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rue GUARDIAN.

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: Let Legislators Take lets

it is to be hoped our legislators read regularly the feature articles in our col- umns from the able pens of two dis- tinguished Islanders, His Eminence Car- dinal McGulgan and the Very Rev. Dr. Pidgeon, the former an Islander by birth and the latter by descent. In yesterday's issue apropos the intention to spend half a million dollars on Faiconwood, His Emin- ence draws attention to the spread of can- cer and mental disease in Ontario, and de- clares that the latter is the much more serious problem. At the present time there are 19,000 persons in Ontario mental hos- pitais, more than the combined number of patients in all the other hospitals. "About 60 per cent of these cases are youthful persons. Annually, about four thousand cases are admitted. Moreover, at the pre- sent rate mental disease is growing, one out of every 22 persons will probably require care at some time in mental institutions."

Proceeding the Cardinal says: "While each of these factors is worthy of note, ievertheless the percentage of youths who are affected is alarming. This is a fact that calls for the attention of all people. It cannot be regarded lightly for the future welfare of our country is dependent on those who are youths today. And if a not- able percentage are already the victims of emotional and mental disturbances we can- not look to them to provide the stability so requisite for the conduct of society."

While His Eminence gives consideration to the causes advanced for insanity, he strikes deeper and seeks for the preventa- tive, and finds it in the practice of the Christian religion.

"It is easy to prescribe a medicinal remedy for both the youths and adults and to say that when religion has become the supreme moral virtue dominating thought and conduct, then man will find order in his life. In the language of the psy- ghologists he will be able to adjust himself. But the problem is in administering this medicine, for it cannot be administered as one would take a pill or an injection. Man cannot look upon religion as a consolation or as an external aid to be used once in a while. He must accept God as the centre of his life and his entire life must be view- ed as a fulfilment of a duty owed to God.

"This is not easy-especially when are- ligion is no longer a vital element in fam- ily training and when our system of educa- tion does not even consider it. But the truth remains: that religion is the most potent drug for dissipating the unhappiness of life's crises."

Water commissions

Recent developments have brought the Summei-side Water and Sewerage Commis- sion into the public eye. The business which they transact and decisions gthey make directly affect the ratepayers and, more important, affect public health, fire risk'and the palatability of that very ordin- ary but essential commodity, water.

As citizens of Charlottetown had forced

upon their attention a few years ago, in both these municipalities the commission- crs'of sewers and water are established in- dependently of the Council. They may prudently operate at a comfortable profit which will be used to reduce the tax bur- den, or they may let their community in for crushing debts and deficits. In either case, as the situation stands, they are not answerable to the Council. That the system of divided responsibil- lty has worked as wcllias it has reflects great credit-on the various office holders over the years but it seems desirable that the City Council and Town Council should have the final word on matters of civic im- portance.

The Better florists

All sorts of fancy theories are being ad- vanced for the butter shortage, which is currently causing higher prices and a great deal of controversy. The fimdamental rea- sons, says the Ottawa Journal, can be stet- ccl simply. The number of milk cows on farms in Canada-on December-1, 1950 (ac- cording to- the latest DB3 return) was just under 3,500,000, the'lowost number since 1932 and a half million fewertharrthe high point of 1945 when there were just a few less: than four million. On the other. hand ' o lino jlncroo.oed.by al- most three, boll-" million fIIB'1&"-iii-lb at least a million and

three-quarters greater than in 1945. The cow population declined sharply and the human population increased at an even greater rate. ' The casual observer may wonder why dairy farmers, knowing there was a larger market for their products, have not follow- ed what would appear a natural trend and allowed cow population and milk product- ion to keep pace with increases in the num- ber of potential consumers. In the main that is what industry in general has done- and it accounts for the great growth in manufacturing in the recent post-war years. But in the dairy industry there was dis- location of world markets and low prices for surpluses; competition from cheaper foreign oils, higher wages in industry which made it difficult to keep help on dairy farms, and the desire of many dairy farm- ers, in common with most wage earners to- day, to get out of the heavy work and long hours of dairy farming and into pro- duction which promised higher returns and less labor. The trend in urban circles to- wards shorter hours and high pay has had its effect on farm thinking and, quite apparently, a lot of dairy farmers and their hired help have not been satisfied.

