.-

ltrizTL is. i940

THE DI-IARLOTTETOWN

GUARDIAN ___

- NEWSY NOTES -

B! AGIICOLA

ANOTnEzf. USE OF SOYBEANS I

1t is one thing to be able to grow a liew field crop. and quite anoth-

er to be able to utilize it to the here is a pala-

bJSl/ advantage.

gupli from the Farmer's Advocate,

klllliz liow one iliimcr made the

most of no soybeans:-

"lvioieover, tne iurniers in Eas-

tern Canada can do something to

safeguard themselves against ris-

ulg costs for cllll feeds and pro- LWO

llll-itcn sutplhniciits. l-or

y.1ll'5 now Earl Papple. in Brant

Ldllilty. nus been cutting tiis soy-

bulls on the green side, curing tne

hay or tripods and putting tne en- tire crop through a hammer mill. unis soybean meal is mixed halt and halt’ witn cnop alid no protein-

lzcli feeds are purchased tol- tile

daily herd. First-calf Jersey heli- ElS mii.k up to 40 pounds per day on tnis PHD-OIL and there is no ud- dcr trouble lri the herd. Other Jer- 59y breeders have taken up the scale practice and it is spreading wan satisfactory resuhs. The llllt':bllll.les of soybeans have nev- r been exploited in Eastern Can- i‘..ll.\, lieithcr have tlie varieties best suited to the various districts been carefully determined."

‘llie last clause needs modifica- tion. The Mandarin soybean seems

>1 suited to P. E. Island, and will ' vii its seeds hero. so that the inst cost is the only one. We hope to extend cur planting this

lqllt in the 1939 crop. o. "Nlllntltlilli" is ligllt yellow in rolcl". but one plant produced seeds b: almost coilee- color. Was this a tiiroiy-back to some remote an- CL-stfll‘, or was versatile Mother Na- ture tryin out somethin new? HJWCVQI’ ie purity oi to race I'll-ISL be ntalinaincd and these Wlll not be planted.

The seed

WHAT OF THE NIOBE WILLOWS

Last Spring a number of read- ers asked for cuttings of the Golden Niobe Weeping Willow, and these ivric duly supplied. together with c‘ ttiugs of the glossy "Bay-lcaved \‘.i.llow t"Slilix peiitandrat. If ai- rCCilCliS were carefully followed,

these should have all "struck". as‘ ivillcws are amongst the easiest oi.

trzcs to propagate. To get shiipc- ly trees, however, the grower must. lol- the next two or three years. ply some attention to their train- lm.

s. Some mrists go further and prune off . lioots from the beginning. this t5 not good policy since the luiln sicm will not thicken. and the uric will assume a. "whip-shank" appearance. It is better to rc- nzove the lowest. side-shoot each spring, leaving the rest to feerl the niiin stem. This should go on ymr after year till the bole ls clzar. up to 4 or _5 feet from the prIuiid, as convenience dictaws. If the tree is to be moved from its nursery bed to solne location de- culed upon. this should be clone about the third or fourth Spring, and the side shorts shortened l; little. Keep the tree well watered that slimmer, till it ‘is ic-estzibllsh- cd. Willows grow very quldtly, so that one soon gets something to iook att My two willows. at the road entrance, noiv throw a. golden mist. over the snowy background. l see that I shall have to do some pyufilng this spring and readers are welcomr to the cuttings if they szricl two stamps foi’ pcstalze- The trees form a lzindinaik too: ‘Go d awn the road till Wu Come t0 W") Weeping Willows". is the direction glen to strangers asking for Agricola!

