7729 Gun:-dian

"l.uu- . run. uni: Inland LIII in uur p.,i.i.,....., Hm. week an not-um. at lba I-nnce sueu Chdrlualetowu. e E. i.. by in I' in--on L0-"W"! M"

44 x 1 st w.. Iuillo 12;. ....-is..x 'i'uuei Bldg. . I-'r.inis wand-1 tin-iicral. I inn A innneii Iii-nib--i i.in..:li..nIi..ilv xi-.ispapcr Puuiisin-is .-tssm-niimn

utniui-i ul tin-r.iii.xi1i.iii Prim Mfliliwl wi-in Him-..u ul llll'ili1AlllH'll uiiu--y. ..i SlllIil'l14'rsllir. .UnlIl.r.:uI' .inil .uin-nun ici...-i hlnil D) "'0 PW 9"'"

Iuiiiieai Olll E

uiunin Alllili-I'l16d II St"

ay omit-i iriiai-i.. - Ium i-zimiim-e III i-i-;i Stllxl y 5 513,00 pf! annum

T:'TlIPT5l.I'tII'ILZll5l im-innry is Wl'IIkl'f than the ucul-it-st ink."

ll'l-II)VKSi).IT.-MAY 9. HM

From Hiroshima 'Illici'e is El. touch of sadiicss in a ,.,...,i..;,.m mliiiiicil by the (lily Coun- I'll of llirosliini;i. Japan. and sent to

the ;;ovci'iuni-iits of the l'niteil Sl,ili's, Briluin. uiiil Riissia. It plead- cil tnr an end to all nuclear tests.

.l'l-l what happened to the resolution ill London and )loscow' has not licrll ii-vealed--at least we have not sccil any account of it-but a late ills- patch from the l(yodo IVcw's A.Ei'llV.V says that President Eisenhower ac- kniiwledged receipt of the rriiucsl. and declined it regretfully. in his letter. the agency reports, the Pre- sident stated that, while the I'iiiicd Slates would like to see nuclear weapons put under safe internation- ad control. the tests are ncccssai')' for the self defence and security of the free world.

Perhaps this explanation will mollify the anxiety of the citizens of Iliroshima. and perhaps it will not. (Terlainly, Mr. Eisenhower is sin- cere in his views; for he knows as well as any government leader in the world what would happen if, by some error of judgment on his part with respect to nuclear power, the free nations were left naked to the oppressive strength of the Soviet Union. At the same time. his human- itarian instincts. which are well re- cognized. must make him deeply ap- prehensive of the danger involved in the piling up of atomic engines of destruction.

I-liroshima, it will be recalled. has had painful experience in atomic horror. While the citizens of other cities fear the unknown. the lliro- ahimans have sad and bitter memor- ies of the first dark days of the atomic era. And they know, as peo- ple everywhere must. know by now, that the bombs which fell on their city in 1945, compared with those which now stand ready for war, were petty and small. It may be that their cry for a halt to the folly that threatens universal destruction is impractical at the present. time, and must. be rejected. If so, more's the pity. But there is no denying the val- idity of its appeal for a better and a aaner world.

Indian Ocean Eden

World events ironically have ex- iled an archbishop of Cyprus to an Iidian Ocean paradise where a not- ed British soldier once claimed to have found the Biblical Garden of Eden. Nor is Archbishop Makarios the first political castaway in the coconut islands of the Seychelles. A long succession of African kings, pre- tenders, and potentatcs have gone there. as did King Prcmpeh of Ash- anti in 1000 with top hat and niorn- ing coat, three wives, and 55 follow- ers.

Such ripples in the tranquil life of the far-off Seychelcs, however, are few and far between. llislory moves there at a placid pace, and politics are far less a problem than h o r e d o m. Surrounded by long reaches of tropical occan, they are one of the least known of Britain's scattered colonies. A thousand miles from the East. Africa coast, and half that far from the northern tip of Madagascar, 92 granite and coral dots lift from the sea. They have happy names: Curieuse, Silhouette. Frigate, Felicite, and Marie Louise among them. The largest and most important is Mahe. 17 miles long and 4 to 7 miles wide. Others are mere points of rock, atolls dotted with palms and ringed with turf and reefs.

