more roan THE G UARDIAN

_ IIIIIIII Dally (Ioalldod ll I181) E Althorlud n: Second Cllu IllL P"! om" Dlputmonl, Ottawa. The hlaml Guardian Putzllnhlnl Cl- lum. and unis-gin; vim-tor. J It. Burn"- Anaclato Eilllnr, Frank Walker.

"Th9 Strongest Memory is Weaker Than , the Weakest lnk."

CHARLOTTETIHVN. WEDNESDAY. FEB- 16~ 1949

An Old Precedent

When Piinie Minister St. Laurent went t0 Washington over the week-end, there to cnivY the hospitality of President Truman, he was fol- lowing an old precedent. The Ottawa Journal recalls the following incident in this connection, as revealed in a lecture given some years ago bv Senatzr Norman LamberhWhen Abraham Lin- cein travelled freni Washington to Gettysburg to deliver his immortal address he was accom- panic} by McDougull, noted Canadian politician of the Confederation era, then in Washington with Gait to discuss trade matters. Arriving qr the White l-iouse McDougall and Gait were told by Lincoln that their business would have to be postponed, seeing that he had to go next day to the Gettysburg dedication ceremonies, l)... that he would like to have ‘them come with llllil lo Gettysburg.

tvkDougall accepted the invitation, stayed v-iiii Lincoln and Seward at an inn the night before the dedication ceremonies, and the next day heard Lincoln deliver his address. (McDoug- all, incidentally, did not shore the general im- pressien that Lincoln's speech was of little con- sequence, of secondary importance to the long oration by Everett, and in a letter to his family predicted that the speech would become fam- ous.)

in the 1880's and 1890's visits of Canadian public men to Washington were rare. Sir Wil- frid Laurier went to see President McKinley (Mc- Kinley, the Journal recalls, was not in Washing- ton at the time, the meeting taking place else- wherel, and Fielding, of course, wont to Wash- ington iii 1911 to negotiate the ill fated reci- niocity pact. Sir Robert Borden went to Wash- ington to attend the Disarmament Conference of i922; and the White House became a place familiar to Mr. htrickenzie King.

Visitr. to Ottawa by American presidents have been rarcr; but most of them, in recent years, have come to other Canadian parts. Presi- dent Toft had a Summer home at Murray Bay. Mr. Harding stopped off at Victoria and Van- couver on a visit (it was shortly before his death) on a trip to Alaska. President Roosevelt, who had a cottage at Campobello, New Brunswick, went to Ottawa during the war, and two years ago there was the visit of Mr. Truman.

Happily such exchange of visits are not occasions for pomp and circumstance, but mere- ly a "dropping in" of friends. lt was as a friend that Washington greeted. .M.r...St-..L=ilire.n.t..lost. weekend. it would be as a friend, as one of our own, that Ottawa would greet Mr. Truman, were he to visit the Federal capital again. Long may this good old custom continue.

immigration To Canada,

information regarding immig-ration to Can- ada was given in the House of Commons last week by Hon. James A. MacKinnon, Minister of Mines and Resources. He told the HOUSE tllfli last year a total of 125,414 immigrants entered this country-the largest total of any year since i929.

Breaking down the total number of inimi- grants, who come to Canada during i948, into nationalities, he read figures to show that the British Isles supplied the largest contingent— 46,057. immigrants from northern European races numbered 16,957, including 10,169 from the Netherlands. Other races contributed 55,019 new Canadians, the largest individual groups being 13,799 Poles and 10,011 Ukrainians. The United States supplied 7,381.

Disposition of the immigrants by Provinces was as follows: Ontario, 61,621; Quebec, 24,687; British Columbia, 11,918; Alberta, 9,715; Mani- toba, 7,750; Saskatchewan, 5,087; Nova Scotia, 2,813; New Brunswick, 1,476; Prince Edward ls- land 269; Yukon Territory, 64; Northwest Ter- ritories, 14. There was no information in the statement to indicate the trades, vocations or professions of those who crime to Canada, but so far as Prince Edward island is concerned, the majority of the newcomers were placed on farms, in the case of mcn, or in homes as domestic ser- vanis, in the case of women. All appear to be doing well and there is reason to believe they will make excellent citizens and good Canad- tans.

