PAGE FOUR

THF. GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN

g” AUdUSTIm,1g:

THE GUARDIAN

Author-lwd no second Clan Mall Punt office Department. Ottawa. The loluid Guardian Publishing Co.

Pruldent Ind Auoctate Editor, Inn A. Buriictt. Auocinlo Editor, Frank Walker.

CIRCULATION "Coven Prince Edward inland like the def

f'TIio Strongest Memory is Weaker "ion the Weakest Ink".

CIiAB.LOTTET0lVN, SATl'lll).'tY, .-tL'(j. 30, 1952

Labour Day

Labour Day is so designated in honour of organized labour, a movement which followed and tried to keep pace with the industrial revolution. it was early recog-, nized that the unified control of large ac-I, cumulations of capital in industry could only be balanced by comparably large organ- izationg of workers.

The history of the l.-alioiir movement has been the shifting of this balance. When unions were disproportionately small they were unable to deal on equal terms with well organized iiiaiizigtiiiieiit. On the other hand there have been at some times and places great unions dealing with the inali- agement of small-scale indiistry. Unless there was great self-restraint exercised by union members in such cases the result- was apt to be disastrous.

In this Province there has been con- siderable coinmon sense demonstrated by the leaders of organized labour. We have not yet developed a great deal of industry but there is no record of an existing in- dustry being closed out because of trou- ble with labour. On the other hand the Laborers Protective Lfnion and others have been on the alert to protect its members

frcmi being pinched by the rising cost of;

living and to secure for them a share of any increased productivity.

The Better Half

The Ottawa Citizen notes that a recom- mendation that the Succession Duty Act be amended to allow a wife possession of one-half of her husband's estate, thereby exempting that half from succession duties. is to be presented to the Minister of F1- nance by tho Canadian Federation of Un- iversity Women. In this campaign. Federation probably has the support of other women's organi7.ations. The National Council of Women has also protested against government taxation policies in which they find no recognition of the serv- ices Canadian women perform for the ifam- ily and state.

The Canadian women's contention that half of the husband's income should be re- garded as belonging to his wife. says the Citizen, is shared by Federal taxation au- thorities in the llnited States. An Amer- ican married couplc is permitted to divide the family income for taxation illl1'D0595l moreover, only half of the value of a gift made or an estate bequeathed by a hus- band to his wife is taxable.

Canadian taxation authorities, however. have frowned on the idea of a division.of incomes or estates. l'nder the. Succession Duty Act. as amended some time ago, es- tates up to S.3(),()0(i are exempted, but at that: point. taxes are levied on the amount of the estate left aftrr payment, of certain debts, and deductions.

There are several reasons. says the Cit- i7.en, for the Federal government's prefer- ence for this system over the American. The most obvious is the possible loss of public revenue. Estates of up to 93100.00” would no longer be taxable if the wife were allowed possession of one-half. A further zomplication which has caused some con- irovcrsv in the United States arises out oi the fact that. well-to-do citizens gain the

real relief from the division of estates and.

incomes. But this could, of course, be rem- edied by adjusting the rates of taxation upward with the value of the estate.

- Building Personalities

There is much food for thought in an address recently given by Mr. Justice Roy Kellock. of the Supreme Court of Canada. on the importance of the right kind of ed- ucation in the building of personality.

"It is not true to say, as we are some- times wont to say," Judge Kellock conced- ed, "that a mere trade or professional train- ing does no more for ii man than merely to make a skilful, practical tool out of him. It does more than that. It makes him as well D. judge of other men's skill. He gets to understand the difference between sec- ond-rete and first-rate work in his own mid, and thus to have a fair sense of what good work may mean elsewhere. '

"But proper study of the humanities

far beyond that. It enables it man I I what types of activity have the foot: of time. It gives him a some of what superiority has al-

lllill

ways signified and may still signify-ad miration for the really admirable, and disesteem of what is trashy and imperman- ent. We who have been given the oppor- tunity of studying the humanities ought to have an educated instinct for the better kind of man and be able to discriminate with respect to quality in men and their proposals when we enter the world of affairs about us. If we are unable to dis- criminate, we shall not only provide no leadership ourselves, but we shall become indistinguishable from the mass. . . And all that is individual within a man that human personality can attain to any worth- while achievement."