When these quiet islands intrude on world awareness. often the news has an exotic, faraway air. A few years ago a treasure-hunting team descended on Mahe with an old pir- ate map, cryptic smiles. and elec- tronic divining rods. But when the blasting had died away, an out ma been unearthed were a few old coins.

Portuguese havigators of the 1500's. and perhaps earlier Arab nation in dhows. discovered the Sey- chain. They remained unclaimed until French ships mine from Ile de Franco (Mauritius) in the mid. 1111!.

When war with England broke out soon after. the French governor, one Chevalier de Quincy, found a notable way of avoiding trouble. He flew the flag of France until a Brit- ish ship would appear, whereupon he'd hoist a big blue banner with the words "Scychclcs Capitulation," w'el- come his conquerors, and provision them generously. As soon as they departed. back up would go the French flag.

By the Treaty of Paris in 1814, Briiuiii was awarded the islands. Ninety years later, by Letters Pat- l'lli, it rucogiiiycd them as a Crown Coloiiy.

In the lssir.-, (ii-ncral George t”t'liincsc") Gordon. then a Colonel, Ullllltl to the unsliakable conclusion on the green island of ilraslln that he h.iil illllllli mankind's birthplace. tin lliuisliii grows one of the strang- est palm trees on earth. the double- iiiwlllllll or ”coco-dc-mer." Gordon hi-lil that the tree and its oddly stint.-il lllll lured Adam and Eve to their iluw niall.

Canadian Memorial

(it special interest to all Cana- ili;in veterans who fought in Italy in liic Second World War is the an- nonccment that a new memorial to t1ni:u'la's war dead is being placed in the war cemetery at (fassino, 2! noted Italian battlefield. The unveil- ing will be performed on Sunila.V. st-pt. 20, by Canadals former (lov- ernor (leneral, Field Marshal Earl Alexander of Tunis.

The memorial has been built in an amphitheatre of hills, overlook- ed by the Benedictine Monastery in Monte Cassino, and the town of Cassino. On it are the names of 193 Canadian soldiers who died in the Italian campaign and have no known graves. More than 850 Canadians- 848 soldiers and seven airmen are buried in the cemetery. The inscrip- tion says. ”Around them are the graves of their comrades who died fighting in these parts to open the way to Rome and the North."

It is particularly fitting that Earl Alexander should officiate at the unveiling ceremony. He was com- mander of the Allied armies in Italy at the time the men being honored gave their lives. It is also fitting that individual invitations to attend the ceremony have been sent to the next-of-kin of each man named in the memorial or buried in the ceme- tery. I

The unveiling of this memorial will be a touching and colorful event at which (Tanada will be well rep- resented. It is hoped that in the Canadian party, on that day will be many of the next-of-kin of those in whose memory and honor it has been created.

EDlTORlAL NOTES

A report says that trout fisher- men use more than 10,000 different patterns of flies. Yes, and more of- ten than not there is not. one in the lot in which the fish have the slight- est interest.

0 O O

Fiirllier evidence that there is much significance in a name is pro- vidcd in a dispatch from Turiff, Scotland. it says that the first prize for a funny story was won by a sol- dier named Witty. Nothing could be more fitting.

Q C Q

Are bad weather conditions and wet roads important causes of high- way accidciits? No. according to of- ficial figures covering several coun- tries. They show that three out of four accirlcnls happen in clear weather on dry well kept roads.

0 D 0

Tim I-luck, who at the time of Stalin's death referred to "tears flowing in the streets". says now that his admiration for the late dic- tator was "a mistake". He thus be- comes the latcst Communist leader to publish the fact that orders still go from Moscow to the dupes abroad.

I O I

Among the many strange cre- atures which have been brought into research into the causes and pos- sible cures of various diseases is the sea cucumber which poisons its en- emies by throwing its own internal organs in their direction. There is some hope that a substance in the discharged viscera might be de- structive to cancer cells. The scien- tist ln charge of this particluar re- search belongs to the school of thought which believes that an anti- biotic for tumours will come from the sea rather than from the soil. And so the fight goes on. Some day, perhaps before long, it will end In

EITHER

TRY To Fix '59. UP AGAIN SOMEHOW,

oiL,i1ePi.AcE ir p"p''.? ? ' wiriiaiviaw one ' -

WAY IT WILL COST US SOMETHING

The Fluoridation Question

By James M. Slallier. M.I).. Head of the Department of Public Health.

