apkiLjfilgffl

' - NEWSY NoTEs '-

l! AGIIIOOIA

i? .

WHEN I LOOK BACK

i ' h ties. came Alfred Nlmfiwtokifh nwlreiomay consider- wfifi A905 to of Mcdern Jcui nalism ‘d 1 w what an opportunity u" ewspapc“ were missing: heie filing, great. new, and nfislooled . 'dn‘t t to now so

l“ m“ d‘ liiivtygnand pvllvoul hear about all manner .5 which were nappeulus, 1n world of which they were Jl-lfll omltii; cgusflflllfi‘ w t if not, For these half- yqplfl Hurmsworth got. priced popular Buoy- histories of science ems-the “mot-

ed ed P §,“‘,,£$i'i§§lynew

o

tlalVfll. '°°°,"§‘~-“.§ts jllil. beginning its car- gfand lnziiinierahie scientific mar- ": "rattles? “star: "Self-Educator" and it not without some mental 3e he be leves.) NOW. t (ivho afterwards g Noithcliffe) had the F»! up B, paper that would 1n- geung ll ti interests mentioned. elude a wth" ii in a. manner m‘? ‘mom dreading ublic the which L35 131i: or the 0y n; the mm reld igiderstand and up‘ om“ fgolTiie outcome was the Even- weci‘ ~' followed by the Dally Mil?" zlgdfias Daily Mail: and they were wry difcicnt. figmmtzthcguiiacoifiiolnoé me time. thong Y ‘ I x ' “ ‘*5 “.‘°'u.!fifi.€§“‘.m?f , halgpcimy-o obtained a huge oilrciiitlation. A new of story mo. e s B-DDBB-TB-xhiifi

5e papers. it was in do

and its authorshad o. slogan .-“M£tl(8 them luuglfnnma e them- uutm waltlis and at the u in pa: .

f ach part the IIGWSDB-Del‘ $11.2. ‘would lrvxerlgfitleslycut off 1"“ “h” me 1e we w” ‘bh ut- over the DWClDW 650599 6 tendons of the villain or the hero was bound andjzaged. with his Teln- guy's gun ponted at his head. 1e readers knew. of worse. thuttEh-L hero wouldnt be kil ed. and ‘t; the heroine was sure to be rescue . in fact they wouldnt. have been satisfied if the story not ended happily-but still they Vifirg anxious lo iiiid out. how the escape was ef- icciul. and eagerly bought the nexi. paper to ascertain it.

Then a new techn-que for present- 111g the news was discovered. A headline, that would at once draw the attention. was put at the hedd of cacti item. Often, however, in those early days. the item vinth the biglicadlincs was not the most 1m; poi-taut item. To illustrate this le us suppose that the League of Nations was in existence in those llllfiollhlstlcatefl days. The League was an important body. designed i0>p.“6\'(‘ill,vmll1l0llS of people from

.11)! uup easnnt deaths by out- lawing ivars. But it seldom showed lip well in the papers because it was not. immedmtely attractive to the casual buyer. If there was a. meeting and discussion at Geneva. and a murder. or o. battle else- whers atttlif sriiorincttirncfiathcilratter wou cc iir g ype. ut one oi the Mamie delegates should go to sleep in meeting. (a. not. im- . possible thing _on a. hot afternoon) than that. trivial but funny occurr- arlictz uoullél htiive oogumiiniinteéojst

a ivou cc sec head ng. e fllle crme to rend: If you want lo have a good circulation you must play up the trivial and personal and always supply what the pub‘ ic wail. lt is but lust to admit that the Mdlfll! publ‘c has greatly matured since then and is a. better judge even of abstract questions, than was tho public of the ‘nineties.

The new journalism was an im- mecis.» success for the proprietors; Northcliffe and his friends, imita- tions. and rival, made huge fortunes out of it. Advertising grew as mil- liens of papers were sold. A few filméheb old Dilrpers itifild out for be.

u mrs of em were a - rorbed bv the newer ventures: for instance before the war I was told

Lilli

f"? tovemment’: agricul- ural department ls strongly “d""°l"l"i-! the use nf limo this season. Consult your "Kriculturnl representative concerning the application of “lilo to your soil.

