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Ottawa's Juggling Act

Quebec, we note, is not consoled .

by being offered the lion's share-— $42,716,000—-of Ottawa's $87.4 mil- lion package deal with the provinces last week. Premier Lesage says this proposition is simply a basis for discussion. He intends to keep on fighting for more. Without having expressed himself in quite these terms, we gather that Premier Shaw intends to do the same on behalf of Prince Edward Island.

The deal has been aptly describ- ed by Premier Manning of Alberta as a juggling act—juggling success- ion duties with one hand, equaliza- tion payments with the other. Thus. while Ontario gets no equalization grant because of its high income standard, it, will benefit by $14.4 million on the new deal because of the raising of the province's share of succession duties from 50 per cent, as at present, to 75 per cent.

NO GOOD TO US—Where we get off on this phase of the juggling act; was anticipated years ago by the Rowell-Sirois Commission, when itfnoted, apropos of this Province, that “the absence of any notable con- centration of corporate or personal income and wealth in the Island makes it impossible to secure a sub- stantial yield from income taxes and succession duties, although special inducements have been granted com- ponies to incorporate within the jurisdiction of the Island govern- msnt-"

_‘But according to the Toronto Globe a@ Mail, Ontario provides (through tlfi taxes Ottawa collects from it) about half the equalization payments tdfother provinces. “This means," it age, “that Ontario taxpayers will

' psjtvide about $27.5 million of the $5 million boost in equalization g-ibnts." Thus. on the new package déhl, “Ontario will in fact drop $13 mj_Ilion."

that basis, we should be tliinkful for getting anything at all

1- uiider the new juggling act. Thank- ful to Ontario in particular, for put- tifig so much into the kitty, and gkting so little in return. And Pfimier Robarts is described as be- ini “philosophical” about the Ot- tiwa offer, feeling that the 25 per curt transfer of succession duty rfwenue gives him “at least in prin- cijlle" what he had asked for. An etkrniplary way of looking at it.

~ irgeed!

' j’._A HEAVY TOLL-—But that isn't

l qflte the whole story. What was it

I .

" tht Gordon Commission (headed by

\.

‘ 1

1:113 present federal finance minister) ." ha country of those protective tariffs

to say about the cost to the

without which both Ontario and ji Quebec would have had -a much . smaller fraction of the national '. wealth and population than they have today? After an exhaustive in- quiry, the Gordon Commission found ‘_ that tariffs are costing Canadian .1 consumers approximately $1 billion

annually, or about $63 per capital. It is this tariff policy (says Dr.

‘W. A. Mackintosh in his classic A study “The Economic Background of

_. Dominion-Provincial Relations”) that ilhas made easier monopolistic ex-

7 Qploitation in the big Central Prov-

hgee, has encouraged urbanization ‘end the growth of metropolitan "which in turn have by e .. ” of agglomeration drawn to further manufacturing and

1 '_ ‘ uetrlee because of the ", ' -- sldlled labor. and industrial

' ‘_',eveilable." This has increas-

___._. , _. _ 4,,,_ .,_

TUESDAY. DECEM—l3‘ER 3. 1963. f

posing a correspondingly dispropor- tionate burden on “the export re- gions" of the country.

Nor is this the whole story.

OUR OWN MONEY—Due to this heavy concentration of industries in Central Canada resulting chiefly from high tariff policies, corpora- tions doing nation-wide business pay their income taxes, through their head offices. in those provinces. Thus the constitutional right of provinces like Prince Edward Island to tax profits made in their own ter- ritory becomes ineffective. That is wh,\' equalization payments were necessary in the first place. why they should be paid on a basis of fiscal need and why they represent largely a reimbursement of our own money.

That is why, in the present case. we think there was something de-

cidedly phoney about this juggling ~

act that Ottawa put on last week. The $599,000 increase we are to get is not even on a per capita basis. It is only a first installment of what we should receive, judging by the proportion allotted to Quebec and the other Atlantic Provinces.

We trust that our elected repre- sentatives, both at home and at Ot- tawa. will continue to press for more equitable treatment in this matter. It is not only of grave concern to us as it stands. but it involves a precedent on which our whole future as a province could very well depend.

A National Problem

Water pollution is a growing problem in Canada, as it is in the United States. Many towns and cities, already strapped financially. struggle to meet the soaring need for new treatment facilities. Oth- ers struggle little and some not at all. Fouled water is. indeed, a major national problem, yet we lack gen- eral standards of water quality and a general policy to protect our econ- omy, our health, wildlife and the beauty around us.