EDITORIAL NOT ES

, km. . spring cleaning seems to be the order of the day, except in those households where it began immediately after the Christmas season. I In a sense supporting the Red Cross is like insurance. We rather hope not to be beneficiaries of its disaster and some other services, but it is reassuring to know that they are always available. 0 O 0 It is shocking to learn that Falconwood Hospital provides little more than "pro- tective custody" for inmates. A programme of treatment of the mentally ill, as now proposed, is very long overdue indeed.

This countr , or at any rate the larger Provinces, gleefully broke the "monopoly" of farmers and dairymen in the production of butter and strangely enough seems now bewildered that butter production should have fallen off.

0 Subsidies for gold production are now accepted as a matter of course. It is hard headed business from a foreign exchange point of view to encourage production of the universally acceptable medium of ex- change. When production of consumer goods is the key to. controlling inflation, the hard headedness of diverting labour and materials to gold production is at least open to question.

. O 0

Hon. T. J. Bentley, Saskatchewan, min- ister of public health, served notice in the throne speech debate that legislation will be brought in at this session to make certain changes in dealing with delinquent hospital- ization taxpayers. Insfead of a magistrate's order to pay the tax and court costs or go to jail, a delinquent taxpayer will receive a magistrate's order to pay, or have as- sets seized to value of. the tax.

t

born this date 1884. A son of the Bishop of Edinburgh, he served with the Russian Red Cross in the First World War. He succeeds admirably in creating "atmos- phere," notably in ”The Dark Forest" and "The Secret City" which deal with Russia, and in "The Captives." He has written clever and sympathetic studies of children; keenly observant humour and masterly de- lineation of character are his chief qual- ities. He produced the play, "The Young

Huniresses" in 1933. 0

Premier Manning of Alberta, as pro- vincial treasurer, estimated totai revenue at 394,223,090, another record. This pro- vides for a surplus of S253,480. The oil- rich province, to spend more than M9,- 000,000 over estimated expenditures of last year, will receive a net reduction in taxa- tion, automobile licence plates and licence fees in excess of S3,000,000. Direct and in- direct financial assistance to municipalities, school districts, improvement districts and special areas will exceed 525,000,000. This represents more than 40 per cent of the total estimated expenditures on income ac- count.

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There are relatively few important things which a government might-want to do -which Ottawa will not be able to do under the Emergency Powers Act, says the Gazette. It is strong legislation, iiament has not forgotten the "detention" of spy suspects during the 1946 espionage in- quiry. One of the powers which the Fed- eral Government will not have under the new. act, is that of suspending the vener- able pi-lncipre'of habeas corpus. Thlspowor will not be assumed by the Government. unlose anti until the present international

Sir Hugh Walpole, English novelist, was it

-schools?

But Par- u

vuouc FORUM

This column is open to Ibo -flscnmion by correspondents of questions of interest. Tho Guardian does not neoounn - fly onooi-:6 the opinion of correspondents.

TEACl'IEIl' SALARIES

Sir.-I don't quite get the poln of Senator Grant's letter ing teachers salaries. In fact I doubt very much if he had a point. He stated that the various Liberal Governments during the past: fifty years raised teachers' salaries from 3225 to the present average of 51.000 per year. When you consider that 5225 would buy as much fifty years ago as :l,000 would today, the teachers are no better off than they were in Sena- tor Grant's days. Therefore he has nothing to boast about in re- gard to past Liberal governments.