D.P.H. Faculty of Medicine

University of British Columbia.

(Conlinuted from yesterday's issucl ' less

As late as 1947 there was no scientifically acceptable evidence of the usefulness of tnoili blush ing as a caries-preventivc meas- ure. Since that lime Fosdick in a study of college students. shimcd that tooth briishiniz. in itself. might be useful in checking the development of dental . practised immediately after eating and drinking. The addition of specific agents to dcnirifice pre- parations has met with equivocal success whether that substance be penicillin, chlorophyll, or the am- monium ion The difficulty of ach- ieving iiumcdiale brushincpafter every intake of food or drink is too obvious to require any elabora- lion.

if A child receives early. ade- quate and continuous dental care he will be spared many of the ravages of dental disease. But. consider for a mninem the dif- ficulties that lie in the way. Think of the tremendous educational pro- gram that would be necessary to convince the average parent. that his child should be under contin- uous dental care from the age of 3 onwards. an (ihjeclivefwe have not even atlained for the school age child. Consider the tremend- ous financial burden that would be placed upon the parent. Even if the parent were willing and able to do this. is the dental profession in a position to give the necessary service? '

DENTISTS AND P(lPl'l.ATI()N

In the City of Vuiii-oiiicr and in the Province of British (Tnliimhia. we are in the most favorable pos- ition in Cuiuidri. In the city the dentist-popiilation rnlio is l Hill), and in the proiincr-., 12205 as contrasted to a national ratio of l2790 (llI.i4i. ll is cvcecriiiuzly difficult to quote a rc.'ili.slic and desirable rlcntisl lltlilllldlilm ratio. In World War Two. the llaniulizin I):-ntal ('urps was cstzililislii-il on a ratio of l-63lI. an ideal that was

never attained The five dcntnl sclinnls ll'l Caii:iil.1 in I954 grad- uated l'f4 slu(lciil.s. in the prev-

ious year. ('aiiiirl.'ils pnpiilaiion in creased by 3:3t).lltKl. If we assum- ed that ii dentist ('lllllfl care for 2.000 people. a inanifcslly .'ili.surd figure. l75 aildiliiiiial iicnlists would be required mu-li your sim- -ply to take care of population rat- if)

The iii-ntnl pi'oIc.s.sioii, up until the pri-si-nl- has been fiillv oc- ciipicri in i l.'lll'lT1Q the riiiagcs of denial (lismise Tlicre is little or nn prospect of this siliiaiiini clianizinl unless we aticnipl a preventive appi-oat-li.

REAl.lS1'l(f ,-il'Pll(l.Hlll

All of these iliin-,zs. ilictziry con- lrol, -oral ll)'f.ZlFlll". and treatment are Iniporlanl ilnfl must not he "9Illei-lcd but. in llicnisclies. are complclcly iniulrqiialc to deal willi the problem of dental disease. The use of flunrid:iIcd rinnmiinnl wat- er siipnlics is the first realistic approach lo the solution of our present dificiillirs.

Black. of the Uniiersily of Flor- ida. has c.1lli'-(I fluorine the "files- scd lmpnril,v." When the oppon- enls of flunridalinn talk about our lack of knowli-ilgc they display complete iiznoraiu-c of the years of research bcliind us I know of no public health l'll'li('NllIl'l'! that has received as long. as cnniplele as tlinrnugli and as convinrinll re. scartih as has the SIll)j('l'l of fliiin-. iilaiion of communal water sup- plics.

