Che Guardian |
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that no action whatsoever could be taken. The nation’s shared guilt, sense of defeat and compassion for lost human beings would be person- al. Foreign and domestic criticism of the unfortunate nation’s technology could not be prevented. The \cum-
| ulative effect, orchestrated by a
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strongest memory’ is weaker than the weakest ink” TUESDAY, OCTOBER 26, 1965.
Wilson’s Mission
In flying to Salisbury, Rhodesia, Prime Minister Harold Wilson and his Commonwealth Secretary, Arthur Bottomley, are said to have taken the toughest task in the foreign field that any modern British government has gtappled with. One British comment on the mission has been: “We can see a light which may enable us to scram- ble in the dark up slippery rocks; and
“The
PAGE 4
if we can struggle over them, we can. reach the cliffs; and if we can climb .
the cliffs, we may be able to hang onto the edge of them. That's about the position.” oe
The light is still the faint possi- bility of agreement to an international treaty which would guarantee unim- peded advance toward majority rule in Rhodesia, while safeguarding the lives and values of the large and ener- getic white minority. Of 4 million black Rhodesians nearly half are children, and of these children half are under 10 years of age. There are some 225,000 whites, of whom 90,000 are adults on the electoral rolls.
But to succeed, Mr. Wilson must do more than get negotiations going gain with Mr. Smith. He must, for tance, persuade the former prime minister Mr. Todd to use his influ- énce to get the African nationalist parties to use constitutional means of ‘advance. Yet the whole weight of in- ‘dendent African advice to them and ‘to Mr. Wilson himself, is to use force ‘against the white Rhodesians. If ‘Britain does not intervene with ‘troops, President Kkrumah.of Ghana ‘told the African summit meeting in
hbbeed,
shocked world, is difficult to esti-
mate.”
There were 13 manned _ space man days in space throughout 1964. From 1965 to 1974 Mr. Stoiko pre- dicts there will be 60 launchings of 150 persons for a total of 15,000 man days. Probably more than one multi- manned mission will be orbiting sim- ultaneously. And between 1974 and
1985 there will be 70 launchings of
| 250 persons for 35,000 man days in | flight.
:Accra, members of the Organization .
‘for African Unity “will take what- ‘ever steps are necessary.” :
: On the other side, most non- ‘Rhodesian whites advise Mr. Smith ‘to refrain from an illegal declaration ‘of independence. Besides reinforcing
‘this advice, Mr. Wilson must hope at
ileast to persuade white Rhodesians ithat in taking a step that would be
“Megally invalid, and against wortd-
‘opinion as well as world law, they iwould be sweeping deliberately into ipersonal dangers whose consequences ‘simply cannot be foreseen.
: From this distance we may find it hard to understand why there ishould be difficulty in bringing this ‘strong argument to bear. But a com- tmentator closer to the situation re-
_iminds us that these quarter of a mil-
Aion people of pioneer stock are isolat- igd.in a rich and lovely country, fear- of being drowned in a tide of
; Rect nationalism, and see the issue
+{n quite a different way.
A Grim-Warning
If all had gone according to plan, today would have marked a major milestone in the American bid to put a man on the moon by 1970. . But the blastoff from Cape Kennedy of two astronauts in a Gemini-Titan ‘vehicle has been postponed indef- initely due to the failure yesterday to orbit the spacecraft which was to “have been their rendezvous and dock- ing target. The mishap could have ‘been very much worse, however. At least it didn’t result in tragedy for the astronauts themselves. The incident underlines the grim
‘warning sounded last week by
‘Michael Stoiko, technical director of the company which builds the Titan booster that was to have put the 2- man Gemini craft into space. ‘has to do with. the danger of astro- ‘nauts being stranded after they have
eb Re me,
This -
‘been put in orbit, perhaps able to .
‘contact with the earth but helpless _and beyond assisance. ~- _ —
|__ If such a thing happened, Mr. ‘Stoiko said, it would “stimulate in- tense emotional reaction” through
' | the world. “Initial horror and fascina-
eee
tion would turn quickly to anger with the growing realization that no means existed to attempt rescue—in fact,
“in the federal “scheme.
Analyzing the possible © failures that lie ahead, this expert said there is a 58 per cent probability that stranded astronauts in orbit will re- quire 2.5 rescues between now and 1974. There is a 60 per cent proba- bility of the need for at least four rescues between 1975 and 1984, and a 62 per cent probability of the need for at least seven rescues within the next two decades, involving 22 U.S. and Russian astronauts. ;
The framework for a rescue ser- vice already exists, but Mr. Stoiko calls it quite inadequate to cope with the problem. He has called for establishment of a space rescue code. and an international rescue service as a matter of prime urgency and im- portance. If his chilling predictions are to be realized, there can surely be no ground for doubt on this score.
