.fo the

'Ministers

thu C lm-_

alias .Assesso-

of

__ _e :_ fur

000. in

~ hall’ 't _,-1

_‘ 1 i.1ll

[ltr

- .luee

vll lil

_ llvlllg

1111> 11180 dusirlal

Any country that as-

pires to greatness must be strong in the following departments' of national activity: agricultural, manufacturing. transportation and

_ fin_ance..__Purely agrarian couptries ' have nsverreached any degree of

greatness; purely industrial coun-

' -tries cannot exist; both manufac-

totai ro- farms is consum-

iry the people

and diiiell, farmers concerned with in-

turing and,sgriculture are helpless

without the. machinery of Bflance and trsnspcrtatipmsystems to oar-

"1-y"p`1'dduce. ' '

‘y

' 5

1

, _

CBUB9 0

ft-e

suddslly without or ab-

VBFY-_

was per. cent. , The average rate of duty on all importations, free and dutlable, af- ter dedccting the customs _war tar- -iff collections was -14-2-il per. cent. - On the 18th .day of May, 1920, the customs war tariff rates were completely removed by Parliament. Surely it is reasonable to say that the average rate of duty of 22% per cent on all dutiahle importations and the average rate of duty of 14 2-3 percent on all importatlons, dutiable and free, now imposed hy the Canadian Customs Tariff. con- stitute a moderate tariff.

The World Tendency Towards Protection

`Fiscal policies of countries are inter-related and swing together like a pendulum towards protec- ‘tion'at one period and towards free trade at another riod This fate

- _..»,=.1 ' ..1.'.\- -.nn-»~

pe _

'is agniilcant because the present

trial countries, especially those that had been engaged in the war took precautions to safeguard their

` -~.- '_r°1 '-

“'\‘$\.

Labor

ll'¢ the

onlne.-

0¢icial'_secor¢ls ahsswthet there

:I not the_wol'l_d_ toda§,1:_n»_' vom-‘ ry m ng'a1'ly prstell 0' s' to in- dustrial development that is with-

ou_:_h 1;protectiwo'ts.ridi

.Dom nion*s tart# legislation

designgg for nqtion l developmient, - ,. 1 _ _

-must 'affect b the fact" h'at

every gl-l4bt"l 'dustrial nation' 'to- dsy- throughout the world hast er- ected. _.Protective tariff barriers against th exploitation of its mark-

ets by/'otlier fnatlons. Were our'

customs tariff removedwhilst oth- er countries maintain and streng- then theirs, our markets-_ would be filled with the overflow goods from protected foreign countries, while our goods would be largely shut out of- foreign markets.-This would so reduce the markets of our factories as to raise Canadian productive costs above a competit- ive basis; and many of them would be compelled to cease operations.

Growth of Canada Under Protection

The beet way to determine whe-

ther or _not .Canada has nourished under '-the ‘policy of adequate pro- tection for Canadian industry is to study the statistics, not for one in-

sxvi _of the world pendulum is\d'ltKt_s'f» .hilt for‘all‘-_i__l1e great basic _strlggiy towards protection. -__ industries. andolee bdlv they blvé -- “glowing the M-m1¢¢|¢¢_ mdukldeveloped slnce'18‘I8. Eonsidler first

the total trade of Canada. he foi- lowing table shows that since the introduction of the National- Pol-

' bum' home markets against a _deluge of icy, our total tr1'lde_`has multiplied

' we-"'"° 'foreign goods, in order that their by sixteen times: -

depends

ebb

_ 'sown' Fiscal Year '1'0,l-Rl Trhdtl ‘ e ofthe 1879 ;140,4s9,1as

md 1920 2.351.174.0116 pay Agricultural production in Canada has flourished as the following

-statistics indicatez- ._ ‘

and YOU Year Ficld Crops Other Farm Produce Total Production

in the 1900 $194,953,420 $639,953,446 _'$364,906,866

- 1819 1,452,437,000 52 .104.000 1.li75.841,000

C .

my °r The national output of wheat has grown as follows.-- _ eerie Y .B 1.

'-"?»~'-"'~"":*_v7‘r-.'_- r-'ff

i

IJ]

use the supply those

,...,.1¢|'" are part -of civiliz- 1917 2,786,649,727

ear usre ._

he 1s70 10,732,573

_ Manufacturing llasshown a similar extraordinary advance.

turn Mnnqfneturlng Industries

--*ml m°°'~ °f Year c llll la E 1 ' v1 rr .1

comforts and nec rssl s'f§s.;o2,s'i‘:;" e §§'i',§':<1'§°°" ' " '§§ol'>',s7s_b'<'ss"°"'

692.061 3,015,577,940

t _ ~ » *‘“' ' ' - W ` -'

°"\_°x':len;3ery family m. Canada demobilized soldiers and war work-I The products of the forests, of

. on y » - _ - _ N* benenteg ers could secure employment in the mines and of the fisbenies- and givaxqgisggalngmiggity and mjuy. _their own. countries. The United the volume of banking and -insur- £__'l by mdunmax 'depmulon Kingdom, notwithstanding state- ance business have shown___tl_1e i`ol-

The Prmc|p|. M p,_°t”`|°,,-- ments to the contrary, is-not a free lowing great increase in* values

AB me Cmmdhm Cmnoms Tm-iff trade country. She now applies under the National Policy:__

_ .

_,M1

.-

\ .

