' . iypNE 1s. 1931

Getfin g The Profit

C. E. MACKENZIE when visiting in one of our man- wcwfing towns a few years ago I "d the pleasure of meeting the We, or quite a. large manufactur- M plant and while conversing with um a gentleman walks past, and the umulacturer remarked that he paid m, man twenty dollars a day for wkm; his plant over and finding m; if there were any leaks and mowing how to stop them and how We,» and more efficient work could ie d”?- '

Iwas indeed surprised as twenty dun,“ per day looked big pay to me, md naturally l asked why he did w, The answer was "it pays, we're m (or profits and’ not for glory."

11love often wondered since why w, country people didn't spend are money for the real thing in liable knowledge actually applied to

Dm- farm conditions. We have the knowledge and we have the farms, but for some reason we don't 'get p"; knriivlcdge applied to the field mil the stock and the market.

The blusiness man to whom I re- {qi-i-ed is a veteran in his line. Every my he has a- balance on the right side of his ledger, but he sees clearly tliat the expert he has employed is one oi the chief reasons for his bus- iness silcccss.

1n other words, would it not. pay some of our farmers to employ an expefl to go over their holdings and

help thcm to better things? I am

sure that it would. Thirty years ago the efficiency expere in business would have been laughed at. Then in a. row years no doubt we all heard QXPPPSFlUIIS like ‘this expressed. "Its gxpfiflfilltl!" that counts." Practical men today will say this,

"It's experience understood and ap-

plied that counts."

Tiler;- lias been aiid is no end of talk for the farmer's alleged bene- fit. Advice deluges the agricultur- ist, as with an inky cataract, but the fanner ivants not only a demonstra- tion of what others are dong, but he needs someone, in whom he has con- fidence, to go over his farm with him and from whom he may learn-

Better Sllll. each farmer should be

his 0\\'lI i-xpcrt in matters of this

kind. I am of the opinion that it would pay any farmer to spend one half _ day a week walking over his farm with his hands iirhis pockets, act-

‘ing as his own expert.

_-_ Not till one commences to enquire .will it dawn upon him how few farmers really know their sources of gain or loss. For instance relative- "lyflcllfllllljllfllgll their cattle to be iaitciicd. or keep account of the food supplied till they walk off the farm.

still fewer know the gain or loss made from individuals in the herd. The Same is true of bags. poultry, and 0ll'lf‘l' farm stock. Let any read- er apply this to his own case and let 9 him make casual enquiries of his fellow farmers for a month or so, and he will have considerable mit- crackliig on hand, ' is a fine combination of science and art. and business and common sense. b The man who will continue to make a a success of it must have expert knowlcdgc in abundance and apply it. and never lie back in the collar

This is the way of business science and out. and farming is no exception to it. 'l'lici'c will soon be a. short brou- ‘ lllllll.’ spell between seeding and "Pflllllg- Can it bc spent better than looking things over, and so ad- lb lllFllhg them that every effort may d Drove cffcctivc. No farmer can af- / c ford to face his work without plans

CELERY ~plans that are thought out and Mndered over. Try it out! 00mm)’ w Icnml opinion. _____ _ _ celry is not a difficult plant >+++0++o+w to grow and a. large quantity

rvv ' xeoovo-oooooo-o-owo-o-

The Best Swedes

for home use and export.

“MILLPOND” Purple Top. IIASZAIIDS IM P R0 V E D.

P

ronle Top, Botlh of these Turnip: are 0

__ gigarrln the AMERICAN

Feed for Sale ll. our SEED STORE and by the leading Merchants in P. E. Island.

Garter 8. Go. Ltll.

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sides. After a. trial or two, ‘the manufacture of these supports .will very simple. Size of the circle and length of supporting pieces will, of course, depend on the size of plant in view. These placed while smwth is still short so that the plant will develop in and around the wire, thus hiding some and Climbing roses should be attached to a. light wooden trellis and pre- fefflbly k911i a foot or more away from stone or brick walls 5o that foliage and blomn will not be injured by reflected heat. An old tennis net, brush or strings make best support for sweet peas. As a rule, poultry netting should be avoided on account of the danger of cutting foliage and. stems during a wind.