There are many good ru- {ons for this: you likely know ‘hem all and are plunnln to ‘m0 your farm this Spr- ng. ;l'o avoid being disappointed '1 dllllipry. lace your order now while " rookvllle" High grads Limestone ls selling M. B e same low rice as hat fall ‘rookville agi- cultural Lime In he finest manufactured and Will give early results. Consult "I! farmer who has used it. mindless of Increased Dru- ilcllon costs. there is no in- crease in price to you this spring,

rmcss $3.00 per ton in Bulk $3.75 per ton in Bags

Oar lots of 50 Tons or more

delivered to your nearest rail-

Wflv station in P. E. I.

avoid the usual rush by plan- lll your requirements early.

s lid vour order DAY lltcifving shlppink dale to

Bfflokville Mfg. Co. Limited

lluwilivtiic. so. John C0,. up.

Mrs. l-f, G 8 Adams, Pres.

Phone a-om or s-a-iaa

there were only tn ' _ papers in mndonfeavfibigixlageg-ly more had been eight. As the editors and staffs of the older paper] had beennns it were "brought, up on p0)- itlcs there can be no deum that ‘time "t"! molly tragic stories con- “Rwd with the mergers: many 3°“ me" W" 111i permanently on l1"? shill! by the new owners, When looked at. closely 1t will be 110N066. that the new nakst dddxvt need

to

an expert i the

about. Whaxt he rieugdwedmw: $012: an expert. in‘ publicity matters; to know what parts of a story to boost; °° lmW- i=1 1m. what uic ubllc Will buy moat of and um q y.

In Influenu. Preventable?

Rom m own OIPedence the ans- wer to that question is “yesi" For ncny years. from early manhood, Vmhove been subject to attacks of . iuenu. (as welli u common some) hat caused both loss of time 5nd EWQBBJ lhlwry every winter. 0f

W years the influenza. had shown o tendency to recur, with two at. tacks in the winter. 1i, was were- 101's with treat interest that about. thPeeyoI-ftlsolnadofunex- Deriment carried out by:

SEIIIBOH at Deeds, ngland, by means of a promotion called Anti- bl-scn. He took 52 members of the fmte (who were chosen for their Susceptibility to the disease). dosed hem with tablets of Antl-rbe-san. and reduced the "absent through influ rate of his men from 11.1 days uiniially to 1.7 days. He eaev me the address of the manu- factures of the preparation and I "oblulhod e supply late i:i 193a. r had neither flu nor cold ln the win- tor of 930-40. I sent. for another

en

first dose in December and have had no shin of the malady yet, lhoush I have been in contact with some severe cases. e cost. we; ll-‘Jfiill- $3.50 for six months immun- ity—and its worth the money.

NOTES 0N ISLAND PLANTS The Scrophularlaceus (3)

i, ynglrzvelnlns“ fa" megroeg o1’ this o op n gun - ster existence, tn part. at any ma. They have green leaves so they can get food from the air and the soil; bl-lt they me not content with that. They put out special rootlets which make contact with lihe roots other Jolants and rob them of the s’? W ‘ch amid go to promote the

Rro . note that the old farmers 1n g- lflhd. who lmew little about Bot- flhk-cnd cared less—were presumi- ed that this same group “burnt the roots of the grass." ,

The Cow Wheat (Meiumpyrum limo") was no nrmed because ft WM to be relished by cows. o name Melam yrum mean-l “Black wheat" since t was 7s~id that bread turned b‘uck if the

Iris of this plant; got mixed with the wheat in grinding. Like many other parasitic plants it turns black in drying. It is semi-parasitic on Brass roots.