Hedging On Medicare
As the election campaign pro- gresses, Mr. Pearson seems to be finding increasing difficulty in ex- plaining why his medicare program should be on a compulsory basis, while his national pension plan oper- ates quite differently. Speaking re- cently in Alberta—a province which has its own medicare program and where oppostion to the federal plan is strongest—he went so far as to maintain that there is really no in-
| tention of forcing this.issue; that it:
was a matter for the provinces to de- cide whether they wanted to par- ticipate in a national medicare pro- gram or not. The federal plan, he argued, would not interfere with any- one’s freedom, for would it usurp the rights of the provincep*
This is not the way medicare was presented at the federal-provincial conference last summer, when Ottawa insisted on two basic conditions: The plan would have to be universal and compulsory. Actually, the different version the Prime Minister gave in Alberta doesn’t hold up under analy- sis, and it is doubtful if it fooled any
the provinces can take advantage of the sizeable federal grants, based on a per capita of $14, is by participating It permits
‘of his auditors. For the only way: ;--
some provinces, like Quebec, to oper-
ate their own ‘program, but only with- in the Canada-wide plan.
Quite a different policy was fol- lowed in the Canada Pension Plan.
Strong objection came to that plan | from Quebec, so no basic conditions |
were applied as in the medicare pro- posal. Quebec opted out, but in doing so will not suffer any financial pen- alty.
It would appear, in both instan- ces, that the prime purpose in shap- ing ‘the conditions of these programs was to make them acceptable to Que- bec. Mr. Pearson couldn’t say that in Alberta, of course; but it helps to ex- plain why he found it so difficult to deal with the subject in a straight- forward. manner.
EDITORIAL NOTES
An experiment in Denmark with artificial seaweed to combat the eros- ion of shorelines has resulted in the deposit. of about 3,000 tons of sand during a period of 12 weeks, on the west coast of Jutland. The object is to retard bottom currents through the use of artificial seaweed in the form of polyesterene strings: one end of the string is weighted while the oth- er waves in the current.
* * *
The productivity of Canadian farmers fell last year despite impres- sive gains since the Second World War, reports the Dominion Bureau of
Statistics. The bureau’s index of out- |
put per man-hour in agticulture drop- ped to 254.7 from its high of 257 in
1968. But in the whole period sihce-
1945, _ productivity - in agriculture made greater gains than in any other industry. The index is based on tak- ing 1949 output per man-hour as 100. Agricultural output since the war has advanced at an annual rate of growth of 5.4 per cent. .
FAST CAMPAIGN
GET-AWAY—
No PROMISES BRAKES
FASTBACK
+
Somewhere are
.
as __THE NEW MODELS OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson
Deplorable Trade Im balance With Britain
s a world-wide re- putati S being a_ selfish in- te 1 trader, and the country which has been most consis damaged by our
Canada
tanthy attitude is our oldest. trading.
partner, Britain.
Our traditional pattern of
“trade has” been to buy more
from USA than they will buy
from us, and to make up this deficit in international pay- ments by buying less from Bri- tian than we sell her. When Britain has substantial “invis- ible exports’, such as revenues from large overseas investments she was able to help Canada by tolerating that imbalance.
But since Britain was forced to strip herself of her overseas investments, to finance the pur- chase of ammunitions from USA in the first part of World War Two, it has become increa-
+ singly important for Britain to
close the previously generous gap between what she bought from Canada. and what we would buy from her.
Last year, for instance, Bri- tain bought Canadian
exports “worth $1,199 million. But our
But our purchases from Britain
totalled Jess than half that huge figure. Anti
was imposed several years ago, but unexpectedly it has hit Bri- tain hardest. -In the ensuing seven years, USA's share of our import. market has risen from 67.3 per cent to 71.7, while un- reasonable and harsh applic- ation of our anti-dumping pro- visions has slashed Britain's share of our import market from 10-7 per cent to 7.1.
Canadian officials and _ pol- iticians try to excuse this by claiming that Britain, once des- cribed as a nation of storekeep- ers, cannot sell in competitive markets. The lie is given to this slick claim by the fact that
ritain has increased her ex- ports to USA by 75 per cent -in the past four years, and in that period Canada has fallen from being Britain’s second best cus- tomer to her eighth, with USA being joined by Australia, West Germany, France, South Africa, Holland and even tiny Sweden in buying. more from Britain
| than we do.
“In a drive to boost her sales to Canada, Britain is this month
The Travellers
New York Times
Plans have a thousand differ ent ways of scattering their seeds and, as Kipling said about the ways of telling tribal lays, every single one of them is right. They work; They-insure survival of the species, which is the pur- pose and the destiny of the seed. :
Some use the wind. Milkweed
to sail away on fluffy parachutes. Basswood trees launch’ their bangles of tiny nuts on leaflike sails to ride the autumn breeze.