Churchill 0n Socialism

Mr. Winston Churchill's views on socialism are well known; but as he has the talent of being able to express them in new and pungent phrases they always make lively reading. His latest com- mentary, on the scheme of Britain's Socialist government to nationalize the steel industry, is thus quoted in an exchange. He was speaking in the British Commons in reply to on address by tho Minister of Supply who had dwelt on the benefits of concentrated management of the in- dustry:

"Management by whom? is it to be manage- ment by businessmen under all the inducements of profit and all the penalties of bankruptcy, or is-it to be management by politicians inter- ested in their careers or prejudiced by their par- ty doctrines, but otherwise not specially distin- guislied-or, l should soy, who otherwise have their distinction yet to win -- who are assisted in their task by officials themselves impartial in the sense that it makes no difference to them whether the industry shows a profit or a loss?

"For our part we are sure that the future expansion of the stool industry in its relation to our general economic life can be better carried out by the industry itself, and we have no doubt that it could get oil the money it wants once

the Socialist meddlm and muddiers stand out of the sunlight . . . g

"l soy this is not a bill, it'd a piot; not a plan to increase production, but rather, in ef- fect ot any rate, an operation in restraint of trade. it is not o plan to help our patient strugg- ling people, but a burglar‘s jimmy to crock the capitalist crib.

"The right hon. gentleman laughs, but he lives on the exertions of 80 percent. of indus- tries still free and all his hopes are founded on their activities. Those free industries consti- tuie practically the whole of our export trade. They are already hampered by having to bear the weight and extra charges of the nationalized services and the weight of enormous taxation. They are already cramped by o vast network of regulations, interferences and restrictions, but still they are carrying the whole burden of our life and represent our only solvent economic earn- ing power."

l’ EDITORIAL NO] ES f

As a Province we would rather be consulted over freight rate increases and margarine than aver admitting Newfoundland into the Con- federation.

fi i fi

if a church cannot be erected in a residen- tial part of the city, where can it be built? The tendency is for churches lo follow families info new districts where they can and are a blessing and a boon. lf churches are to be placed in the category of factories or businesses we have bcccme exclusively a materialistic people with- out respect for spiritual welfare.

I Q I Speaking of food price declines in the United States, Agriculture Minister Gardiner

recently stated, "People are inclined to forget that (Canadian) farmers, and dairy farmers in particular, were asked to hold their hand on prices during the war — at a time when they might have charged almost what they wanted." fi i Q

The judges ol the court of King's Bench of sfihliflltllCil/Llli liuvc followed the lead 0f their Ontario brothers and exchanged their sombre black for robes of violet banded with scarlet, one of the dresses still worn by judges in Britain. When will our Bench follow suit?

a a a

The trans-Canada telephone conference, Saturday, of one of our great insurance compan- ies, in which branch managers in every Province took part, may well indicate the pattern of fu- ture natinnai and international discussions. A Dominion-Provincial conference, for instance, could be held without any of the Prime Minis- tors leaving his office or advisers. I I ‘R

The Hamilton Spectator reports that no less than 68 per cent of box alarms answered by firemen last year were false. Other cities both in Canada and in the United States, find that a similar condition prevails. Charlottetown’s lack of such a system must be looked upon as an advantage rather than otherwise.

w k i

it is time that the Red Indian was also admitted into Confederation. The situa-tion created‘ from early days o-f settlement by our various treaties with the original inhabitants needs to be ended by formal agreement by both parties‘ which would leave the Red Man a full citizen of this nation.