He seems to imply bhat if the Conservative governlmen-t had been in power, the teacher would still be receiving 5225 per year. This seems like, and is, an insane as- sumption io make. Pcrha-ps he in- tended to ridicule Mr. McLure for requesting that Federal Aid be given to education. I am not a supporter of either Liberal or Conservativc parties but I admit that Mr. McLurc makes some worthwhile suggestions art Ottawa. Therefore. I say, give credit where credit is due. Certainly his at.- tempt to help teachers in praise- wortihy. Why should Senator Grant criticize for iihis?

Does Senator Grant realize that in Ottawa (from where his letter was written) the garbage collectors in that city receive twice as much money per year as the teachers on P.E.I.7 Apparently he is very proud of the fact that the Liberal Government has reached a point where it. considers the service of a garbage collector equal to the service rendered by our P. E. 1. teachers. Senators such as he will certainly do a great deal for P.E.l.

I am, Sir, etc., ALLAN J. CALLAGHAN Arvlda, Quobe: .

MUSIC IN OUR SCHOOLS

Sir,-Those of your readers who may be interested in the subject of music for the rural communi- ties in Prince Edward Island must be painfully aware that the art of singing by sight. or singing by note as it is usually called, is at a very low ebb in these communi- ties. There is scarcely a school where the teacher in charge of it teaches this art, although consid- erable time and money have been spent during the past. nine or ten years at Prince of Wales College in teaching music to prospective teachers there. The fact. of the matter is, these teachers leave this college without having acquired sufficient skill in the reading of music themselves to be able to teach it to their pu- pils in the public k ' and there is undoubtedly a weakness in the course of music as taught. in Prince of Wales College to pro- spective teachers. In the first place. they are taught music in the last year only of their two or three years' training at this institution, and there is no good reason why they should not be taught in this subject during their whole period of training there. The chief defect. however. in the course of music training at Prince of Wales College is. I certainly be- lieve, the lack of any really defin- ite system there, and especially the lack of the tonic sol fah sys- tem, unless indeed it. has recently been adopted there in real earnest. And just why, should not the tonic sol fah system be tharoughlv in practice in the teaching of music at Prince of Wales College. and to some extent in every city and rural school in our Province? Is ”' . and I sometimes fancy it is, that our educational authori- ties and the public in general think this system has become antiquat- ed and outmoded. because lorsooth. our grandmothers learned to sing; by it in the old rural singing But just as reasonably might we conclude that the num- ericol symbols 1. 2, 3, 4. etc.. are J d t our gl J 'h- era acquired whatever skill they

of these symbols.

As I matter of fact. on every well-informed musician knows, the tonic sol fah is not outmoded. nor dld it. originate as some of us might suppose in the old singing schools of America, but rather in classic Italy. and it has been in vogue, I believe, ever since its or- igin in most every country in Eu- rope. Ii: is still going strong in the British Isles. as modified by John Curwon. and leading musicians there agree that it was largely owing to this system that magnif- icent choral societles , g up and flourished in these Isles dur- ing the reign of Queen Victoria: and similar school societies flour- ish there to this day.

The system that did so much for choral singing in the British Isles. I understand to have been the simple tonic sol fah system in which the tones "of the scale in a tune are represented by the first letters of the tonic sol fob nyl- lsbleo, namely. d. r, In, f. s. i. t. d. with distinctive time-marks after eoch letter. It is beyond doubt for training in simple vocal music. the coolest and moot effective of all

Ethics, is written in the stoff notation only.

Tliovoystem. therefore. that u

possessed in arithmetic by the use -

FROM IN MEMORIAM

How mire in heart and sound in

head.

With what divine affections bold

should be the man whose thought

would hold

An hour's communion with the dead!

In vain shalt thou. or any, can The spirits from their golden day, Except. like them. thou too canst

SEY. My spirit. is at peace with all.