ITARLY TESTS

Attention w as first drawn to the Prcscncc of naturally occurring fhioridaliun in water in ('olor.'-irin in 1908 when llackay and his (-0. workers observed mollliniz of the enamcl of the teeth. Flounride was not definitely prnvrn to be lhr vtvnlnmr-ai factor Ilnlil mi when ll.V, Cllllrflllll showed that fluoridation was the cause. Short- ly. Dean and Elvove (Public Health Report. iimi reported that concentrations of fluoride of I p.p. m. or less would not cause mot- ""IK- The same workers showed "M '00"! decay among cniiiii-an dfllllllll water containing 1 p.p.na.

caries if ,

than ainiiiig children who drank water containing no fluor- ide.

it soon became evident that fluiii'i(le was a fairly common con- stituent of natural waters. in the United States. 631 public water supplies. serving 1,486,847 people contain natural fluoride in excess of 1.5 p.p.m. and 1,401 public wat- er supplies serving 4.188.000 con- sumers contain more than 0.7. P-IHTL .TEN YEARS' RESULTS

However. many public water supplies contain little or no fluor- i(ic. It was inevitable that the next obvious step was to add fluoride to those supplies which were deficient in that constituent. in 1945-46 this was begun in Brant- fnrd. Ontario. Grand Rapids. Mich- igan. and Newburgh, New York. in the United States at the pres- enl. more than 1.000 cities are fliiin-idating their piibllc water sup- plies.

Wlial have been the results of artificial fluoridation of communal water supplies based upon the ex- pericnce of ten years? Basically the results have been identical to those already observed in those areas which have had naturally occiirring fluoride in their drink- ing water for many years. For more detailed results we will look at the experience of Brantford. (To be continued)

Most Valuable

tllulifnx Chronicle Herald)

The governments of Nova Scot- iu amt Newfoundland have made wise invcstincnts of public funds in increasing their grants to the mi-ilical and dental schools of l)allinii.sie University.

There are few institutions in (liiiintliziii society today which are inorc deserving of public assistance than those which serve the educ- catiuiial needs of the nation and among these. medical and dental facilities are in the lop echelon.

This country is about to move lino a national health insurance progriiin which ill require much

more extensive medical and den- ;

tal personnel and facilities than now exist. if that program is to be snccessfiil. it will also require a high calibre in doctors and don- lists Noitlier the proper quantity nor the proper quality can be pro-

vided by our training schools with- I

' out sufficient finances.

dlluorldowaaaboiithacuu

For long years. the medical and dcnlal schools of llalhousie Unl- vrrsiiy have been supplying the needs of the Atlantic Provinces its a whole and also helping other Canadian provinces aiul states of the U8. it has been able in do this tliroiicli, in addition In govern- ment airl. private mulowmenls. But the latter source of fu..(l-i has been decreasing because necess- ary government taxation policies make it more difficult for indivi- duals to amass great wealth. This means that our universities must turn to an increasing degree to goverincnts. or they inst increase

student tuition fees which would l keep out of the professions many i

whose families do not have the nienns to finance higher educa-

tion.

it is to be hoped that the other gnvernincnts of the Atlantic Pm- vinccs which have been receiving the benefits of l')alhousic's medl- cal and dental training programs will follow the lead of Nova Sco- tin and Newfoundland.

There is room. too. for greater Federal aid toward university training. particularly for faculties which supply graduates for all

parts of Canada. instead of merely I

the region in which the institutions are located.

RACIAL HATE IN BRONX

NEW YORK fAPl-A brick with a threatening noto wrapped around it was hurled through a window of a Negro home in a an white neighborhood in the Bronx Monday night. Police said the note warned Percy Hill, 44, and his wife can, It to loan the neighbor-

O

OUR YESTERDAY5

From The Guardian Files TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (May 9. l9;l1l

The first level crossing accident of the season occurred Wednes- day evening. when the Bnrdcn ex- press crashed into a car at Al- hany Crossing. throwing the car about thirty yards. seriously in- juring the two passengers. The driver of the car escaped with minor bruises.

Mr. Eric l-'ouiiii, medical slud- ent at Ilalhousie Univers y. spent the week end in town with his aunt. Mrs. A.i. lliacLean and Mr. l'l.lacLean, on his way to his home in New London.

The local potato market is at. a deadlock at the present time with no demand for the commod- ity. Large quantities in storage at points of consumption are respon- sible for the situation. There is a considerable quantity of potatoes in the Province awaiting ship- ment.

TEN YEARS AGO lMny 9. I946)

The continiied stormy weather preventing lobster fisliernien of the North Shore getting out their gear. has also compelled Air Lines In- corporated to again cancel the proposed flight will live lobsters from Charlottetown in New York. The flight will not now be made until further inslriictions are re- ceived frnin the New York office of the air line.