A QUEER. HOBBY

The British Government is mob- illzliig its 75,000 experts for P06- tiole use in wot‘ work. Their names ind qualifications are dockcted nwtly in B. remarkable tiircclory t.ii.ttl the Genital Register, and tllc Minister of Labour has created a special department to hiiidle the list. It covers everything from llLCB to microbes, and from arm)’ trots u; polar bears. and by its aid the authorities can “Dili- a. 118m‘ lilug finger on the wanted man." It SiThIS that in the course oz‘ the World Vlar fleas became particular- l_v troublesome. and scented to be responsible for the persist-Billie 0! certain illnesses in the trenches. A.l appeal went out to locate a roll expert, but some time elapsed bill. r one wlis tracked down. when loiind lie tilrneu out to be a P991‘ ol L119 i‘pfllm—g Lord-who had studied the tidbits cf fleas. and Wilo kept some healthy pecimens I01’ a hobbyl His strantlfl DMl-lme vtvs of use in piltting an end to the inciincc. 'l‘lic British Government is losing no time in getting together it.» experts for this war.

THE TYNESIDE DIALECT

"The ancient lnngwidge 0' the W116

, has sayins awfu‘ queer!

flisy say aad Nick terns pale as deeth when real Tynesldcrs lweeri

COFFEE FOR 1e Pill POUND

‘it’? 1'2‘? F635‘

ll t. lad llM

‘ :giduce.orlml:t gm" t substitute over tlllcovoh ed. ‘rm lam rwil-

il ll pocket- wir hull Man h. ‘m.

' . e- flted. Full directlonn supplied (‘or running , u: "cart... om i I ~ loo uu Mt wot-ll [QII-QO“ IIO IMO mo AND

NIIIZY IGOR-Idler "MI W"

wminonmo%csononovm, .

M’ Aliam spoke in Tyenside tee

when he cried te Mistress Eve’

' "A hm"? m”! rave mved cirt nooi balm. we'll hev to leavel"

The above is taken from c, coiiec- '

i"??? 01 10¢“! songs. Published just it y years 88¢ At that time the Tyneside dialect was spoken by the great mass of the people. and m. gfntad I lansiieze as fully dlstlm- "e (Wm!!! Pefhflm not as ele- Bent) as the Scottish does now. n5 dmlne l! due. among other filings. to the mt that it never gtmgiuced "- P°et of the cilibre of o ert Burns. There were plenty 01' Doetastem -- scores o! them - blit they dissipated their energies m "m" °°m1<= M11188. humorous "WI-Eh. but more adapted to the tavern than the drawing-room.

ITIIB “better class" naturally ban- lned such efforts and m; ban mm

I gar".

extended to the dialect iii which they were written: it became "vui.

Really it was only archaic, =and doubtless woul have been ‘easily comprehend by Bishop

Coverdale or Shakspere. Then legal-i, irhen the Govemmen: 5mm]!- bmllilht in a standariztti

7°?!“ "i Entll-sh speech. the doom

of the "ancient mgwldgc"

WES

I sealed.

l On the outbreak of the present [will Sir Philip Gibbs was sent; to -France as a staff correspondent, l_ just as he had been twenty-five

- i the fryi n. .33 i: this way‘? $51 keep for a

‘UQI’ and may try the iililn out- men‘ “3°- 0M of the first things

B notified was that the dialects of the Counties had all but disappear- ed- The next was that even the young plowmen draft-ed into the army. looked and talked like towns- men. i was reminded of his ob- servatiorts, when listening to the 3.13.0. broadcast 0n New Year's day lB-Bt- Said the announcer: "We now take you to Northumberllind, t0 l Villa-BB near the Roman Wall." I knew the place well. and expect- ed some North Country talk. But no! The voice came across with a kind of Codmey accent! so passes one of the picturesque features of ihfl English rustic communities.

ODDS AND END!

Preserving Pork: Every spring our farmers salt down quantities oi pork for use in the summer and autumn. In general the poi-k is out up. placed in c. barrel and covered with brine. It absorbs much of the salt, too much for my fancy. $0 when a neighbor told me of his method of dealing with this perishable commodity, I de- cided to put it on record for the blliriefitt‘ o? OEQIGTS. sat: he; "we see e res porkan fryit list as if we intended to eat it lrli- mediately. Instead. we pack it closely in n crock and pour the fat over it. When the crock is full. a little. a very n“... salt. is sprink- led over the fat which acts as a "seal" to keep the air from the ponk. When we want to use the pork, we dig it from the crock and warm it Pork treat-

year."