This is another way of saying that true education is a development from within, not something to be imposed, from with- out. This has been said many times be- fore, but its importance to students an(l teachers remains unchanged.

- Russia llnresponsiva

A recent announcement from Moscow told of the development of more than 20 new varieties of frost-resisting tomatoes, cucumbers, and cabbages for cultivation in the north. Canada, .notes the Windsor Star, also has done considerable research along that line. particularly in the develop- ment- of fast-maturing wheat. This is a study in which the results of experimenta- tion should be exchangeable, for their mu- tual profit. But Soviet Russia doesn't ex- change--it only takes.

The Star recalls that toward the end of the war, when official, Moscow was in bet- ter repute than now, Canada made some gestures at the parliamentary level toward co-operation in northern development. The Kremlin proved unresponsive.

With a more approachable nation on the Asiatic side of the Bering Strait. northern development in both lands would be expedited. Russia appears to be far in advance of us in this regard, largely be- cause of its ancient program of forced col- onization in Siberia. But on the strictly ,scientific level Canada could give a fair (exchange for the information Russia would choose to share.

4 i

EDITORIAL NOTES

Tomorrow, l2th Sunday after Trinity. 0 O O

' The P. E. I. Medical Society concludes

-,ils annual meeting today. There are few ihuman activities in which greater progress ihas been made in recent years than in imcdicine, but every advance brings its own , problems for the physieian.and for the pro-

! fcssion. I I O

,Jerscy cattle breeders will be coming ,to this country in 1954. The Council of ithe World Jersey Cattle Bureau in Lon- fdon, England, has accepted an invitation lfrom the President of the Canadian Jersey "Cattle Club to hold the next world coli- lference in'Canada in 1954.

i i i Once more Canada is to have an R. C. A. F. wing stationed in France, the ad- vance party having left from Montreal Fri- ,day. Like other countries of the United ,Nations, Canada recognizes the applicabil- iity of the illustration of the bundle of sticks. Although any one of them might ;readily be broken, the bundle was quite 3 another matter.

i

i Sir Joseph John Thompson. British -physicist, died this date 1940. He was as- .s0ciaicd with Cambridge throughout his Elifc. Researches showing that electricity lhas mass resulted in the discovery of the lclectron. The study of physical chemistry , is largely founded on his work. He proved .that all matter is made of electricity and that electricity is atomic in nature.

Fluorescent lighting may be compar- atively new in electricity, but it is an old story in nature. Many astronomers be- lieve, notes the National Geographic So- ciety, that fluorescence makes the only difference between dark and brilliant neb- ulosities of stellar dust in the sky. Those near a brilliant star are charged with light and electricity and shine brightly, while those with no near-by bright body appear as faint spots in the heavens.

About 175,000 new homes have now been provided in Scotland under the post- war housing programme: This means that roughly one family in every eight or nine has moved into ii new house since the end of the war. The latest census figures show that there are in Scotland about 1,400,000 houses. an increase of 250,000 or 22 per cent over 1931. In another ten years at the present rate of progress 250,000 more will be built, which, by 1962, should pro- vide one house for every three persons in Scotland. . -.

it is not by wearing down into uniformityv

PUBLIC. FORUM

Thin column in open to the discussion by corresrondcnts of questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar- lly endorse the opinion of w-respondents.

' NO PLACE LIKE HOME

Sir.-I-Iome . . . That. magic place that may mean anything from the east. side of New York to the small- est. hamlet on Prince Edward Is- land. To many, it. is the place where we were born . . . where we learned our three R's. where our parents lived and are buried, the place we come to for a rest. after many years "away".

We rush to the great. cities . . . rush all, the time we are there and suddenly .1. . one has to slow down; the years have taken their toll and health becomes a. precious thing that perhaps one may regain alter a. g ad rest. The medics advise qule and fresh air; "quiet." Where do we go? If we are lucky. to Prince Edward Island - to live in the past. for R little wlille, to find again the lost. meaning of many things.