Q I I

Nothing but horror and shame con be felt at the lawless incident at Edmundston on Sat- urday when a crowd of more than 500 forced four people to leave that town. The fact that those involved belonged to the once illegal Je- hovali's Witnesses, or anything they may have been doing, cannot excuse their treatment. if they were lawbreakers, there is a civilized pro- cedure for dealing with them.

i 11 i‘

British scientists have decided that enough fresh air enters a home through chinks around doors and windows. Perhaps they were influenc- ed by thc story of the Englishman who arrived late at night at a Quebec inn. Unable to sleep, he rose and tried to open a window, failing that, lie broke the glass and gulped down the fresh air. After a sound sleep he was surprised to find the cost of a mirror included in his bill.

* it 5k

Philip Melanchton, German social and re- ligious reformer, born this date 1497; while professor of Greek at Wittenburg was a fellow worker with Luther; drew up the Augsburg Con- fession, and managed with conspicuous skill the conference with the Catholic delegates at Worms and Rotisbon; by his skill and wisdom saved the reform movement from excesses; on Luther's death he became leader of the Lutherans. His best known publication was Loci Commune: Rer- um Theologicarum, the first standard work on Protestant dogmatic theology: "'l~n necessary things unity; in doubtful things liberty, in all things, charity."

I I Q

it will be recalled that about a year ago one of the sensational ”books of the day," was Victor Krovchenko's "l Chose Freedom." Giving evidence in a libel suit last week by the author against a French Communist weekly, Gabriel Kysilo, a former Russian engineer said "the book exactly reflects life in Soviet Russia." He said communism rules "by hunger, agitation and ter- ror." Kysilo told of being arrested and imprison- ed on false charges of being o saboteur. Ho told of being shut up for three months in a cell that was built for 24 persons, but contained 136. Ho told of seeing women and children flogged and kicked, and of being sent to a Siberian pris- on camp and being forced to work in sub-zero temperatures with little food. At one point in the trial, Kravchenko grew so angry with the defendants and their lawyer that a police guard was placed between them and Kravcheirko to prevent violence. Another survivor of Siberia was Ivan Krcvsoun, 57, who said 40 per cent of the

prisoners died of hunger.

' THE GUARDIAN.

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PUBLIL I URUM

this column ls open la the

discussion by Luneflfflhdfllll

of questions of interest. The l

Guardian does not ace-ensur-

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LETS GET THE FACTS

Sir,~The letter signed J. F. \V. published in your issue of Feb- ruary 15th.. compels me to answer not in the spirit of controversy, but in an attempt to assist that correspondent in stfaivgiifefiiiig’ out some of his facts.

J.F.W. subscribes to n false bc- lief in stating that Brig. Price con- tested Si. Aiitoirie-Wr-stmount in 1945. The writer can vouch that two thirds of Canada and the whole Pacific separated Brig. Price from the aforesaid riding during the 1945 elections, and that duties of far greater import commanded his attention at that time.

His attempt to portray Brig. Price as the broken-down horse type will not. convince many read- ers. May I thank your correspon- dent for including me as an enthus- iastic IFiOIHl of Brig. Price. For such I am. Anrl with uii enthusiasm that. could only result from close association with one who led the

BUSINESS‘.

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CHARLOTTETOWN

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“nun. _

m omen. wanes,

"if PRESENT . ‘

,- Faciurizs ARE~ i ~ rnmocoons’ . :;

Hon Col. J. L. Ralstou to Prince Edward Island Evidently he does not like the boot on the other foot now. He is very much concerned about "other things" which he hints Brig. Price will bring from Montreal. Brig Price lives in the City of Quebec.

Like many others m his party, "J.F.\’l"s" inii-nnte kiiovvierlize of "otlicr things“ employed in win- ning elections is probably much more extensive than ihat. of the gentleman he seeks to belittle.

I om, Sir, etc. POLITICAL OBSERVER

THE ONE-ROOM SCHOOL

Sir, — We have heard a lot about the ruraL-one-room school but but never much done about it.

\’l'e are all agreed that the pupils in the one-room school don't. get the some Help as in a graded school. As a tnistee in such a school, I find you have to be ex- tremely lucky to get a qualified teacher. Teachers are very human. They naturally prefer a graded school.