Creamery butler production in Canada in April dropped 6.7 per cent to l!I.60fL000 poinuls from the nearly 2l.(l00.000 pounds in April 1945, the llnmininn Bureau of Sin- tistics reported today. Prince Ed- ward lsland, New Briinswick and Quebec were the only provinces to show incrcascs.

SWEARING-IN TODAY WASHINGTON (AP)-Livingston T. lllcrchant- present assistant secretary of state for European affairs was to be sworn in as U.S. ambassador to Canada lhis after- noon in R ceremony in the state . dcpartmcntls diplomatic reception

room.

l'ERPI'ZTl1AI. Dlb'('(lVEll.F.R What he enters. though he travels over famillnr woods. familiar nie:idow-

lands. often is new ('0lIllfl')'

llndcr clover

he will find a canioiiflagcil. small .

TKIVPT;

he will stay as long as it will linger:

then let. it bun from his unmov- ing finger.

Then longer be will study. know that hands should not disturb the architects.

the iuvifl. industrious nuts about their or- dcred labor. ' i Nor will the hands lake fruit. the growing gifts. Lest he be intruder. mil H neigh- bor. he will listen when the strange

birds call.

and motionless. wait for the rise and fall

of song that lifts him. for his silent joy

iii purer than the loud mirth of a boy.

He will see no furry thing as wild;

he will know that touched by any child.

unless approach is made. a friend will go

swiftly as ii riihblt or ii not.

He will watch the thlpmunk wat- ching him.

yet he will go ahead there. straight and slim.

and know a furrled friend's eu-

1 rioalty

is quite alert as he will over be;

and going home by darkness. foot- fall light.

he will watch for ground home:

, leafed by night.

i -Joseph Joel Smith

h to urban luau than-t

Medically Speaking .

By Herman N. Bundeaen. M. 0.

NEW DRUGS SEEN CAUSING MORE ALLERGIC. REACTIONS with more and more person: using antibiotics and sulfonamides these days. it's natural that we are finding more allergic reactions due to administration of them.

Penicillin. for example. causes allergic reaction! in from one to 10 per cent of the persons using it. Probably.bccause it is so wide- ly used now, it. results in more reactions than almost all other agents combined.

As in the case of many prepa- rations, intramuscular injections of penicillin cause most reactions. When taken by mouth. statistics show it is less likely to produce side effects.

Generally. allergic reactions to penicillin arc inflammation of the skin and itching.

Reactions occur in about 10 per cent of the cases treated with streptomycin and between one and two per cent when the tetra- cycllnes are used. Most common reactions are skin rash and fever. FIVE PER CENT

The sulfonamides bring re- actions in about five per cent of the patients receiving it. Again. fever and skin rashes are mnsl l'0lIIlI'l(ll'I.

These reactions porlionate with the size of the dose of sulfonamidc or aiuibintic used. but usually a large dosage produces a greater side effect than a smaller one.

Now you may take an antibiotic or sulfonamide once. or several times. before an injection pro- duces a reaction. Even if the first dose brings inllznnmalion, fever. itching or any other side effect, it does not mean subsequent doses will do the same, although they very well might.

FIRST DOSE

it's the first dose of a series

which is most likely to give you

HI"? ll0i pl'U'

trouble. For that reason. it's probably best to use an arm for tbe injection rather than the

buttocks where absorption would be much faster.

If there is a reaction. discon- tinuing tlie drug will usually halt it. In the case of an allergic fever. however. it might be three days before the temperature returns to normal.

Most diwliirs feel that one of the best ririigs for relieving severe reactions is epinephrine. Apply- ini: ice or cold compresses to the site of the injection might help. QFESTION I) ANSWER

Mrs. T. 12.. My baby was born without any opening to have bowel movements. An opening had to he made on the side of her abdomen in order for her to live.

Will she ever be normal?

Answer: in many cases of this type. when a child becomes older an opcratiini can be performed to close the opening in the abdomen and a normal rectum can be made surgically.

The Age Old Story

For thuii saith the Lord that created the hcnvens...l.ook unto me. and be ye saved all the end: of the earth: for I am God. and there is none else. I have sworn by myself. the word II gone out of my mouth, in righteousness, and shall not return. That unto me every knee shall how. every tongue shall swear.