1

._ .1

4.

has not been revised since 1907, 1-¢4_va1-ious protective duties, and has __ FQREST PR_0DUC____0,N_

._-ision is now overuse. Af_t;ar__c?_;-5 ;1__:=2ga:1;-e___b§_fg;e dl_’_1:11»_l;;1_r;le3_____¢_l; ‘ Year _Log psodxcg. _and _

_ _ _ no _ U _ _ _ _ _ _ _

m' '“;es"':&u°§i d“,';,“°'¥,`,,0me ar 'from exchange depreciation or oth- 1881 $3iJ.5I0_5'l% 11- The destiny 0f.Cal"lBd3. `lS 3. fully- d€V6l-

llill. l. € l' U ‘ ' - 1 '1919 140 331 554 I ~ - e » _ " . __ ill er causes. During his budget - 5 _ _ 0 e nat » .. _ _ ' .""°B ”lle't'lgvvhe'£'d:""::'l-,"';n cz?-l':l'; ”l"=e°l\ lil the H0080 Of C°m“l0m MINERAL 1`>1=f<'51Si3Cr1o1N ` ' p d‘ --'lon Empire'

luelltly - ' - - _ __ " " _ __ __'. - -_ _oil ». '1 """'l' cal; L21' Sill r§::a;'f1s':l';,li';.' @0030"C?‘:":‘l:;:lé“»'h€h“§g;?0:b;i " iles? ' '$140 a ls '

nrll 00 ~ ' _ _ _ - - - ' ,- 1 ,1 _ ` _ ' '~ ._

31 d 1- in of.-b,s eases that Elffllellllflfv -“M00 that me Um' 1019 'EV ' 173_q75_913 sixty ships will be in commission with the intention of providing bei

1 1 _

1.5-_[itil-Qi ii ."l'1 1.1 14 C6- 3

" ‘ -.‘! 2-~ ~ '

'll_l’_l_1y‘Canada should retain the_pr¢l`ll0!l0 _

ppllcy of adequate prctee`tio1i_§tx1Capql_§an

-Canada has shown wonderful growth ln agriculture, manufacturing; 1_'crest‘_production, mineral production,_ transpdf£l1tlbn,. banking, insurancg, and’l6ther-Business since~\the _adop- tion in 1 _rs'QT-j1:&p_p‘¢tiqhg1'Puliuy_‘af_-adequate protection for,._`a ' _

2. --Beeausefnnatla-.was strong,-jp, a.ll._ de-

-partments of national activity, _she____lna_de __ a

3.- Since __thé',f__vv¢li‘__pi:alc_ti°cally_ _l}l1__‘ _eivlllzed

countries .have,,1‘ei;ained. or incfeased their pro-

'_ ` tective tariffs. - " _ ‘_ 1'

'4. f- Over' 2,000,000 Canadians are supported

_ _ by wages' p'aid"by"Canadian ffacto1*i¢s.j' `

Canadlan- farms is consumedin Canada. "

6. _The tariff -has caused over'600 branches

' _ of Url1ted_=States factories t;oIl'oc_ate_L_in Canada.

_ 7. The tariii’ provides ‘ a great portion of - the revenue of the Dominion Government.

8. The present tariifof Canada is very mo-

- derate; the average rate of duty on all dutiabie `_`importations is- 22 1-2 -per cent.; the' average - rate of duty on-all importations, free and du-

tiable, is only 14 2-3 per cent. -

_ 9. Canadian products should not be export-

ed in the raw state but should be manufactured _ in -Canada in order. to create business, provide g'_ eninloyment and add to the national wealth. 1 3 10. Ca-nada has maintained a protective ta- ; riff for_42 years. The United States, _our great-_ ' est competitor, has maintained a protective tariff for 131 years. Their manufacturers have

»

n`ufa-_cturers have a home' market of al1outT8

| million people. Last year each inhabitant' of

the United States bought, on- the average, $4.41 worth of Canadian goods, while _each

1 Canadian; _on the f average, --bought _$100.26

worth of United States' goods. United States

5 purchases from Canada Werelargely raw ma

terials. Canadian purchases, from the U'ni_t'¢d States were largely manufactured goods. Is 'it surprisingstliht the rate of exchange is against Canada and _that _our dollar is -at a heavy dis- count,-in the -Unit-ed'States? `.Tl1is is the situa- tion 'wit-h a Canadia.-niariff. -Wh-at-would' ii._'l'1e if theftarifl’ were-removed? Remove the tariil’ and in the words of_`_'ex-President Taft, Canada will become “an ad,1u.nct_'o£ the United*-Sta`-te.s.l_’

rlculture ,in’clustry,- labor' and siness _- _ _

great record in" the war; 1 '- 4 _ ` -

5. _Over 80 per c'e`ni1.'of all..the_ produce of _

' a home' market of 105 million people. Our mal,

_of 'Canada-in

Canada Year

'Priirie Provinces lacrosse per cent f 1’-gplrresc,.;_;,.\.........l...5$_:L..._L. gl

o -......1...:.._....._-.

_ Umm Olfiffo' .a1.'.........'......J../4* _ Total -Cattle

_ Sheep

Swine 9| Poultry .._....___.....-1...,._....,.._; 2| _ ' - .l‘.1‘.-.lk-‘-' _ ‘lit-'.‘.-: 1,-,;,.‘»»__-._ " The growthml industry _in-~|fani-

mba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta ir

s,lso_extraordinal'.yL ln -1900 the \lal`

_ue of goods manufsoturul.-.in--tbesl

_three -provinces ~was~ s .megligible

quantity. For-the: present-1--year s very conservative' estimate- would place the value of the goods'-manu

factured in the three Praia? -Pro vinces stf¢300,000,000. ln 19 .there was not a' si le~ member of the

D8

Canadian' Manufacturers' Associa-

tio_n"located` West of the 'Great Lakes. At the-present time' there are seven hundred.--five hunliref cf tllese in the Province of Mani toba, Saskatchewan -and Alberta. -ln-fact Western Canada is becom lug- rapidly -ludustl-lullzea,'-th- -indusiries which have made' _th- greatest strides beihg milling, pacl ing, steel and iron_,_"clothing, tex tiles, building andpaper.

The absorbs ti of

he

on lages.

con o an _

_ e

e

-and

_ enterprises. the _labfoiy .and-

aull the home

_ ‘__

that

_industry ‘pense of ¢'Taking‘ estinlate

at the ex

capita 145,000

and dividing this sum le num ber of farms ill Canada, iv _ 3 Government statistics as 730,000 we find that the average capita

was $9,356. Moreover, oul

devel0l1il1el1t_‘l11ls' not unique depop lation ol

areas. ln 1911 the rural of Canada was 54.07 per _total population. This contrast to Great Brit

aiu, whcre'the rural. 'populatiol was 49.8 per cent 'of the whole

free _trade was 'adopted in

'had' i‘a`llen`to 21.9 per cenf'

enb

also’argued that ,as Can-

adian manufacturers during the

.war produced _lllllllll-l0l1$~Whl0d1 0_0!!

pared” -favorably with those pro duced by"ciher-countries, they ds not needprotcction now_Thie argu ment ignores the exiraordinan conditions roverning the munltlor.

