Six practicing veterinary doc- demands on these doctors tors under the direction of Dr. George C. Fisher, Director of Ve- terinary Services, Department of Agriculture, are on hand to serve the needs of farmers in several rural areas of the Province. The

FARMERS. RELY HAVILY ON THESE MEN

are heavy and involve many miles of travel under all conditions, however they are doing‘ a good job in looking after the needs of Island’ livestock. Left to right are: Doctors M.H. Clark and T.

:, Wool Payments Are Explained I

0TTAWA—Further information on the deficiency payment for wool has now been issued by the Agricultural Stabilization Board.

Wool producers who wish to in- sure that their 1958 clip is eli- gible for the deficiency payment should see that their wool is de- livered to a warehouse or mill where it will be graded in ac- cordance with the standards es- tablished by the Canada Depart- ment of Agriculture. The identity of each grow-er’s wool must be maintained and a record of own- ership supplied to the operator of the establishment. A pro-per grade certificate will be a requirement. These statements must show grower‘s name and address, to- tal net weight of wool received and the total weight of ' each grade.

All the regular classes and grades of shorn ﬂeece wool will be eligible but no payment will be made on defective wools such as dead, heavy, chaffy and bur- ry, cotts, damaged, mothy, locks, tags, leg and face clippings kept separate at shearing time or re-

Grazing

moved at grading.

Only bona fide producers or growers of wool are eligible—in other words the farmer or ranch- er. There can be no change of original ownership "and any in- fringement thereof is subject to penalty.

The deficiency payment will be calculated as the difference be- tween the average price for the year If.o.b. Toronto for Western Range Choice half staple, and 60 cents a pound.

Thus if the average selling price of this grade of wool at Toronto for the 12 months connnencing April 1, 1958 should prove to be 50 cents a pound then the defic- iency pagnent would be 10 cents per pound. In any case, whatever the deficiency payment, it will be calculated an the average selling price and will be paid to every eligible producer, regardless of the price he received for his wool.

The important point for the producer at the moment is to see that a grade certificate will be

available covering his wool."

Control

Produces Results

Dcswtructive p es t s of grain; uots overseas. When these ships

flour, cereal and other products can cause serious losses to the mining industry. One of the many objectives of the World Congress Otf Entomology, to be held this coming August 17-25 in Montreal, is to discuss new and improved means of reducing these losses. 'Dop ranking spe- cialists from all over the world will discuss and assess the most recent developments in this field of research. The irnportanoe of this prob- lem is emphasized by Dr. H. E. G-ray, Head of the Stored Product Insect Unit, Entomology Division, Canada Department of Agricul- ture. He states “Because the ex- port of grain is a mainstay of the Canadian economy, thorough and constant insect control is necessary at all times, and par- ticularly during periods of con- gestion when the muovecmenrt of grain from Canada is lower than normal. if sales are to be main- tained Canadian grain must be Ilree from insect pests.” Insect control in stored prod- ucts has been-primarily one of prevention rather than cure. Per- sonnel of grain and Iﬁlour milling companies have been trained to spot trouble in the early stages hence many diﬁﬁiculties are avoided if proper action is taken immediately. Very close liaison is main t a i n e d with Canada’s Board of Grain Commissioners to ensure that grain exported from Canada is insect-‘free at al times. Pest control programs de- vised and initiated by the Ento- mology staﬂf of the Canada De- partment of Ag~riculture are in eﬁﬁect in practically all large mills throughout Canada. A Canada is the only country in the world that carries out a pro- gram of inspection of all ships carrying grain and cereal prod-

Six-day Work Week Wanted

(St. Thomas Times-Joumal)

A EZYOIUD of Italian immigrants who came to Canada last year got work in the Moose J aw area, Any’ Canadians who got the kind °£ “P5 they did would regard tf}.1em5eLVe5 35 111‘-‘ky;' they had a

Ive-day week, sevenhours 8 day. It looked good,

ThBut they were not satisfied.

ey quit their employment and begn to look for. other jobs. Ask- ed why they threw up good jobs they stated that they wanted to work sIx days a week and up to ten hours :1 day so that they could earn "10-"9 Day and establish themscves in good homes of their own.

R. Furness, Kensington; H.H. Kel- 1y, Charlottetown; George C. Fish- er, Director of Veterinary Ser- vices; and A.E. Ings, Montague, Missing from photo are Doctors W. Freeburn, O’Leary and A.B. Kelly, Charlottetown.

Care Of Horses Said Important

Horse-drawn machines still do a good propjortion of the work in Ontario and still account for a good proportion of the acci- dents as well.