Perhaps some old friends from your class of the early 1900's are back also for a. vacation . . . . than there are reunions and reminis- cences . . . School days. "Remem- ber the time you had to recite at the closing exercises? It. may have been ”The Charge of the Light Brigade" or perhaps "Mai-y Stuart's Farewell" , . . . All the emotions or youth, the vague unrest nf-Soriniz 119 your voice accompanied by the sliltcd gestures learned one by one with the lines; the awkward bow at the end and the blind stumbling into the wings. The up- plause that you could not disting-

uish from the mad pounding of your heart. Then the grand mo- ment of the "encore" . . . .- What

did Sarah Bernhardt have that you didn't?

Do you remember the times you went. fishing with your dad? He would take you if you had been good. but you had to promise no. to tell mamma that he chewedl tobacco while the speckled troutt played with the Parmachenee Bell that was so expertly cast on the still waters of the pond.

Do you remember the pets you ihad? Cats. dogs. rabbits, even H ipct hen that no one wanted tol kill . . . even if it. meant no meati for Christmas dinner that txcar.

Remember the prettiest girl in your class? She married early and is now the proud izmndmooher at many. Her figure may not be as trim but look at the snapshots of her latest grandchild! To her that's compensation. What. hanpbried the little girl who used to draw all the time instead of studying? . . . And

' the 'dumbbell" who made such a

success in the states? Thus the afternoon goes . . .

LIFE STORY t

Betrayed each time by one of many A van.

l-le trends in puzzlement the cata-

combo Of life ahead. ii fugitive who delven mt gold by cilndlellg” with other gnomes. lie tests and read: aghast of man's ii

2.

of women charmingly unufe. in league

With gulles. But nothing stat-flea him like into

Accounts of what, revealed in re- cent deedo.

no known is June his own ibi-

oornohy: i

lvenu that showed him brittle- fnll as reodl.

And l!l'llll when. W week. he

if 0 it who Ago-iliil Story

.-;meos&oo-seoa-cot-ma

And the men of Glbt.-on sent unto Joshua in the camp to (ill- gnl, saying, Slack not: thy hand from thy nervimto; come up to us quickly, and save us, and help us: for all the kings of this Amor- itcs that dwell in the mountains are gathered together against uii. So Joshua ascended from Gllgal, he, and all the people of win with him. and all the mighty men of vnlour. And the Lord sold unto Joshua, Fear them not: for I have delivered them into thine hand: there shall not I man of them stand before then. . . Then spake Joshua to the hard in the day when the Lord delivered up the Anlorlies before the children of formal. and he said in the night of Israel. Sun, stand thou still upon (ilbeon; tuiil thou, Moon. in the valley of Ajalon. And the still stood still, and the moon stayed. until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. ls n'oc this wt-imm In the book of Joshcr? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hastcd not to go down about a whole (lay. And there was no day like that before it or after It, that the Lord henrkencd unto the voice of is man: for the Lord fought; for Israel.

,m.:.:..m..L?..:..

asking questions about this and that one . . . The old house is em- pty now . .. The ghosts of the many visitors who filled its hos- pitable rooms seem to be aroimd . . The grandparents: stately "gra.n' pore" who was a scholar. also a gentleman and judge of good whisky. Grandmother, the head of the household, whose cooking was something to rave about. and who prayed that her only son would never be successful in politics. "What chance have I get, if you pray that I loose? . . . . but why. Mother?" Her soft answer: "It. would be your damnation. son"

.. . The son never did win on election and died betrayed by his so-called friends.

The. mother you adored, gentle and kind. but with the proverbial iron hand that made things turn out for the best . . . . The husband that. you married late in life. but that was all the things you had dreamed of with his kindness. gen- lallty and consideration who un- derstood your vague groplngs to- wards things you could never sell- ieve . . .. All gone now. and you sit. in the old house looking ntyild pictures. remembering and hoping that soon you will see them all again . . . . for then. you will truly be HOME again.

I am. Sir. etc...

. ALMA BUOTE

New York City.

1-"i.zrkll1l.iamsoLas .