hp V se ; g _ - I- ;-_ od -1 d h_d _ d d _ th _ ., _ . _ _ _- _

_ f fd t w1l1_be‘.cefusider- *_ _az 0111 a rs_se urns H -- . - \TheSe ships wele built- lu cau- ter facilities for the agrlimltural ludu..1r.v- The” was no comnetil'

' I-'f'l"llIlll'Qlsnd, BU ye”f’°Pdé"§9g[g6"(;%03g!l. 19if0._ the F1s.l,'lE3Y PRODUCWON .adiln shipyards, largely from communities, and possibly' com-{ion_ The price of.-munitions was fi: 'nil tariff .revisions dre goier-fled by Wm °-` - mm W5 0”" Flsu...l` year Canadian. - material, and by __ cdity carried by- the railw ys of ed‘ and calculated to i’l0ld B PGH .-

;i_;lt'__l9?hl“1‘l;’_?;‘_;id°}g_n5;_;)_;l__*_‘_ l§r‘rl_’;’;`l;5d‘ 1312 C'an`adian workmen. The outiitting Facade. enjoys a better rate `ti1an'so11able margin of profit where tht.

9 - 5. ~-~--'-~'~--~---1:~~---1-:-~--1-1 - ~ of these vessels is done in Canad- farm grains, » '_ business was cificlently conducted

"ery resident °f me United Km# CH/lRTERE'D £iANk ' 'lim DUNS Mid with Canadian gcodsi 1- ' " ' " The work was done to standard 0001 lllild B ¢UBl0l1lB lfllflff “lx 0" B _ Tl1e'y are manned chiefly' by_~’Cii.llad{"';§;l~_ these measures are sound, linll specifications. No selling force was -“W average “f “\?°“t _$.16 um YM"-_ YG” » ' _ ~ f’“ld'l_;v Cllilta-I ian eeamenj and arelnow carrying” sistent with the doctrine_o_fIpro~'required: because the market tool-_ _ln Canada last year the avérisfle ,838 ‘?]m_2'§",§f§§’é"" Canadian goods abroad! ‘ tlfction, because they are dcuignedulll' the supply. More important stil! ‘Ref calllla lalln l-lil. lllvll-ldlllg the _ 1919 __._._._ _._,-.c___,._- 2413912411 _ British ._ a li.--. F_ossign_... Capital _to stimulate and safeguard' thc* Canadian manufacturers secured .war tariff, now removed. was ' Total u'nkrDe'.' '._ ' f '|.`\_§yJ;;`t7§¢-|‘|g|__&f1va¢`!'a"' great basic lndustry of agriculture, 'lhe opportunity to manufacture in _about $23,000 Ol' without the wnr Ye ___ P bnosgts by the one of the most -remarkable dw _- _* _ ‘ _ mme quamues That is the pr-e“_

:l guiding principle. end_.rhis=-E\iid-

’ '_.lng principle- :mt ._be»_-e_ither .tho * policy of pmt tion* or the policy , of free trade. '1‘he_ter1n "tariii 10! ' revenue" is misl9¢dill_K xhtml-“Be '“

tariff of even 10 per cent on an ar-

».__ .lcie .producedl in Canada Yields. 10""

enue and" also affords a small de grae of incidental Dl‘0l¢°\~l0D- --

In presenting this statement.

""'1her'efcre, the Canadian Manufac- ` ....1-lrs' Association respectfully

pu!-_,.` to reaffirm its advocacy and

,-upplu-t of the policy oi' adequate

...-_,lt-rllon for Canadian industry

_ ___t.l.u_policy which has been main-

lainevl since 1878 in Canada by all political parties that have held

. power.)

Moreover, the Association Pledg-

es its support to any l1\°i15\i\'°° which will hasten the ad0l>ti0D throughout the British Empire oi substantial customs preferences for Empire products, corresponding to the préterencea now Dr°"l=i°<l lil

' the Customs tariff in Cana_da. " 1.- -,g»g1| Protect on

-»|1h,_°\,j£¢’un- gf the protective system- in Canada have been and should -continue to be,- .tii _To diminish, as far as nos-

,-; gmc, ‘-importation of 80005

_. _pq _countries which can

0 It home

(2) To facilotate the importation

of rawlmateriais for manufactur-

; ms me... which _cannot be

ff Digi

' " "-"gl" irc f-the exhorta-

um, _ qagggian goods as finished

1?; a‘¢'.u1.1¢ec».uaau_ ..elf-¢0ul..1..-

od 'by ddve`loping"al1li encouraging

‘ -'mga-.wr-usuae.mu all -lami- ~ matglpetivities that will sive W

oupatlon to Canadian citizens.

'ff Tl1e"brotective system is. abo_v_e

""g|1~\n||lgs, a national system. The _ country -is the unit. it sims to ‘.‘¢Smah'o<the-1ndtvidual- -country stron!

'"1-1, _gn v'1lsl._de1>srim9nts vi , wiv-

' .ity.`lf-i't were founded on any oth- er basis it could not ,survlvlis “Nl the only r bn that the protective

_1-_.,¢’y"' .'in.'opei'al.lbn. in

pm ly all 'civilised :mhlflet

mr.. _ers1___¢_°l=i°rl°i»f'i1!\_'° fa'

I- _ . _

.\

‘people describe Great Britain as 11 ;free trade cocntry and Canada as a high tariff country.