Maple seeds go whirling away on single- bladed helicdpters. Thistles fray their fluff, each tuft bearing a seed to a distant seedbed.
Some use birds and animals. Oaks and hickories and beeches shake down their harvest of nuts, some to roll away, some to
The Young World Appeal é
be stowed or hidden by squirels ‘and jays: Autumn berries, dog- wood and puccoon and viburnum
and baneberry and all
barberry the .hollies, invite birds to feast: ~and fly away.
Wild grapes ripen with dark, juicy temptation for raccoon, opossum and fox as well as rob-
“im and flicker and thrasher and pods ripen and free their seeds | jay
Some use people. Walk the roadside now, or the open fiels, and you soon carry a cargo. of sticktights and small burs on socks and trousers,
jacket...
Walk a mile and you spend half an hour riding your clothes of them. They are seeds with hooks and spurs_and spines and
, tiny as the ticktrefoil’s
sticktights, big as cockleburs, |
and all sizes in between.
Ottawa Journal
Representatives of Canadian youth groups met in Ottawa on the weekend to make plans for the 21-week Young World Mob-
Our Yesterdays (From The Guardian Files):
TWENTY*FIVE YEARS AGO (October 26, 1940) Premier Petain returned from his rendezvous with Hitler, and informed sources in Vichy,
France, considered the
ility that the present negotiations
between Germany, Italy and France may be preludes to an
an axis “peace drive.”
Marshal Edward Smigh Rydz, former chief of the van- quished Polish army, has join- ed a growing list of Polish re fugees arrested by authorities investigating alleged nation- wide Polish espionage and sab- otage plots in German-domin- ated Rumania-
TEN YEARS AGO. | (October 26, 1955)
A 44-year-old shoe cutter, Richard St. Laurent of South Berwick, Maine, who went with- out dinner to buy a $3 Irish sweepstakes ticket, won $140,000 whén Retrial won the Cambrid- geshire Handicap Stakes at New- market, England.
Fire of an undetermined ori- gin about eight o'clock in evening completely destroyed the general store of Joseph Mac- Pherson of Southport. The Post Office which was housed in the =" building was also destroy-
~
RFEIR
the
ilization Appeal. This is a cam- “paign by youth to attack hunger underdevelopme
It is planned by the Agriculture Organ- United — States,
rigee
gies
=k ge
rf af z
ui oF
of
» concerned minority, in
fight against hunger
in the world.
1 must have wise, if it is to use
tremendous potential for
said the projects may from fund raising drives formation” efforts such sessions on world pro- existence of a
Professional advice to
3 ER i!
ei ihe i
ity of Canadian (in this case, de- 15 to 2%) do not youth organiz- hard to “reach” It_ 48 significant “organization” here
ui
“Hi i
HE oy
E fl
; t t
skirt and |
m around -
“able political effect.
launching a major export oper- ation named CANEXTOUR. British Trade Commissioners from our major cities will spend six weeks in Britain, talking to individual companies about their prospects for selling. more to Canada in eleven selected lines... These include - electronic components, foodstuffs, confectionary, material handling
machiner
equipment, packaging
toys, surgical and medical in- struments, and, laboratory. and scientific Another
equipment. line is textile machinery, where USA dominates the Canadian market although British prices are typically lower. NOT HURTING CANADA
These fields have been chosen after a careful study of Cana- da’s buying pattern, and in all these cases Britain has ample Treason for believing that she can outsell other exporting nat- ions in the Canadian market. The great expansion of our re source industries here means that there will be a large and growing demand for investment goods; while our widespread prosperity offers a growing mar- ket for consumer goods.
The price of failure of CANEX- TOUR would be costly to Cana- dians. If Britain cannot sell more to Canada, she will be compelled to bring our mutual trade more closely into balance by buying less from us.. That could jeopardise at least. half of the 280,000 jobs in Canada which are now directly related to our eales to Britain.
This. situation _ nostalgically echoes one of the first declara- tions by the newly installed Prime Miister John Diefen- baker in 1957: his government would take steps to remedy the extreme imbalance in Anglo- Canadian trade. He kept his pro- mise: there was a steady rise in Canadian imports from Bri-
Exhausted
Condition
serene ¥ ne
Ege
no longer grouchy.
An insurance salesman had a similar experience. He was on the way up in business when his work began to slip because of lack of energy and ambition, He
| meeded a nap in the afternoon,
gained weight despite a poor appetite, and complained of be- ing cold even though the weath- er was warm. His skin rd scalp became dry and the nails end hair were: brittle.