Disease: of Swede ‘turnips; _ i have just received Circular No. 24 of the "War-time Production Series" treating of the diseases af- fecting turnips. It ls m ably- wl-itten tractate from the pen of Prof, R. R. Hurst. of the Lab- oratory of Plant Pathology, Char- lottetown, and, I time, may be procured from tha institution. The diseases treated of are Clifbroot. Dry Rot, and Brown Heart. and control of each is indicated with- out the use of the technical terms so necessary to the scientistwbut admittedly disconcerting to the lay-

man! . The Rook Glflhn hi! Win- tered well. One of the

thin-gs is the well-being of the “fvy-leaved Toadflsx" (Cym- balrlria) which is a plant of Soittll- ern Europv-Italy-and is found on the Roman cars? in Britain.

den Mos (Sedum acre) is spreading by

means of pieces broken off by the crust of ice which entirely o0ver- ed the rocks. I have received seeds of the Sand Pink (Dlanthull aren- grius) a native of Finland. suitable foi- the rock garden; and hxe to supply sonic a least of my itors with seedlings.

The big black carpenter ant is said to be attacking cedar tele- pliflwts in central Canada, and holl ng them out so that their lasting ualitieli are reduced from the usua 30 years to six oi- seven. This insect is known to attack llv- - ing spiuce trees here. tunneling| and weakening them till some gait breaks. them off. No report oi their damaging cedar posts has come in hero as yet. __

op r _ ending: — The settlers in PEI. ' a snare’ for the Nature student's feet, when they lenamed the produc- tions oi the Province. The vege- table Kingdom was worst hit, but the birds suffered. too. Both the Bittern and the Coot were KBOWT‘ as the "Marsh Hen"; and each had several other names. when a farmer told you he'd ‘Just Shot 8

"Chicken Hawk". it mght be one of two species. The females of the different native sparrows

lwhich dress more soberlv than

BETTER SEEDS.

leading Merchants

mind. Our Musk Mallow (Malva. mosehata), commonly mlscalled "Musk" — which is something

quite different — is a very showy weed of the fields and roadsldes. The conspicuous clusters o1’ large While fragrant flowers are upheld by pubescent stems from which spring dissected leaves resembling those of the "Scented Gereliliims" in our sunny windows. sometimes the flowers run ‘to pink Instead or white; and once (in g, garden on the Winfilvc Road) I noticed a Musk Mallow with flowers of al- most crimson hue. I should have SBCUTBII seed of that very strik- ing variety, but the {arm changed lhaildS and the opportunity was os .

In 1934 a specimen of the Round- leaved Mallow (M. rotuiidifoila) was forwarded to me by Prof. R. R. Hurst of Charlottetown. It. had been taken from a field in the Province. The stems are pro- cumbent and straggling; the leaves roundlsh and to some extent re- sembling Pelargonluln leaves; while the flowers are not anywhere near- ly as pretty as those oi tlic Musk Mallow.

The Malvaceae abound in mucil- age and are consequently demul- cent. The Marsh Mallow (Althea ufllclnalls) a, British species, has long been used in this mariner, but any of the Mallows may ‘be used with equal advantage.

A POCKET SUNDIALT

A short paragraph in The Guar- dian told that an “Anglo-Saxon ocket sundlal" had been found uried under two ioct of soil, in a garden at Canterbury, England. I doubt this interpretation. To be- girl with those old nations. in gen- eral. were quite easy on the mat- ter of time; they did not "sweat their sixty minutes w the death" as we do, or are supposed to do; and l8 in the case of our pioneers the “noon-mark" was silfficient for their needs. It was thought worthy of mention when the Saxon King Alfred marked equidistant rings round“ his candles to show the flight oi time; betwieen each ring presumably was one hour's burning. Alfred was a scholar and translated parts of the Bible into his native tongue; and I sug-

st he used the candle-clock to ell him when to kncck off and call it a day. I do not suppose the rest of his Silhjflild troubled to nick their candles.