Leather soles adapt themselves

.,,i.i)ii's wEAL'n,4 ' oF

- P re . .. wWgllEL0 fS'0o4Q,S

. -To Meet The Challenge

Old Charlottetown ' S 'And 2. x. I. 3 V

-.1

RETIREMENT BY BALLOT

"The City Council met last even- ing. and having ordered the publica- tion of the city accounts. and trims- acting some business of minor im- portance. proceeded to ballot for retiring Councilmen. The Mayor suggested that. the Councillors draw lots. The ballot being between the Councillors of each ward. he said. two lots-a short one and a long one -be placed in an envelope. The senior Councillor of -the word draw- ing first, perchance, draws the long one. If so, he retains his sent; if not, he vacstes it.

"Councillor Murphy remarked that a similar ballot was taken be- fore ln this way. Two pieces of paper were nicely folded and plac- ed in a hat. On one of these the word 'C:o' was written. The senior Councillor of the ward drew first. If the word 'Go' appeared on his ballot. he was immediately stripped of the ulstinguished honour at- tached to his office, and he lost the high-sounding appendage to his name, Esquire. C. C.' But Councillor Murphy, in order to let unfortunate Councillors down easily, suggested that instead of the word 'Go' the word 'Eetire' be written on the ballot.

"This plan was, on motion. adopt- ed: and the Mayor hurriedly pre- pared the ballots. writing 'Retlre' on the fatal ballet, and folding tile blank identical to it. In doing so he was keenly eyed by the Councillors who with something approaching awe awaited the drawing.

"The ballots being arranged. the Mayor placed two in his great black hat. and held it over his desk. The Councillors for Word 1 rose in their place and walked towards the not.

They looked anxious. Both seem- ed determined to win. Senior Coun- cillor Morris was the first to draw. As his hand rose from the hat. in twinkle of his eye told he mm 'zamc' in it. Councillor Inga then drew, and as he turned towards his seat he exclaimed 'Ret1rell He then walked t ow a 1- d it the chamber entrance amid rounds of laughter. The Mayor addressed him: 'Stay where you are Councillor Ings.' 'Coimclllor Ingsl' 'Excu.ie me, your Worship, I want to retire! Then came the drawing between Councillors Murphy and Byrne of Ward 2. Councluor Byrne drew 'Retlre', as did Councillor Blake in Word .1. Councillor Beer in Ward 4 and Councillor Home in Ward .5,

"The drawing afforded much amusement. to the gods in the auditorium if we may ludize from the bursts of laughter which greet- ed the unlucky Councillors. The Councillors who retain their seats are Morris. Ward 1: Murphy, wind 2: DHVY. Word 3: Lawson, Ward 4: and Smith. Ward 5.

"At the concl the

to your foot because they are made of natural cowhide.

of the meeting were read and adopt- ed. Councillor Byrno made A good

Agent, or contact x Inounnco

ALLISON P. McI.lAN, C.I..I7.-District Manager at lummonklo

T-

siirtounno vouii INTERESTS

wrrii sovrm AND ADEQUATE INSURANCE

For your Insurance needs consult our nearest

HYNDMAN & CO. LTD.

Omen! CIIARIJOTTETOWN .

CYRUS A. II. SHAW, C.I..B.-Dlotrioe Manager at Montague

71105145 McAVlNNa C.L.U.-special lepruenutlvo

Anni: throughout Alia Irwlneo.

since 181!