The business men of Great Bri-

_tain realized early in the war that _steps must be taken ‘upon the ces- sation of hostilities, to protect Bri-

tees have reported to tl'1e_,Brilsh Parliament recommending s -meas- ure of protection for British indus- tries. ' ,. - __

announced s nbw ' arid extensive

Switzerland, Austria, Spain, _Rou- mania and the Balkan States have made general increases in their tariffs. Recent/ despatches show that stdi- higher protection is being

provided in most of thas couln- tries, and especially in ance, t-- aly and Spainjlapan has now in

o;}e1-a§ion_°a _high _p1‘otel_:_tive

n ou er ca, a coun es

have tarigsdgsimed not only for ine purpose of- producing revenue.

but- also to iprovide for reasonable measure of protectio for homo

lndustry. .'l‘he_§1_:ersse.r_ll\te of duty on all impo ns, both .free and

1918, the latest 'year fdr which sta- tistics are obtainable, follow:- . Average ad

_ __ Valorem

<1 - ' -duvl on

_ _ Imports

tish industries and various commit-'

list of prohibited; imports. Italy,"

auzleblll, rg.,l_l1e»e countries. for-

‘Um W” *wut 519-50- Yet "me 157'; :c7lfbfSl',il"9%da V0l0Dm€lllB ~i1llI‘lblllBble directly t0 Replies to. Free Trads_Arguments. ing*-need-today;-and -the home marf

1019 1,841,478,805 the adoption of the protective sys- " i _ - jkct is necessary to supply it. _

AMOUNT OF LIFE INSURANCE _ga_rI1__;1:_ C_F._{1_;1d_1;,__i;gt_l1e°i__1;_l{asfnfsnthlg _:_'5ee_ tirade sri-;_l_1ments a1'_e bglnsi' it glacbrrggled that protection

POIJQIES [N FOR 0 ily 8.8 6 B Bill' Ba 0 ~CllllB ` Om llé . f

_ _ - CE country. At the present time there the attack against Qhe pl-otec'ive Proper trade"organizai.ions pro-‘

Y°|‘§‘;'! D°°~ 31" ;*‘§§“;‘g'l"_§" are over 600 branches of United syfstem in Canad_s,.'_'lt may be that duce greater efficiency. better qual

1919 _`,`_','_'_`_1'_'_`_'_'_f','_'_`§f'_`f_`_`_ff"2_13713331395 Slate? fi1Cl0I‘l€S lil Ciililldll. @mi'll0>'- nlblly who use the free trade argu- ity and lower prices. Improper or- - ‘ ' _>- -ins about 87,000 people and rep- W: do not believe lulhem, and geulzatlons can -be prosecuted un- _ /lMOU;~f'i‘ OF _FIRE INSUQANCE resenting invested capital of about a 'erely trying to create a diver- der existing laws. in any case, in- . OMC”-:.8 IN FORCE* $400.000.000- While a low of these _ from 'which they may profit. dustrial combinatiomhas not resch- '¥ear, Dec. _31st - Amount. ¢0llC€I`!lS mldlit have 001116 10 Cali _ lgslnce these free trade argu- ed undue proportion to date in Can _ $79 -.-.--~-T----7*---~-I----~-~-~~-"P9-“99»7°1 M18 ll theft! had bball free lrlltle. ts are being used to attack the ada. The census places the number

_ - 5-31""'5"'?l"k°";'r'"~~~--.1-°9‘~“9°-‘G1 it is an absolute fact that the srwll :genial Pill-’ty,' it ls necessary- to of manufacturing establishments at

Fl‘Hl1C° lll¢l'°M°d ll°l` lafllf “ite” -3|n¢g_»]`_‘ 7' 5 'mo majority came to Canada because 5 "8w'»`y'vl.y"tlie'y` cannot be ‘applied about 35.000 although this includes

d‘“"°5 th’ past YW" °'“' uma" "'»'*1ls.1'l° ' d Er). of the Canadian CUHl0mB Tariff Bl00d p itably-to Canada, '- concerns which bnhscarcely be call Hoods. by amounts *aryills frcm_ .Q , “yi '~ lu? ' in as a partial barrier to the imports- -E5. ‘Z ' -' ed factories. Ae the number of fac- t°“ t° mme h“”d’°d"'p°r cenm' ' " ‘}'g'w;}'p 8 |De(:,p e H011 Of Dr0d\iClB inilliufwllired by ‘ pe.of the chief free trade argu- 'tory employees is estimated at ab- uml as late as Aprl1.zst1._.1aso,...l.e~]~,-5-S all-I 8 “_ '§.,m,e Wf; ,,§$p§§f me uulleu sms... Alrhuugl. the m&._, ,,._4.,l,e1'11t1¢. the y,.,,e.,',, ,hai °“__700_000_ the- a,,;_,dgo_num,m 0,

-~’3<l‘l-fliisilil-H!9*1.liusili "_-neflutty ,md number of branches of British lac- h'_ e _marlgetf Especially to form: employees`por_-i;1_dust1-_lul establish- ftilli'se' whc¥cddlH~n%>?:11e'employed l0i`l°B eillbllshad ln 'Calmdm is .egqlt ia' sta'ted'tli'g;t Canadian farm ment in Canada' s about twenty-__ ~ mtghpqpgbpljndushqes ware forced small in comparison with the num- le -dell their products in an open- A_ more serious charfge is that --£0 9~n'|{m-p;¢¢~gq;h_ mg ;\~'¢mm that ber of United -States' branches, as rlygfkot where the prices are fixed Canadian manufacturers, take un- ‘B0dli'-itrlildondoffcanadiapg up nv. Bliiilllll- lhlb. liC¢0\‘dlli8 10 Sir bg,_.iilti;al"11.ationl1._l_ ' colnpetition, andldue advantage of the tariff, for ex- 1.1¢ l..',4,l.¢ Uulu-id sim, may wh., Goorse Paislfs estimate in 1911. tl. t 1 ey buy what they .leon lulample. by uddlnlrffeight and -duty --_#wld _-'j‘mv'm.".‘|,,we_1q\9n Canada 1|- the sum of $l,860,000,000 of British Ctgrfada which is described ash to soiling price of co_mpatlng-_-pro- opportunities for empioyme lt had Callllill WM lllveilled lil Canada ill cldsed market. For 'i019 -'tho' gross ducts in fixing' their own sailing been al/nimble. After 1878"the in- lllilt lime. fi C0iiSl_t_l_\‘i1bl8 lJi'0l»0l°' vQloe_of the agricultural produc-lprices. We do not defend such-prnc _duph-f..\-‘,pyp¢em 0f'(¢ ada begun tion of which wulfvestod in mm’ of canada has been officially lice, but,we submit that specific

to d qlop u todin it directly £la_ll\lf§9f\|_l‘lllé lllllilfxf 95- sfltimdted as $l,075,8'll,000. During charges should be made against _suppgl-'tg_"2,00m0 Ca adians, and' r'°W!|\' UF _$01041 'U"lC\lll\H‘° tip-:same yoar, exports of unmllnu- to offenders rather -than general 'in dd n, yfel s i direct oppor- The Canada Year k of 1018, lmfturad farm produce were valued statements against nil manufactur- `t`lln'Ft'f'£-l‘Eig1 sevhgl' nflllions more. Dulilollilléd ?`l75'_¢li'°'D0ll`1'lfll0li BUTORU a¢irlpproximateiy $315,000,000, or if ers, or against the protective sys,