They haunt breast. Imagination calm and fair,

The memory like a cloudleas air. The conscience as a sea at rest:

the silence of the

But when the heart is full of din. And doubt beside the portal waits. They can but listen at the gates.

And hear the household jar within.

-Lord Tennyson.

The Ago-lllii Story

hE5W555H5

strengthen ye the weak hands. and confirm the feeble knees. Say to them that are of a fearful heart, Be strong, fear not: behold. your God will come with veng- eance, even God with n recom- pense; he will come and save you.

of British Columbia during the last. five or six years that I taught. there. I notice, also. in reading a recent school report of Nova scotia that the system is in general use throughout the schools in that Province. There is. I Judge, too. a consid- erable number of musical-mlnded men and women the older generation in our Province who will readily see that what. 1 ad- vocatae is not the introduction, of some new system of singing to our rural communities, but rather the restoration of an old one that once flourished more or less in every section of this Province.--in sonic cases too. under the instruction of really competent teachers. 1'. is in system, I believe. that for practical results has never been surpassed. This system, I believe too. can now be restored to our rural communi- ties only through the medium of our public schools. It follows log- ically. of course. that the teachers in these schools must. receive their training in music in Prince of Wales College and under the in- struction of a teacher thoroughly proficient in the tonic sol fah sys- tem. If such a teacher t be procured in Prince Edward Island. then he or she should be sought for ' '; e. I am, sir, etc..

M. McKENZIE. New Haven.

LONDON-(GP) - A seven- foot wallwas built to stop school- boys playing in the yard of St. Marks Church. One boy was praised for sealing the well any- way. He saw smoke coming from the veslry window, scramfoled over the wall and gave the" alarm.

DIGHLING. Engiond- (CP) - Parlahlioncrs in this Sussex town were invited to bring oil stoves and rugs to church services. The church had run- short of fuel.

x

tional, Accident gAgengt or write or call on

, in 1'emeogency" comes closer to being a gen-' 1 oi-oi war. , V ' .

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0300f-oot Old Charlottetown (And r. r. 1.)

UNHT FOB FELONS

From an address by a depuu- Man of the Gruid Jury. to Lieu. tenant Governor Ready, rein-u. ary 23. mo:

"The insecure and disgraceful state of the Jail of Charlottetown has been frequently complained "of by former Grand Juries, but, we are sorry to perceive. without any effectual relief being obtained,

"In the present state of the Law which arms a creditor with

the frightful power over the per- son of his unfortunate debtor of lncarceratlng him during plus. ure, we conceive it to be a positive mvcflil Obllsatlovn on the part. of the constituted authorities of the country to endeavour to mitigate the evils of such a system, so far as may be consistent with s. prud- ent regard to security and the ends of Justice. And while the Is- land contains only the present Jail for the reception of prisonas of all classes, we cannot 1-econ- cile it. to our ideas of equal justice or Christian philanirophy, that 3. dunlgiun which has been repeat- ly do unced as unfit. for con- finement of felons. should be the

doom cf those whose only crime is inability to discharge their debts.

"The remedy we would .beg to suggest to your Excellency is such as the law of England permits, and which, under clrcumstanc less urgent, has been adopted in a neighbouring colony. It is to ex- tend thc legal bounds of confine- ment. by assigning certain limits to the prison without the walls. in order that prisoners for debt, against whom nothing fraudulent can be substantiated. may have the benefit of the rules upon an- tering into a bond against escape."

His Excellency informed the Grand Jurors that he deplored in common with them the very in- adequate state of the Charlotte- town Jail, that he would be happy to see a measure introduced such as they iecommended, and that he would not fall to bring it un- der the consideration of the magis-

OOMPLETE VISUAL REFBALTION nnil ANALYSIS

'5. F. HUTCHESON

8: SON Optometrists

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Dhendng the flvo-hy week. n writer point: out last people on the form work I seven-day week. nut that. of course. is because there's no such thing as on eight- day week.-(Ottawa Citizen.) .