There is however one dial known

date; the Norman Conquest. It is a suridial high on the south wall of Escomb old church. about six or seven miles south of the city of Durham. England had bccomo firmly Christian when Fscomb church was built; possibly in tho earlier part of the eleventh cen- tury. and time had come to have some significance to the worship- pers in that odd barn-like struc- ture. So the gocd fathers who held service there, inserted the primi- tive sundial which I shall en- deavor to describe. Their is of course a. gnomorl or style which casts its shadow along a horizon- tal line. marking six o'clock in the morning. 0r the evening. Just as the position of tho still determin- ed. From the centre bf this line. fell another at right angles to it: when the shadow of the gncmon

noon. The angle formed by the Junction of the twp lines was bis- octed on each side, thus dividing the dial into iiur Pqllill spaces: the shadow would touch the one line at 9 li.ni., and the other at 3 p.m. That was enough for the rude forefathers of the hamlet in Saxon days. The general shape of

be a representation of a, serpent. At some period in the Middle Ages a square dial with the ccmplefn hour-lines and exact figuring, was inserted over the porch doorway, but it does not appeal to the im- afzinatlon as does the Saxon dial Escomb old church was abandoned about 1860 when a new church was built half a mile away.

I am inclined to think that the "sundial" found at Canterbury. was really an astrclabe. an old- fashloiied iiistl".iniciit for taking the altitude of the sun or stars 9,5 a guide iii navigation. There are seveial in the British Museum the earliest belonging to the foul--

the malesi were all called Grey- birds. irrespective of species. When I asked the name of that plump ' little slate-blue fellow. who haunt- ed the barnyard In early spring. I lwis told he was a "Blueblrdfl lle ‘was. I _f und out. afterwilrds, o

"Slate-co cred Jul-loo". but his missus was one of the Grcybirds aforementioned. There is really ¢ "Bluebird" No. 766 on the list oi

the American Ornlthologifll Un- . ion. but during my thirty years re 'l'd2h¢B here have never comr ‘across ii specimen. Four or iivi

years ago. during the hottest art iof the summer. a true Blue ire ,wg,s rumored to be in the Powna; district. but this was never cor.- flrmed. ...-.

i i NOTES ON ISLAND PLANTS The Maluceee

This is the Hl-‘IOW Family. muiiv of whose mmbers are among the r-Mt Invo- o! our warden flowers

fr» I-foiivhccks. Actress. Abuticns Malvastmms, and others conic to

teenth century. Such an astrolabe mi lit easily be taken for a sun- dia. and as it was usually orna- mented with wliat lintiqunries call a "lacertlno" design. the discover- er may be pardoned in supposing it to be of Anglo-Saxon origin.

Dritlc out QCHES

to the present writer WlllCll ante-.

crept to this line it was twelve‘

the stone was round. iiiid arched‘ over the top wit: what appears to ‘

| By GORDON

I Canadian Garden Service 1940 LINDSAY SMITH

Flowers that Flt

There are flowers to fit almost any garden situation. Some like damp soil. some dry, some full hot sun. other; snady corners. Certain types do best in deep rich soil while some actuaLIy ask tne poorer sorts. Special likes and dislikes will be found mentioned in the better Can-

gilrden is advlsaoleto make s ial selections. Indeed there are fowers to suit even the mojlt indifferent of glare- eners, som t e - selves regagdlesas olfetfiiegleisilt?w m

Certlsizfis annuals like claiakia, s- sum ar u: pansy an will Hctuall) 'give better more delica coloring, if planted in partial shade.

For full sun especially if close to a. south wall where here is little protggtlltxm frlgm summar iéeat.

ere re g 1' oreops , i- forniaaand othgr lpgpctiies. rtulgba oi- climbing mor o ea and nasturtiums which love the sun and give remarkable results even in a lsiege of dry weather.