1 'Transportation Of Sl-\»tlDllCB. 'Trade alll] 'C0mm0l°°° b&dr and cheese be lincluded, at a tem. - 1-

"'. 111.51079, the year -after the ad- D9l>iiFlm9iil.i!lV 68 ll\tG'|'B8llliiZ NH' little over $361,000.00. ln.‘other We bag to draw attention to an option-of the Nations# Policy, there _llsllcs in r0DHl'd i0 Cilniidlaii l\Kl`lC' wprds, only' between 16 and 18.5 unfair method of attacking manu- w` re £111 6,4_8=i;n1iles of steam '¢’ll\ii‘9-‘ 0° WEB 219 Ufillll "°l“m¢- perivcent of -all jhe pro1iuce'of Can- facturers, and through them, the fdlliw s ln Canada. "A glance at the 'f0ll0Wll18 Gllrlwt 11l>D°l\fB¢- adiau farms was exported is the protective system. A few manufac- the-’following` 'table' will show a Tilt! C0080!! Yell' BOOK Of 1913. uhmanuiacnrrod -stain -while be- turers who have enjoyed marked great inc.-ease in the mileage, ln published by the Dominion Bureau tween 81.5 and 84 per cent was prosperity are singled out. They \h9 S\i110\lli¢ Of fi'0|Blii Clifflbd. Bild ‘lf Suusucs- Trade and c°m““’l`°9» nflrketed in Canada. are attacked in a sensational man- `g1-oss eel-nlngs:-1 - Department. gives interesting ala- _- _rrlw home market under normal ner lathe press and 0° the blat-

` conditions is a constant market ln form Their profits for particularly

No of Failures of lf!!-

Fi

11 wer' "“'-._ _.._7“"

1ii§"l.. 5.1 iw. lil! lil

forth tn Tab|°‘ t_..¢._._,-211.7.,,_............,, Ill __,

Thislsthe other side __ of _tile t _ _ " ' " '.'ll";'1- the xml-'ending March 81st 1911 the Minister of- ‘1lce. in

cmula'l .muses sheet-will se: Estimated expenditure (including i uuti ......... . $540 649 ell

nsumsteg sgselt-'..._:;:.f-0168011114115

-Adopt free tzsd¢."lose'."_tf1e eas- 'oms revenue. which he -estimated at $167,000,000, s`nd‘the deficit will

he $335,040,428. - =

Those who woul|l_ abolish tha

Canadian customs tariff and _thus 'oss the revenue shc_uld_ be rehlac- .d by the imposition of the follow- ng taxes,-a direct _ tax on unim- lroved iand.vaiues‘ and natural re- 'oul-ces, increased taxation on per- -sonal incomes, increased inherit- -nce taxes, and increased taxation en corporations. As to taxirlp un- ~s.rned__iuore1nent as such. no ob "ection’1‘s‘ offered, but it must be emombered that vacant land now lays taxes to the ‘municipalities -.ndxin some provinces additional axes to thd provincial government. `in'fact, much vacant land has been tiven up by the -_owners in prefer- mce to paying the taxes now' im- --osed. -Income taxes are now paid `1y individuals to thenlunicipalit- ses and siso_tl1e Dominion Govern- 'nsnt, inheritance taxes are nw ‘mposed by 'all the provinces. _Cor- porations are taxed-as persons by

”nunicipsl governments, provincial

rovernmenis, and the Dominion Bovernment, and also payspeo ‘al taxes io every province for the privilege of -being corporations. it 's submitted that the suggested Jorma 'of dilrect taxation, whllecap

'uce tn~line_ye1\r the huge sum of #$55,000,000 (or almost the present ~ntire revenue-of Canada.) The-fact that the per capita am- iunt' of revenue raised by the tar- if is greater in Canada than in the 'inited States is often used as as lrgument that the Canadian tariff s too high. The explanation- of_the fact is simple. The United States 'npoees -a high .tariff on imports compete with domestic products. lut, because the United States has .uilt home industry by constantly ldhering to the protective principle or 131 years, comparatively little s imported. Consequently, the am- >_unt of duty collected is smaller ier capita than in Canada, not be- :ause the United _States duties are owe1'..but because the volume of lmportr is comparatively much lmaller.

United -States Competition

Thellnitcd States, _with a_popu-

‘ation of 105,000,000 buys from this -_-ount'ry‘ of 8,000,000 people" only .bout one-half ' tire' va-lue of’ the roo41s~'v/hich it sells' us, Our exports to the United State; and imports 'rom _*Jie United ggtates for various 'ears since 1907 oiiowz- _

VALUE OF IMPORTS 'FROM UNI-

TED STATES -

Fiscal year Ammjng

1907 (9 mos.) $156,943,029

350,354.47! . 017.0 1.41 1020 so2,0gs.slg

VALUE OF EXPORTS T0 UNITED

STATES '

l=`Is<-nl your Amount

1001 <9 men.) 8 7s_02l.4so 1912 120.014.1134 1017 4as.s70_sso 1920 464,020,213

Last year each inhabitant of the

lrlnitell Btatss bought '$4.41 worth of _,anadian gods. while each Canad_ an bollllnht $100.28 worth nf lynlum jtstcs -Hoods. Significant also is the ,*‘°¢ “"1 buf'-vvrvnest-.1 from' the _,lnlted_litates were largely in manly., _"C¢\"‘*’d goods while their nurcli- ases from Canada were chiefly raw material. It is 'not surprising that 'hut rate of -exchange lg kgglmy, Eansda and that our money |11 err “F-V3' discount in -the ,United 'Staten 'l'llls is the ltltildtlon with »\ Cnnnii. 'nn'vnriff. What would il be if thr l.|1.rli'f were abolished? Canaria. lr

mf;ri:__¢~_;l ra f,,||,,,,,,,¢_.

_ 1. U le rl st l 1. _

tained a p';‘u:ecti\': Ntariffn fo'1:m'§l were f*-enum. 'fur ‘s2‘_v¢-nr...