DO’S

1. Treat horses kindly but firm- ly. Shouting and abuse makes horses difficult to manage.

2. Keep harness, whiffletrees, etc., in good repair.

DON’TS

1. Don’t trust even the quietest horses. If you can’t keep within easy rea-ch of the reins, tie your team up.

2. Don’t g-et into dangerous places around and under an im- plement if the team is hitched to it. PRECAUTIONS TO TAKE

For the sake of safety take these precautions: '~

1. Never open the hood when a blower is running.

2. Never lay tools on the feed table.

3. Make sure the feed table can be stopped in an emergency.

4. Never stand on loads where you could fall on the feed table.

Garden Path Is Desirable

A winding path adds interest to any garden even where it may

not be absolutely necessary. But it should not be too obvious, and if one wants a curve ro two

are found to he infested they are treated with contact sprays or are fumigatdd.

Research on grain-Iinfesting in- sects covers all stages of grain handling from Iﬁarm storage, to terminal elevators, to the actual loading operations at shipping Tests are continuously be- ing made to determine the best toxicants and most efficient methods of application. A pro- gram is also in eﬂfect with re- speot "to ﬁlour mill sanitation. Ledaing world scientists will have the opportunity of personal- ly exchanging views on all of these irnportaint profblems at the World Congress of Entomology. They will assess the results of entomological research, teaching achievements, and the msot mod- ern methods of controlling de-

structive pests.

F MRS.

busiest woman today . . . MAPLE LEAF BAKERY are

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FARMER --

RecId This Message From MAPLE l.=EAF BAKERY

It is a 'well known fact that the F'ar:mer’s Wife is the . especially at this season of the - year. Why then toil over a hot stove baking when we at

us today for all yours needs in the line of Pastries, Cakes, . . we know you’ll be glad

FRESH! SOFT-AS-A-CLOUD , HOME MADE WHITE BREAD ’

. unbeatable for taste and

then there should be some excuse

for that curve, such as a tree

or group of shrubbery. What the partlh will be made of depend upon how much traffic and what materials are available. firm sod will take some wear and it day will even carry a car. For more permanent results and heavier tradlflc, flag stones, bricks, crushed oi-uders on well packed gravel are all suitabtle. Where -these act as driveways as well and carry heavy tnaiﬁic some tourndation and drainage are davisable.

Good

To keep down weeds in drive-

ways there are many good weed killers on the market. To lay the dust common salt and old car oil can be used and they have the

additional advantages of hinsding the gravel or cinder nad discour- aging frost.

ready to serve you . . . Call

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Heat and serve . . . that’s all you do and your family will

good-for-you qualities, too. And, you never have to guess just how fresh it is--we bake every day and mark our day-old bread at a lower price. Try a loaf today.

really think you spent all day making these deli- ‘ cious rolls. Enjoy our Parker House, twist or many other varieties of rolls.

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The Selection of Sires for any breeding programme is one of supreme importance. In an Arti- ficial Breeding Programme this is even more important especial- ly when we consider that undesirable characteristics as well as desirable characteristics can be deseminated on a much wider scale and on a much shorter period of time.

Therefore, it is highly desirable that all those connected with an Artificial Breeding Programme put forth every effort to assist in establishing a sound Sire Sel- ection Programme. -

The pedigree of a particular an- imal can be outstanding on both the dam and sire side and the individual himself be a very good type of his breed. Nevertheless this means but little unless that particular individual has the in- inherent capabilities of transmit- ting those desirable characteris- tics to his offspring.

CAREFUL PLANNING

In the Maritimes our forefath- ers through carefulplanning and hard work established outstand- ing cow families in the various breeds. It is to these families that we should put forth our ef- forts in an attempt to profit by the careful planning which went on before us. It would be n-eces- sary to select in the dairy breeds these animals on production re- cords both milk and fat. Type

{Sire Selection Is, Very Important

’ grade herd by the utilization of

characteristics are desirable but should not be put ahead of pro- duction.

The only satisfactory way and the only accurate way to deter- mine production, both milk and fat, is by weighing and testing. In the pure bred herds this can be accomplished by using R.O.P. or in the partly pure bred and

the P.E.I. Department's D airy Herd Improvement Policy.

Average estimated milk pro- duction in the Province is 55 pounds and the average estim - ted butter fat production is 200 pounds per cow. Through an im- proved breeding programme and improved husbandry practices or management the productivity of the individuals can be greatly in- creased.