10b 0f laying out grounds alone. Where the residence is rented and the tenant does not care ‘to go to the

is about the only course left open, flnd ll mly also be adopted for add- ing a. touch of beauty to the summe Farming today cottage or any other place of tem- porary abode. For

stuff like four o'clock, marigolds, Mexican sunflowers or castor oil plants. For creepers we llll hc makes his plan work out. have gcm-leg mum;- gems, sweet and peas, climbing nuturtium, hops and many others. We can use any of the medium type annuals such as asters, zinnias, petunias, gladiolus roi- little screens, clumps one color, while along the edgg o!

can be produced in a very small space thus putting this vegetable in the city garden class. The first rows for early use should be put out any time now, about the first week inJuly. Plants are produced from seed sown in the hotbed, or they may be purchased from almost any corner store at this time. The ideal soil is a. very rich well-drained muck, though practic- ally any combination will do, so long as we fertilize well, have good drain- age and apply lots of water. Give the plants from six to eight inches each way, close together as we like after mak- ing Keep the ground thoroughly worked up Ill u... time. Light lppllcltidfil of nitrate of soda just after the

or three weeks will help growth along wonderfully. way to bleach celery in ‘the fill is to place boards close up ‘against the plants on both aides of the row. and bank with earth. In the hll plants may be lifted without bleaching and stored, tightly placed together In bushel baskets u. some don: place, and they will be white and tender in

L, Gardening

SUPPORTS

.____

Too often the average. flower Burden is disfigured by odd amped Emmi. hoof)! and wires "used u; Support taller flowers and ghrum, Much trouble can be avoided by giv. ing things plenty of room 50mm, main stems are stocky ‘and side growth developes, plants such as delphinium, phlox, cosmos and dahllas require some

Support even when grown under the

bestconditions, otherwise they will fall over or become entangled when hit by high winds 0I' heavy rain. n all stakes used are stained a neutral Bleen or brown, they will blend with

the backawund. and will be pflctlm.

ally hidden in a few weeks after Placing. As a. matter of fact. we should try to make our flowers con- spicuous and not. our carpentry.

For bushy plants like the peony or

delphlnium, the writer has-found a simple galvanized support sufficient. Use heavy, good quality wire. Cut in pieces of from two to four feet in length, depending on the height required. Put a. small

loop about an inch in “ameter at,

one end, depending on the height re- quired. Put o. small loop about a in-ch in diameter at one. end, then

bend in a half circle with a foot or so left over which should be ‘ d

Sfrfllkllli dOWII. ‘This will give you a half circle with same with another piece o: wire ‘"115’ maklns the circle in the opposite direction and then fasten both

Pieces loosely together by , g supporting parts through the loops, thus making a. complete circle with

two supporting pieces at opposite

supports - should be

getting maximum support.

GARDEN ANNUALS One can make a very complgfig

Xflense of permanent planting, this

hedges and for reaking corner and basement lines round the houses, use big bushy cosmos, tall

and solid beds of orders or walks alyssum, Iobelia and

warft nasiurtiumc should be put ut.

with the main planting

and rows may be u

allowances for cultivation.

lants are act out and again in two

The simplest

but. certaln- till

wire circular

“IPPOII- D0 the

ON P. E. ISLAND

From timdto‘ time we heu- praises of the homes of the country people in Prince bowel-a Island, meaning generally the farm houses, and it must be admitted by alltliat tiiése do emails.‘ viewed “from the road," a fairly rupoctable appearance.

But let us take a glance Into these houses, and fin-it by the kitchen. It is usually kept clean and tidy and the cooking done therein is "second ‘to none." But it. is nearlyalways too small for its actual purpose for it is really the living room of the farmer and his family. True there is nearly walways a so-called dining-room but thlsis in many cases used only when company comes. Then there is the

parlor used only when company comm from Boston or when a mem- ber of the family ls lying in his or her coffin. These rooms arekept spotlcssly clean and what ‘is worse the parlor Is all dolled up to such a pitch that no microbe nor any other living creature would care to dwell long therein, especially that species knowrfas mere man or boy.

I have had considerable opportun- ity of viewing the parlors, stairways and bedrooms of these houses and know quite well what they are like: Bright delicate paper or tints on wallsbrlght soft carpet or glossy vamish on floors here and. there transcendent colors-one would think that ethereal creatures quite unused to the honest dust of the earth dwelt here. But l0.’ 0n reflection one‘ re- members that sons of the soil. nat- ure's own gentlemen. live herein. that is in the kitchen for when they become weary of being in the wom- en's way they betake themselves to the woodshed or horsestable to while away a. few pleasant minutes whit. tling or chewing, provided the time be a rainy day in summer.

