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THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND |

ITS CLAIMS UPON THE PEOPLE.

BRITISH

A Paper Kead by Perey Pope, Esq, before the Diocesan Church Soeciety—Pub- lished by Request,

Setting aside the actual wrong-doer, if there is one man more objectionable than any other, it is the imdividual who, in season and out of season, cannot refrain from calling attention to the especial excellence of his own possessions; who, to use an old if somewhat inelegant expression, !8 never tired blowing his own trumpet. Such an one not ouly offends against the canons of good taste, but also very often against those of truth, for his statements are rarely fully borne out by the facta.

On the other hand there are certain other individuals who, in seeking to avoid this error, fall into another, namely: That of unduly depreciating advantages which they themselves possess,and overestimating those possessed by This is a much more pardonable fault but not the less is it a mistake, for it generally results in the individual concerned failing to comprehend and properly appreciate the true value of his own possessions.

In directing your attention this evening to the claims of our Church, it will be my endeavour to avoid both of these errors and to state the facts as concisely and accurately asthe time and my capacity will admit of.

Asa startipg point we may note that the Anglican Church demands recognition, not only as the National Church of the Mother-land ; not only for what she has done in the past for the development of Christian thought and practice; not unly on account of the influence she has exerted, and does exert, as a great living branch cf the ancient Apostolic institution, —but also

others.

| because she is today unquestionably the

great religous organization of the English Speaking Peoples throughout the world. Whitaker gives the following figures as the most trustworthy estimate obtainable. Calculation was made in 1892 :

ENGLISH-SPEAKING RELIGIOUS CUMMUNITIES OF THE WORLD: ID iicetis innnsiiahenents Methodists of al! descriptions.. 18,256,000 Roman Catholics.............. 15,250,000 Presbyterians of al! descriptions 11,175,000

28,500,000

Baptists of all descriptions.... 9,000,000 Congregationalists.............+ - 6,000,000 Pree Thiokere..................+ 4,500,000 Lutherans, etc.......... bbsenssnet . 2,600,000 MNTIIE. 1, < ccgtnecneis «och Ae Minor religious secte......- 5,000,000

Qt no particular religion........ 15,000,000

—_—-

English speaking population. .117,175,000

Mere numbers, however, do not consti- tute a pre-emptive claim to superiority. Taking the world at Jarge,there are esti. mated to be in it 1430 milliops of in- habitants; of these there are : 477 millions of Christiane; 651 mil- lions of Buddhists and kindred reli- gions; 177 millions of Mobammedans; 7 millions of Jewe; 118 millions of Po'ythe- ists—total 1430 millions.

Taking numbers only, the Buddhists uodoubtedly hold first g!xce. But are we prepared to accept such atest? If not what iest can we apply? How can we decide upon the relative merits of this or that religious organization ?

Archbishop Whately says: “The geners ality of men are not co much accustomed to pursue this cr that course in conse- quence of their previous conviction that it s right, 3 to believe that it is right be» cause they have been accustomed to pur- sue it. Similarly we most cf us helieve that the denomination to which we belong is tue best, not because we have impartially examined its tenets in comparison with those of others but simply because we have been. taught to consider it as such.

Such a reason may be eatisfactory to ourcelves, but it can scarcaly be so to to those who differ from us. It is therefore advicable to extend our enquiry a liitle further, for it certainly cannot do any man harm, and it may do him much good, to understand clearly why he accepts this or that idea, Thus, though we have been taught to believe, and uo believe, that our own church is the best, it may be worth while enquiring, upon what do we base such belief? What are the claims of the Church of England — claims, mark you, that can be reasonably supported in the face of the world ?

Beicre beginning, however, it will be necessary to determine what meaning we attach to this word “church,” for it is used to convey very different ideas,

In its commonest acceptation, it is used to designate a building set apart for the worship of God; or, again, it is made ap- niicable to any one of the two hundred odd religious organizations which are recog- nized as possessed of corporate rights, Others, by its use, seek to convey the idea that the particular religions organization to which it is applied is of Divine institu tion, established by God to be His witness upon earth; others, again, realizing the difficulties presented by the unhappy divi- sions of Christendom, make it applicable to that pruspective union of all true fol- lowers of Christ of which there is as yet no perfect visible expression.