The members of the P.E.I. Sire Selection Committees are: Hol- stein, Hudson Lowther, Albany; B.B. Jones, Bunbury and Char- les MacDonald, Souris. Ayrshire: Major Reid, Rollo Bay West; Wil- fred Furness, Vernon Bridge and Wallace Wood, Marshfield. Jer- sey: Edison Mutch, North River; Edwin Lord, Summerside R. R. and Ernest Underhay, Bay For- tune. Guernsey: Eric H-urry, West Royalty; Guy R-odd, Brac- kley and Roy Younker, Kingston. Beef: Tom Sanderson, North Riv- er; Eddie Clark, Belmont, Lot 16

and Lloyd Lockerby, Hamilton.

OTTAWA—- The home garden- er who desires a similar plant or shrub to one already growing, is often uncertain how to start a new one from the otl. Some spec- ies are readily grown from seed but seedtings of superior varie- ties are rarely as good as the parent,‘E. L. Eaton of the Kent- ville, N.S. Experimental Farm, Canada Depatrment of Agricul- ture, says the only way to secure a new plant exatly like the old one, is to divide the original in such a way that the new plant will have both stem and root, and thus be able to continue life independently.

ELDERBERRY

The native elderberry, used as an ornamental and also for its fruit, is one of the easiest shrubs to propagate. If grown under clean cultivation, numeorus un- derground stems give rise to new plants which can be dug up and moved to new locations. If larg- er numbers are desired they are readily grown by rooting donmant cuttings made from the wood of the previousyear. If this wood is examined, ridges or nodes will be found on each stem. Normal- ly two buds are present on oppo- site sides of each node. ' Stems should be cut in pieces with one or more nodes to each cutting. Cuttings should be col- lected in late fall or winter, tied in bundles and buried in damp sawdust, sand or peat. Toward spring, these cuttings may be set in flats or boxes containing the same Tnaterials and placed in a warm has-emenvtor room. At lea-st one node should be buried. The emergence of stems and roots is usually rapid and vigorous, and young plants maybe set out of doors when the danger of severe frost is over. '

BURY BRANCHES

The highbush cranberry, like its close relative, the old-fashion ed snowall bush, is easily propo- gated by burying the lower bran- ches in soil. Roots appear readily

Propagating New Shrubs

liam, N.S., is the national presi- dent of the Federated Women’s ‘Institutes of Canada. She elected at the annual convention held last year. She will visit the Island this summer

Mrs. the many Women’s Institutes in this Province:

pontunity to talk again with the Women’s Institute members Prince Edward Island. I am look- ing forward to meeting you at your Convention this summer.

MRS. KEITH RAND

N. S. Woman Is’ F. W‘ I. Leader

Mrs. Keith Rand of Port Wil-

was

The following is a message from

DEVELOP AGRICULTURE

“I said one of the “OIbJ'€CtS" Of our Federation was Agriculture". How many Of think at least once yearly ‘Of an the “Objects” as set down In the By-laws of our organization. There are seven therein listed. Have Y0“ all a branch copy of the By-13W5_? The mechanics of these are In the process of change dl,1’e to 0111‘ growth but the "obiects as for- mulated by the founders of our Federation will remain unchanged as they are basic. _ " “Three of these “0bJe_ctS_ are in my mind. One is “To raise the standard of homemaking’ -“Nome it is “homemaking” not 110l1S}?' keeping”. Kndvving and _pra~ct1s- ing how to make a home 1S much more than knowing how to 1156 all the‘ newest gadgets. Use and knowledge of these timesavers only serve to give us more time to make a “home”. One of _the major problems of our society is preservation of the family Way of life. The family is the only possible base upon which society can build for the future. Women’s Institute members are p_art1-c-u_1- arly well equipped to build this base strong and firm as a foun- dation for the future of our coun- try. .

ADULT EDUCATION

“To develop us

“Another “Object” is “to P1‘0'

mote educational, moral, social and economicmeasures . Here 15

adult education in its entirely. We are not just —a community club

Page 10B, T£4:S_tB1_3:1I3Y 20,

,7;n_,-gvcflfecﬁation group of prime,

importance. The role of the home‘; in education is a topic widely dis-‘, cussed at the present time. Where! do we as Institute members stand‘ on this topic? ; . We have to keep abreast of the changing scene and be prepared to voice our opinions on all to- pics, We can’t take the way of least resistance like the little boy who didn’t study his geography for he said, “My Dad says the world is changing every day, so I thought I'd just wait until it settled down”. It has been said “You can’t do to-day’s job with yesterday’s tools and be in bus- iness to-morrow”. It is up to each of us to keep Institute work in business to-mo.-rrow. ENCOURAGE COOPERATION “One last “Object”—“To en _- courage co-operation and co - munity effort”. World peace is everyone’s concern but we can’t have world peace if we\:lo not have community peace which comes from forgetting our dif- ferences and working as one for the betterment of all. Small com- munities from Newfoundland to British Columbia all home mak- ing, learning, co-opérating, eager to know and help others besides ourselves cannot help but con- tribute to peace in the world.