Next ls the Hairy Eyebright (Euphmsla offlclnalis) found here by Prof. Groh in 1926. This. it must be noted. is a complex species, em- bracing "a multitude of fomis.” ac- cording to Si: Joseph D. Hooker (1884). We may tr assume that botanists will yet. sub-divide it. perhaps into other species. The name Euphmsia. means giadness. and it is conjectured that the plant obtained this name from its former reputation as an eye-med.- lclhe. Lii also is send-parasitic on grass 1001s. In France it is "Enf- raise" and “Case-Lunatic? it has two forms of! flowers (dbnorphous).

It l! intriguin f0 tn

I CONSERVATION I

l Will OOLUDD‘ OR PB-AUHOAI. OPINIONS 0P ‘I'll! VITAL ISSUES AFFECTING THE USES AND ABUSIS 0F NATURAL RESOURCES B!

IIFIELD

MB. LUDLOW JENKINS

KILLING “m. GRAFT

Bounties (Anti-Steel Trap News) .

"Ilhe belief is held that putting a place on the head of an species is a certain way to reduce ts num- bers-and run species it cer- tainly works out that way. Often, however. frauds connected vlnth bounty laws prevent the accomp- lishment cf the purposes oi the leg- lslutlon. Among the more flagrant frauds u the manufacture of "scalps"; where the requirements do not strlctl define the of ue animal be presented for bounty payment many "scalps" may be made from a. single animal Another common way of ‘beating’ bounty laws is to import "sca pa“. perhaps from mother State: and wihot ll tn effect. the same thing. is the paying of s. bounty on e. mig- ratory species. The supposed ne- flt. were there any» to be derived from the killtlng of the creature. would accrue to some state other than the one paying the bounty. For instance. it is altogether pro- bable that crows killed for bounty in nor-them winter roosts are mostly nesting inhabitants of Canada. a stale paying a bounty on such crows, would benefit (if then-e were any benefit) another nation.

Many bounty hunters olso are

rovldent ¢riough to refrain from

i g females. and from disturb- ing dens of young. so as to ensure u. continuing crop of bounty-pro- ducing species. A great defect in the auniiilstratlon of bounties is that the officials authorised to pay them are not qualified to identify the creatures ori whose head there la l. price nor to defect fraudulent “seal s". Again, the question 3s to who er or not bounties will be paid often is vested in boards of county commissioners. of the members of which not one in a. thousand has even a smattering of the informa- tion necesary for Wise treatment cif s. problem 1n aimal econoiiucs.

Notwithstanding these objections to bounty lows. lh 1935 twenty- eight. states still retained these arc- haic and harmful provisions. For common species, the usual result of bounty laws, because of defects 1n their administration. is the con- tinued payment your after year of

showing that. the procedure is upon a. cropping basis, and no reduction in numbers is being accomplished. Where rare species are concerned, the bounty is higher. the incentive profit by it is much greater and the effect of the law is toward elimination of the rare animals. Consider the case oi Wildcats in Pennsylvania. where the bounty is $15.00-th.ree tines as much a5 that paid upon any other animal In 5-year divisions of a. 23-year period of bounty payment, the aver- age number of wildmts presented for bounty dropped as shown by these figures: 460. 422. 248. arid 18-1. An accelerating rate of decline ‘s obvious, and the fate of the wild- cais is clearly indicated. At the same rate of decrease as show-n in the last period Wildcats will be eli- minated as bounty animals in Pennsylvania during the next five years. that is. about 1944i. Actual extirpation may not. result; but it will be something close to it,‘ Another instance illustrating the evil of bounties (and indeed of any form of control by wholesale action) is Pennsylvania's bunty on wea- sels. A large proportion of those for which bounty is paid are the tiny and interesting Least Weasel. a species whose food the year ’l‘Ollllfl consists almost entirely of niice. for whose capture its loan and disposi- iloll_esluurrl>l_v_f_lt_it_-.l-lare_lhe sit.-

with a ln-mer and a smaller corolla.