If a supply of out flowers is want- |e{i [Ofulalli talbllel.‘ bloomshwith long .s ems a ee we n ater, | ttlgen lhoiégcivllturai gutthoritieswurge = e p an g o; swee as snap- Vlffllflbn-i, coismiig zinnliag, ' luizine. .arcan mar s, s. ous. lasers, isingle and d0glIl7l8, vglbena and sai- - pig osls. l For scent. especially in the even- ing atéew nicotine. caliinations, ma‘;- none _ or stocks w er time e whole garden p

Solid beds of annuals or b blocks in borders have exceptional ap call and tlilfise caai befmadesuplgé pe un as. p ox, war mai- go iiusttirtlums, verbenias or zinniaa.

. Catalogues Give Help

The much maligned seed cata- logue is really the amateurs most indis usable of reference books. actual photogra native ‘flowers and vege ables it furnishes actual planting directions.

These books tell whether certain varieties are suitable to Canada. and also give important points such as time of planting, resistance or lack oi resistance to frost height, color. season of biooming whether scented,

ox » » raw“. l en 1-8 801118 to be a fai.ure.

Bnted '

18 led sugar

and also the suitability of the flow- er for cutting urposes. All of these po nts should taken into consid- eration in planning a real garden, authorities state, as only with such knowledge can a. comprehensive and practical scheme be worked out.

Good Seed

It is im ble to over-emphasize the impoi- nee of good seed. Other factors may be beyond control but the gardener has absolute check over thrs foundation. Weather, soil and location may be ideal but witn- out good seed. specially selected to

Swine Grading In P. E. I.

By H. W. CLAY,

Swine Grading Inspector

A review of the flgilres relative to Swine Grading in Prince Ed- ward Island furnishes considerable reason for encouragement. Since 1937 when Rail Grading went uiw effect we find e steady increase in the percentage of Selects or Grade "A" hogs. This improve- ment is clue largely to the increas- ing care exercised by Island swine growers in selecting their breeding stock and in metnods oi feeding gnu management.

gsuit Canadian condltions. the gard-

| New Vegetables I When a new rose or orchid is born the average person is sure to read about it somewhere. Unfortunately, for himself he does not hear about.‘ the similar additions to the veget- able kin dom. Yet steady improve- mentan change is oin on. Scien- tists have canted ou th work m two directions: first by the intra- ductions of vegetables unfamiliar to most Canadians. and secondly anti probably more important by improvement in those varieties have been grown in this country for

ears. Oi’ the vegetables new to Canadians there are several worth a

the leaf sorts have shrivellcd up. Then there are Bruses sprouts. broad beans, brocolil, large wrink- eas, Chinese cabbage, chives end ve. e g plant. leek and Swiss chard. Ful descriptions will be found in any Canadian seed cat- alogue. .

In regular vegetables there has been improvement all down the line with the object of dgettlng more flav- or. succulence an a longer season. Corn is a. typical example. At one time it was onl possible to get one variety of Gol en Bantam. Coos were short and the season also. New there are offered three or four (illi- erent Bantam types, some extra. early, some regular season, some late. Cobs have been lengthened, Kernels made bigger. One can en- joy the finest table corn for over a month instead of buta week or two as in the old days.

of Farm Machinery

(Experimental Farms News) Statistics compiled from several extensive surveys indicate that farm machinery which is well car- ed for and properly housed may be Jxbected to give satisfactory ser- I vice for approximately twim as long as similar machinery which lls abused and exposed w weather- ing elements. Experiments con- ducted at the Dominion Experi- mental station. Kepuskasirlg. istates J. K. Knights, show con- clusively that the yield of some spring sown grains decreases an flYBPflge of more than a bushel per lday for each day's delay beyond ‘the earliest possi le seedl date. It is also known that angefirlite ‘decrease in yield and in nutritive value occurs when hay or grain is left standing after it has reached the right stage for harvesting. Considering these facts, it behooves every farmer to care for his ma- chine and has it ready for use w en need Generous application-l of the proper grade of oil or grease pre- serve moving parts and effect sub- stantial savings in motive power. when left standing outside for any length of tilde, or when being