Let us now visit one of these homes in winter. In the day time you will find it comfortable enough close by the fire if you can manage to keep out of the rway of the women of whom it may justly be said none are kinder or "more hospitable_ But at bedtime count yourself lucky if you do not have to go away from warmth and brightnws, through cold winding halls and by richly-carpeted stair- ways to outer darkness in the north- east. comer of the earth as it were, there to dream of snowy blasts and polar expeditions-shades of Scott and Franklin! Here you find that hallways and partitions are your enemies that come between you and warmth and comfort.

In fact the average house on P. E Island may be’ described as a. large enclosure subdivided into cramped compartments so skillfully that it would seem as though the genius o! awkwardness and discomfort design- ed them.

What is the remedy’! Simple enough: Take an axe and smash down these “middle walls of parti- tion" In the lower part cf your house. Divide it into two or three real liv- ing-rooms. Let them have roominess, convenience and freedom, and beauty too, but let It be that beauty which beautifully does. Let these rooms provide for the beautiful views which one may se¢ everywhere on P. E. Island if they were not so skillfully shut off by designers of houses.

If more ornamentation is desired let the funnier; pay more attention to their gardens and ‘edges, though here again they need nm shut off the view of their houses by trees awkwardly placed in front of the house. In short let the country people go in for cultivating a beauty that is at once approachable and useful instead of prohibitive and useless as ls now so often seen ln the interior of so many of the hospitable homes. Then and only then will the homes and the landscape of Prince Edward Island become what they ought to be, the most beautiful in Canada or even in North America.

Yours sincerely

IIUSTICIJS

‘IIIIIELY- ROSE WORK

Roses require fairly deep cultiv- ntlon and heavy fertilizing up until the first of July in order to push growth and produce flowers. After this, however, It is advisable to slow downoothat the plants may ge hard- ened before the cold weather acts in. To old in this process, which takes two or three months, it is a good plan to plant a. few low-growing plants, such‘ no pandas. cllendulns, violu, or dwarf nuturtluma, around ,the roles, which will brighten up the .bed and benefit the bushes by ab- sorbing moiature. At this time a good quick-acting fertilizer is advic- ed. After July, a slower fertilizer, such as liquid manure, or bone meal should be used.

ITake advantage of mild days when the ground is In suitable shape, that iii. not. too wot, and dig up annual lfld perennial‘ borders no that they

. THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUAIIDIAN

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. NEWSYNOTES

g _ n AGI-IOOLA

scan on rcmvroas

The Dominion Department of A8‘ riculture bu: issued a series of "ltu- dle-s in Potato Diseases," entitled and numbered us follows: (I) Late Blight and Riot of potatoes; (2) The Black Leg Disease of Potatoes; (3) Canad- ian Cetlfied Seed‘ Potatoes; and (4) Powdery and Common Scab of Po- tatoes. The last, which is just from the press. ls Pamphlet No. 134, New Series, and is a production of our esteemed fellow-citizen Prof. B. B. Hurst, B. S. A.,_in collaboration with Prof. D. J. MacLeod. M. .4... of Fred- ericton, N. B.

There are still, I note, people who refuse m believe lnplant pathology, object to the‘ 1min names of the parasitic diseases, and even to the attempts to control the maladies. The scientific names and descriptions of the diseases are absolutely neces- sary for the collaboration of work- ers in widely separated lands; and very little thought will enable us to see that-it is the controls worked out by these specialists that prevent "epidemics" among the potatoes like those in the years 1840-5.

In the present instance-that of Scab-seed treatment in its several forms is considered. If the scab or- gnnism is not already preunt in the gmulia, treatment of the tubers will give a clean crop. A amnion treat. ment is by means of corrosive sub- llmate, or as the chemist calls them mercuric chloride “tablel.s"—whlch by the way, are very poisonous. On account of th¢ deterioration of the solution while in use, It is to be forti- fied or strengthened by the further addition of the subllmate for each batch of potatoes, and the means and proportion are succinctly pointed out in the little brochure. For those who prefer the formalin treatment (which is non-poisonous) a. note of warning is sounded: an impurity, which 1s known as paraforrnaldehyde, some- tlmu occurs in the formalin, and is capable of producing much injury to the tuber immersed in it. The bul- letin shows how this injurious im- purity may be ’etected. some readers may not have heard. oi’ the hot. for- malin treatment, but. we are fold that it is gaining popularity on ac- count of its inexpenslveness, sim- plicity of operation and rapidity with which effective treatment can be ac- complished. Tile last pages of the booklet are devoted to a. ‘dera- tion of the organic mercurial treat. merits, which are not so poisonous as those with the mercuric chloride.