SUMMEIISIDE - MONTAGUE

York in 1882 or anized labour has come a long way. It may be cor- rect to say that the growth of the Labour Movement. especially in English speaking countries, is one of the outstanding social phenom- ena of the past. half century. While Labour. as a political party, has been called upon to form gov- ernments only in England, Aus- tralia. and New Zealsnd, it has achieved tremendous political in- fluence in Canada and.the United States. ' In the latter eoiinl.ry especially if is not too much to say that. La- bour Unions are virtually the makers of federal administrations and. to a large extent, the de- signers of their domestic policies. What is more, the entire economic life of the nation depends largely on the goodwill of Labour leaders. Someone has said that regardless of who sits in the White House, John L. Lewis is the real Presi- dent of the United States, and there is much truth in the state- ment. Certainly no other man has ever exercised such over-all econ- omic power in any democratic country. In Canada there is no quite par- allel situation. probably because there is no such dominant person- ality in the ranks of our labour lenders. But here too organized Labour is in an extremely strong position in economic affairs. Whe- ther or no this be the century of the "common man". it is certainly the century of the ilnlon man. Political scientists. economists. so- ciologists. may debate the situa- tion as much as they please and write heavy tomes about it, but there is not. much they can do to change it. l o o . The privileges now eiijoyed by working men (I use the term, of course, in its traditional sense) have not come to them as gifts. Many things they now take for granted were secured only after much struggle by pioneers of the Labour Movement. They have had to fight every inch of the way, for progress in social relationship, as in anything else. does not come easily. There is never any victory without conflict. No reasonable person will be- grudge working men any advant- age they have been able to secure through corporate united action. In the main these advantages have been well earned and well do- served. If we take factory workers by way of illustration, there is no comparison between their lot. and that of similar employees only thirty or forty years ago. In every segment of industry the betterment of conditions in the past two or three decades has been nothing less than amazing, thanks largely to organized Labour and the po- litical influence they have been able to command. . . . Many statutes now on the low books of almost every civilized country were unknown at the turn of this century. Child labour, one of the biggest social problems of past years, is now only 3 distaste- ful mcmory. The exploitation of poor women, forced to "st.lch.sticli. stlch, in poverty. hunger, and dirt" for a pittance insufficient to buy B loaf of bread, seems incredible to present. day workers. Neverthe- less it was typical of the degrada- tion of labour before the workers themselves began to take is hand and have it voice in their own af- fairs. Workmen's Compensation Acts. Group Insurance plans, Health and Accident benefits, reasonable work- ing houra, and scores of other privileges, are today normal things in industry. No doubt 8 more enlightened public opinion in so- cial matters helped to bring them about. but. it is certain they would not have come to such rapid ex- pansion but for the united ques- sure of men and women banded together in Labour Unions. Nor has the resulting good been con- ... I vnledictory address. reviewing the work of the council for the past year. He was followed by Councillor Murphy who delivered a clever speech, comparing the financial position of the corporation with that of other cities, and showing that hinlottetotwn was in no good a pool on financially as any city in the provinces." -The Examiner. Jan. ll. latil.

PROFESSION

I I t j Th P 'ng S By Olndrver WHICH WAY LABOUR? ,

Since the "Knights of Labour" fined to w rkfn - held their first parade in New families. I? hB5gb:1:l'? IB?g1dhy1h:,il.

ery social group, and in , , it has beneflttedievery i:(i:,n,? vi.” man, and child. ' Mi We are beginning to see

community can properly be into compartment: with o lated from all others. The SC,”

tural injunction that we iuf ”members one of another" is lnll more and more accepted in just. plain common sense. The once familiar and often dlspaxqg. lug term "working-class" ,5 ;m, heard so much nowadays. Sonic: how it seems much too Old-lash toned and archaic. The ,,;,,,; ”hands'' In once applied to may who did manual labour of 5...) kind and another is virtualiv ct. tlnct. All this is symptomaim of the new dgnlty that has come IQ labour, an we are all the ban, for it. 0

that no divided 118 lsn.

C I Q '

It would. of course. be fllflilsi. to susgesi that all is well with in; Labour Movement or that its in- fluence on the life of society gen- erally has been always and .11. together good. Like every ,,y.,,, human institution it has not l7N'i'l without: its perverse Clflllffllls Sometimes, indeed. Labour L'm0,,,' have been stupid in their metlindi and tyrannical in their tntilrs, Iunmlnuful of the general iir'.i..,.., The use of the strike wapnn, which in itself. is perfectly ltgiil. mate and normally defensible, ha. sometimes jeopardized the ernn. omy of entire communities and nations. We have seen iiistancns of that. right here in Caniiila, and whenever and wherever it. hap- pens it is n blot. on the escuzclicnn of Labour. No special group. even when their demands are rightceiis, should be permitted to render im. patent the transportation inclini- ies or essential industry of low country. This is sabotage of the most. despicable sort. '

But. here, too, it must. be na. membered that Union leaders R.'l not all silks any more than. say, industrial or church leaders am all alike. On the whole they Secill to be men of honesty and Vl5'.0.'i. anxious to give gdod leadership in the onicea to which they are ri- ected by their fellow. Now and than a Union or some branch at it is dominated by self-seeking, over-ambitious individuals. nnrl resulting situation is full of clmm and danger. This is one of th- risks that have to be taken in air. democratic procedure. and it is in the credit of rank and file Unloa- members that more often than not they elevate men of good and fa.:- judgment to posts of trust amt responsibility.