Now, the United States senate has passed amendments designed to put new vigor into the fight against pollution. If the Senate measure goes through, there would be a new federal water pollution control ad- ministration in the welfare depart- ment. headed by an executive of as- sistant secretary rank. It would set federal water quality standards to guide communities and industries.

Enforcement of these measures would be obtained through confer- ences, public hearings and, if neces- sary, in the courts. The public health service, which now directs the ,U.S. pollution program, would be given a subsidiary role. There have been complaints that the health

‘agency stresses the health phase of

pollution while giving too little at- tention to its effects on recreation, conservation and commerce. Be that as it may, the idea is to attack the problem on all fronts.

One major pollution problem is that faced by the 1,131 American communities with combined storm- sanitary sewer systems. It would cost an estimated $8 billion to separ- ate these systems in all communities. The Senate measure would attack the problem by providing $80 mil- lion in research grants over a four year period in communities willing to seek new and cheaper ways of meeting the problem.

The legislation, if passed, would also raise the present ceiling on grants to help communities build sewage treatment facilities. It would set standards for acceptable "soft" detergents, and a deadline by which industry must meet them.

It is time that Ottawa, too, was taking a lead in dealing with this problem.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Under a bill introduced in the House of Commons by Mr. Heath Macquarrie. it is proposed to honor the memory of Confederatiotfs chief architect, Sir John A. Macdonald, by the observance of a holiday bearing his name. The bill proposes such a holiday on the Monday following his

birthday, January I].

O Q Q

A worthy and suitable Canadian memorial to the late President Ken- nedy has been started in the form of the John F. Kennedy Memorial Fund for Retarded Children. Do nations to the fund have already been received by the Canadian As- sociation for Retarded Children. It flueoee raeeeseh,

' see in economics. social sciences

WEATHER ON THE GREAT LAKES

_O_l’_TAWA REPORT by

Skill And Tact Shown By Labor Minister

After a s u m m er of worry about the Great Lakes shipping, and a fall of animosity between Ottawa and Washington about the Great Lakes labour situation, the government plan to restore calm through a trusteeship over the unions appears to be work- ing out. This at least is the opin- ion of Canada's Labour Minister, Hon. Allan MacEachen, who took over the portfolio as a ‘ rookie in the summer that has seen perhaps labour’: most dif- ficult era.

Yet the new minister has shown skill and fact. in handling very difficult national and inter- national problems; an ap- parently reaching success, he has built 'therto mlnor government portfolio into one of major importance, and has raised his own reputation to be one of the major successes in the new cabinet.

Allan MacEachen‘s fa mlly background, upbringing and training has been almost custom- made to fit him for his present task. One of the three sons of a Scottish catholic coalminer in Cape Breton. he was reared in Inveruess. in Nova Scotian com- munity where life is an inces- sant battle against the hardships of poverty and the hazards of the mines. This gave him an un- derstanding sympathy for the workers and an affinity to the labor movement. Hie training. both scholastic and parliamen- tary, has been the ideal appren- ticeship. .

DEGREES FOR POLITICS After graduating from St

Francis Xavier University, It

Antigonlsh, he took further cour-

and political economy at the uni- verslty of Toronto and Chicago, and at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He also did two years as professor and head of the department of economics and social science at Antlgonleh. He was first elected to h e House of Commons for his home town in 1953, at the age of 32. The quiet competent Scot was noted. even on the over-crowded and under-employed government‘ back benches. as a young politi- cian of unusual promise. He has won re-election in three subse- quent national campaigns. and la the great Diefenbaker sweep of 1958 he was defeated by it

PUBLIC FORUM

‘!'hle column is apee to the discussion by eerrunoudeut el ueestleus el h- tereet. The Guardian deal has eases- urfly endorse the eptuleu of surrea- poudeule. All letters published are eut- te editing and eaudeeeetlea when eeceaury_ The Guardian le unable to enter late say eon-reapeadauee regard- : letters submitted. A BETTER DEAL?

Slr,—-I saw Miss Gavin's letter ln the Public Forum. Since when did the government have to pay money back to old age pension- ers or senior citizens, as Ilse calls thesis? I think the old people in this ee I better deal than the people that work hard.