All the treatments are given with a fulness of detail that will save the potato-grower from mistakes and enable him to disinfect his seed-stock most effectively. It only remains to add that the bulletin is well illustrat- ed. and should be in the hands of every farmer.

STORAGE OF EGGS

It is of course no news to my read- ers that Biddy, the hen, is falling from her place of pride-with eggs nearing the prices of grandfather's days. The news is, however, that the Saskatchewan farmers are out to get whatever there is in the "hen fruit," and are storing them by the

time when prices rise. This is a course that the Dominion Live Stock Branch, by circular, is urging on all housewives also, as a. means of tak- ing advantage of the present low prices and high quality of this pro- duct.

Dr. Frank T. shutt, Dominion Chemist, recommends the use of lime-water as a preservative, since he finds that it keeps the quality of the egg better than any other agent docs. Lime-water is made by putting freshly slalfed burnt lime into water at the rate of one pound of lime to five gallons of water. "This will make a “ "‘ saturated lune-water so- lution sufficient to fill a. receptacle capable of holding between 20 and 30 dozen eggs.” The receptacle may be a. large crock or a small water- tight barrel, and the eggs are to be

FERTILIZERS

That Fertilizer required Io finish your planting can be obtained by team or by truck at our factory In Charlotte- town or we will lend II to you by rall or by boll u you re- quire. We an ready to nerve

Tho Island Fertilizer 00., Limited

carefully placed in it, and then cov. ered with the lime-water. ‘rho eggs must not be removed from the solu- tion or exposed to the air. till they are wanted for use.

Wherever possible use "Extras" for storage. These should not weigh less than 24 ounces to the doz. and when "candied" or held up against a. strong light, should show an air-cell of not over one-quarter of an inch. What is worth doing is worth doing well.

A farmer near Salisbury (Eng) writes me that he sells his eggs at tenpence a dozen, and they are re- tailed at one shilling per dozen. Young pigs he says are worth 30 shillings each.

CUTWOItMS AGAIN

It is possibly going to be a. bad year for cutworms: at any rate they have made an early start, and seem to be plentiful in the garden. The hot dry’ summer of last year and the ab- sence of frost in the ground during the winter must have been most favorable to their multiplication and preservation. Poison bait as recom- mended in the bulletins is the best method of controlling these pests, where it can be safely applied; and a little thicker sowing of garden seeds etc. will go far to neutralize the losses. Individual plants, such as t0- mames, dahlias and the like, can be readily protected by means of the tin protectors recently mentioned in these "Notes." \.

TRIIVIIHING THE SPRUCE HEDGE

Today (May 27th) I trimmed my little spruce hedge. It was in an ideal condition for the job: the buds had burst and had thrown out little sprays of green nearly an inch long, _and usually in pairs. The branch may be snipped off anywhere, but

thousand, on the farms, against the .

not behind the last pair of buds.

THE WILSONS SNIPE

On n. still evening in May (and sometimes in the early morning) one may hear a. long-drawn “Who-hoo- homhoo-hoo-hool" which appears to have its origin at a. great distance above the earth. This is the sound made by the Wllsons’ Snipe (Gallbl- ago delicate), which is said to pro- duce it by "drumming" with its wings. The notes have a rising in- flection, and may be imitated musi- cally by rapidly running, say, from G t0 E above. employing all the semitones, and whistling the syllable "Who" In each.

It is not often that one sees the bird itself as the sound carries a long way at that altitude, and the snipe may be at a considerable dis- tance irom its auditor. I once had the opportunity, as a note in my ‘Bird Guide" records, of examining a specimen which had been taken in a musk-rat trap on Dec. 5th, 1918. Its mostlprominent feature was the very long bill: this is used to bore into soft ground, where the flexible tip enables it to grasp the worms, in- sects, and larvae upon which it feeds. Its head was striped black and whit- ish and the upper parts and wings streaked with black, brown and white.

This is sometimes referred to as the English" Snipe, but as I have no literature on the birds of the Old Country I am unable to say whether this ls correct: in all likelihood if. is a. near variety. It is a summer resi- dent here, and is valued as a game bird. It winters in the southern US, according to Reed.