2 The United Stat:-11 has a morr

llllrhlv orsraninf-ri industrial nv... '~""l~ *llllllfiricrl hv lmmsnno ws~ali_h _ 3. The United Rtntos mnnl1|n.~tl1r~ ora are srvxnrnnrnnd their hm", 1".;-'f~l'1'.r"»'l 1"'é"""""'f"' '"""""" """" ‘ - 11 :re 1 f ‘”_"_m_ Tn” Gan.f\d;”t_l\\1__nnl’l 1~nv1l~l_:1l

It v ' ll vrvlttv-r lnhnr mlnr-lv.

F- Thr- Fyrsfnmn rmr1|in|lnr~-1 nl -hr

'llnltvri Stains rli..¢f,|.|-...U \~_",,,,,;|,,,. lvvvnnrtn mv-llo the --11s*_nmn y-.~¢,,l...

glans nf Canaria cncollrulrc Unites

tv-or-~ lmnnrfn. ' 'Yit‘l'\i1\'. we odnnnt mnnlrfnrturn v-X. ""\l"|\""V In (‘.nnnrln nt tho nrcanni '\f-'cmnfi stem- or dur Industries. lm- lrsn -thclm lndllsirlr-1| are lrlvon nr..

Wo Mn abolish n lr t ri fl "___ U M R 1 1 _ff an nllnw

“K . Utes in _manufacturi-

for 111-. hi 1-. we prfulues nw# ma. tcrinl/1 for them, r-v_~ we 1-.yn y.,.y..,.,.,

¢.-- ~. -~'r_'- li#

1.1¢ il t_‘¢1>¢t¢`l=_ll. umm. that

cl-owl' ` lvl) - _ - __ - - -.nuumea revenue ‘ ss1f000,oo0_ _ I _=l / ',',-'. '_‘_- '_‘_ .. ‘-O'-T ..\;..|.£,B¢_~-‘ '- '_

-this ‘oflsome -extension. cannot pro.

rv.

manu- is the

reci-

and think

. ' _

E -Prod.

dent x

such the

between two countries is

necessary' 'and nragg _¢1_qp|_,-¢,\,]e_ Bm, the people of »¢l1e-United, state; Will -Bltblociafe--:tile natural desire of Canadians to promote their own national development, wlllle_ main- taining with the Unitodstgtps the most-cordial l'ela_t_ions_'- -

_ Conservation_ T There are ' __-, courses we cap.

lwrsue in rows to our ilstul-al" it

resources. Wefcah plunder these "‘”°“'“°° *l',l°", 11.010 ravi or_pa.-1- lv finished- 0 __ _ _I 'anti _ol the country to ot er countriesfwhieh

‘will take _,tho e.-.mate is , mann. fwclure tl1Urn_a;d`ge_l_l `t{|a|:.fp@ck`¢D

at greatly. eribanced prices. The °U_\‘=i." wurse -s-.t0_°o-serve, lo ml.. lllufacturs in Canada not only -tho' lrrellmlnsry processes. but also the Gllcceedilllt' processes and- export the products in' a finished g¢at¢'_ Unliel' '-719 llfil lil-H11. _for example. W0 Wllifld _-Plglcrt our timber, ores Ind DUIDWOD ~, Under the second clan we would manufacture them "'10 'lllilllly iiniphed products for domestic and foreign ¢‘0n.;ump¢|0n_ Under the first uhm only a llmlleu amount of rough labour would be

““°°°5*"Y_ _ Most oi' _the buslnesl; connected with the processes 0 further manufacture, aifegtlng blllikliiz. transportation and insur-

Us in the shape of llulshea ul-llcle.. 4

countries, and part of our own po.

ance, would go to enrich other *_

grate in search,-of` _em`ployme..l_ Under the _second plan we would 081"-V l-098° m‘ccesses.of manufac lllfllllf £0 flll? llldllest sian here. providing employment and creat. llla' ‘bli8llleSS. ` The 'ilrsi plan is free trade. The second plan |g

puiation would be forced to emi 5

- I

prot_ection_ ` °

Pftferwtisl Tar1f1¢_w1l1.1n ms..

Brllllh Empfrg

On the whole, prospects' see ' brlzht lor. the gene.-ul ex1_sli‘..'li1`u'1'.'l British _preferential tariff systems througfllout British countries. Such au arrangement amongst British Overseas Dominions would corres- D0rId- wiih the policy followed be-

tween tl.'e 'United States and` the"

Ullllefl _$14395 overseas countries, including uha. A similar pell- cy is followed toward their rcs- nective possessions by France and

-italy. and was followed by Ge.-_

many. Canadian Factories in the Wgr__ .Shortly after the beginning of

the War the Canadian factory sys. tem was practically put on a war bliais, and munition making wap orxallizedt How Canadian fac-

~i'0l'lés succeeded in war manufac-

',ing- is illustrated 'by the following “l»8¢illIwi1t from the report/issued bl! the Wil' Cabinet and pregentpd 'B i-'he Imperial Government "The -"l\°"'_lfH¢‘»'l\1l'll_1x resources ln`Ca..a- 'ls have _l»°en_ mobilized _ 1... war -production _almost as completely as those of the British isles." Mu. vlition _work_Ylas done chiefly un- "°l' U16 Cl_ll_\l.1'0_l of the -imperial Munltionn ¢Board-which placed 0,-_

."61|\D tl ' "°°l"~'lf=s""'st""'13~'¢-.1-'e':.'l §u'lf'l'u'l:.l"lers in Canada amounting. to Sl.- *lisallvnntalren which may ly., mm. 200900-000- At the. D0l_=\lf of op-

erations between 250,000. and 275,- 000 workers were-employed 1.. ms- klns mlmiuous lllelualu.; _.ht-111.. “'~l'ls. 64 woorlelrllhips. 44 steel sllipa and 3.000 aercpianpg At the *lille llm0_Cana\‘lian.i‘aatorles lar- 'relv_ supplied the -Canadian people _1i_"hpme and the'Canadian‘ army 'lhroild ` Abhllt hrlf the Canadian

nr 11,000,000 lm.. 1\lrca<ly""1."..,f',:"f,,';f lrmv came from the factories and l0;l»l;__ln\';1fif-fl. _ lihnlf returned-to the factories on ,,-"_ P l “ll-"fl l='~'- I--»~ ~m1>-r- -lembbllllstlun. 1.1 we had not

built up ll factory system and allied ll\1Sli\t‘~BS. if our manufaciurinlz- and business had been done -for us lnrselv by other countries. then Canada could not have sent as many men lo the war. could not have supplied shells, ships and ae-

la.-¢1»l5»_. ...=»»l...~o »l..» |n,1,,,.,_,|,,,_,,, th; ropianes. could not have given ""0-'° l'°“.i’,"- We hu--1-ww.. .~1...1-.r 'large financial aid, and could not

have absorbed her demobilized sol- tiers. », _ ,

Conclusion ' `

to ‘

Peru

., -Uruguay 11912) .__...‘......