The word may be used in any of these sensee, and usage warrants av doing, pro~ vided only the epecific meaning be clearly brought out. Manifestly, however, it would be aa abuse of language to aprly the term church, as it is used in the New Testament, to the fabric of a building or to each and eyery of the two hundred and fifty odd distinct organizations into which Christendom is divided, so long as these claim exclusive possession of the Truth.

The Church of Christ,as therein set forth, is ove. In the earliest times, men~ tion is made of “the church at Ephesus,”

Gaarron Sraesr.........

| “the church at Jerusalem,” “the church

at Corinth”; but though itfvrences of opin- ion and diversity of «dministration might

have existed—nay, did ex'st—as between | Isle of Lindisfarne.

these, yetthey never deemed themseives

| distinet churches, but members of one and

the same church. Each recognized the rights of the others, bu:all were members one of the other. obeying the same author- ity, namely, such as hai been established by the Aposties or thuse whom they sent. You, remember, it is narrated in the L5th chapter of Acts how, when a dispute arose as to whether Gentile Christians shou'd be circumcised, the church at Antioch sent up Paul, Barnabas and other delegates to Jerusalem to the Apostles and eldera in order that these might consider the matter and pronounce upon it. Any person who carefully studies the New Testament must realize that the church, as then institated, embodied the ideal of organic unity, and that immediate provision was made for the authority required to administer it.

Thus, when used in its acriptural sense the word “church” involved certain things Not merely the existence ofa number of dissimilar associations acknowledging Christ as their Master, yet recognizing no common authority, but rather the estab- lishment of a visible expression of that divine unity spoken of by Curist, in which, though there be diversity of administration all are to be fitly bound together under @ common authority, enjoined to live “ig unity of spirit, in the bond of peace and righteousness of life,” its ideal being to unite iu one brotherhood of love and obedience ali mankind. Such an ideal could not be realized; but it had to be recognized and an effort made to give it expression.

Using the words then ia the scriptural sense, bow far can we justify our title ae the Church of, or in England. To what extent can we estadlish our connection, aud identity with the church founded by the Apostles? As regards the first point; it is beyond question thatthe Church of Eogland formed a part of, and derived her autuority from, the early Apostolic Churea.

Eusebius, who wrote in the 4th century regarded it as a divine work that the Apostles passed over the Ocean to those called the British Isles. Clement, who wrote about 60 years afier Christ’s death, states that Paul came to the boundary of the West. When we remember the inter- course which then existed between Britaln and Rome, the magaiticeat roads along which a man could ride in his chariot from Bysantum, on the Boephorus, to Bovlogne, and then again from Dover along Watling Street through London to Cardigan Bay, it would be strange indeed if the Christian miesiovaries did not find their way along them

And so, indeed, they did. Theoderet, who wrote inthe 5th century, expressly enumerates “the Britons” amongst those whons the apostle persuaded to adopt the laws ofthe Crucified. The Diocletian persecu- tion, A. D., 330, extended to Britain, at which time Alban received the crown of Martyrdom. Representatives from the British Church—i e Bishops—attended the Councils of Arles, A. D., 314, Sardica, A. D.,347, and Ariminum, A. D, 359 Metapbrastis of Constantinople, (10th cex— tury) claims Peter as the Apostle of Bri» tain, while local tradition assigns the foundation of the Church at Giasionbary to the eftorts of Joseph of Arimathea, Henry II’s charter stating that the church vas erecied by the very disciples of Our Lord.

In preaching at Canterbury Cathedra- nl the 4th July last, (1897) the Archbishop of Armagh (Dr. Alexander) said: As Primate of Ireland, I can scarcely admit that what happened at Canterbury as at this time, was literally the beginning of the conversion of all the race to which we belong. Your Englian church was origi- nally founded in Britain by Apostolic men. It was touched and quickened by two missions, the Celtic and the Roman, but the Celtic before the Reman. Fifty years after St. Patrick’s death Colum‘a was bornat Garten, in my old diocese of Raphoe. A Saint far more Irish than St. Patrick, a Celt of the Celts. From Patrick to Columba, from Columba to Aidan and how much light has been given to England.