It. is high time llie Department did something special about the one-room school. Teachers who are making a success of teaching all the grades in one room aren't doing it in the regular school hours: they are spending extra time Wifllflul. any extra pay. I think there lies the hest answer

way when the going was toughest. Whether J.F.\V.'s letter was writ- ten with malicious intent or, as often is the case, only to be read. without regard for fur-l, I dn not. ask. 'l'liis, I will say: "It sounds all right but it ain't true." I am. Sir, etc. FRANK G. O'NEILL. Charlottetown, P. ‘ l.

"J. F. W." CHALLENGE!)

Sin-For n nuinhr-r at‘ years the initials “J.F.\\’." iinvc been signed to hundreds of ioitci-s on subjects of interest ta [he readers of our local publications, rmil no rloubt clue to the frequency of his or her appearance in the Press has been acccplcrl ns a well-rend authority on these subjects.

Surely‘ after his letter appearing in The Guzirrlirin of the 15th. liris l‘|t‘(‘ll rlirzustrrl, renders will hesitate ill fiic fuiuri- iii give any credence to his muitnriiigs.

Ife rr-ririinlv lins demonstrated In liiis casc- tiiril no doesn't know wiint hr- is lalkiu: about, or he is deliberately attempting i0 discredit Brigadier Price.

Thr- i-riririirlnin defeated in \Vest- mount was lllajor General C. Bani] Price, C.i\l.L'.'.. D.S.O., D.C.M.. M.M.. anrl is not. related to the nominated candidate for Prince County. Prince Edward Island.

Brigadier Price does not come from Montreal. but from Quebec City. Hflll was iievur a candidate in any previous Federal election. al- though he could have been while still being subjected to the tyranny of thr- Jnps when the bye-election

mentions-ii by “J.l~‘.\’l'.“ was con- leslcri. I am, Sir. etc. T. B. ROGERS. Charlottetown

THE CONTEST IN PRINCE

Bin-i notice that "J.F‘.W." la active again. His letter plainly shows his intended purpose-to fllfipflfllllr a great. Canadian soldier, Brig. John Price, a veteran of two warn. In doing so he resorts to in- accuracy by confusing him with someone else. If "J.F.W." had even called up his own former deput- nir-rit iio would ‘have found that. Brig. John Price dlrl iioi contest, Si. Antolne-Westmoiint. in 1945. The Progressive Conservative candidate for that seal. in 1945 was Major General Basil Price. _

“J.F.W." is very " " now about "veterans and good fellows". Ho wui very silent, when his party brought Hon. W. L. Mackenzie

King. Hon. Charla: Dunning and

to this problem. The regular school hours are not. very long. and I believe there are lots of good teachers who would prefer a one-room scliooi if they could put in extra time and get paid for ll. There are a good many teachers now working extra time’ without any extra pay.

I do hope the Department will do something special for the onc- room schools very soon.

I am. Sir. eta, ELDON DRUMMOND Sauiii Freetown, PEI.

FREIGHT RATES

Sir, Permit me to make ii few remarks re our fi"_‘li.',lil rates, which are causing so much controversy at the present time. Ii. is not my in- tontion to iii-sire against Ute in- PTODSI‘. but will icavc tiiaf lo the hluriiiriir- 'i'rrinsporiat.io|i Commis- sion or someone iiipiir-i" up to rir-iil willi. But l wont lri emphasize tho point that our rates, so far as Prince Erlwurrl Islnnrl is concern- ed, are n: bad a bungie ris the farms-rs‘ lnr-nmc tnx. nrui more un- just and complicated hy the sys- tem of znninr: as we now limo it.

Since the increase in rates this hair become more apparent, for what discrimination was shown to the amall zones on the Island sec- tion of the C. N. R. is now show- ing up on a much larger scale and is causing shippers to sit up and lake notice when it hits home.