vis ue-.. I

Countries ' per. cent Argentine. 110.8 ‘ ‘Brazil 15-.li

Bolivia ...__ 1;;l-

1 9

' C1111.. G” “""'“5'

'r r freight 8,349.3 0- 17.923026 ‘:¢i_2ll_75:l "".f.° -110. I of _ _ 1 xr.z~ 4 1114.11

53'. You ga

._»a>:»=... ?‘§°Z"!‘P. qN@~m

Ecuador

' Paraguay ._._._.-.___.__

v"““"°"‘ " such' an agr ent would build up

,vt ‘me _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

”||_.q ’¢,:¢:;,|-°£m';\_`_ydZ¢el0pii' ' The followingclause was adopt- north anll"so_ug1‘tra'ilic at the ex-

, prosperity f ed by the Natlosal Republican Con pense of east sal west treifle, and-

of the cltisens ve ti n, o be.Regoblicsf1,Pn-ty; of would deproeiste the [value of the

-‘ "3f,.¢ 'm _f.f'l ' I ' th1'.;tl'suaPstatt-s. a£cn1cag6_ June huge investments-lu °.1'.f-lrauspu.-

' -."-' --‘#6-NM 10th 1920:- - tation systems. . -_ _

(

. _ ,, 1

_ mg cu. domes c in-_ :'The uncertain and up etlled This is even a more important

"' digcuity conditions of international bal- question than it was in 1911, be-

' ' mtl and in

beus o

~»-*f~'“"'..'l-.?l.'f.

' 1 the . ll- _ -

.4 ' _ P s _ _ _ or. ' _ _ ' " ' _._ ' alesli-

', vw

f ..__. . - - _ ._ '_

ances, the abnormal economic cause the Government now owns _ -_, ~ I 'tiblf-_Ol llc world, two out of the three trllsliiilosltinely Sfiynl _ i..-fl. of fore- tal railways, and will ha._\1s 'fo ply

agricu|tlii‘lll‘pr0duct o_n in 1917. vii.. , $l,62l,M8.g00 be added for aliiild. 9.792.099. 00__,f0r buildings -$0_,W.54ii,000- foil ifnplements,$387- 0 a.0o_0__..r_.u luis live stock $1.102. 201.000,- -‘the 'total 2 estimated agricultural rwsalth of the Dom- i n f nada for 1017 amounts

' 'fo f§\§b3';5,oo0."

- _ j ' _ Canada's agricultural

"IiZ.lo_-the estimaited value of-

. , 11170 lssn i 9 1909 lm,” a""countr where the alation is successful years. are advertised.

M11" 1'.. operation ' 0.404 12,025 - lllrlull 22245.}l0‘m_6;§,’}j§2§ steadily l'1lcre'nsiiig it 'isps growing ='l‘hetr financial statements are an-

M5 05 H214-1_1; 5 ,a a, _ lass ssal1.s1s_s01 market. The foreign market or op- Hlyled unfairly. No attempt is

, _ _ _ ' . _ '-- 71" - ' dh- market -is an uncertain market. made to average the lean years 'lnlefrall-ways oppudeaathb' reclp- tistlcsfln- regard to Canadian ezric- tti may be lost suurely lhruugl. with the good years. No tribute 1..

rocigéagllsbment in 191.1 with the ;!\llt\1_{’l%-11?’ D458 $19 ltif llllb V0lilm0 _war. lt mby be restricted ihgough -admitted to eifi|:leuc'y,lec<;_nol_1lical Uni -States on-the-' grcllnd that he o o ng ‘BX N10 Bl>li0Hl"HI- legislation or economic caus s. "hill agement, or ususu us ness

`:`_1t-'ls natural t1..l.l~t1.¢_ argument aulllpy; These --outstanding exam- abdut‘-seiling -in foreign 'm1irkell1'silbs~of prosperity are -held up to

` -liuylng in protected hlarkets--f'ho Pliillii QB,--'l,1l9`lleral condition

gguld be rnosfstrongly urged in or errtire.bid,uatr_io|. __; ' » _ _

tern ~Csnada,- where grain is -.This method.-of, argument is as

` .for export. But -the -eoadit.,-::_1g,ir srtt orollld be.l-0--lwld lib

_'hr-'ol agriculture are- changing- e phenomenal. case of profit-

_ery rapidly in Western Canada. e farming, or. o lucky strike_il1 t so man ears a o wheat. was in as a example of. how agri-

y y 1: » sn his - '

'libel principsifsoarce of farm rsvon- oultpre or mining.-pays generally. 'i1a*in Untario. .What is 'i.lre.-case., ._A reo'oni_»survey .of the shoe

-_~‘.- -;.: '- - 'even the near deficits out oi generai_-ill1xst|olr¢~'~--~-=" ruff. nd 1 Figures for _the _year 1917 manufacturing industry shows,

brsllhllle the fonnulstion The organise H capsid# .lukemidilfg the importance of sg.-L at ytpent c nstt ted f tl that a very considerable num