“Never lose sight of the long range goal won by everyday liv- ing with a plan in mind. I once

heard someone say “There is a

_195s — Guardian

__ __ II " -. limit to our achievgmem -.~ none to our goal”. * T‘

This is the most out in pasture management ‘’ dition of the pasture~'tm;o the summer will 13.1- upon the treatment giv' ing May and early June‘

At the present time see throughout the co ' mg less flocks of sheep,‘ some cattle ranging‘ 5“ fields intended for s. ,, ture.

While the animals their freedom after 3 winter in the barn," small amount of feed pick up can not the,damage they (1 The sheep’s sharp _., close grazing habit d’ crowns and roots of, ._ clovers when the gr

Feeding the sheep ‘ fenced paddock near until they can be sheamp. yoked will .perInit them to ex‘ ercise in the sun and ﬁres]; - keep them from getting Btu-rs am}, sticks in. their wool, pr ecu pasture, and allow 3

will

time to repair the fences, .,

Rand to the members of

“I am happy to have the op- of

“The fact that this is a special

or a fund raising organization 'but_

To ALL‘; 4-H CLUBS and

WANG 6* ~ pom] fl, ,

Take Shoots From The Old

contact with damp soil for a few weeks in the early growing sea- son. Tne fololwing spring these rooted stems are detaihed from the parent plant, set in a nur- sery row and grown one or more years before moving to their per- manent plare. Dormant u-uttings of the previous year's wood may be rooted in damp-sand, peat or sawdust, and later grown in a nursery row for a year or two until they reach the desired size

for translpanting.

Bits Of Advice

. _A. The poorest_time to pur- is when she‘ is springing or fresh. Normal swell- ing of the udder at that time makes it almost impossible to'de- tect old, chronic mastitis les-

chase a cow

ions that may be present.

B. A shortage of copper in the ration will cause a marked de- crease in a sheep’s wool produc-

from any young stem that is in

tion.

C. Sudden and prolonged sneez- ing in the swine herd could be the warning of a serious swine disease infections atrophic rhinitis.

D. Dogs suffering from diabet- es may now receive regular insu- lin injections enabling them to live in comfort and reasonable wellbeing.

E. The use of barium sulfate, given to dogs under anesthesia by means of a stomach pump, is helpful to veterinarians in mak- mg more accurate X-ray diagnos- is of problems in the dog’s diges- tive tract.

G. The Canadian Veterinary Medical Association advises live- stockmen that calling a veterjn. arian early is more satisfactory for all concerned when animals or poultry are sick. It will take fewer_drugs in many cases, thus reducing the expenses; the drugs can work better as there is less tissue damage; and the net re- suit is a quicker recovery from the disease.

MR. FARMER

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agricultural issue makes this op- portunity particularly significant. One of the ‘‘objects’' in the By- laws of the Federated Women’s Institutes of Canada is “To pro- mote agriculture”. The Women’s Institute is an organization of ru- ral women. There are many out- standing organizations with an ur- ban background which have aims similar to ours but we are unique in the fact that we voice the op- inion of 9,000,000 rural women in our Dominion.

Many of our organizations are now in urban areas but I think we should always bear in mind that our beginnings were rural and be justly proud of this birth- right. Agriculture is changing its face with our changing economy but it will always be a basic in- dustry. One thing is sure, hu-man beings will always try to feed themselves three times a day. With these things in mind it is indeed a challenge to Women’s Institute members to study trends in agriculture, to keep in mind the dignity of and joy of rural living and to express the rural

viewpoint on all problems facing

our world today.

RURAL HOMES

No Instrument can replace The Piano in Club or Home ' T“ j 9 II

A piano‘is a complicated musical instrument constructed with thousandsj’*.dff -5 J} parts and the tremendous strain on string section adds up to twenty tons. - Few . people realize the toll that even the use in a good home‘ can take on SlIcl)"lan‘1 . instrument. Whether you buy an expensive new Heintzman or a thirty-y ai"old'L 1‘ used instrument from us you are assured that you will not be offered so ' as a moth egg, one bad string or loose tuning pin and adjustments and tuijingf will be perfect. True it costs money to do such work but if you care to really » go into the value consideration you will find that money spent here—WillV,“'payf . ample dividends; over the years. Anything Miller Brothers sells you is backed I by their guarantee over many years. A . . -

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