visiting Toronto on their honeymoon were fortunate in that the thief _or thieves overlooked the Prince's jewelled orders of Knighthood. which were left intact. The Prince is the third son of the former King of Spain. He has been accepted by Spanish Royalista as their candidate in view of the surrender of all claims‘ by his elder brothers. For four yearn he was, in the British Navy, serving as a midehiprnin with H.M.S. Enterprise in the Home Fleet, in the East Indies and‘ in the Mediterranean. When his engagement to the Princess wee announced last ‘April he was appointed an honorary sub-lieu- tennntJHie wife in the niece of the last king, of Na lea. She ieecouain of the Countess de P/uus, wt e of Count-Harm de Puts, eon of Doc de 6mm pretender to the throne of France. So flieroyal couple have interest in two thrones, _'et present there doe: not seem much

rm: ,_CHARLO'I"I‘E'IZOWN_A GUARDIAN

Notes ByThe Way

The Spanish cabinet seem: to have gone down in quite Inglorious defeat. A minis‘ y that falls as the resultof a scandal involving brib- ery on a large‘ scale is thorough- ly discredited. Nevertheless it should be remembered 1n this case that the Spanish government, that hm ‘Just ‘ “, following n. stormy scene tn the cones. when bribery charges were substantiated has only been in existence about. a month. While confidence in some of its members" may be shattered therefore, it cannot collectively be blamed for the scandal.

In limestone one: of the coast- al mountains of New Guinea rows. of mummies of men, their chins on their hands, their elbows on their knees. have Just been dis- covered. They are believed to be 1,000 years old. The caves are near‘ the strip of coast administered by the Australian government. Al- most. at the time of the discovery a party of explorers stumbled on a valley populated by a hitherto unknown pastoral, people who had dwelt there when the mummies were living men. Until the mum- mtee were found there was no evi- dence that New Guinea tribes pre- served their dead.

It ll admitted that everywhere the spirit of humanism ls strong. The average man and woman care very much about questions of so- cial welfare. They are deeply dis- turbed nbout the plight of the un- employed in the distressed areas: they are aware of a duty in regard

‘to bad housing and overcrowding

in cities; they are distresed at the disregard for children thrown out of school on to the labor market at the age of fourteen; they are convinced that. there ls a right and wrong about the action of Great Britain when a fellow-member of the League is threatened with de- struction, They are aware that. such matters as these call for that complete devotion and sacrifice in the service of the state which once, as the Bishop of Winchester said. were put. at the disposal of God. If the Christian churches can produce such a. state of mind that; this devotion and sacrifice are identified with the Christian life, then they will have regained the ascendancy they once held- London Spectator.

Every tooth hi his head ls his own, yet it; is artificial. Field Tay- lor, of Melbourne, Australia, ac- tor, tailor, inventor, has turned dentist by force of circumstances and incl: of money. and has him- self butlt from plaster of Paris, thin rubber and aluminum a per- feet set of teeth. Although he has had no instruction. he makes his own suits. Also he has patented an ingenious device for detecting epuckrua coma-bk, l '

.__..___

Hearst newspapers in the Unit- ed States have become extremely indignant because Secretary of State Cordell Hull has suggested that his country “has an oppor- tunity to exert an enormous moral influence throughout the world in n peaceful settlement of controver- sies." The thing that particularly disturbs the group of papers is that Secretary Hull favors the control of exports that may be used for wnr purposes to belligerent pow- era. It is ridiculous, of course, to expect either consistency or ra- tionality from newspapers oper- ated by William Randolph Hearst. But we mention this example of their present: point. of view because of the fact that they were. a ~few years ago, among the first publica- tions to mvtve pictures of war hor- rors. These were published. it was claimed, in an effort to make! war unpopular. But the Hearst papers. it now appears, would not like to see that unpopulartfy of war car- ried to the point where the profits .of American business might be en- dangered in any wily-Hamilton Herald.

Did you ever hear the story of Mr. Baldwin's babyhood? The coci: in the Baldwin household was a superstitious woman. Gath- ering the baby Stanley in her arms, she carried him upstairs to the top of the house. This was an old custom of the country. said to ensure success in the world. The cook, not content with the ton floor, mounted a chair in the nt- tic, and held the baby towards the ceillngi-Liondon Daily Sketch.

President Roosevelt ls getting back to Washington after his fish- ing trip to Panamrr.’ Vice-President Garner meanwhile is on the high sens on his way to see the estab- liahment of the Commonwealth government in the Philippine Is- lands. It. is the first time in his- tory both the n sldent. and the Vice-President have been outside bhe territorial bOI-lfldflflwa of the United States proper. Heretofore there has been an unwritten law that. the Vice-President should stay clone to the capital while the President was away-St. Thomas ‘mnes-Joumal.

All Ger-nun tlen with the Lea- gue of Natlona have now been formally cut, but. the Fatherland will keep in touch with Geneva through its consul. Thle follows the United States plan of refusing to take any reeponsible part but at the some time keeping tab on the benefits.‘ ~

C. D. llnwe, of Port Arthur, the new Minister of Railways, is n nat- tve of Massachusetts. There was a native of the United Bhtee in the Barnett cabinet also-Sir George Perlly,- in New HllIQdhlNv-e Toronto Star. .

hlbeleteetaarlywlnlerltorm en the Canadian prairies, Keg Rlvernetbe coldest spot with lldepeeebeluwlemwtllanaeh eneeriyatartteglllverntandle ehenee of taking the frigid cham-

_-_-.