This has been n matter that 1 have been trying to have remedied since the onriyffhirties, when it first came to my notice. I remem- ber the late Mr. .1. W. Bouller rio- ing some work on ll. but for some reason nothing else was done. As ll was passed on to the producer and consumer without their being aware of it. no action was taken until some three sears ago. when the Alberton and West. Prince Board of Trade had it up, and n re- solution was presented lo the Mari- time Board of Trade and again to the lame body nt Saint John in 1947, when it was taken up by the Maritime Transportation Commll- sion through Mr, Graham Rogers.

A: this body is about to alt in on thl: and other matterl, all infer- elted were ta contribute something to aupport them in their attempt to have rate schedule: adjusted, and a meeting was arranged with Mr. Rand Matheoon recently at Char- lottetown by the Potato Shippers Advllory Council. A relolution we: , ’ at thin " .,. " that potatoe: and turnip: ahlpped out of the Maritime: be conlldered a: of one acne or carrying the some rota from any point In the Prov-

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\‘i’hiie this viuulrl be of some benefit. I rio not consider it élf all ndcquritr- to l‘\"lIIL'll_\' lira injustice which lhr~ ps-npie of those sections have so loiirz ciiilurrri. Nat only po- tato shippers-for this, like rill nth- er charges. is [lLlSSlTl on to the pro- ducer and consumer alike; nnrl after nil it is of little concern to Itic potato shipper or importer.

When the resolution failed to in- elude shipments to nnrl from the Maritimes, I, with others, made in- quiries as to how this would affect our shipments. sziy, of potatoes for export by Halifax and Saint John. which are considerable each year. The shipments i0 Upper Cunridu carry a differential of five dollars per cur" plus the difference in reef- er and heat, which runs to an aver- age of two dollars and more be- tween the two zones: that is west. of Summersicio nnil east of Chur- iottetown on iliP outside, rind b0- tweeii Summcrsirte Ilfid Charlotte- iovi'n on the inside. The shipper de- ducts this amount from his commis- sion, which of course he has to do or lose the sale to his competitors.

But when the shipment is made to Halifax for export, the differ- ence amounts to at liinst twice the above figure; and we finrl that in- stead of two zones, the outside zone is itself divided into two for ship-

ent to Ilniifax, with the dividing ine at. O'Leur_v. Points west. of this lino curry u ion fifillltl‘ charge for frclgiil riluiie, plus iicnt and reefer accommodation, if airy. over the section cost of Sunuuerside.

For exports to Saint John we find a mucii worse example, as the zone is (lividerl in three, with one section of about fen miles from Bloomfield to Portage, iincl the other from Portrigr- to Charlotte- town inclusive, with n rate of two cents less than, say, Alberton. Tig- nisli or all stations wcst of Bloom- fiolrl.

'l‘iius ii. \\iil be seen liuit the rc- soiutinii as presented lo the Muri- fimc ‘Friiiisporiiiiiori Commission would effect only n pririini adjust- ment uurl wouiri mulro it. all the hurrloi‘ to not. ii before the Com- mission npnin.

I was nriviscd by one iiifereslr-rl in tlir~ resolution us." urloplcil, rial to risk for ton mucii ni one time; hut if it is an injustice to charge one cent to Upper (Izinnrin, haw mucii Morse is il to have two cents for ilulifux rind Siiirii Julin for oxjwrl ris muiiy tliousuiirls of liusiicis go llivro rivrijv your") Aliylliitig short of including rill illririlimi- shipments rit present \\‘0lllll lie like the action of the liiriinii who cut off his dog's liiil one inch ni. n time, so that tl would not hurt. i

in conclusion I would suggest flint. everyone interested in this ruattew-anrl tiirit includes nil. as the some condition pertains lo both imports nnrl exports, and I have taken potatoes as an example only because the resolution made speci- fic mention of this commodity- slioulrl communicate with our rcp- resontativcs at Ottawa rind have them use their influence to right. this condition. No doubt they are conversant with this matter. a: I sow where Mr. Lester Douglas and Mr. MiicNriught nlloudcii the meet.- lni: with Mr. Rand lvfritiieson when this resolution was presented.