PLACE WREATHS

LONDON ifleulersl-Air Com- modore A. ll. Ross of the RCAF and representatives of other Com- monwealth air forces and govern- lV.ll'ills Tiiinilzrv placed wreaths at the Runnymede Memorial near Loiiduii In commemorate the 11th anniversary of VI-2-Day. The mom- orial is dedicated in the 20.455 of- ficcrs and men of the Common wealth air forces who lost their lives in the Second World War.

m

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Page 4. The Guardian

NOT.ES BY THE. wAvf",

Ruuia'I vodka may be on the shelves of Ontario liquor stores before long of interest. perhaps to those who found Russian rou- lette harmless.

-Port Arthur News

This in a fut age. During tho past decade or so about the only mechanical device that has been provided with slower speeds the turntable of a phonograph.

-Kitchener-Waterloo Record.

so many y-ophcclen turn out. in the long run. to be abmrd. A lot of deep thinkers. for example. thought that the closed motor car would be the doom of the

cigar. -Hamilton Spectator

Member: of the Women'I Inuit- ute tUgley branchl. in Essex. Eng- land. are said to be much happier now their organization has a new name. It used to be called the Ugley Women's Institute.-l-lam ilion Spectator

In Hamilton a 6i-year-old man. by his own request was given a penitentiary term because: "I know most. of the boy-.1 up there." The court might have joined ina few bars of "Auld Lang sync" to send him off.

-Toronto Star

Bossy mothers produce the kind of men least likely to stand up in einergencies according to Army psychologists. Where the home is run by the mother the offspring tends to prove a poor soldier. they say. We don't sup. pose there will be any report on the results of having a bosiyy father .'li'lIllild. Most of our re- cent reading has indicated him to be an extinct species.

-Detroit Free Pi-cu,

A type of wheat. onco grown by the ancient Inca: high up in the Andes Mountains in being tried out this spring in Greenland where at present no cereals are cultivated successfully. '1' h e wheat, known as quinoa, in said to have I high nutritive value and can withstand the cold clim- ate of polar regions. Canada should be interested in this ox. perimcut. Hardier types of wheat which require less time m ripen than those sown presently should enable us to extend the western wheat belt farther north.

-Kitchener-Waterloo Record.

It in going to be more expen- ive to go on a spree in Poland. The Warsaw radio has announ- ced that sobering-up centres are to be established there, in Lodz. Pnnan and Fgdansk. Discovery of an intoxicated individual will bring a team of nursel. a doctor and a policeman iio the scene to attend the drunk. After the sub- ject of such attention has been restored to a condition of sobriety he will be faced with a bill for transportation costa and medical attention rocelvod. Together with the publicity involved. that"; al- most enough to make ; confirm- ed topper take the pledge.

st. John Telegraph Journal

Everything some women tell their friends goes right. in one .-;.. land out to the whole nciglibniir. .huod.-St. Thomas Tllnes-Joilriial

A million young Scottish pine trees are being flown from Sm. land to Canada. and the first con- signment of 200.000 has already arrived. The young trees. six inch. es high. had their roots xvi-ap,,..,i in polythene bags before being packed in cardboard COI1iHllim's Most of them come from i-lo;-rm Canadian buyers have a soft siioi for Scottish pine trees. dollllllcss due to the strong kinship link; i,,., tween Scotland and Canada. Sun importing trees into this cnuiiirv seems very much like Ciiltrvllllg coals to N e w c a s t l e.-Ailing. ton Transcript

The Cinadian Medical Aslumilu. tion Journal asserts that kiss-iii; is dangerous and may be i-g.;,,,,,,. aible for a marked increase in mononucle ' which may pi-nm...,, sore throats. swollen lymph giaud. in the neck. and involve mi,” parts of the body. The disease is most commonly found in ym.,,z adults. it may be so. but the pm is that young adults have been us".

culating for aeons and not uiinl now has mononucleosis sniiiu-n the young in this manner. l-In."

if Ilie solons of medicine are my. rcci what do they intend to do

about it?-London Free Press

VIGT0lllA DAY Hllllllll

LOW WEEK-END FARE!

m-TV: Good going from Noon, Friday,

I until 2 p.m. Sunday. Return

, journey to commence not intu- lhan Midnight, Monday.

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"ll