It was only in the year of Columbus’ death that Augustine landed in Keat, On August the 3rd the Bishops, assem bled at the Lambert Conference all went to Giastonbury. Though they went before the Conference to E»ba Fleet todo honor to the memory of St. Augustine, the first Archbishop of Canterbury, they went afterward: to Glastonbary to s2ow tothe world thai St. Augustine was not the oaly one who had brought the message of the Gospel to Britaiu, but that there was a church in Britain long before St Augustine was born.

Indeed we may fairly conclade that the church wasestablished in Britain about 30 or 35 years after the death of our Lord.

This church cannot, however, be called the Church of England, for the Eoglish nation, as we understaud the term, did not then exist. This British Church was Celtic. The Angles, the Saxons, the Danes, who invaded England and drove the Celts northward, and of whom we are the descendants,were pagaus. These owed their conversion mainly to the Augustine missionaries. In 597 St. Augustine and his followers were sent out by Gregory, Bishop of Rome, to convert the Saxons. On his arrivalin Britain he sought the co-operation of the British Church then established in Ireland and at Iona; but the British declined, refusing to keep Easter at the same time as did the Romaue, or to observe other of their customs. Their hostility tothe Saxons also necessarily tend ed towards keeping them apart. Augustine succeeded in Converting E-helbert, King of Kent, and establishing the Church there. East Anglia and Wessex were converted by other foreigners but the great impetusgiven to the spread of the faith came from the British Church in the north. (642). When Oswald, King of Northumbria came to the throne he requested the Scots to send him a bishop to instruct the nation in the faith of Christ. Bishop Aidan, of Iona, was

THE DAILY EXAMINER, CHARLOTTETOWN, FEBRUARY, 19

A oe ee

=

chosen for this purpose, The kirg appointed him bis episcopal see in the He was succeeded by Finan and Finan by Coiman., And by the instrumentality of the-e men. Christianity was established from the Humber to Edinburgh.

King Oswy having; at the instigation of his wife, decided to recognize the Romish authority, Colman withdrew to Jona, buat soon afterwards the community at that place was induced to merge its organization into that of the larger body, and as far as England was concerned the church there became part of that of Western Christen- dom. Thus the Charch of England owes ber origin to these two ronrces and can thus doubly establish her connection with the early Apostolic church, which originated in the command given to the ap »sties—Go ye therefore and teach all nations, baptiz- ing them in the name of the Father, the Son and che Holy Ghost, teach ng them to observeall things whatsoever I have commanded you; and lo,I am with you always even to the end of the world.

Do not imagine, for an instant, that in setting forth tsese historical facts I w sh to convey the idea that individual salvation ig in any way restricted to those who are members of a regularly insti ated chureh. The Bible tells us, and common sense and commod experiencejconfirm the statement, “That in every nation he that feareth God and worketh righteousness is accepied with Him. (Acts 1035) that whethera man be Protestant or Romain Catholic, Methodist, Presbyterian or Epis- copalian, ay, whether he be Christian or Pagan, if he obeys the guidance of the still small] voice of conscience within him, aud strives todo ever that which be be- lieves to be right, God will aceept his ser- vice and bless it to him.

In view ofthe fact that hundreds of millious never had any opportunity offered to them of accepting Christ, and that within the Christian fold the members of the various denominations are by their early training and force of circumstances practically enforced to remain in the faith to which they were born, it would bea monstrous proposition to advance any such idea. Nay, having in view the extent to which tie institutions of all

branches of the great historic Church: have been, from time to time, debased, it ’ is Open to queetion whether, during such periods sslyation was not attainable to many only outside their folds. Yet, while this is the cause, the fact that the Apostles and their immediate succersore did found & Church does surely stand for something, and that something reqnires to be dealt with. (Concluded in our next isaue.)

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