Thyroid extract also made a new man of him and within a few years he was eligible for the insurance industry’s million-dol- lar club. ’
NOSE BAND ;
H. T. writes: The tip of my nose droops and I was told that if I put an elastic band around my head, with the tip of my nose listed back, the droopy part eventually would straighten out. What do you think of this idea?
REPLY
Not much. Elastic bands have many uses, but I do not /think that propping.up the
“Is a ‘good. one. Plastic sur isa
and | better solution to your problem.
C. R. writes: I'm developing white spots on the skin in differ- emt paris of the ‘body. Could I have leprosy?
: REPLY
Your description suggests vi- tiligo (leucoderma), a condition in which there is a patchy loss of skin pigment. * ‘
DROOPY EYELIDS ‘
G.B. writes: Every once ina while I have trouble keeping my eyelids from drooping and must force them open. How ean [I correct this
¢ REPLY
If you are not sleepy, consult your physicien because this may be an early indication of a
e condition such as myasth- gravis. : ~~ EAR TAPING ‘
M H. writes: Will taping back an infant's protruding ears help keep them back?
REPLY
Yes, while the tap is on but they will flap out again once it is removed. Plastic surgery of- ‘fers the best cure. 2°
WATER FOR CARDIACS
N. B. writes: Can a person with heart trouble drink all water he. wants? ;
tain for five years.
Long lontreal
The consequences of the Am- erican military build-up in South Viet Nam have become clear. There is now a balance of pow- er with the Viet Cong. Although the South Vietnamese army re- mains inferior to the Viet Cong, the American forces, and espe- cially American air power, have redressed the balance. At the Moment no one is winning; and no one is losing.
This is a gain for American policy in the military sense- But
the Viet Cong. And, in view of the enormous civilian casualties, it can hardly be having a favor-
There is, however, the that a military stalemate may lead to negotiations. This, it is said, has been President John-
Stalemate
Gazette 4 's icy all along; to show
son the Viet they cannot win,
and thereby to draw them to the | -
conference table.
Some support for this possib- :
ility was held out recently by the Hungarian foreign minister, in a statement at the United Nations.
The beginning of negotiations, |.
however, would not guarantee that a settlement would be rea- ched. Negotiations could, in fact, be used by the Viet Cong to gain a breathing space. In any case, the best the United States could hope for would be a politi- cal stalemate to match the mill- tary stalemate.
While, therefore, the American military position in South Viet Nam has substantially immprov- ed, thre is still little indication that the war will be brought to an end in the near future.
Ped
~ Aden Blows Hot
Toronto
“ :
Telegram
The present terror, loosed by Nasser’s nationalists, rides tough-shod over the interests of other political parties and those of the 2 ‘
Retr e
Mankind is warned it must) Blessed are the poor, They learn to loaf creatively, but isn't | can view the ups and ot S anda wally Ag Oe ee was — e : wall Standere-Precholdae The owl may have earned the title “wise” because he just sits| Johnny, age five, was looking and stares. But the car driver | at phs of ‘his 3) who sits and stares after the wedding Hla father ried to fle green light is turned on is des- ceremony in quihed with ansther adfectve ty ie mele Ok oe the in the cars behind.— mother te come. and’ work for Fort Times-Herald. us?”—Torouto Star.-
Citizehe and visitors
ears of residents in Greater Vic- toria is part of a universal deve-
Some things are impossible to believe, however hard one tries. Take for example the propasal made by the Naval Officers’ Association of Canada that the minimum age of boat operators should be nine. ,
There are people who can pre- sent arguments for boys of nine being allowed to fire: shot guns, or drive cars if they are prop- ped up on cushions. Fortuna- tely, the majority of adults —
parents — remain unconvinced. It is to be hoped they will remain of the same mind on. authorizing boys - of nine to take the helm. :
This 2s chosen, we are
i, after consultation with psychologists, .as though this automatically gave it the stamp of wisdom.
Naturally, quite young boys get experience in boat handling
'
Ever wonder how the war against Japan happened to end? ‘You probably think that Japan ee to the United
.
Soviet Union, The Russians forced the surrender, ge It isn’t
Real
g : it
: is
en iH
i gead
i i LE e
That.isn't the version of the |:
be mailed
Participate. q . should not f'Mr. Vernon Maxfield. ¢/o Bank of Now
_ Crusade Against Noise Vietoria Times |
Time and money are being spent in large amounts by in- dustry in an attempt to cut the decibel level of machinery and jet aircraft.
It makes the best kind of sense when municipal leaders work to similar purpose by seeking pow- er for police to crack down wilfully offending drivers of cata’ and motorcycles.
Nine At The Helm
Hamilton Spectator
we need is more responsibility, not less. ’
Chinese Rewrite History
Milwaukee Jonrnal
THE CREDIT GRANTERS’ ASSOCIATION OF SUMMERSIDE ARE PLEASED TO PRESENT _
than “October