The Red Bartsia, sometimes celi- ed the "Brownweed (Odonites rubra.) is common on roadsides and in fields. It looks as bit like Summer Savory. apart from its color. Cattle avoid it. and are said to refuse grass growing round it “Bur-tale." com- memorates Johann Bortsch. a Prussian botanist.

Last, of the family is the Yellow Rettlle (Rhlniinthus i-rlata-pllil: like all the preceding, it ls semi- parastfc on the roots of grass. e name Rhlnanthus is Greek for "nose-flower": (this doesn't. mean that it is fragrant at all, but fon- cifully compares the beaked upper- ,» of the corolla. to an animal's but)“ .

Send-parasitic plants will grow in so'l and produce green leaves like the vast majority of other plants: but they never attain full development until they have grass or other roots to draw their sus- tenance from. ‘Ilhere are several other mrmbers of this degenerat- ing group in Canada which have yet been found in P. E. I. Before finishing with this extan- sive family. I quote the synopsis from “Fkinn Weeds of Canada":- “This large femilv does not con- tain many weeds. The plants are re- markably variable in appearance azid habits of growth/The leaves present almost every form. The flowers are "usually in spikes. as the Mullelhs. or in panicles, as the rank-smelling l-‘igworis, occason- ally axillary and solitary. as the aromatic Musk Flower. but never fewninel. In no family, except per- haps the Orchids are there so many varieties of irregular corollas, which generally have 4 or 5 divisions eith- er slightly united at the bas- or completely lnto a tube. Tm fruit is a I-celied capsu c. wh‘ch opens when ripened and allows the num- erous seeds drop cut.

The Bcroiphulariaceae are bitter plants. Some contain a.

narcotic poison such as the Fox- glove (Digitalis). Amon the weeds are the Mulleins: Toa Max: the

Speedwell; f Veronical). some speoles of which are troublesom on lawns: Glandular Eyebrimht and Red Birt- sla, introduced. both rather com- mon pvstwe weeds in Prince. ward Island: and Yellow Rattle. an annual weed in low meadows."

Replying to Mrs. II. C.

Dear Madam: you ask for a short Pat of flowers. low rrowinu and suit- able for a rock garden. 'I'h's request makes me suppose that you are con- lOfflpllVZlg such u. garden feature but have not yet begun to con-chief it. 1'1 that is so hero are u few pre- liminary ‘hints. ‘Ric bite chosen

should be first stripped of all vege- tation. particularly grass. Some grasses will make their way up inr- oush a considerable fhckness of soil: and no matter how feeble they are aft/er the effort, they quickly become robust when they reach the sunshine. and give the moze trouble since their roots are deep. Then lprepdre a. big batik of good soil ifor a. foundation on which Ito build the stonework; memember it is not an easy matter to renew the soil afterward. so a good k should be laid i:i at first. It is likely that you will use .0cai "rocks," and here is a note of warning: be sure that each s.onc selected is not. om which will shell off every winter. There is con- sideroble diversity of local stone in this respect but. good rocks can readily be detected in spring time

l

about the same number of bmizitics

especially. It ls annoying to have to uncover plants that have been

integrated rock every‘. winter» Now lay the stones on the] soil in the proper position in which nature laid than down in the earth: | to make this plairier our sandstones. were deposited in flat layers. and if ‘ they are stood on end the layers will split apart. As to their arrange- ment on the bank of soil. try and make them look irregularly natural and leave plenty of “p0ckets“ for your plants.

It would be s. fine thrng if wel could have a gorgeous display the first year, but you know the old saying: “Rome was not bult in a day." It will take two or three years before your rock-garden perennials will cause you to say “Behold it is good." But in the meantime you ma get results if you plnnt some of e lesser-known hardy annuals and you may if inclined save their seed for another year. Here arc a few which will grow anywhere. an: all are dwarf: Iberia (Candytuft) dark crbiison; Ionopsidium acauie (has no common name) very dwarf, dainty pale mauve flowers; Lobeiia several kinds, deep bue: best rous- ed in house and planted out: Silli- vltaiia procumbers (no common name) haid as nails yellow abund- ant: omphalodes llnifolio. while. They are not expensive (l or 15 cents a packet.