`f' " " 1 " _ ' 9 _ _ __ - IWW' . _ ~ ' - ' gp; qdlpup prog-ammo-to meet ian ®vernmen %€ Marine- _cu\tllre:,4he Dominion and Provin. (wt-'4il"tlle otd'i'.vd'ille'tx fof,ilrm|._l1sva.triod_ _to succeed

mw;m|,g,y"r hence. But the mm-ks_a.new ` _ ill t e nistcryi cial 0_ovefnnl_ent| have given spec- produce of Ontario. - in thi,¢,,indl1stry_bl_1t have become R9 iican party , reaffirms its of the cb}fntry,: -_@svqiop_1r;ent._ lsl ittention and substantial -fin- -. ollghly speaking, a new,cquni.;1y|.ba1lknglt, and, second, that the av- beiief in the protective principle first vessel was _ sneedfln Ma ‘_ social assistance to this basic in- __ gmwillgybost slid ,gi-adual;-rso1rn.'on the capital invest-

qpujp, sn and pledges Itself -to a revisiom 1910. ind by the ond ol the year, 'dustry. _ l_ develops. into _mixed __fa_r|p1ng,-_ _,in ~ths~_shoe _industry was 5.39

tu-in bo- of the tariilassoollssoonditiolvtwenty-two ships ordered by the Cf recent years the money ap- atldthelglzlgress ofthe Prairie Pro Dar cent per annum Duns esti

‘*‘** Govern ent wer m i t it is ro rl ed for il extension 'nncss from w e o‘f lifes ofllslslliss mann

' "uf ' kit i‘ 0 _scene-I. _ t _ rs "1 ` __ `-_r~ _ _'- ........*¥ --

______\_ ____ __ ,_ , _.___ * __ 4 _‘l _ . ,_ __ _?P_ _ _#leo 0f_- ve ,.11 }`__,:_; ,-\.- __ H _ ___ _'j' __'_ 1- ' ' """)' 'w """“"-"""°W"""*"°°""°°'.l _Pi .‘} J- I/z;»"l_'_-if-‘-'M-ll ’ Q-"" ` ,, " " ' ' '.-.""""11"""`°§’-T - J' -“,¢.~_' ._ __

- _ _ ~- _ .; - _- -_--'\.A'_-‘-_ - 1.- __ -ag-_,nl __ _ _ .,_‘_-1 -'-» - - -- _ _ . _ _ _ . _ ' _ .- pf if .,-° 9 -., |l~.~~ - - ‘» _ Q' _ .~ - ‘- f' -

VW@5@@'5J("_`l@"f'§`.".'9 ' -.l..'.'1..t- .- - =- -f-"1 ._-he-_',_~'l' ` '

' '_,=','~.l;l..¢.;_.¢f.~....‘¢..» - .,- _ ' ' - - - ' - \h" " ~ '- ` " ‘- '-' *' ' " _

"~*'5'ii`»,.° il-';""”' - '- -' 'y-.' . I `\- »

.

ora in nur 1-44-rmlrlstlon t nt_‘f‘an. fn mn course o['n1'|`5 Btmemeui ::-..~..:r.w..!ii".:'uf..'u.'!'::"';r...1-.a ~- -M 1-- 1---» ---fr --» ---yps-'l an nv'rlc1\lt11rf~l um-nary. that manufacturing in Canada _ fl ,_,",§:_-_Z'_7""“,',’r‘:_‘_f,2;‘;`_‘;‘ ll *.1 "f'_T"’__l<:1_f\w§_ inseparably ponnecied with _otlldltiy _,|.,1,,,,,,,,¢°u, this mesn»'l_|,..",|,{‘,“{:‘,;_ industries; thai. two million wage-‘.- "ftn of 1- -mei rf-uun~,v by .1 1,1. “mere and' _dependents .1 ure .~- »».nntrv_ -rm, ,bwli rfmntrv. it l ‘leir living through ' mlmh [up .‘ true; often konml-the frwms'nf nn' ' ' _‘f-hal-»_|n1iavu=nmm nftnr fre:-¢|.-.» -"L 'md 'lhat ul? 'm°3l- °f 'U' T9’ 11-11-'-41.~..».¢.-11: »v.ll"|7rs..u\lv.- 4...... _'*¢llilibr‘dl the population ri;rlvo _”'>**""*" 0" flnhrldhl :Qld cemrner-‘ .- ‘ldirect Mita; lille this qonnirv _e_l';1.__g'_l_l_»_:f-_13_i_5»_1»3__ 01;. N W' "_-_-___ _ - .. elsif _e'.l.ns msdb rsm'r!¢11l.1~ . of wt. 'tx-r»-~1»l¢.-'l"1~..r't 1-...ffl ‘rom-o' 1 iilifler 'tile National. 1'- ' ;_»v__t;=____-_l’i1¢_-_‘lil-elliriv-nt ' Roosevelt wer 'V Of-_._YOM.eci.iol'|; that _"fm--’ 0.... _...af .'.°.f‘1.:z°'.'..lt::1'1l.,:.-,_-- _ _"ll--e 'gg -~--wi-c '_+~e-ee 'rlu-v ..,,,,¢,, ,.,,,,M,,-,,,,,,“ hm" ,_. 1-otsctioir. mth 'charlot relin- ."""'i "W"-r on-the :mb ct them 1-any 1 ‘llllll ll.: tllflt- the revision of the 2_1: g_11ar_rei _¢:_ver til, wnminatio '\rlff'dllo1l1l\’i'he scientific and .take :.“~“:.`7"* '3'~~’*“iY-~l.".l.l“:.°."".l: '"'°.. °°.“".i°’.“‘°“' "” "’&“'.I.“'

1-1- 'nen ,

rm. fl'-'i1e"l¢°l_§l."'ird'¢`:."'»"f-°" "'""' fiscal .guilty °e'll";1»°et2'e:l'e1: .szltll

111 s letter twill `_.lit'4Pr ell some Assurance of no silence is 'll;_§;lmt§_ 13; l_1_§_t;.l_.____li=._l’vesi_ ____ 'i 111..; uses: aus. nu\'li'.1'r,'-ll1sl'lho

-. _ . - _ vs_ Ol sim o the fiscal oolley determinell °"°‘-'M .aah .1 .......l1.a" " l "1"" °'.'.“" °“"""’ ..l“"l.““

1 _ ',e os Vance snada-iowa I or “_l'°"“°l~ we 'wid tate would lmluy fu-.s fully ssveioueu .mluu

'_ lYi‘l>llli°° I ¢\\\‘.l’e1lt of business _wit i the,-_British llmpire.- ‘

‘- '.%§',.¢_*|.,~r#§,..-_ngwl ‘FYTITA

-` -ff-~ .‘r_;" ; '. .;, . _ __ __ . .

' 1. -"’ 1 '