- ofrealtzingoneitheteftban.

as]... Wile-oath. THE APPETITE IS NOT A

CORRECT GUIDE TO EATING

Some of our overweight friends tell us that it is only natural for them to be fat; tn fact. as others who are not fat. eat what they like and as much as they life, so was it; intended that appetite should be their guide as to the amount and kind of food to eat.

Now the fat individual knows, and so does everybody else, that ap- petite is not. a guide as to the cor- rect amount of food to eat. because appetite has Just led him or her to eat. more than they needed and the excess weight. is the result.

J-fe knows also that Just as surely as the‘ excess weight went on so will it come off if he eats Just a little less food than he actually needs for some weeks or months and Nature will use up the extra. fat stored m his body to supply the extra food needed by the body.

The same rule applies, but not, to the some extent, to those who are thin or below normal weight. This lack in weight is hard to under- stand in some cases because the thin individual. eats as much, per- haps even more, than the others in the family who are of normal ivelght. sometimes it. is due to n fast thyroid gland; at. other times it is due to some low infection that. pre- vents absorption of all the good or nourishment from the food eaten. Very often however it. ls due to his or her "disposition" -- nervous, wor- rier,_overstrict in his discipline of himself or others. It. has been found that in some of these cases these “nervous" tendencies interfere with the flow of digestive juices so that some of the food is not absorbed into the blood- -

For instance, if the individual has

"something on his mind" when he eats, it has been found that not.- withstanding the fact that the food is lying in the stomach waiting to be churned by the stomach walls and mixed with the stomach digest- ive juice, the stomach walls do no churning, and there ls no flow of digestive Juice for periods as long as half an hour. Similarly, move- ments of the small intestine are stopped or delayed at times and at other times the food rushes through without getting the proper absorp- tion into the blood. The lesson then for overwelghts is not to follow the appetite ns their guide, but to eat. less and use some of their stored fat for food,

The lemon for the underweight is to try not to eat. when tired, wor- Plt-‘d- 01‘ upset: l0 Bet, as much re- laxed as possible before eating.

A Tribute To Canada

(Exchange)

Sinclair Lewis, the most widely read author in the United States inferentially pays a high zrlbutc to Canada in his most recent book. "It Can't. happen Here," in which he pictures the United States under n. dictatorship. The dictator is not; Franklin D. Roosevelt, but some imaginary person behaving and acting like the late Senator Huey P. Long, who was idlled while Mr. Lewis was writing the bank. The story hinges on the way the dictatorship same into being, and the revolt of a group of liberals led by a Vermont editor.

History sometimes repeats itself. though not often in the same form. Over '75 years ago slaves passed through friendly hands along the route oi‘ the famous “under-ground’ system to find freedom in Can- ada. Under the dictatorship im- agined by Mr. Liewls. Canada re- mains the land of freedom. The anti-fascists and liberals make this country their base of operations, and construct a. new "underground" channel.

While based purely on imagina- tion, Mr. Lewis‘ book has a serious purpose. It aims to stir up the free- fiOm-lvvlng people of the United States to the danger of their posi- tion not from the present admin- istration but from other forces 1n the country and from a possible contagion frorrr nbrond- Canadians should also ‘enm from Mr. Lewis that we have a sacred trust which we must preserve as the custodians of the British and liberal traditions on this continent.

Mr. Lewis is thought to have drawn some of the inspiration for his book from his wife's recent study of conditions in Germany, Critics say that the dictatorship he

(Dr. Carleton Stanley In ‘"1110 Univerdtiu 170M017")

(Dr. Stanley, President of Dai- housie University, is also Prmident of the Conference of the Uri-vets:- ties of Canada, and as such was invited by the editor of The Uni- versities Review to send a. news letter from the universities of Canada. The letter. which follows, should prove of tlméy interest to educationlats at home as well as abroacL-(Ed; 6.).

It in exceedingly difficult to write- a "news-letter from 0am- dinn Universities." for they are so numerous, so scattered end have so little unity of outlook. In the three small Atlantic provinces. which have n. population of about a million. there are no fewer than fen institutions granting universi- ty degrees. The two provinces of Quebec and Ontario with n popu- lation of nearly six millions, have ten more. In the eastern half of Caxiada, that is, there are as many universities as there are 1n Great Britain and Ireland. One could classify this large number of uni- versities in many different ways: Catholic and non-Catholic; State and Independent; French-speak- ing and English-speaking; those which have some entrance re- quirements, such as matriculation, end those which do not; those which have honour courses and those which .gtvet only pus degrees, and so on. It would sur- prise some Canadians even to hear that five Canadian universities are French-speaking, and that only _f.wo of these are tn Quebec- Ten of our degree-granting insti- tutions am catholic. Six provinces support provincial universities. But “rat need not mean that the provincial institution la the largest ln the province, nor that the pro- vlnoe makes large grants only to its own institution. We sometimes complain of ourselves’ that. we are a “standurdlzecP people. but this has certainly no application to our universities.