As to perennials. I think l may have s me cuttings to spar-c later on. though I myself am only a be- ginner and haven't a great stock yet. Will mail them on.

Qpe last hint: I have heard of people who, when they take a " on ‘the Island, with them limestone her rocks. to give variety to their gar- dens. inns are paying for the destruction of a friendly species that should be protected. '

v

Vifhen species already have diffi- culty in maintaining themselves bounties are a. fiziislrng stroke. States usually deny that their ob- ject is the extermination of any creature, but. neverthe est bounues are actually extermlnatlng humer- ous species. So, from the state's point of view. it their denial is sin- cere. why ere bounties paid? Our forefathers trapped an occasional weasel that molested poultry, or shot an occasional fox for the same offense. They did not think of rusti- izig to authorities for aid. or of hov- ing “control" subsidized by the, stow. N0. these refinements were left for their more poiitically-pnlnded. and truly elven of unconsciously. com- munistic descendants. ng at a map OCl which the states having bounty laws are made black, the others left while. cnc finds no reasonable explanation for the statutes. Why should Washing- ton. Oregon, Idaho, and Montana, for instance. have bounty laws and Wyoming. Utah Nevada. and Cali- fornia not have them? Both groups have about the same species and about the same abundance of wild life. If one group of these states needs bcunties, the other docs: and the rovers.- is just as true. Referr- ing to the map again. we find that Iowa. and Illinois in white. are en- tirely surrounded by a black belt of bounty-paying states. In New Engazid, Massachusetts is the only state within a, bountv law. These instances show that there is no logic

THE CHARLOTTETOWN

GUARDIAN”

‘iuhiiliuiniuuii

.

PACE cu: EN:

l. .1. Fox, head of the retail fur establishment! collection of prize wlnnin silver fox skins from thePi-incc Edward Island Pelt Show; these were the cham bought by Mr. Fox when they were offered at the Lampson, Fraser 8a Ruth's New York sale.

The beautiful skins were immediately made up and were the reason for l1 special showing tn which the fur trade I Later they were included in the window display of the Fox Fifth Avenue, New York store, shown above.

A New York fur trade paper described the display as: "The largest display of outstanding silver foxes ever mode by an

which bear his name, la a connoisseur In rare and beautiful lklns. Recently he purchlsefl I

plons ln their classes and wcro n New York was invited.

y retail establllh-

ment, and lt certainly represents the acme of beauty ln Canadian Sliver Fox skins)’

in bounty legislation; when we seek a plausible reason for boun- ties. there seems to be only one. namely politics. Bounties are urged by interested groups bv those who hope to benefit. directly or in- directly. Bounties are in the main la manifestation of the great Am- erican sport of getting a. grant from the public treasury.

, As graft. bounties are nothing to bra. about: they are, moreover, eco- log cally unwise and economically unsound: they are without warrant when they concern animals with certs of high value. the incentive for the destruction of which is already s’) great as in threaten the ex sieiive of the species.

Bounty payments are entirely indefensible: by their means unique and interesting species are. here and now. being extennhiated being banished forever from the land of the living.

Weekly Live Stock

Market Report

(April 17. 194i) SUMMARY

'Ilhe very sensitive condition of the cattle triidc to supply was dc- monstruted during the past week. The market started off well but under the influence of if little heavier offering soon developed a weakness that finally resulted in a decline in prices for the week of 25 cents to 50 cents on iiiost grades. At the moment, it appears to rc- quire only a small surplus of cattle over immediate needs to break prices. Calves sold steady to 50 cents lower with the loss apply- ing principally to Toronto. Hogs were slightly easier at Toronto and a little firmer at other markets. while sheep and lambs lieicl about steady on e small supply,