It must. be remembered alii that Lnbourxtlnlons are still rela- tively new. institutions in economtr and industrial uflolro. They han- nol. yet. "grown up. 'lir process it. must 131.. some of the youth will assert itself frimi time to time. There will be lnaiiv trials and errors before they will have reached full and mritiin stature. In this they are no dit- ferent from any other institution that as taken its place in the M- plrations and hopes of mankind

. - .

: 3 :1 Q.

It. can safely be assumed that Labour Unions and their many subsidiaries are here to stay. A: the years go by they will increafa in strength. It is to be hoped that they will also increase in wisdom. To that and they will need help and guidance from every avail- able source. and it would be un- wise for other sections of sorlcly to leave them to "paddle their own canoe."

In the United States this mil!- ual assistance idea appears to be taking root. In the past two or three years several confercncr! have been held in various cciitrcs. attended by Labour, Church. 41."- diistrial, and Social leaders. Iii? purpose is to try and find out l),l' friendly discussion and iiliitiml give-and-take how they Cfllt lire- cecd to a better understanding of one nnothel-'5 viewpoints and lii'.t5 be in ii position to help one an- other. '

While these conferences time not. been as spectacular as son!” others on the national scene, and therefore less newsworthy. till”! nre nevertheless of consldrrahl importance: Many fine thlllt-' have come out of them. the chic! of which, perhaps. in the nume- ness of a common goal. the build- ing of ll more satisfactory NW1 democratic way of lite. ;

AL CARosg

J. S. Taylor OPTOMETRIST

Eyes Examined, Gllucs Filled Corner Kent and Queen Bio.

Office Phone 1058-Hound 101.!

0

MocPhee &.Trulnor

H. F. Moi-.Plll:'.l'l, B.A.. Q-(3 .r. SOMEBLED riuliivoiz. IM-

Bnrrlntcrs. Eli-. g,4

Bu-rllter. Solicitor. Notary Royal-Bank of Canada Building Charlottetown, P. E. I. boon: on City and Form Proportion

Frederic A. Large. QC.

Palmer & Huslam A. J. msmm. n.A.. Lb"-

nnrrlnli-r. Etc. Bank of Non Scollll Chan-lit" Chulottatown. I'. E. 1- MONEY T0 LOAN ,Hg

Allison M. Glllis. Ll..I.

.BABl.IB'lEIl. SOLICITOB, EM.

Phone I600 ;

OPTOMITIII 81'

I38 Kent Street (Next to ltmpoon'o Agency)

CIIAIITEIII) 160 Great i Phonon

RANDOLPH W. MANNING. .C.A.

. --. McDONAI.D.

' OIIAITIIID

Sumo Illa, Chlrlotiotoww

J. A. Cari-uiliors. R.Q.

Phone :81:

(learn St.P0linlotoetowII IEO -

other offices: at Halifax. Moncton. St. John's. Amherst. lfegitvlllc, Liverpool, New Glugow and Truro. .

uonondfoumo. mum, -romm. Kirkland lake. Monelon -lnudloon. ldnm

Byron J. Grant. 03' OPTOMETBIST no Kent Street. Phone 819

no nieiunonii si. - oimiomumn toppo-Ito Revere "0"" ..

L. Muelsuuc f imm-isr

Dental X-III: GLORIA BUILDING HI Grafton Bf. Phone

Dr. A.

H. II. DOANE & COMPANY .

ACCOIINTANTI -

H41 - Box 241

- small I'. MIcPlIEIlS0N. (15 Dnrtmu

Cllllllll In CO. ,

Acoouimuu-s -

iuini aoim. nomooiie. V-new" MI.

Charlottetown- Ifole2hofIO 10"

:- .a:r -r .x: m:

291 i

V4'H