Moat ‘old people get 875 a

Patrick Nicholson

mere 16 votes. But even then he did not leave Parliament Hill. His party leader. Mike Pearson. had formed an admiration and a friendship for him, and invited him to serve as his special as- sistant, with the significant inc- dental task of helping him map parliamentary strategy.

When the Liberals won power at this year's election, All a n McEachen‘s seniority and ex- perience marked him as N o v a Scotle‘s obvious representative in the cabinet.

BILTNGUAL BACHELOR

He lives alone in an apartment carved out of one of the large family homes which fill Ottawa's once- fashionable Sandy Hill dis- trlct.Drawing $18,000 as an MP plus $17,000 as I Cabinet Minis- ter, he ranks as Parliam ent Hill's most bachelor. And he is a house- trained bach- elor too. who prepares his own breakfast every day-— consist- ing of what doctors would de- plore as an inadequate meal of coffee and cornflakes.

With the great load of the Lab-

Leodership Challenge

As a tough political scrapper. John Diefenbaker has no peer It is not at all surprising that he has thrown down the gauntlet to those withing the Progressive Conservative Party who oppose his leadership and announced that he will ask for a v o te confidence at the national con- vention next February.

Arranging a transfer of politi- cal leadership within a party is I difficult enough proposition if the man at the top decides to step down gracefully. The Bri- tish Conservatives recently have

n reminded of this.

When a leader fights to h old his job, the struggle is all th at m u c h rougher. Neverthel e s I

ose Conservatives who believe it is in the party’: interest to re- place the present leadership can- not shy away from the fight.

Mr. nbaker has chosen his own best fighting ground- the prairies — to ' launch his campaign. But, fighter that he is, he rejected Winnipeg as the

our Department, he has had but one day off in six months-—eveu on Sundays he puts in several hours of work. His golf clubs lle little used. his favourite detec- tive novels little read. Amid all the present urging that Canad- ians should be bilingual, I was interested to note that he is fluently bilingual: his family always spoke Gaelic at home in his childhood, and of course he speaks English.

Looking ahead. the next me!- or task he thinks should be to initiate plans to take advantage of the many and better jobs which will be created by auto- mation. He is planning a M a n- power Consultative Service, and he anticipates an avid utiliza- tion of the growing facilities for technical training.

Whilst some of his headlined cabinet colleagues have s een their stars eclipsed during th e Sixty Days of Decision and sub-

sequently. Hon. Allan M e c- Eachen has made his star blaze as success substantiates his pro- mlse.

site of the convention and insis- ted it be held in Ottaw .

The first job for his opponents, if they are sincere in their oppo- sition, is to make certain th ey are represented at the conven- tion. That means a good deal of hard work at the constituency level. They must also speak up at the convention; r. Diefen- baker and his a u p p o rters cer-

will.

Plastic Surgery. .

ls Concealmg By Dr. ‘Theodore R. Veanellee Face lifting makes a person look 10 to 15 years younger but it will not stop the aging process. Plastic surgery con- ceals the outsr manifestations ofgrowingoldbut will none- juvenate the individual. except in qtirit. Alta the operation. the wrinkles recur gradually. depending upon the speed wl ts

no 5‘

which the skin deterlore a. body weight fluctuations, the age, habits. and occupation.

The results are said who ex- cellsnt for the first year, g on d the second year, and fair th e third year. A new lift may be considered after the fifth year. This is not mentioned to be dis- couraging but as I briefing on what to expect.

A good analogy. according to a group of plastic surgeons from Detroit, is to compare the patient with an unoperated twin sister who continues to age at the same rate. Theoretically. this would in eke the appear- ance of the operated twin 10 to 15 years younger than her sister.

Face lifting is well named be- cause thls is what the. surgeon does. The technique is compli- cated but an oversimplified version goes like this: An inci- sion is made along the side of the face, behind the hair line. above and below the ear. The ekln is separated from the un- derlying tissue and pulled up and back, and the excess re- moved. In time, the hair hides the incision. Special’ procedures are needed to eliminate wrink- les on the forehead, sagging skin above the eyes, and d eep cheek folds created by smiling.

The best candidates are vig- orous, well adjusted career men and women in their forties or fifties who have aged prematu-

wrinkles, flabby skin, and sagging jowls no lou- ger can be camouflaged wltu cosmetics.

Basically, they have good skin with only slight changes in the underlying framework or connectlvs tlsaue. They have neither too much nor too little subcutaneous fat. Improvement

' only temporary when the skin is lumpy because of fat deposits and if it is too dry. the patient may end up looking like a wax figure. Not every- one wlll benefit from plastic surgery.

TEMPORARY COLOSTOMY

J.R. writes: A year ago I had I colostomy. Is it true that it can be closed if X-rays and pro- ctoscoplc examination prove satisfactory?

REPLY .

Yes. but this problem is (no technical to answer via a health column. You fall to state why an opening was made through the skin of the abdomen to allow the contents of the colon to excape to the outside I o n g before they reach the rectum.

THROAT “LUM'P"

Mrs. L. writes: What causes a lump in the throat every so often? This makes me very nervous.

REPLY

This is a common ner v 0 I1 I manifestation. and, in many in- stances. is aggravated by the ensuing anxiety. The aensatlon probably stems from a contrac- tion of the throat muscles.

CLEANSING WITH CARROTS Mrs. P. Writes: Will eating I carrot stick after a meal prove as effective as an apple in cleansing the teeth after eating?

REPLY

I doubt it because carrots are too firm to get between the teeth.

NOTES

load- ed et ell.- Hamilton Spectator.

The average net income at Saskatchewan farmer th 1 a year is estimated at 750. No one is singing out than how are you going to keep them down on the farm?—- Ottawa Journal.

"1 have suffered with "had last _for e longjtlme. My doctor says The trouble is ‘bad circulation. fiinowing the wonderful circula- tion of the Mirror I put two sheets of the paper in my shoes and my own circulation has im- mensely lmpi-oved."— Letter in London Daily Mirror.

THE VVAT‘

bills without my ‘?..:’.*'.'.'.‘.'..“t‘.."""‘.t:’.'* -t -

Whlt you‘;- dflilll no one else doee._(_-"1:

Nurse: ‘'1 think by - _ in: consclousnesl. doclorreuiing tried to blow the foam off I . P19di‘ClllO-"--Slrnll Observer,

Wltisu Cesare Felice plied for I military

lull’. TIC

other udfiybln ggnou.

was

he had heel: unda'r»utah‘ii1gih'.".l.';l fence for 46 years. on a charge of desertlng from the army dur. lag the First World War in 1917, They couldn't have been going totoomuchtroubletoflnd 1um_

—-Cape Breton ‘Post.

Sometimes history chases its own tall, as witness the diploma- tic drift of France‘ back toward South-East Asia. ,

It is not quite ten years yet since the fall of Deinblenphu sealed the defeat of France in the Indo-China war— the long- est war in the twentieth century —whlch cost France 100,000 dead or missing and, in money,

Our Yesterdays

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY - FIVE YEARS AGO (December 3_, 1988)

Snow squalls and falling tem- peratures laat night in the wake of the afternoon‘: blizzard, did not dampen the ardor of bidders at Rotary’s sixth radio auction. Approximately 500 listed articl- es, with many special groups sold in the six hours spirited bidding.

One hundred and ten years ago at Stalnes. England, the Ameri- can horse Tom Thumb trotted 100 miles without pause or rest in ten hours and seven minutes. He was hitched to I rig which weighed 108 lbs.

TEN YEARS AGO

(December 8. 1953) HALIFAX (CP) — Rev. Canon A. Stanley Walker. 63. president of the University of King‘: Col- lege here. died at his h o m a early today of a heart abtiac Canon Walker had just returned Tuesday night from I business trip to New York.

SHANNON. Ireland (Reuters) —The airliner carrying Prim Minister Churchill to Bermuda arrived here 15 minutes behind schedule, for its refuelllng stop. The 79-year-old statesman work- ed up to the last m.‘..ute before his departure.

O

The Rczomdfluo Asia

twice what ehe received in pm under the Marshall Plan.

That war began in 1946 when the Vletmlnh. organized by the Communists in China in 1941 under the leadership of Ho Ci- mlnh and later encouraged by the Japanese, struck at French military installations in Hanoi.

Chinese Communists. who were soon to become the cl’- fectlve government of ail China except the island of Formosa, provi a base, arms and ad. vice for the invaders.

Defeat, culminating in in 9 ceasefire signed at Geneva in July 1954. was a staggering blow to French morale-—worse. by fat. than the failure in Algeria was to prove later.

It was at the very roofs of the political demorallzatlon which led eventually to the breakdown of the Fourth Republic and the accession of General de Gaulle to power.